National Fire Administration, Ministry of the Interior

Standard for Installation of Fire Safety Equipments Based on Use and OccupancyPublished under Order Tai(78)-Nei-Ching-Tzu No.715824 of the Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China on July 31st, 1989.

All the 198 articles, as amended, published under Order Tai(85)-Nei-Hsiao-Tzu No.8573803 of the Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China on March 13th, 1996.

Articles 12, 14, 19, 23, 24, 157, 160 and 198, as amended, published under Order Tai(88)-Nei-Hsiao-Tzu No.8875925 of the Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China on September 1st, 1999.All the 239 articles, as amended, published under Order Tai-Nei-Hsiao-Tzu No.0930090559 of the Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China on March 13th, 2004.Articles 12, 28, 40, 57, 58, 146, 176, 180, 186, 188, 189, 235, 236, 238 as amended, published under Order Tai-Nei-Hsiao-Tzu No.0950826190 of the Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China on Deccember 15th, 2006Part 1 General Provisions

Article 1. This Standard is enacted pursuant to Article 6.3 of the Fire Act (hereinafter referred to as the Act).

Article 2. This Standard shall govern setting and maintenance of fire safety equipments in various places, except where it is recognized by the central fire regulating authority, after related certificates were submitted to the authority, that it is really difficult to apply this Standard due to special purpose or construction of the place or because other fire techniques, methods or equipments of the same or higher legal effect are applied.

Article 3. Before to use the fire safety equipments for which no domestic national standards has been made or cant be tested at home, necessary documents like foreign standards, report of examination (which may be made either at home or abroad), and qualified test certificates or specification certificates shall be submitted to the central fire regulating authority for approval.

Items of the above-mentioned fire safety equipments that need approval and the necessary documents will be determined by the central fire regulating authority otherwhere.

Part 2 Fire Protection Design

Article 4. Terms used in this Standard are defined as follows:1. Multi-purpose building: refers to a building that has two or more purposes as listed in Articles 12.1~4, and the multiple purposes are not subject to a main purpose in management or usage mode. The judgment basis shall be determined by the central fire regulating authority other where.2. No-opening story: each storey of the buildings wherein the area of opening for refuge and fire fighting doesnt meet the following requirements:

(1) For a storey above the 11th floor, the total area of round holes with an inscribed diameter more than 50cm shall occupy 1/30 of the floor area of the storey. (2) For a storey under the 11th floor, the total area of round holes with an inscribed diameter more than 50cm shall occupy 1/30 of the floor area of the storey, and there must be at least two round holes with an inscribed diameter more than 1m or openings with a width more than 75cm and a height more than 120cm.3. High risk working place: a place where the warehouse storing common flammable solid substances is higher than 5.5m, or where the steam pressure of flammable liquid substance is less than 2.8kg/cm2 or 0.28Mpa when the flash point doesnt exceed 60 or 37.8, or a place for manufacturing, storing or processing high-pressure gas, petrochemical operating place, operating place of wood processing industry and paint operating place, etc. 4. Moderate risk working place: a place where the height of the warehouse that stores common flammable solid substance doesnt exceed 5.5m, or where the flash point of flammable liquid exceeds 60, or working place of light industry.5. Low risk working place: a place where there are flammable substance, but the quantity is few, the burning extends small, and the burning velocity low, and only able to cause minor fire.6. Refuge indicating lamp: an indicating lamp that indicates refuge exit or direction.

An effective opening as mentioned in Article 4.2 may be any of the following:1. The distance between the lower end of the opening and the floor is less than 120cm.

2. A passage with the opening facing toward the road or with width more than 1m.

3. There is no barrier on the opening and no construction or stumbling block encumbering refuge inside the passage.4. The opening can be opened from outside or easily broken for entering the room. The thickness should be less than 6 millimeter if the opening is window or door made by glass.

Definitions of terms in architecture technical specifications, public hazardous substances and flammable Pressurized Gases shall apply to the terms as provided in the Standard of Architecture Technology and Regulations and Public Hazardous Substances & Flammable Pressurized Gases Establishment Standards & Safety Control Procedures.

Article 5. An unit of occupancy that is partitioned from another by no-opening walls and floor with performance higher than one-hour fire rating pursuant to architectural technical specifications shall be regarded as another unit subject to the provisions in this Standard.Buildings linked by corridors which meet the following requirements shall be regarded as different units of occupancy.

1. The corridor is used only as a passageway or used for conveyance and without any obstacle when passing through it.

2. The effective width of the corridor is less than 6m.

3. The distance between buildings should be more than 6m for the first floor and over 10m for the second floor or above.

Buildings in accordance with the followings shall be exempted from the restrictions of the previous item 3:

1. Exterior walls and roof at a distance less than 3m to the corridor are made by fireproof structure or nonflammable materials.

2. The previous mentioned Exterior walls and roof have no openings. But those, which have openings less than 4 m2 installed with fireproof windows or doors having performance higher than half-hour fire rating, shall be excluded.

3. The corridor is open to air or accords with the followings:

(1) Made by fireproof structure or nonflammable materials.

(2) The opening between the corridor and buildings on both sides shall be less than 4 m2, With fireproof doors that have a fire resisting period at least half an hour.

(3) With opening opened directly to the outside or with the smoke control equipment. The later isnt effective to those having auto sprinkler system.

The opening and emmission mechines mentioned in previous 3(3) should be in accordance with the followings:

1.The openings opened directly to the outside should be more than 1 m2 in total and satisfy the followings:

(1) The width is at least 1/3 of the corridors width if it is made on the roof or ceiling and length is more than 1m.

