type 1 diabetes insulin dependent and most severe, pancreas no longer produces insulin. type 2...
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Silent Disease
Raul Lopez
Northern Arizona University
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Type 1 Diabetes
Insulin dependent and most severe, pancreas no longer
produces insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes
Diet regulated and pill form pharmaceuticals.
Gestational Diabetes
Pregnancy based diabetes primarily high risk at 24 weeks of pregnancy.
Disease and condition
Diabetes Mellitus
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The body is not recognizing body produced insulin, the pancreas
increases production to compensate (type 2 diabetes).
The insulin produced by the pancreas is no longer recognized by
the body (Type 1 diabetes).
Due to the insulin production problems with the pancreas, the
kidneys have to work harder to produce hormones for the pancreas
insulin production. Ultimately affecting the kidneys.
Diabetes attacking the body
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Urinating often
Feeling very thirsty
Feeling very hungry even though you are eating
Extreme fatigue
Blurry vision
Cuts and bruises are slow to heal
Numbness/tingling to hands or feet
Gestational diabetes does not have same signs and symptoms.
Signs and symptoms of diabetes
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Liver problems
Kidney failure
Pancreatic issues
Neuropathy (loss of feeling to limbs)
Limb amputations
Vision problems
Problems associated with diabetes
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Americans 25 or older who die approximately 17 percent
have diabetes (Engelgau et al, 2004).
Indicated by Center for Disease and Prevention fact sheet
2011, diabetes was a contributing factor in 71,382 deaths in
2007.
Projected prevalence from 14% in 2010 to 21% of US
population will have diabetes by 2050 (Boyle et al, 2010).
United states prevalence
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<10 10-19 years old0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Type 2Type 1
Rate of New cases of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes among youth 2002-2005
Source: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
RATE per 100,000 per year
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According to the 2007 death registry in Mexico type 2
diabetes is the second leading cause of death.
It is estimated that the diabetic population will increase a
conservatively 2.1% between 2010-1030 (Shaw et al 2010).
The principal cause of death in Mexican women is diabetes
(Rull et al 2005).
Diabetes in mexico
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Gender
Ethnicity (According to Lopez and Grant 2012 Latinos are
predisposed).
Age (Elder population).
Lifestyle (obesity attributed to a sedentary lifestyle).
Family history (Genetics).
Affected in the us
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United States Prevalence
Source: data360.org
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Females (Schultz et al 2006).
Age ( 65 and over)
Lifestyles (Obesity and sedentary lifestyle)
Lower socioeconomic status.
Affected in mexico
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Pills (i.e. Glipizide, metformin, gliburide etc.)
Diet and exercise
Insulin shots (i.e. Humolog, Lantus, Novolog etc.)
Insulin pump ( direct insulin insertion to body)
Prevention and treatment
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Diabetic treatment in th US
Insulin only 12%Insulin and oral med-ication 14%Oral medication only 58%No medication 16%
Source: 2007-2009 National Health Interview Survey
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American Diabetes Association (2010). Definition and
description of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 33(1), 62-69.
doi: 10.2337/dc10-S062
American Diabetes Association. (2014, February 28). Symptoms.
http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/symptoms/?
loc=db-slabnav
References
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Boyle, J. P., Thompson, T. J., Gregg, E. W., Barker, L. E., &
Williamson, D. F. (2010). Projection of the year
2050 burden of diabetes in the us population:
Dynamic modeling of incidence, mortality, and diabetes
prevalence . Population Health Metrics, 8(29), 1-12.
References cont.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National
diabetes fact sheet: national estimates and general
information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United
States, 2011. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, 2011.
References cont.
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Engelgau, M., Geiss, L., Saaddine, J., Boyle, J., Benjamin,
S., Gregg, E., Tierney, E., & Imperatore, G. (2004).
The evolving diabetes burden in the united
states. Annals of Internal Medicine, 140(11), 945-950.
References cont.
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Feng, B., Fang-fang, J., & Hai-feng, W. (2013). The
impact of hyperglycemic emergencies on the kidney and
liver. Journal of Diabetes Research, 1-11. doi:
10.1155/2013/967097
Lopez, L., & Grant, R. W. (2012). Closing the gap:
Eliminating health care disparities among latinos
References cont.
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with diabetes using health information technology
tools and patient navigators. Journal of Diabetes
Science and Technology, 6(1), 169-176.
Rull, J., Aguilar-Salinas, C., Rojas, R., Rios-Torres, J.,
Gomez-Perez, F., & Olaiz, G. (2005).Epidemiology of
type 2 diabetes in mexico. Archives of Medical
References cont.
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Research, 36(3), 188-196.
Schultz, L., Bennett, P., Ravmussin, E., Kidd, J., Kidd, K., Esparza,
J., & Valencia, M. (2006). Effects of traditional and western
environments on prevalence of type 2 diabetes in pima indians
in mexico and the us. Diabetes Care, 29(8), 1866-1871.
Shaw, J. E., Sicree, R. A., & Zimmet, P. Z. (2010). Global estimates of
References cont
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the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 87(1), 4-14.
Yaturu, S. (2013). Insulin therapies: Current and future
trends at dawn. World Journal of Diabetes, 4(1), 1-7.
References cont.