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TYPES OF ENERGY and Energy Conversions Mechanical, Electromagnetic, Electrical, Chemical, Nuclear, and Thermal

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What is Mechanical Energy? o Energy due to an objects motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins!

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Examples of Mechanical Energy

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What is Electromagnetic Energy? o Light energy o Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands

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What is Electrical Energy? o Energy caused by the movement of electrons o Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy

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What is Chemical Energy? o Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck.

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Examples of Chemical Energy

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What is Thermal Energy? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.

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What is Nuclear Energy? The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy.

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What is Nuclear Fission? When the nucleus splits (fission), nuclear energy is released in the form of heat energy and light energy (nuclear bombs!).

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What is Nuclear Fusion? The suns energy is produced from a nuclear fusion reaction in which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei. Nuclear energy is also released when nuclei collide at high speeds and join (fusion).

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Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is the most concentrated form of energy. Our closest Nuclear Power Plant is Vogtle Nuclear Electric Generating Plant in Augusta (where the Masters Golf Tournament is held). This plant converts nuclear energy into electromagnetic energy.

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Energy Conversion Energy can be changed from one form to another. Changes in the form of energy are called energy conversions. All forms of energy can be converted into other forms. The suns energy through solar cells can be converted directly into electricity. Green plants convert the suns energy (electromagnetic) into starches and sugars (chemical energy). The most common energy conversion is the conversion between potential and kinetic energy.

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Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride.

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Other energy conversions In an electric motor, electromagnetic energy is converted to mechanical energy. In a battery, chemical energy is converted into electromagnetic energy. The mechanical energy of a waterfall is converted to electrical energy in a generator.

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Energy Conversions In an automobile engine, fuel is burned to convert chemical energy into heat energy. The heat energy is then changed into mechanical energy.

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Chemical Heat Mechanical What types of energy are represented below?

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The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy can be neither created nor destroyed by ordinary means. It can only be converted from one form to another. If energy seems to disappear, then scientists look for it leading to many important discoveries.

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Law of Conservation of Energy In 1905, Albert Einstein said that mass and energy can be converted into each other. He showed that if matter is destroyed, energy is created, and if energy is destroyed mass is created. E = MC 2

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QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY

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QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transformed into what type of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY

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QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

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What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy (Dont forget friction)

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What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy

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What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy

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What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy)

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What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy

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Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.

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Energy Transfer Chemical Electrical Sound (mechanical) Light (Electromagnetic) Thermal Mechanical