(2) The width is at least 1/3 of the corridors length if it is made on the outer wall and height is more than 1m.

2.The emission machine shall discharge smoke effectively and safely to the outside and shall be connected to the emergency source.

Article 6. Where a multi-purpose building used for places listed in Article 12.5 has other purposes as described in other clauses and subclauses of the same article, provisions in this Standard except Articles 17.1 (4) and (5), 19.1 (4) and (5), 21.2, 149.2 and 3, 152.2 and 157 shall apply. And the total floor area shall be accounted up as a single place by unit of each subclause.

Article 7. Fire safety equipments in various places include the following:

1. Fire extinguishing equipments: refer to appliances or equipments extinguish fire using water or other extinguishing mediums.

2. Fire alarm equipments: refer to appliances or equipments informing about occurrence of fire.

3. Refuge and escape equipments: refer to appliances or equipments used for escape on occurrence of fire.

4. Necessary equipments for fire rescue: refers to appliances or equipments necessary for fire fighters to fight the fire.

5. Other fire safety equipments recognized by the central fire regulating authority.

Article 8. Fire extinguishing equipments include the following

1. Fire extinguisher, fire sand.

2. Indoor fire hydrant

3. Outdoor fire hydrant

4. Automatic sprinkler system

5. Water fog fire extinguishing equipments.

6. Foam fire-extinguishing equipment.

7. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipments.

8. Dry chemicals fire extinguishing equipments.

Article 9. Fire alarm equipments include the following:

1. Automatic fire alarm equipments.

2. Manual alarm equipments.

3. Emergency broadcasting equipments

4. Automatic alarm equipments for gas leakage.

Article 10. Refuge and escape equipments include the following:

1. Indicating equipments: exit indicating lamp, refuge direction indicating lamp, refuge indicating lamp

2. Refuge appliances: sliding platform, refuge ladder, refuge bridge, salvage bag, automatic descending life line, refuge cord, sliding bar, etc.

3. Emergency lighting equipments

Article 11. Necessary equipments for fire rescue include the following:

1. Connecting water-delivery pipe

2. Fire water pool

3. Smoke control equipments (smoke control equipments inside emergency elevator and special safety stairway, and indoor smoke control equipments).

4. Emergency power socket

5. Wireless communication auxiliary equipments

Article 12.Places are classified into the following categories pursuant to use and occupancy:

1. Class A

(1) Movie screening venues (theaters, cinemas), music halls, ballrooms, night clubs, clubs, beauty parlors (tourist parlors and audio-video parlors, etc), massage parlors, video viewing halls (MTV, etc), audio-visual sing-along halls (KTV, etc), bars, pubs, and liquor stores (clubs).

(2) Bowling alleys, billiard halls, assembly halls, fitness and recreation centers (including facilities offering Shiatsu massage services, sauna rooms, and other weight-loss and body toning facilities), indoor pitch and putt golf course, game-playing ground, electronic game centers, and information recreation grounds.

(3) Tourist hotels, hostels, inns, and rest houses (limited to lodging houses only).

(4) Commercial establishments, markets, department stores, supermarkets, retail markets, and exhibit halls.

(5) Restaurants, food and beverage stores, coffee shops, and tea houses.

(6) Hospitals, sanitarium, long-term care institutions, nursing care institutions, respite care institutions, service institutions for the elderly (limited to daycare, temporary care, short-term protection and shelter facilities), infant nursery centers, early intervention institutions, settlement and education institutions (limited to institutions sheltering infants under 2 years of age), nursing homes, postpartum nursing care centers, welfare service institutions for the handicapped (limited to board and lodging, daycare, temporary, and short-term care facilities), vocational training institutions for the handicapped (limited to board and lodging establishments and facilities employing special equipment), and special schools for the blind, the deaf, and the mentally handicapped.

(7) Sauna houses and public bathhouses.

2. Class B

(1) Bus stations, airport buildings, harbor waiting rooms

(2) Future commodities agencies, stock exchange centers, and financial institutions

(3) Schools classrooms, after-school nersery centers, supplementary learning centers, training facilities, study halls, and settlement and education institutions, and vocational training institutions for the handicapped other than those set forth in Item (6) of the preceding Subparagraph.

(4) Libraries, museums, galleries, exhibit halls, libraries of historical relics, memorial halls, and similar establishments.

(5) Temples, ancestral halls, churches, columbaria, and other similar establishments.

(6) Offices, shooting ranges, clinics, community rehabilitation centers, psychological guidance institutions for children and youth or home counseling institutions, employment service institutions for the handicapped, recreation centers for the elderly, service institutions for the elderly and welfare service institutions for the handicapped other than those set forth in Item (6) of the preceding Subparagraph.

(7) Collective residential buildings, boarding houses and halfway houses.

(8) Gymnasiums and activity centers

(9) Indoor skating rinks and indoor swimming pools

(10) Movie studios and TV signal relay facilities

(11) Warehouses and furniture display and sales centers

(12) Kindergartens and nursery schools.

3. Class C

(1) Telecommunication machine room.

(2) Garage and maintenance centers, aircraft repair shops, and hangars.

(3) Indoor parking centers and legitimate parking areas of building structures.

4. Class D

(1) High risk workplaces

(2) Moderate risk workplaces

(3) Low risk workplaces

5. Class E

(1) Multi-purpose buildings that cater to functions prescribed in Subparagraph 1 of this Article.

(2) Multi-purpose buildings that cater to functions other than those prescribed in Subparagraph 2 to the preceding Subparagraph.

