[tutorial] power saving techniques for optical access€¦ · typical ftth power consumption per...

[Tutorial][Tutorial]Power Saving Techniques for

Optical Access

March 5, 2012

J i hi K iJun-ichi KaniNTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories

NTT Corporation

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT Corporation

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OFC/NFOEC Technical Digest © 2012 OSA

Outline1. Introduction

Power consumption of optical access

E l G id li i J C d f C d t i E Ecology Guideline in Japan, Code of Conduct in Europe

2. ONU power saving in TDMA-PON systems

P h ddi Power shedding

Dozing and cyclic sleep – standardized functions

Other approaches Other approaches

3. Other power-saving methods in TDMA-PON systems

Adaptive Link Rate Control Adaptive Link Rate Control

Cooperation between OLTs and Ethernet Aggregators

4. Power-saving aspects of the next-generation PON candidates4. Power saving aspects of the next generation PON candidates

Architecture

Agile WDM technology

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT Corporation2

g gy

5. Summary

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Number of FTTH subscribers North America North America

Reference: FTTH Council “NORTH AMERICAN FTTH STATUS MARCH 31 2011”

World wide 61 million FTTH/B subscribers

t th d f 2010Reference: FTTH Council, NORTH AMERICAN FTTH STATUS - MARCH 31, 2011

8.4 million … condominium, 12.6 million … others

Japanat the end of 2010

197 million FTTH/B subscribers expected by 2015.12.6 million … others

FTTH/BDSL(IDATE, 09/06/2011)

An operator changed the counting method.

CATV

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT CorporationReference: An announcement from Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communications

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Power consumption of optical access Typical FTTH power consumption per subscriber 5 to 10 W Typical FTTH power consumption per subscriber = 5 to 10 W.

3.6 to 7.2 kWh per month. 0.8 to 1.6 % of the average household's power consumption per month, g p p p ,

which is e.g. ~450 kWh (Kyoto city, 2008).

197 million x 10 Watt = 1970 MWatt.But!

Central office Access and aggregation account ~80 % of the next-generation network.

Corresponding to four 500-MW power stations.

PONOLT EtherPONHG

(14 %)(7 %)(60 %)Central office

Core router

…

Optical splitter

OLTOptical splitter

agg.…ONUHG

A ( d ti ) t k C t k

Edge router

Access (and aggregation) network(81 %)

Core network(19 %)

A. Otaka, “Power saving ad-hoc report,” IEEE 802.3av, Sep. 2008.


Lower consumption yields longer service life with a back-up battery in case of power outage. Very important in providing the lifeline service

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Guidelines for power saving

Japan

E l id li f th ICT i d t Ecology guideline for the ICT industry

Established by ICT Ecology Guideline Council in Japan (Feb 2010).

Specifies power consumption guideline for transport equipment Specifies power-consumption guideline for transport equipment, broadband routers, layer-2 switches, PON equipment and broadband base station equipment.

Europe

Code of Conduct on Energy Consumption of Broadband Equipment – Version 4Equipment Version 4

Published by European Commission (Feb 2011).

Sets out the basic principles to be followed by all parties involved in p p y pbroadband equipment, operating in the European Community, in respect of energy efficient equipment.


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Target power: G-PON/GE-PON ONUJapanGE-PON ONUFigure of merit: P = average energy consumption (W) 3

P0 + P50% + P100%

Assessment scale P (W), 100Mbps UNI P (W), 1Gbps UNI

E 2.576 E 3.115

2 576 < E 2 944 3 115 < E 3 562.576 < E 2.944 3.115 < E 3.562.944 < E 3.312 3.56 < E 4.005

3.312 < E 3.68 4.005 < E 4.45

E 3 68 E 4 45

Must be achieved by the E > 3.68 E > 4.45achieved by the end of FY2012

EuroG-PON/GE-PON ONU/Idle-State: no traffic, On-State: 20 Mbit/s downstream, 5 Mbit/s upstream

DeviceTier 2011-2012:1.1.2011- 31.12.2012

Tier 2013-2014:1.1.2013 - 31.12.2014

Idle-State (W) On-State (W) Idle-State (W) On-State (W)

GPON ONU, Gigabit Ethernet UNI 3.0 5.5 2.5 4.0


gGE-PON ONU,

Gigabit Ethernet UNI 2.7 4.0 2.3 3.5

6

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Target power: G-PON/GE-PON OLTJapanGE-PON OLT, with 1Gbps SNIFigure of merit: E = average energy consumption (W) / total no. of lines

