type 2 diabetes mellitus (2)

7/27/2019 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2)

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T YPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Instructor:Associate Professor Dr. Wannee DeoisresStudent:

Nguyen Thi Mai HuongID: 55910286



Objectives After this class participant will be able to:

1. Define the definition the type 2 diabetes disease2. Understand the cause of type 2 diabetes3. Identify the symptoms, and complications of type 2

diabetes4. Understand type 2 diabetes management



DEFINITION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of

disorders characterized by variable degrees of insulinresistance, impaired insulin secretion, increased glucoseproduction, and abnormal fat metabolism

(Jameson, 2010)



THE RELATED CAUSES

+ The metabolic syndrome+ Overweight+ Over 40 years of age+ Closely related to people with diabetes

+ Women who had gestational diabetes or who had largebabies in previous pregnancies.

(Dunning, 2009)



THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES

Insulin, a hormone that regulates the body’s use of glucose(blood sugar), is released by the cells of the pancreas whichare called the islets of Langerhans.

The causes of type 2 diabetes related to the metabolism in thecell

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRVaryEQOVk



THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES The causes of type 2 diabetes include:

Mutation of the gene synthesizes IRS proteinMutation of the insulin receptor ENPP-1Mutation of the glucose receptor GLUT-4Excess fat




Mutation of the gene synthesizes IRS proteinIRS Protein can not phosphorylate insulin glucose to accumulate in the extracellular space

increases glucose levels in the blood

IRS protein: Insulin receptor substrate protein




Mutation of the insulin receptor ENPP-1ENNP-1 cannot let insulin through glucose andinsulin to accumulate in the extracellular space increases glucose and insulin levels in the blood

ENNP-1: Ecto-nucleotidepyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 protein




Mutation of the glucose receptor GLUT- 4GLUT – 4 can not transport glucose into the cell

glucose to accumulate in the extracellular space increases glucose levels in the blood

GLUT-4 : Glucose transporter type 4 protein




Excess fatCRPN-10 cannot enough for break down fat fatto accumulates in the extracellular spaceobstructing the channels of ENPP-1 and GLUT-4 this causes an accumulation of fat, glucose andinsulin in the extracellular space increase glucose,insulin and fat in the blood.

CRPN-10: Calpain-10 protein



THE SYMPTOMS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES + Main symptoms:

Increase thirsty feeling

Increase hunger feelingFrequent urination

+ Complications symptoms



Hypoglycemia:< 3.0mmol/L

(<54 mg/dL)



Hyperglycemia:> 10 mmol/L

(>180 mg/dL)



ACUTE COMPLICATION Infections: dental disease, candidiasis and urinary tract

infections

Fat atrophy/ hypertrophy and insulin allergy



COMPLICATIONS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES

Long-term complicationsMacrovascular disease or disease of the major blood

vesselsMicrovascular disease or disease of the small vesselsNeuropathyComplications of pregnancy



CONTROL BLOOD GLUCOSE

Regular:Monitoring blood glucose and should recorder every day

MedicineDietExerciseMeet doctor



Monitoring blood glucoseand should recorder every day

Medicine



Diet



S HOUT

NOT EAT



S HOULD EAT LITTLE SWEET FRUIT

Limited

ect



Exercise

Meet doctor



P REVENT HYPERGLYCEMIA



Long-term complications Attention signs or symptoms of the body and come to meet

doctor.

type 2 diabetes mellitus (2)

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