(3) Underground building

6. Class F

(1) Forest farms

(2) Public transportation means

7. Other facilities ratified by the central fire regulating authority.Article 13. On occurrence of extension, reconstruction or alteration of purposes, the standards before extension, reconstruction or alteration of purposes shall still apply all the same. However, in case of any of the following, standards after extension, reconstruction or alteration of purposes shall govern:

1. The fire safety equipments are extinguisher, automatic fire alarm equipments, manual alarm equipments, emergency broadcasting equipments, indicating equipments, refuge appliances and emergency lightings.

2. The area of the proportion of extension or reconstruction after the amendment and issue of this Standard on July 1, 1996 amounts to 1,000m2 or accounts for of the total floor area.

3. The purpose of building is changed to Class A.

4. The fire safety equipments, prior to alteration, dont meet the fire safety requirements prescribed before alteration.Article 14. Fire extinguisher shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Class A places, underground building, kindergarten, and nursery.

2. Class B, C, and D places with the total floor area not less than 150m23. Various places located in underground floors or overground floors without openings, and the total floor area not less than 50m2.

4. Various places where projection room, transformer, switchboard or other similar electric equipments are installed.

5. Various places where there are boiler room, kitchen and other equipments using fire in large amount.

6. Public transportation tools.

.

Article 15. Indoor hydrant shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Buildings less than 5 storeys: used for the purposes listed in 12.1 (1), and the floor area of each storey is more than 300m2; used for the purposes listed in 12.1 but other than in 12.1(1) and 12.1~4, and the floor area of each storey is more than 500m2; or used as school classrooms, the floor area of each storey is more than 1400m2.

2. Buildings with more than 6 storeys: used for the purposes listed in 12.1~4, and the floor area of each storey is more than 150m2.

3. Underground buildings with a total floor area more than 150m2.

4. Underground storey or no-opening storey: used for the purposes listed in 12.1(1), and the floor area is more than 100m2; used for the purposes listed in 12.1 but other than in 12.1(1) and 12.1~4, and the floor area of each storey is more than 150m2.In the above-mentioned places where the indoor hydrant shall be equipped, if equipments like automatic sprinkler (with aided sprinkler), water fog, foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemicals extinguishing equipments or outdoor hydrant have been installed pursuant to this Standard, it is allowable that indoor hydrant is not installed in the effective range of the foresaid equipments. Where there is an outdoor hydrant, it is allowable that indoor hydrant is not installed on the first and the second floor in the effective range of the foresaid outdoor hydrant if the horizontal distance of the first floor is less than 40 m and the walk distance of the second floor less than 40m.

Article 16. Outdoor hydrant shall be equipped in the following places:

1. High risk working place where the building and storage area is more than 3,000m2.

2. Moderate risk working place where the building and storage area is more than 5,000m2.

3. Low risk working place where the building and storage area is more than 10,000m2.

4. Where there are three risk levels and the area of each risk level doesnt reach the standard in the former three clauses, but the sum of the actual area of each risk level divided by the standard area is greater than 1.5. The horizontal distance between the outer walls of the buildings that are located in a same building base and made of wood or other flammable materials and the central line is less than 3m for the first floor and 5 m for the second floor, and the floor area of all 1st and 2nd floors is more than 3000m2.

In the above-mentioned places where outdoor hydrant shall be equipped, if equipments like automatic sprinkler, water fog, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, etc have been installed under this Standard, it is allowable that outdoor hydrant is not installed in the effective range of the foresaid equipments.

Article 17. Automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in the following places or storeys:

1. Buildings less than 10 storeys: used for the purposes listed in 12.1 (1), the floor area of each storey is more than 300m2; used for the purposes listed in 12.1 but other than 12.1(1) and in 12.2 (1), the floor area of each storey is more than 1500m2.

2. Buildings more than 10 storeys: the floor area of each storey is more than 100m2.

3. Underground storey or no-opening storey: used for the purposes listed in 12.1, the floor area is more than 1000m2.

4. Buildings more than 10 storeys used for the purposes listed in 12.1 or 12.5 (1).

5. Storeys in buildings used for the purposed listed in 12.5 (1), where the total floor area of Class A places reaches 3000m2 or more.

6. Overhead warehouses in places used for the purposes listed in 12.2 (11) where the storey height is more than 10m and the floor area is more than 700 m2.7. Underground buildings with the total floor area more than 1,000m2.8. High-rise buildings

In the above-mentioned places where automatic sprinkler system shall be equipped, if equipments like water fog, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, etc have been installed under this Standard, it is allowable that automatic sprinkler system is not installed in the effective range of the foresaid equipments.

Article 18. Water fog, foam, dry powder, or carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment shall be selectively installed in the places as shown in the table below. Where the area of openings (usually opened) on outer wall accounts for over 15% of that very floor area, the foresaid fire extinguishing equipments shall employ movable mounting.

ItemPlaceWater fogFoamCarbon dioxideDry powder

1Helipad on housetop

2Airplane back shop or hangar where the floor area is not less than 200 m2.

3Garage or indoor parking area: on the first floor, the floor area is not less than 500 m2; on underground floor or the second floor or above, the floor area is not less than 200 m2; on housetop, the floor area is not less than 300 m2.

4Over-and-under mechanic parking area that can accommodate not less than 10 cars

5Generator room, transformer room, and places containing other similar electric equipments with a floor area not less than 200 m2.

6Boiler room, kitchen and other places where fire is used in large amount, with a floor area not less than 200 m2.

7Telecommunication machine room, computer room, or telephone exchanger room or other similar places with a floor area on less than 200 m2.

8Engine laboratory, petrol laboratory, printing house, and other similar dangerous working places with a floor area not less than 200 m2.