Assessment scale E (W/line), AC power source

E (W/line), DC power source

E 0.322 E 0.294

0.322 < E 0.368 0.294 < E 0.3360.368 < E 0.414 0.336 < E 0.378

0.414 < E 0.46 0.378 < E 0.42Must be

Euro

0.414 < E 0.46 0.378 < E 0.42

E > 0.46 E > 0.42Must be

achieved by the end of FY2012

0.42 x 32 = 13.44G-PON and GE-PON OLTFully equipped with maximum configuration implementing standard Layer-2

(Ethernet) aggregation functionalities, including Multicast

EquipmentTier 2011

(01.01.2011)Tier 2012

(01.01.2012)Tier 2013-2014(01.01.2013)

(W/port) (W/port) (W/port)


GPON OLT (2.5G/1G) 11 11 8EPON OLT (1G/1G) 9 7 7

7

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Architecture



g gy

5. Summary

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ONU power saving

ITU-T Recommendation Series G Supplement 45 “GPON power conservation” defines the following approachesconservation defines the following approaches. Power shedding: powering off or reducing power to non-essential

functions and services while maintaining a fully operational optical link. i ff f h f b l d f Dozing: powering off of the ONU transmitter for substantial periods of

time on the condition that the receiver remains continuously on. Sleeping: both ONU transmitter and ONU receiver are turned off for

substantial periods of time. Deep Sleep: the transmitter and receiver remain off for the entire

duration of the power save state sojourn.p j Fast Sleep (Cyclic Sleep): the power save state sojourn consists

of a sequence of sleep cycles, each composed of a sleep period and an active period.an active period.


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Power shedding

PON ONU

To power off or reducing power to non-essential functions and services while maintaining a fully operational optical link.

PON ONUSLIC

PON PON GG PON GEPON GE PON tPON tPON chip

PON TRxGbE

Phy

GG--PON, GEPON, GE--PON, etcPON, etc

RFRF--video overlayvideo overlay

GbE Phy

Video receiverRFRF video overlayvideo overlay

AC DC B k b tt

Video receiver

AC DCAC-DC Backup batteryAC-DC

Suitable for lengthening service life with a back-up battery in case of power outage.


ONU: Optical Network Unit, SLIC: Subscriber Loop Interface Circuits,

GbE: Gigabit Ethernet, PHY: PHYsical layer circuit.

10

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Dozing and cyclic sleep ONU deep sleep: l f i i i l ti di ti diffi lt ONU deep sleep: loss of incoming services: real-time diagnostics difficult.

PONOLT

PONONU OLTONU

Incoming callLink checkLink check

Dozing Makes the sending function sleep (keeps the receiving function

k )awake) in ONU. Cyclic Sleep Makes both sending/receiving functions sleep but wakes up periodically.

Cyclic sleep mode

TT

Ta: aware periodTs: sleep period

No traffic observed

State ofONU

g/ g p p p y

TsTa

Active

Traffic observedONU


Sleep

11

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What is standardized (1) ITU-T Recommendation G.987.3 “10Gigabit-capalble Passive Optical

Network (XG-PON): Transmission Convergence (TC) layer specifications (2010/10)” includes control messages and state transition(2010/10) includes control messages and state-transition diagrams for implementing Dozing and Cyclic Sleep in ONU.

The XG-PON function stack

ONU Service ONU Service

ONU OLTe G O u ct o stac

G.988 G.988

TC layer

Management and Control

ServiceEthernet

TC layer


ServiceEthernet

R i tTC layerService adaptationTDMA controlPhysical Layer OAM (PLOAM)

TC layerService adaptationTDMA controlPhysical Layer OAM (PLOAM)

RequirementsG.987.1

Optical fiberPhysical layer

y y ( )Framing/encryptionEncoding/decoding

Physical layer

y y ( )Framing/encryptionEncoding/decodingG.987.3 G.987.3


Optical fiber

Optical splitter

y yOptical transmission/reception

ys ca ayeOptical transmission/reception

G.987.2 G.987.2

<#>

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Control messages in G.987.3 XG PON TC layer frame structure

125 microsecond

XG-PON TC-layer frame structure

DownstreamAllocation

UpstreamAllocation

Time

XGTC header XGTC payload ......

