types of leadership qualities with examples

5/19/2018 Types of Leadership qualities With Examples

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LEADERSHIP

Meaning:

A leader is a person who guides and directs others, called followers. He gives focusto the efforts of his followers. The manager, as a leader, influences his subordinatesto indulge in such activities as are vital for the accomplishment of the enterprise goal.

If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more,

you are a leader. -John Quincy Adams

Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower.- Steve Jobs

Nature and Characteristics of Leadership:

It is the personal quality of a person:Leadership, to a considerable extent, is anin-born or an inherent quality of a person. It is also possible to train a person toacquire leadership qualities. It is the potentials of the manager that determine hisability to guide, direct and co-ordinate the activities of his subordinates.

It is a process of influencing others:Leadership is a process of influencing othersto act. In an enterprise, the manager has to get things done by his subordinates. Forthis, he has to influence their beliefs, behaviour and attitudes. The success ofleadership lies in the willingness of the subordinates to comply with the directions ofthe manager.


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It requires the confidence of followers/subordinates:To be accepted as aleader, the manager must gain the confidence of his subordinates. For this, he mustbe very knowledgeable, sincere and committed to his work. He must be a role modelfor his subordinates. He must have certain beliefs and values.

It requires motivation of subordinates:The leader is expected to motivate orinduce his subordinates to work. By giving directions, orders and instructions alone,the manager may not be able to get things done. He has to suitably motivate thesubordinates to put in efforts. Motivation need not always be in the form of offeringcertain monetary benefits. Even a word of appreciation may induce the subordinatesto work hard.

Leadership is a continuous process:The presence of a leader is alwaysnecessary in an organization. The subordinates need to be guided, influenced,controlled and induced to work continuously for the attainment of the organizationalgoal.

Leadership Types :-

Autocratic leadership.

Bureaucratic leadership. Charismatic leadership. Democratic leadership. Laissez-faire leadership. People-oriented leadership or relations-oriented leadership.

Servant leadership.


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Autocratic Leadership :-

Autocratic leadership is an extreme form of transactional leadership, where aleader exerts high levels of power over his or her employees or team members.People within the team are given few opportunities for making suggestions, evenif these would be in the team's or organizations interest.

Most people tend to resent being treated like this. Because of this,autocratic leadership usually leads to high levels of absenteeism and staff turnover.Also, the team's output does not benefit from the creativity and experience of allteam members, so many of the benefits of teamwork are lost.

Bureaucratic Leadership :-

Bureaucratic leaders work by the book, ensuring that their staff follow procedures

exactly. This is a very appropriate style for work involving serious safety risks (such asworking with machinery, with toxic substances or at heights) or where large sums ofmoney are involved (such as cash-handling).

Charismatic Leadership :-

A charismatic leadership style can appear similar to a transformational leadership style,in that the leader injects huge doses of enthusiasm into his or her team, and is very

energetic in driving others forward. However, a charismatic leader can tend to believemore in him or herself than in their team. This can create a risk that a project, or evenan entire organization, might collapse if the leader were to leave: In the eyes of theirfollowers, success is tied up with the presence of the charismatic leader. As such,

charismatic leadership carries great responsibility, and needs long-term commitmentfrom the leader.

Democratic Leadership :-

Although a democratic leader will make the final decision, he or she invites othermembers of the team to contribute to the decision-making process. This not onlyincreases job satisfaction by involving employees or team members in whats going on,

but it also helps to develop peoplesskills. Employees and team members feel in controlof their own destiny, and so are motivated to work hard by more than just a financialreward.

As participation takes time, this style can lead to things happening more slowly than anautocratic approach, but often the end result is better.


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Laissez-Faire Leadership:-

This French phrase means let it be and is used to describe a leader who leaves his or hercolleagues to get on with their work. It can be effective if the leader monitors what isbeing achieved and communicates this back to his or her team regularly. Most often,laissez-faire leadership works for teams in which the individuals are very experiencedand skilled self-starters. Unfortunately, it can also refer to situations where managersare not exerting sufficient control.