Note:

1. A place where fire is used in large amount means where the maximum total consumption heat amounts to 30 million kcal/h.

2. Where automatic sprinkler system is installed in a kitchen and the oil smoke-discharging pipe and fume hood are equipped with simple automatic fire extinguishing devices, this table may not apply.

3. Where the cars are parked in a row in a parking area and they can run out the door at the same time, this table may not apply.

4. Pre-action automatic sprinkler system shall be used in the places listed in Item 7 of the table.5. The carbon dioxide extinguisher cannot be applied to the central control room at where uncertain or certain persons stay at during a normal day.

Article 19. Automatic fire alarm equipments shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Buildings with not more than 5 storeys: used for the purposes listed in 12.1 and 12.2(12), the floor area of each storey is not less than 300m2; used for the purposes listed in 12.2~4 (except 12.2(12)), the floor area of each storey is not less than 500m2.

2. Buildings with more than 5 but less than 11 storeys where the floor area of each storey is not less than 150m2.

3. Buildings with more than 10 storeys.

4. Underground storey or no-opening storey: used for the purposes listed in 12.1(1) and (5) and 12.5, the floor area is not less than 100m2; used for the purposes listed in 12.1 but other than 12.1(1) and in 12.2~4, the floor area of each storey is not less than 300m2.

5. Buildings used for the purposed listed in 12.5 (1), where the total floor area reaches 500 m2 or more, among which the area of Class A places accounts for 300m2.

6. Buildings used for the purposes listed in 12.1 and 12.5 (3), where the total floor area reaches 300 m2 or more.

In the above-mentioned places where automatic fire alarm equipments shall be equipped (except Class A places, underground buildings, high-rise buildings and places where smoke detector shall be equipped), if automatic sprinkler, water fog or foam fire extinguishing equipments (enclosed nozzle with labeled temperature lower than 75 and action time within 60s only) have been installed pursuant to this Standard, then it is allowable that automatic fire alarm equipment is not installed in the effective range of the foresaid equipments.Article 20. Manual alarm equipments shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Buildings with more than 2 storeys where the floor area of each storey amounts to 200m2 or more.

2. Places listed in 12.1 (3).

Article 21. Automatic alarm equipments for gas leakage shall be equipped in the following places where gas is used:

1. Underground storeys used for the purposes listed in 12.1 where the total floor area amounts to 1,000m2 or more.

2. Underground storeys used for the purposes listed in 12.5 (1) where the total floor area amounts to 1,000m2 or more, among which the total floor area of Class A places accounts for 500m2 or more.3. Underground buildings with a total floor area not less than 1,000 m2.

Article 22. Emergency broadcasting equipments shall be equipped in the buildings where automatic fire alarm equipments or automatic alarm equipments for gas leakage have been installed according to Article 19 or Article 21.

Article 23. Indicating equipments shall be installed pursuant to the following provisions:

1. Exit indicating lamps shall be equipped in places used for purposes listed in 12.1, 12.2 (12), 12.5(1) and (3), underground storeys, on-opening storeys, and places in buildings with more than 10 storeys used for other purposes listed in Article 12.

2. Refuge direction indicating lamps shall be equipped in places used for purposes listed in 12.1, 12.2(12), 12.5(1) and (3), underground storeys, no-opening storeys, and places in buildings with more than 10 storeys used for other purposes listed in Article 12.

3. Refuge indicating lamps: all places shall be equipped with refuge indicating lamps. However, in places where refuge direction indicating lamps or exit indicating lamps are equipped, it is allowable that refuge indicating lamps be not equipped in the effective range of the foresaid equipments.

It is allowable that indicating equipments be not equipped where it is recognized by the central fire regulating authority as a place easy to escape.

Article 24. Emergency lighting equipments shall be equipped in the following places.

1. Living rooms in places used for purposes listed in 12.1, 12.3 and 12.5

2. Living rooms in places used for purposes listed in 12.2(1), (2), (3) (except school classroom), (4)~(6), (8), (9), and (12).

3. Living rooms in buildings with a total floor area amounting to 1,000m2 or more (except school classroom).

4. Living rooms in buildings with an effective daylighting area less than 5% of the floor area.

5. Aisle, stairway, and passage necessary for escaping from living rooms to refuge, and other proportions need manual lighting in places mentioned in the above 4 clauses.

It is allowable that emergency lighting equipments are not equipped where it is recognized by the central fire regulating authority as a place easy to escape or provided with effective daylighting.

Article 25. Refuge appliances like slide escape, emergency ladder, escape bridge, escape chute, escape sling, refuge cord, sliding bar or other equivalent approved by the central fire regulating authority shall be equipped selectively in each storey except refuge storey and those higher than 10 storeys, unless it is recognized by the central fire regulating authority that there is no stumbling blocks that encumber refuge and escape.

Article 26. Connecting water delivery pipe shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Five or six-storey buildings with a total floor area amounting up to 6,000m2 or more, and buildings with more than 6 storeys.

2. Underground buildings with a total floor area amounting up to 1,000 or more.

Article 27. Fire water pool shall be equipped in the following places:

1. Various buildings where the base area amounts up to 20,000m2 or more and the floor area of each storey amounts to 1,500m2.

2. Various buildings where the height exceeds 31m, and the total floor area amounts up to 15,000 m23. Where there are two or more buildings on a same building ground, the horizontal distance of the outer wall between the buildings from the central line is less than 3m on the first floor and less than 5m on the second floor, and the total floor area of the first and the second storeys of the buildings amounts up to 10,000m2 or more.