PLOAMd Time

XGTC header

XGTC payloadDBRu XGTC

payloadDBRu XGTC trailer

ONU ID PLOAM Ind OHECPLOAMd PLOAM HLend BWmap PLOAMd P * 48 bytes

Allocation Structure 18 bytes

Allocation Structure 28 bytes

Allocation Structure N8 bytes

......

ONU-ID 10 bits

PLOAMu 0 or 48 bytes

Ind9 bits

OHEC13 bits

PLOAMd P * 48 bytes

PLOAMu 0 or 48 bytes

•BWmap length•PLOAM count•HEC

8 bytes 8 bytes 8 bytes

Alloc-ID14 bits

Flags2 bits

StartTime16 bits

GrantSize16 bits

Burst Profile2 bits

HEC13 bits

FWI1 bitFWI1 bit

Transmit or not transmit DBRu / PLOAMu

1. PLOAMd message; Sleep_Allow (Message type ID = 0x12)

Sends ON/OFF to an ONU or all ONUs, with PLOAM Sequence number optionally.

2. PLOAMu message; Sleep_Request (Message type ID = 0x10)

S d t i di ti k d li l

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT Corporation3. Bandwidth (BW) map; FWI (Forced Wakeup Indication) for each allocation

Sends a request indicating awake, doze, or cyclic sleep.

13

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Example of cyclic-sleep operationEventEvent ONU OLT

Active Held Awake ForcedSA(ON) !OLT-LWILSI

(OLT-LWI)(LWI) State EventStateEvent MessageONU OLT

( )

Awake FreeActive Free SR(Sleep)Sleep AwareTaware

Low Power Sleep

AsleepTsleep

T

(Grant)(R )

p

OLT-LWI

Sleep Aware

Asleep

Taware

Tsleep

(Response)

Alerted SleepSA(OFF)

SR(Awake)Sleep Aware

p

Awake ForcedActive Held


LWI: Local Wakeup IndicationLSI: Local Sleep Indication

SA: Sleep Allow SR: Sleep Request

TawareTsleep

Timers in the cyclic-sleep / dozing states.

14

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State-transition diagram (ONU)ONU stateONU state(1) Active Held: Awake in force.(2) Active Free: Allowed to sleep/doze.(3) Sleep Aware(3) Sleep Aware (4) Asleep(5) Doze Aware (6) Listen

In the sleep mode.

In the doze mode.(6) Listen

FWI: Forced Wakeup Indication l k d

SA: Sleep Allow l

Thold: Minimum sojourn time in (1).Ti i th li l /


LWI: Local Wakeup IndicationLSI: Local Sleep IndicationLDI: Local Doze Indication

SR: Sleep Request TawareTsleep


15

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State-transition diagram (OLT)

OLT State(1) Awake Forced:Forcing the ONU to be

awake.

(2) Awake Free:Allowing the ONU to sleep.

(3) Low Power Sleep:The ONU is sleeping.

(4) Alerted Sleep: Waking up the ONU.

(5) Low Power Doze:(5) Low Power Doze: The ONU is dozing.

(6) Alerted Doze: Waking up the ONUWaking up the ONU.

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT CorporationTeri: expires only when ONU violates the provisioned low power timing parameters.Talarted: expires only when ONU fails to wakeup upon OLT’s demand.

16

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Example of doze operationEventEvent ONU OLT

Active Held Awake ForcedSA(ON) !OLT-LWILDI

(OLT-LWI)(LWI) State EventStateEvent MessageONU OLT

( )

Awake FreeActive Free SR(Doze)Doze AwareTaware

ListenTsleepLow Power

DozeT

(Grant)(R )

OLT-LWISA(OFF)

Doze Aware

Listen

Taware

Tsleep

(Response)

Doze Aware Alerted DozeSR(Awake)

Awake ForcedActive Held


LWI: Local Wakeup IndicationLSI: Local Sleep Indication

SA: Sleep Allow SR: Sleep Request

TawareTsleep


17

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What is standardized (2) ITU-T Recommendation G.988 “ONU management and control interface (OMCI)

specification (2010/10)” includes a managed entity “ONU dynamic power management control” to set/get various parameters for ONU dozing g /g p gand cyclic sleep.

