types of economies. who and why? who makes economic decisions? who owns resources? who provides...
TRANSCRIPT
TYPES OF ECONOMIES
WHO AND WHY?
Who makes economic decisions? Who owns resources? Who provides goods and services?
Why?
Either ... or ...FREE MARKET ECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMY(PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHOmakes economic decisions?
WHY?
Either ... or ...FREE MARKET ECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMY(PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHOmakes economic decisions
The market: -supply and demand -sellers-buyers-producers –consumers
The state
WHY? -to allow competition and thus make the economy more efficient↓
-to provide better quality products at lower costs
-to redistribute wealth in the country more fairly-to care for public needs
Group the following expressions: government interference privately-owned companies market mechanism market reliance state-owned companies central planners laissez-faire government-run business central planning system privately-run companies government intervention USSR
PLANNED E. vs. MARKET E.
government interference
state-owned companies
central planning government
intervention USSR
market mechanism market reliance privately-owned
companies privately-run
companies laissez-faire
... or both...FREE MARKET ECONOMY(FREE ENTERPRISE ECONOMY)
COMMAND ECONOMY(PLANNED ECONOMY)
MIXED ECONOMY
WHOmakes economic decisions
The market: -supply and demand -sellers-buyers-producers –consumers
The state Both the market and the state
WHY -to allow competition and make the economy more efficient-to provide better quality products at lower costs
-to redistribute wealth in the country more fairly-to care for public needs
To benefit from both economic systems
Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the market economy as opposed to the command economy (R: p.13). - Assignment
FREE MARKET ECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMY(PLANNED ECONOMY)
advantages
disadvantages
“The market has a keen ear for private wants, and a deaf ear for public needs.” (R. Heilbroner)
MIXED ECONOMY
PUBLIC SECTOR VS. PRIVATE SECTOR
Who provides goods and services?Why? (What is their interest?)
What do the two sectors consist of?
WHO AND WHY?
PUBLIC SECTOR VS. PRIVATE SECTOR
The government, local authorities (e.g. municipalities, counties)
Care for socially important issues of public interest (e.g. protecting environment, consumers, education)
Less profitable and unprofitable businesses
Private owners
Making a profit
Profitable businesses
WHAT DOES IT CONSIST OF?
PUBLIC SECTOR VS. PRIVATE SECTOR
State services: e.g. education, defence, social welfare, public safety, utilities
Government-owned industries: e.g. public corporations* (e.g. electricity company)
Municipal enterprises: local government, e.g. bus company
Privately-owned companies
The division is not always so clear ...
PRIVATE S.→PUBLIC S. →PRIVATE S. → ?...
nationalisationdenationalisation
privatisation
... and there may be cases of cooperation ....
PPP
nationalisation vs. privatisationAre the following arguments in favour of nationalisation or
privatisation?
1. The sale of an industry raises money for the government.
2. Competition makes an industry more efficient.3. It is socially right.4. These companies are more likely to innovate and
develop desirable products than these owned by … .
5. The government has a better control of the economy.
6. Consumers are offered more choice and better quality.
7. An industry is more efficiently managed by that sector.
What is privatization, anyway? (Read the text, find answers - R:p.24)
in the broadest sense
contractor seek though leap state enterprise issue vouchers general public
auctions public stock
offering contradictory goals raise money attract layoffs proponents argue
Homework:1. R: p.27a) fill in b)heading for each pg. 2. MK:pp.129 and 130
Compare the two texts The Role of Government: Galbraith vs.FriedmanMake clearly structured notes based on the two texts. (Use graphics to show the structure:e.g., bullet points, vs., etc., …)-Wed group: TO BE SUBMITTED IN CLASS (HANDWRITTEN)
Free market economy or state intervention in times of crisis (1)?
“Ten short days saw the nationalisation, failure or rescue of what was once the world’s biggest insurer, two of the world’s biggest investment banks, and two giants of America’s mortgage markets”
“The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the sale of Merrill Lynch to Bank of America”
“government rescue of American International Group (AIG)”
The Economist, 20 Sept 2008
Free market economy or state intervention in times of crisis (2)?
“Regulation is necessary and much must now be done to improve the laws of finance”:
better oversight more transparency supervision of giants accounting that values risk better safer financial transactions
(derivatives)The Economist, 20 Sept 2008