Article 28. The installation of smoke exhaust equipment is required for the following places:

1. Places prescribed in Article 12 Subparagraph 1 and Subparagraph 5, Item (3), having a total floor area of at least 500 m2.

2. Living rooms having a floor area measuring at least 100 m2, where area of the effective ventilation located within 80-cm under the ceiling is less than 2% of the total floor area of the living room.

3. A non-opening story having a floor area measuring at least 1,000 m2.

4. Places prescribed in Article 12 Subparagraph 1, Item (1) and assembly halls prescribed in Item (2) containing a stage measuring at least 500m2.

5. Where vestibules of special refuge stairways or emergency elevators are installed pursuant to the requirements of the Building Technical Regulations.

A separate assessment shall be permitted in the event of additions, reconstructions, or alterations, where the floor area of the aforesaid places are within a building structure compartmented by one- hour fire resistance rated fire walls, fire separation assemblies, such as fire doors and fire windows, which are regularly kept closed, and fire resistance rated floor. The fire separation assemblies installed shall have a thermal insulation capacity of at least one hour.

Article 29. Emergency power sockets shall be equipped in the following places in public buildings:

1. Each storey in buildings with 11 or more storeys

2. Underground buildings with a floor area amounting up to 1,000 m2 or more.

3. Emergency hoistway equipped according to architectural technical specifications.

Article 30. Wireless communication auxiliary equipments shall be equipped in undergroud floor of 100m or higher buildings, or underground buildings with a total floor area amounting to 1,000 m2 or more.Part 3 Fire Safety Equipments

Chapter 1 Fire Extinguishing Equipments

Section 1 Fire Extinguisher and Indoor Fire Hydrant Equipments

Article 31. Fire extinguisher shall comply with National Standard No.1387 (hereinafter called CNS) and meet the following requirements:

1. Fire extinguisher shall be equipped according to the potential fire characteristics of the place, and the minimum fire extinguishing efficiency shall be calculated following the provisions below:

(1) In places listed in 12.1 and 12.5, there shall be a unit fire extinguishing efficiency for every 100m2 of the floor area (including the last proportion less than 100m2) on each floor.

(2) In places listed in 12.2~4, there shall be a unit fire extinguishing efficiency for every 200m2 of the floor area (including the last proportion less than 200 m2) on each floor.

(3) In boiler room, kitchen and other places where fire is used in large amounts, there shall be a unit fire extinguishing efficiency for every 25m2 of the floor area (including the last proportion less than 25 m2) on each floor.

2. There shall be a unit fire extinguishing efficiency for every 100 m2 of the floor area in movie projection room and other places where electric equipments are used.

3. On a storey where there is a fire extinguisher, the travel distance from any point of the living rooms on the floor to the fire extinguisher shall be not more than 20m.

4. Fire extinguishing equipments shall be located in obvious places convenient for fetching, and a 24cmX8cm or larger indicating plate marked with Fire Extinguisher in white text on red background shall be set up nearby.

5. For a fire extinguisher hanging on the wall or placed inside a fire extinguisher box, if the weight of the extinguisher is 18kg or more, the distance from the upper end to the floor shall be not more than 1m; if the weight is less than 18kg, the distance shall be not more than 1.5m.

6. Each public transportation tool or each compartment shall be equipped with a fire extinguisher.

Article 32. Piping and fittings for indoor hydrant and roof water tank shall be equipped pursuant to the following provisions:

Piping

(1) Piping systems should be used for dedicated purposes, but if they are used togher with outdoor fire hyfrants, auto sprinkler system, hoses and other extinguishing facilities and its funcion can be realized individually, the matching pipes arent required to use for the special purposes.

(2) One of the following requirements should be met:

CNS6445 piping and 4626 pressure piping should be the carbon steel pipes and 6331 piping should be the stainless steel pipes or equivalent with the same intension, corrosion resistance and thermal resistance or above.

Synthetic resin pipe with its tightness, intension, corrosion resistance, weatherability, thermal resistance and other performances authorized by the central fire regulating authority.

(3) The pipes diameter should be determined by the hydraulic calculation. But if it is used with the hoses, the diameter of the standpipes shoud be over 100 mm.

(4) As for the dameter of the standpipes, the type hydrant is required to be over 63 mm and the second one be over 50 mm.

(5) Standpipes should be installed in places where they are unlikely to be damaged or it is difficult for fire to reach.

(6) Standpipes should be connected to roof tank, gravity or pressure tank, and be full of water during the normal day.

(7) Effective quakeproof measures are required.

Hydraulic seal indictes the on-off state in a clear way and check valve indicates the direction of flow and comply with CNS.

Roof Tank

(1) Water quantity in tank should be more than 0.5m3 for the type I hydrant and 0.3m3 for the type II one. But if it is used togther with other extinguishing facilities, the quantity should be kept to the maximum.

(2) Effective quakeproof steps are required.

(3) No tank is required to be installed on a sloping roof.Article 33. Upon completion of installing indoor fire hydrant equipments, pressurization test shall be made under a test pressure not less than 1.5 times the total closed pumping lift of the pressurization and driving device. If leakage doesnt occur after the test pressure lasts for two hours, the equipments shall be regarded as qualified.

Article 34. Except that the places listed in 12.2 (11) or 12.4 shall be equipped with Type I hydrants, other places shall be quipped with Type I or II hydrants pursuant to the following provisions:

1. Type I hydrant shall be equipped according to the following provisions:

(1) The horizontal distance from any point on each floor to the hydrant shall be less than 25m.

