types of energy
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These are the notes for Types of EnergyTRANSCRIPT
Energy The forms and Nature of…
What is Energy?
The Ability to do work or cause change.Produce warmthProduce LightProduce Sound
Produce Movement
Produce Growth Powers
Technology
Nature of Energy• Energy is all around you.
• You hear energy as sound, you see energy as light,
• you can feel energy in wind.
• Living organisms need energy for growth
• and movement.
• You use energy when you hit a tennis ball,
• compress a spring, or lift a grocery bag.
• Energy is the ability to do work
States or Classes of Energy
Potential Kinetic
Stored energy or energy of position
Gravitational, stored mechanical, Nuclear, chemical
Energy of Motion
Motion, Electrical, Sound, Radiant,
Thermal
What is Potential Energy?
oEnergy that is stored and waiting to be used later
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
o Potential energy due to an object’s position
o P.E. = mass x height x
gravity
Don’t look down, Rover!
Good boy!
Changes in gravitational potential energy
For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:
If an object falls will it gain or lose gravitational potential energy?
If an object moves up will it gain or lose gravitational
potential energy?
GPE=Wh
We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for a moving object using the formula below:
Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height
GPE=Wh
GPE measured in Joules (J)
Weight measured in Newtons (N)
Height measured in Metres (m)
Potential Energy•Stored Mechanical
•Chemical
•Nuclear Energy
What is Kinetic Energy?
o Energy an object has due to its motion
o K.E. = .5(mass x speed2)
KE=½m(v)²
We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object using the formula below:
Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2
KE=½mv2
KE measured in Joules (J)
Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg)
Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms)
Forms of Energy
•Mechanical•Thermal•Chemical
ElectricalElectromagneticNuclear
Energy can be transferred, or
converted, from one form to
another!
What is Mechanical Energy?
o Energy due to an object’s motion
(kinetic) or position (potential).
The bowling ball has mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred
to the pins!
Mechanical Energy
•Energy of motion or position•Sound, wind, waterfall, compressed spring•KE or PE•Not 100% efficient much lost to heat
Examples of Mechanical Energy
What is ElectromagneticEnergy?
o Light energy
o Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light,
infrared rays, microwave and
radio bands
Electromagnetic Energy•Light is a form of electromagnetic energy.•Each color of light (Roy G Bv) represents a different amount of electromagnetic energy.
•energy that travels in waves; have electrical and magnetic properties
•Electromagnetic Energy is also carried by X-rays, radio waves, and laser light.
What is Electrical Energy?
o Energy caused by the movement of
electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines and converted into other forms of
energy
Electrical Energy
•Moving electrical charges that produce electricity and energy.
Static ShockLighteningComputers/TVs/
RadiosLights from batteries, power lines,
lightning
What is Chemical Energy?
o Energy that is available for release from
chemical reactions.
The chemical bonds in a matchstick
store energy that is transformed into thermal energy
when the match is struck.
Chemical Energy
•Energy stored by chemical bonds in an object.
•When bonds are broken energy is released.
•PE only
•gasoline, food, coal, wood
Examples of Chemical Energy
Heat/Thermal Energy•The internal motion of an objects atoms and molecules.•Measured by temperature.•The faster particles move, the more thermal energy they have.•KE only
What is Thermal Energy?o Heat energy
o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are.
A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid
movement.
A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less
movement.
Heat Energy• The internal motion of the atoms is
called heat energy, because moving particles produce heat.
• Heat energy can be produced by friction.
• Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form of matter.
Nuclear Power
• Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom RELEASED by fission
or fusion
SunStarsNuclear
Power Plant
Nuclear Energy
•Energy stored in center(nucleus) of an atom•Fission (breaking apart)•Fusion (forming)•The sun•Most powerful•The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy.•PE only
QUIZ TIME!What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven?ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven?MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
What energy transformation occurs
when an electric lamp is turned on?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical, Mechanical andElectromagnetic Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy
• Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a SYSTEM from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.
Energy Transfer
Chemical
Electrical
Electrical
Electrical
Sound(mechanical)
Light(Electromagnetic)
ThermalMechanical