Get- ONU info such as support of

ONU Service ONU Service

ONU OLTG.988 G.988

ppeach mode, wake-up time.

Set- Enable/disable power save.

Th ld T l T (as a

TC layer


ServiceEthernet

TC layer


ServiceEthernet

- Thold, Tsleep, Taware (as a count of 125s GTC frames)

TC layerService adaptationTDMA controlPhysical Layer OAM (PLOAM)

TC layerService adaptationTDMA controlPhysical Layer OAM (PLOAM)Requirements

Optical fiberPhysical layer


Physical layer


G.987.1

G.987.3 G.987.3


Optical fiber

Optical splitter

y yOptical transmission/reception

ys ca ayeOptical transmission/reception

G.987.2 G.987.2

18

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SIEPON Power saving control for EPON (IEEE 802.3ah) and 10G-EPON (IEEE 802.3av)

is under discussion in IEEE P.1904.1 Service Interoperability of Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (SIEPON).

From PAR presentation by G. Kramer, Sept. 2009

Service model; BBF TR-156, WT-200 (TR-101 for G-PON & EPON)

In band FCAPS; BBF WT-155 (TR-069 for PON), WT-142

Multi-service QoS

• SLA and service provisioning• DBA• Service scheduling at OTL/ONU• Configuration and control of multi-cast

service

p y p

OAM Common OMCI; ITU-T G.988

Service requirement; ITU-T G.987.1

Configuration and control of P2MP connectivity

Multi service QoS mechanisms

System monitoring and diagnostics

service• (Common IF/model?)

•Optical link monitoring and diagnostics•Device monitoring and diagnostics•Fault detection and isolation•Common IF/model?

Regional/organizational specificationEPON MIB: RFC4837

Common Function

MPCP MPCP extension

and diagnosticsService Protection and RestorationPower utilization

mode

Common IF/model?

•Optical link protection and switching function•Equipment redundancy and dual homing•Configuration recovery function•Common IF/model?

Power utilization mode

RS:LLID

MCA: Ethernet Extended MAC Control Device and service management

…

Software/firmware update

PMD:1G/1G

PMA: Burst mode

PCS: 8B/10B, FEC

PMD: 10G/10G 10G/1G

PMA: Burst mode

PCS:64B/66B, FEC Security; 802.1AE

Authentication; 802.1x

…

Security; Regional/organizational

specification

PMD; Regional/

IEEE 802.3ah

IEEE 802.3av

In-scope specifications

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT CorporationKen-Ichi Suzuki, IEEE P1904. 1 SIEPON Working Group Piscataway meeting material, Feb 2010.

PMD:1G/1G(PX10,20)

PMD: 10G/10G, 10G/1G(PR10-30, PRX10-30)

; eg o a /organizational specification

ex. PX30 Other IEEE standards

19

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What is out of the scope The following things are out of the scope of ITU-T XG-PON

Recommendation series.

Algorithm/criteria to generate or not to trigger events such as FWI, LWI, LSI, LDI: to accommodate various operational policies.

Ti t k d hi h t/ i it t l t b l th Time to wake up, and which part/circuit to sleep: to balance the maximum delay in upstream and the power saving effect of ONU.

Parameter values for the timers, such as Taware and Tsleep: to , pleave flexibility in optimizing these values depending on the implementation.

Range of timers that can be set as per G.988.

Taware and Tsleep: 4 bytes to count 125-microsecond framesmax 149 hrs!… max 149 hrs!

Thold, Ttxinit, and Ttransinit: 2 bytes … max 8.19 seconds.

Tt i it: Transmitter initialization time (for doze)


Ttxinit: Transmitter initialization time (for doze), Ttransinit: Transceiver initialization time (for cyclic sleep).

20

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Sleep duration for an aggressive cyclic sleep

20 to 50 ms is a good range for efficient power savings.


J. Mandin, “EPON powersaving via sleep mode,” IEEE 802.3av Task Force Meeting, September 2008.

21

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Very Fast Sleep Control If the wake-up time is much less than the cycle of Dynamic Bandwidth

Allocation (DBA) in PON, the sleep control can be handled by the DBA algorithm rather than the sleep control messages.

Standford Univ and Fujitsu have proposed “Just-In-Time Sleep Control,” a DBA algorithm to align the timing between sending the upstreami l d i i h d i l i h ONUsignal and receiving the downstream signal in the ONU.