(2) In any storey, when all the hydrants are used simultaneously, the aimer discharging pressure of each hydrant shall be more than 1.7kgf/cm2 or 0.17Mpa and the water output more than 130kg/min. But where there are more than two hydrants totally, it shall be supposed two are used simultaneously for calculation.

(3) One hydrant with a caliber of 38mm or 50mm, two pieces of 15m-long water hoses with a caliber of 30mm or 50mm and equipped with quick connectors, a set of hose frame and a line water fog two-purpose aimer with a caliber over 13mm shall be equipped in a hydrant box. But where the horizontal distance from the hydrant connector to any point of the building is less than 15m, two pieces 10m-long water horses may be equipped.

2. Type II hydrant shall be equipped according to the following provisions:

(1) The horizontal distance from any point on each floor to the hydrant shall be less than 15m.

(2) In any storey, when all the hydrants are used simultaneously, the aimer discharging pressure of each fire hydrant shall be more than 2.5kgf/cm2 or 0.25Mpa, and the water output more than 60kg/min. But where there are more than two hydrants totally, it shall be supposed two are used simultaneously for calculation.(3) One hydrant with a caliber of 25mm, 20m-long water hose, and a set of hose frame and a line water fog two-purpose aimer shall be equipped in a fire hydrant box. And the aimer shall be equipped with an operable switching device.The above-mentioned hydrants shall comply with the following provisions:

1. The height of hydrant switch from the ground shall be more than 0.3m and less than 1.5m.

2. Hydrants shall be located nearby aisle or fireproof stairway, convenient for fetching.

3. In gathering or amusement places, hydrants shall be located at the two sides of stage and behind auditoria, and behind loge.

4. At least one testing outlet shall be equipped at appropriate locations on the roof, and marked with Testing Water Outlet. But if it is difficult for a sloping roof to install a testing outlet, the outlet isnt required.

Article 35. Indoor hydrant box shall comply with the following provisions:

5. The box shall be made of steel sheet with a thickness more than 1.6mm or the equivalent of nonflammable materials.

5. The box shall be deep enough to contain hydrants, hose and nozzle, and the surface area shall be more than 0.7m2.

5. The box surface shall be marked with obvious text Fire Hydrant that is unlikely to be brushed off, and each character shall be bigger than 20cm2.

Article 36. The capacity of indoor fire hydrant equipments shall be not less than the quantity of all the fire hydrants on the floor that has the most indoor fire hydrants continuously discharging for 20 minutes. However, if the total number of fire hydrants on the floor is more than 2, then 2 shall be used as the total number.

Where fire water is used mixed together with common water, necessary measures shall be taken to ensure the capacity of the former water source are in the effective range.

Water source for fire extinguisher may be equipped together with water sources for other fire extinguishing equipments, but the total capacity shall be not less than the sum of the necessary water quantity required by fire extinguishing equipments.

Article 37. Water source equipped under Article 36 shall be connected with pressurization and driving device in accordance with the following clauses:

1. Gravity tank shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) There shall be nilometer, drainpipe, overflow discharging pipe, feedwater pipe, and inlet.

(2) The necessary drop height of water tank for Type I hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary drop height = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + 17 (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + 17m

(3) The necessary drop height of water tank for Type II fire hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary drop height = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + 25 (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + 25m

2. Pressure tank shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) There shall be pressure gauge, nilometer, drainpipe, feedwater pipe, air supply pipe, air compressor, and inlet.

(2) The air in water tank shall be more than 1/3 of the capacity of the tank, and the pressure more than the necessary pressure of using fire hydrant at the highest point of the building to maintain the prescribed discharging water pressure. Automatic pressurization can be made when the pressure and liquid level inside the tank lower down. Air compressor and pressurizing pump shall be connected to emergency power source.

(3) The necessary drop height of water tank for Type I hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary pressure = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 1.7 (Unit: kgf/cm2)

P = P1 + P2 + P3 + 1.7kgf/cm2(4) The necessary pressure of water tank for Type II fire hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary pressure = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 2.5(Unit: kgf/cm2)

P = P1 + P2 + P3 + 2.5kgf/cm23. Fire pump shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) For Type I fire hydrant, water output of fire pump shall be more than 150L/min each fire hydrant, and for Type II fire hydrant, more than 70L/min each fire hydrant. However, if the total number of fire hydrants exceeds 2, the 2 shall be used as the total number.

(2) The total pumping head of fire pump for Type I fire hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the following formula:

Total pumping head = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 17m (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + h3 + 17m

(3) The total pumping head of fire pump for Type II fire hydrant shall be not less than the value computed using the following formula:

Total pumping head = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 25m (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + h3 + 25m

(4) The pumps shall be used dedicatedly. However, they may be used together with other fire extinguishing equipments if this has no harmful effect on the performance of the equipments. (5) They shall be connected to emergency power source.The above-mentioned pressurized type water supply system shall be equipped except the gravity tank pursuant to the following provisions:

1. They shall be located in places convenient for repair and unlikely to be damaged by fire.

2. Pressurized type water supply system used with fire pumps shall be separated by walls which can resist the fire for at least one hour, floorslab, fireproof doors or windows and other fireproof facilities. But if it is located in the roof or outdoors and protected by waterproof materials, such devices are excluded from the obligation in this provision.3. Automatic or manual actuating device that can be only stopped manually shall be equipped. Manual actuating device shall be installed in each indoor fire hydrant box, and there shall be a red start indicating lamp on each indoor fire hydrant box.

4. Necessary decompression measures shall be taken when the discharging pressure of an indoor fire hydrant exceeds 7kgf/cm2.5. Effective quakeproof steps shall be required. Article 38. Generator or battery shall be used for the emergency power source of indoor fire hydrant, and the power capacity shall be able to enable the power source to work for at least 30 minutes.