People-Oriented Leadership or Relations-Oriented Leadership

This style of leadership is the opposite of task-oriented leadership: the leader is totally

focused on organizing, supporting and developing the people in the leaders team. Aparticipative style, it tends to lead to good teamwork and creative collaboration.However, taken to extremes, it can lead to failure to achieve the team's goals.

In practice, most leaders use both task-oriented and people-oriented styles ofleadership.

Servant Leadership

This term, coined by Robert Greenleaf in the 1970s, describes a leader who is often notformally recognized as such. When someone, at any level within an organization, leads

simply by virtue of meeting the needs of his or her team, he or she is described as aservant leader.

In many ways, servant leadership is a form of democratic leadership, as the whole teamtends to be involved in decision-making.

Supporters of the servant leadership model suggest it is an important way ahead in aworld where values are increasingly important, in which servant leaders achieve poweron the basis of their values and ideals. Others believe that in competitive leadershipsituations, people practicing servant leadership will often find themselves left behind byleaders using other leadership styles.


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Mark Zuckerberg :-

Mark Elliot Zuckerberg(born May 14, 1984) is an American computerprogrammer and Internet entrepreneur. He is best known as one of four co-foundersof the social networking site Facebook. Zuckerberg is the chairman and chiefexecutive of Facebook.Born and raised in New York state, he took up writingsoftware programs as a hobby in middle school, beginning with BASIC, with helpfrom his father and a tutor (who called him a "prodigy"). In high school, he excelled inclassic literature and fencing while studying at Phillips Exeter Academy.

He later enrolled in Harvard, majoring in computer science and sociology. In hissophomore year he wrote a program called Facemash as a "fun" project, lettingstudents on the college's network vote on other students' photo attractiveness. It wasshut down within days, but would become a template for his writing Facebook , aprogram he launched from his dormitory room. With the help of friends, he tookFacebook to other campuses nationwide and soon after moved to Palo Alto,California. By 2010, the site had an estimated 500 million users worldwide.Zuckerberg has since been involved in various legal disputes initiated by others whohave claimed a share of the company's profits due to their help in setting it up.

Since 2010 Zuckerberg has been named among the 100 wealthiest and mostinfluential people in the world by Timemagazine's Person of the Year, In 2010 afictionalized account of Zuckerberg creating Facebook while in college and its laterstart-up phase was made into a movie dramatization, The Social Network.


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Bill Gates :-

William Henry "Bill" Gates III(born October 28, 1955) is anAmerican business magnate, computer programmer and philanthropist. Gatesis the former chief executive and current chairman of Microsoft, the worldslargest personal-computer software company, which he co-founded with PaulAllen. He is consistently ranked among the PEOPLEand was the wealthiest

overall from 1995 to 2009, excluding 2008, when he was ranked third; in 2011he was the wealthiest American and the second wealthiest person. During hiscareer at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief softwarearchitect, and remains the largest individual shareholder, with 6.4 percent of

the common stock. He has also authored or co-authored several books.

Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution.Gates has been criticized for his business tactics, which have been considered anti-competitive, an opinion which has in some cases been upheld by the courts.[In thelater stages of his career, Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors,donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientificresearch programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, established in2000.

Gates stepped down as chief executive officer of Microsoft in January 2000. He

remained as chairman and created the position of chief software architect. In June2006, Gates announced that he would be transitioning from full-time work atMicrosoft to part-time work, and full-time work at the Bill & Melinda GatesFoundation. He gradually transferred his duties to Ray Ozzie, chief softwarearchitect, and Craig Mundie, chief research and strategy officer. Gates's last full-timeday at Microsoft was June 27, 2008. He remains at Microsoft as non-executivechairman.


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types of leadership qualities with examples

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