OLT upstreamd t GATE D t d t

Including a sleep duration & start time Upstream data Report

GATE

ONU

downstream

upstream

GATE Downstream data

Upstream data Report TRx sleep Wakeup

Including margin for clock drift

GATE

Shing-Wa Wong et al, “Demonstration of Energy Conserving TDM-PON with Sleep Mode ONU using Fast Clock Recovery Circuit,” OThW7, OFC/NFOEC 2010.

ONU upstreamdownstream GATE Downstream data

Upstream data ReportGATE

Fast CDR (Clock Data Recovery) with < 64 ns transition time for EPON ONU receiver, reported in the same paper as above.

Fast CDR (Clock Data Recovery) with 497 ns wakeup time for 10G-EPON


Fast CDR (Clock Data Recovery) with 497 ns wakeup time for 10G EPON ONU transmitter, reported by Mitsubishi.

N. Suzuki et al., “Dynamic Sleep-Mode ONU with Self-Sustained Fast-Lock CDR for Power Saving in 10G-EPON Systems,” We.8.C.4, ECOC 2011.

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Bit-Interleaved PON

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT CorporationP. Vetter, “GreenTouch Wireline Access WG Roadmap,” GreenTouch Forum, Seattle, Nov 2011.

<#>

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Architecture



g gy

5. Summary

24

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Other methods to save power in PON

(2) Advanced Link (1) ALRONU

(2) Advanced Link Aggregation

(1) ALR1G10G

10GbE or 100GbE

…

Giga PON, 10Giga PON

…10G OLT110G EA

… …

100GbE10G OLTn

g

…

(4) EEE for UNI (3) Energy-efficient configuration of OLT and EA (Ether agg.)

ALR: Adaptive Link Rate


EEE: Energy Efficient Ethernet (IEEE 802.3az)UNI: User Network Interface

25

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Adaptive link rate (ALR) controlE l i 10G EPON d tExample in 10G-EPON downstream

OpticalTransceiver

OLTOpticalTransceiver

ONU for ALR

1 Gbit/s @ 1490 nm

Logic

Transceiver

WDM

1G Rx

1G TxLogic

TransceiverALR

WDM

1G Tx

1G Rx

10 Gbit/s @ 1577 nm

gM

10G Tx

gM

10G Rx

Low link rate(e.g. low downstream rate)

High link rate(e.g. high downstream rate) Dual-threshold policy

Downlinkrate

1G link mode 10G link mode

wnl

ink

rate 10G

1G

10G 00

Dow

1thr 2thr r

1G

Copyright(c) 2012 NTT CorporationTime

1G Downstream rate

NM2K.1.pdf 26 1/23/2012 11:46:06 AM


Hybrid of cyclic sleep and ALR

21 thth rrii r : downstream ratei : frame inter-arrival time

Cyclic sleep mode

1thr2thr : threshold 2 of downstream rate: threshold 1 of downstream rate

1thi : threshold 1 of inter-arrival time

mode

rrii

21 thth rrii 2thrr

1sT2sT : sleep period 2: sleep period 1

21 thth rrii

11 thth rrii

TVariable sleep cycle

1G link mode 10G link mode2thrr

ALR

perio

d 2sTsT

11 thth rrii 1thrr 21 thth rrii

Hybrid mechanism: cyclic sleep function + ALR function 00

Slee

p

1sT

1thi 2hi i


0Frame inter-arrival time

1thi 2thi i

27

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Experiment – hybrid cyclic sleep and ALR

]ra

te [

Mb/

s]

100

10

owns

trea

m

1

0.1

0 01

10G ON

Do 0.01

0 2 4 106 8Time [s]

10G OFF

1G ON

1G OFF

Sleep ON

Sleep OFF

0.01 Mb/s 0.1 Mb/s 1 Mb/s 10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s


Cyclic sleep mode(mainly 100-ms sleep)

Cyclic sleep mode(10-ms sleep) 1G link mode 10G link mode

28

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Experiment – hybrid cyclic sleep and ALR

100%

A: sleep function with variable sleep period (Ts = 10 ms, 100 ms)B: hybrid mechanism with constant sleep period (Ts = 10 ms)C: proposed hybrid mechanism with variable sleep period (Ts = 10 ms, 100 ms)

60%70%80%90%

100%

panc

y of

stat

e

10GSaved power: Saved power:

10%20%30%40%50%

Tim

e oc

cup

ach

ON

U s 1G

Sleep

Saved power:C > A, B

Saved power:C = B > A

0%A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C

0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100Downstream rate for ONU 1 [Mb/s]

T e

1

10

100

lay

[ms]

A

0.01

0.1

vera

ge d

e ABC

Delay:C = A > B


0.0010.01 0.1 1 10 100

Downstream rate for ONU 1 [Mb/s]

Av

29

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Cyclic sleep operation in the experiment S i ll d fi d E t d d MAC t l d

: frame inter-arrival timei

Specially defined Extended MAC control messages were used. The variable sleep cycle was implemented in “Request” message.

A ti

OLTONU

Data

No traffic 1thii

: frame inter-arrival time: threshold 1 of inter-arrival time: threshold 2 of inter-arrival time

i1thi2thi

Active Request (T = Ts1)The OLT deactivates the ONUin the absence of downstreamtraffic.Sleep

ACK: sleep period 1: sleep period 2

1sT2sT

Cyclic sleep mode

Sleep( Ts1 )

Active( Ta )

Confirmation

Request (T = Ts2)

ACK

No traffic 2thii

Confirmation Traffic 1thii

( Ta )

Sleep( Ts2 )

ACK

If the ONU receives upstream traffic,

ActiveRequest (T = 0)

DataACK

Traffic

The OLT keeps the ONU activein the presence of downstreamtraffic.

1th


p ,the ONU enters the active moderegardless of OLT instructions.

traffic.

30

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ALR control in the experiment S i ll d fi d E t d d MAC t l d Specially defined Extended MAC control messages were used. The link-rate control function was implemented in “Request” message.

2thrr

OLTONU1G Data

: downstream rate: threshold 1 of downstream rate: threshold 2 of downstream rate

r1thr2thr

2th

Request (D = 10G)

ACK

1thrr 10G Data

Request (D = 1G)

1G Data

ACK

R Kubo J Kani H Ujikawa T Sakamoto Y Fujimoto N Yoshimoto H Hadama


R. Kubo, J. Kani, H. Ujikawa, T. Sakamoto, Y. Fujimoto, N. Yoshimoto, H. Hadama, “Study and Demonstration of Sleep and Adaptive Link Rate Control Mechanisms for Energy Efficient 10G-EPON,” J. Opt. Commun. Netw., Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 716-729, Sept 2010.

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Other methods to save power in PON

(2) Advanced Link (1) ALRONU

(2) Advanced Link Aggregation

(1) ALR1G10G

10GbE or 100GbE

…

Giga PON, 10Giga PON

…10G OLT110G EA

… …

100GbE10G OLTn

g

…

(4) EEE for UNI (3) Energy-efficient configuration of OLT and EA (Ether agg.)

ALR: Adaptive Link Rate


EEE: Energy Efficient Ethernet (IEEE 802.3az)UNI: User Network Interface

32

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Change in traffic of broadband users

Total traffic measured on a 2-hour basis (6 major ISPs in Japan). Total traffic is not high all the time.

– Excess power needs to be saved.

1200100%[Gbit/s]In May 2010

90075%

60050%

Traf

fic

Downstream

30025%

Downstream

00%Mon0:00 12:0

Teu0:00 12:0

Wed0:00 12:0

Thr0:00 12:0

Fri0:00 12:0

Sat0:00 12:0

Sun0:00 12:0

Upstream


Source: Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, “Understanding of Total Internet Traffic in Japan”, Sep. 2010.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NM2K.1.pdf 33 1/23/2012 11:46:06 AM


Decreasing EA power consumptionGiga PON

10GbE or 100GbE

…

ONUGiga PON,

10Giga PON

…OLT1 …

EAAdvanced

link OLTn

…

…

… EA1

aggregation

OLT2

… …OLTn+1

…… EA2

EA1：ACTEA1:ACTEA2：RestoreEA2：Sleep

EA1：ACT

OLT2n…

Sleep or awake

EA1：ACTEA2：FAIL

EA1:ACTEA2:SLP

EA2：Fail

Fail

esto

re

Fail

esto

re

Fail

EA2：Wake-up

EA1：ACTEA2：ACT

Realizingpower saving and

EA1：FAIL SW1：FAILEA2 ：Restore

EA1：

EA1：

Re

EA1：

EA1：

Re

EA1:FAIL

EA1： power saving and

resiliency


EA1：FAILEA2：ACT

SW1：FAILSW2：FAIL

EA2：Fail

EA1:FAILEA2:SLP EA2：Wake-up

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Minimizing delay Traffic monitoring and prediction prediction error causes queuing delay Traffic monitoring and prediction … prediction error causes queuing delay We have proposed pre-notification of traffic amount using information for dynamic