In places listed in 12.4, engine power system shall be used for the above-mentioned emergency power source.

Section 2 Outdoor Fire Hydrant Equipments

Article 39. Articles 32.1 (1)~(5), 32.1 (7), 32.2, 33 and 38 shall apply to piping, pressure test and emergency power source of outdoor fire hydrant equipments.The exposure part of the horizontal main pipes should be less than 20 m, other than satisfy the previous requirement, and the direction of flow and pipes name should be marked clearly.

Article 40. The following requirements shall be observed in the construction of outdoor hydrants:

1. Hydrant diameter shall measure at least 63 mm and location of it shall be within a 40-meter radius of the outer walls of the building ground floor.

2. Nozzle discharge pressure shall be at least 2.5 kg/cm2 or 0.25 MPa, and discharge flow rate shall be at least 350 L/min.

3. The outdoor hydrant switch shall not exceed the maximum height of 1.5 meters above ground and be above the minimum height of 0.6 meter above ground. Where the hydrant is installed underground, the fire hose joint position shall be at least 0.3 meter above ground.

4. A fire hose house shall be located within a 5-meter radius of the hydrant and meet the following requirements:

(1) The fire hose house shall be deep enough to contain fire hoses and nozzle. Drainage holes shall be installed on both sides of the house base. Moreover, the cover of the fire hose house shall have an area of at least 0.8 m2.

(2) The house cover shall be indelibly marked with Fire hose in visible text. Each word shall measure at least 20cm2.

(3) The fire hose house shall contain at least two pieces of fire hoses having a length of at least 20 meters and a diameter of 63 mm, one dual-purpose beeline spray nozzle with a diameter of at least 19 mm, and a valve-type hydrant switch.

5. The space within a 3-meter radius of the outdoor hydrant shall always be kept vacant and free from piled objects, trees, or shrubbery. Visible signs saying Hydrant shall be installed near the hydrant location.Article 41. The capacity of outdoor fire hydrant equipment shall be not less than the water output of two outdoor fire hydrants discharging simultaneously for 30minutes.

Where fire water is used mixed together with common water, necessary measures shall be taken to ensure the capacity of the former water source are in the effective range.

Water source for fire extinguisher may be equipped together with water sources for other fire extinguishing equipments, but the total capacity shall be not less than the sum of the necessary water quantity of each fire extinguishing equipment.

Article 42. Water source equipped under Article 41 shall be connected to pressurization and driving device in accordance with any clause of the following:

1. Gravity tank shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) There shall be nilometer, drainpipe, overflow discharging pipe, feedwater pipe, and inlet.

(2) The necessary drop height of water tank shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary drop height = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + 25 (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + 25m2. Pressure tank shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) There shall be pressure gauge, nilometer, drainpipe, feedwater pipe, air supply pipe, air compressor, and inlet.

(2) The air in a water tank shall be more than 1/3 of the capacity of the tank, and the pressure over the necessary pressure of using fire hydrant at the highest point of the building to maintain the prescribed discharging water pressure. Automatic pressurization shall be made when the pressure and liquid level inside the tank lower down. Air compressor and pressurizing pump shall be connected to emergency power source.

(3) The necessary pressure of water tank for Type I fire hydrant shall be more than the value computed using the formula below:

Necessary pressure = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 2.5 (Unit: kgf/cm2)

P = P1 + P2 + P3 + 2.5kgf/cm23. Fire pump shall comply with the following provisions:

(1) Water output of fire pump shall be more than 400 L/min each fire hydrant. However, if the total number of fire hydrants exceeds 2, the 2 shall be used as the total number.

(2) The total pumping head of fire pump shall be more than the value computed using the following formula:

Total pumping head = water head loss by fire hose friction + water head loss by matching pipe friction + drop height + 25 (Unit: m)

H = h1 + h2 + h3 + 25m

(3) The pumps shall be used dedicatedly. However, they may be used together with other fire extinguishing equipments if this has no harmful effect on the performance of the equipments.(4) They shall be connected to emergency power source.Provisions of 37.2(1)~(3) and 37.2(5) shall apply to the above-mentioned pressurization and driving device except gravity tanks, and effective decompression measures shall be taken when the discharging pressure of outdoor fire hydrant aimer exceeds 6kgf/cm2 or 0.6Mpa.Section 3 Automatic Sprinkler system

Article 43. Any of the following automatic sprinkler system may be equipped optionally according to the actual circumstance. But only open type can be equipped in stages of the places listed in 12.1(1) and of conference room listed in 12.1(2)..

1. Enclosed wet type: pipes are filled with high-pressure water at other times, and water nozzles immediately on motion of the nozzle.

2. Enclosed dry type: pipes are filled with high-pressure air at other times, and water is sprayed after the air is discharged upon starting of the nozzle.

3. Open type: there is no water in the pipe at other times, and water flows into the pipe after the valve is opened.

4. Pre-action type: pipes are filled with low-pressure air at other times; senor is used to actuate water flow detecting device, and water sprays immediately on motion of the nozzle.

5. Other types recognized by the central fire regulating authority.

Article 44. Piping and fittings of automatic sprinkler system and roof tank shall comply with Article 32.1 and 32.2 and meet the following provisions:

1. Preservation treatment like zincification etc shall be made to the secondary side matching pipe of water flow detecting device for enclosed dry type or pre-action type, as well as the secondary side matching pipe of deluge valve.

2. The secondary side matching pipe of water flow detecting device of enclosed dry or pre-action type shall be equipped pursuant to the following provisions for ensuring effective drainage.

(1) Brach pipe shall incline 4cm every 10m, and main pipe 2cm every 10m.

(2) Drain valve shall be equipped obviously, and marked with Drain Valve.

3. The quantity of water in a roof tank shall be not less than 1m3 where standpipe is connected to the roof tank.

Article 45. On completion of automatic sprinkler system, pressurization test shall be made pursuant to Article 33. But air compression test shall be made to pipe system of enclosed dry type automatic sprinkler system. During the test, the air pressure remains at 2.8kgf/cm2 or 0.28Mpa for 24 consecutive hours. If the air leakage is less than 0.1kg/cm2 or 0.01Mpa, the product is qualified.

Article 46. Nozzle shall be equipped pursuant to the following provisions:

1. On stages and in property rooms of theater, ballroom, nightclub, singing room, conference hall and other show places, as well as projection room of cinema and warehouse of flammable materials, the horizontal distance from any point to the nozzle shall be less than 1.7m.

2. Buildings not included in the previous clause should be equipped pursuant to the following provisions:

(1) Standard sprinkler head (type II sensitivity): the horizontal distance from any point on each floor to the sprinkler head shall be less than 2.1m. But in fireproof buildings, the figure could be increased to 2.3m.(2) Fast response sprinkler head (type II sensitivity): the horizontal distance from any point on each floor to the sprinkler head shall be less than 2.3m. But in fireproof buildings, the figure could be increased to 2.6m.3. The living rooms, wards and other similar places listed in Article 12.1 (3), 12.1 (6), 12.2(7) and 12.5(1) shall be equipped with sprinkler heads dedicated to small partition approved (only the type I sensitivity can be applied). And the horizontal distance from any point to the nozzle shall be less than 2.6m and the protecting area of any nozzle shall be less than 13m2.

4. The living room listed in the previous clause, its corridors, aisles and other similar places shall be equipped with sidewall sprinkler head (only the type I sensitivity can be applied). The horizontal distance between the both sides of wall surface and the nozzle shall be less than 1.8m and distance between the front of wall and the nozzle less than 3.6m.

5. Places approved by the central fire regulating authority to store a large amount of flammable materials shall be equipped with water spray nozzles if the height of its ceiling is over 6m and other places also be equipped with this kind of nozzle if the height of the ceiling is over 10m. 6. In underground buildings, if the height from ceiling to floor is 50cm or more, both the ceiling and the floor shall be equipped with nozzles, and the horizontal distance from any point to the nozzle shall be less than 2.1m. However, it is allowable that ceiling decorated with inflammable materials is not equipped with nozzles.The water nozzle of overhead warehouse mentioned in Article 1 (6) shall be installed pursuant to the following provisions:

1. The nozzles installed on shelves should comply with the following requirements:

(1) The horizontal distance from any point to the sprinkler head shall be less than 2.5m and the nozzles should be installed staggerly.

(2) One sprinkler head shall be at least provided to the places which store cotton, plastic, wooden and paper products, fiber goods and other flammable materials for every 4m heigh, and one at least installed for every 6m heigh if the places store other materials. (3) If the materials stored block the spraying from sprinklers, another sprinkler head shall be installed to the below such materials.

(4) Heat-absorbing plates shall be installed in accordance with Article 47.2. But if the sprinkler heads dedicated to racks approved by the central fire regulating authority has been installed, heat-absorbing plates isnt required.

2. If the sprinkler heads are located in the ceiling or floor, except mentioned in the previous clause, the horizontal distance from any point of the ceiling or floor to a sprinkler head shall be less than 2.1m.

Article 47. Nozzle shall be located pursuant to the following provisions:

1. Axle center of the nozzle shall be vertical to mounting surface.

2. The space within 45cm under the deflector of nozzle and within horizontally 30cm shall be kept vacant.

3. Where deflector of enclosed nozzle is installed under the ceiling, the distance between the two shall be less than 30cm.

4. Where deflector of enclosed nozzle is installed under the beam, the distance between the deflector and the beam bottom shall be less than 10cm, and the distance between the deflector and the floorslabs or ceiling less than 50cm.

5. Where the mounting surface of enclosed nozzle is divided and surrounded by beam with a net height of 40cm or more or other similar constructions, each division shall be equipped with nozzle unless the interval between the beams or similar constructions is less than 180cm.

6. Where enclosed nozzle is used and the height of air pipe or other obstacles exceeds 120cm, nozzle shall also be equipped under the air pipe or other obstacles.7. Sidewall sprinkler heads shall comply with the following requirements: The distance between the nozzle and mounting surface (wall) shall be less than 15m.

The distance between the deflector and ceiling or floor shall be less than 15m.

The space within 45m under the deflector or horizontally shall be kept vacant.

8. Where there is a beam aside, the enclosed nozzle shall be equipped pursuant to the table below:

Net distance between nozzle and beam side (cm)7475~99100~149150

Height of deflector above beam underside (cm)091429

Where the distance between the deflector of the nozzle mentioned in the above 47.7 and the ceiling or floorslabs is more than 30cm, an absorber plate shall be equipped pursuant to the following provisions:

1. The absorber plate shall be made of metal materials, and the diameter shall be not less than 30cm.

2. The distance between deflector and absorber plate shall be not more than 30cm.

Article 48. Enclosed-type nozzles shall comply with National Standard CNS No.11254; and nozzle of certain rated temperature shall be selected according to the maximum ambient temperature of the mounting position and following the table below:

Maximum ambient temperatureRated temperature