bandwidth assignment (DBA) in PON

data dataEA Rx data datadata data

Sleep and wake‐upcontrol

R RR R R RRx

OLTRx

Tx

data dataR R

G Gdata dataR R

G Gdata dataR R

G G

ONU1Rx

Tx dataR

GdataR

GdataR

G

ONU2Rx

TxTime

dataR

GdataR

GR

G

data

l l lG : Gate


DBA cycle DBA cycle DBA cycleR : Report

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Simulation – comparison of delay

Average traffic forecasting (max.)(Conventional)

4

4.5(Conventional)

3.5

4

ms]

Average traffic forecasting (ave )

2 5

3

dela

y [m

Pre-notification (max.)(Proposal)

Average traffic forecasting (ave.)(Conventional)

2

2.5d (Proposal)

1.50 5 10 15 20

Pre-notification (ave.)(Proposal)


Total traffic load of ONUs[Gbit/s]

36

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Comparison of utilization of EA2

100

60

80

EA2

[%]

Pre-notification

40

60

ion

of E (Proposal)

20

40

Util

izat

i

Average traffic forecasting(Conventional)

00 5 10 15 20

(Conventional)

0 5 10 15 20

Total traffic load of ONUs[Gbit/s]


S. Shimazu, J. Kani, N. Yoshimoto, H. Hadama, “Novel Sleep Control for EPON Optical Line Terminal employing Layer-2 Switch Functions,” Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM2010, SAC17, paper 3, 2010.

37

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Estimated power-saving effect

Estimated power consumption of the 10G-class access networkEstimated power consumption of the 10G-class access network, (a)without the power saving technologies, (b)with the power saving technologies assuming 70% and 30% traffic at one half and the other half a day respectively


and the other half a day, respectively, (c)with the power saving technologies assuming 10% traffic all day

38

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Architecture



g gy

5. Summary

39

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NG-PON2 study in FSAN

NG-PON2E Hi h t TDM

Candidate technologies include:

“Co-existence” enables gradual

E.g. Higher-rate TDM,DWDM, CDM, OFDM, etc.

NG-PON1 incl. l h tiC

apac

ity

Component R&D to enable NG-PON2technologies include:Higher-rate TDM-PON

WDM-PON

TWDM PONWDM option to enable to overlay multiple XGPONs

enables gradual migration in the same ODN.

long-reach optionC TWDM-PON

OFDM-PON

The total energy ffi i i

Splitter for NG-PON2(power splitter or something new)

G-PON

1G-EPON

XG-PON(Up: 2.5G to 10G,

Down: 10G)

efficiency is more influenced by network architecture than technology choice.

Now ~2010 ~2015

Power splitter deployed for Giga PON(no replacement / no addition)

Notes: 1) G–PON ONUs must comply with ITU–T G.984.5 Section 6 & 7 to allow coexistence.

technology choice.

y2) G–PON with a reach extender defined in G.984.6 (where used) should be able to follow this path as well with a possible need to update the reach extender.

FSAN NG-PON roadmapJ Kani F Bourgart A Cui A Rafel M Campbell R Davey S Rodrigues “Next-


J. Kani, F. Bourgart, A. Cui, A. Rafel, M. Campbell, R. Davey, S. Rodrigues, NextGeneration PON – Part I: Technology Roadmap and General Requirements,” IEEE Communications Magazine, 43-49, Nov 2009.

40

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Next-generation access architectureC t l ffiCurrent architecture

OLT Etheragg

ONU

Central office

Edge router

… Core router

Current architecture

… Optical splitter

agg.… router

…

routere.g. 32 subs

Long-reach access

ONU

Central officeCore router

Etheragg.…

……

e.g. 32 subse.g. 32 subs

… … …

Consolidation of L2/L3 equipment may decrease the total consumption of the network.Optical amplifiers need additional power.

High-split accessOptical splitter

Central office

…

Optical OLT

p pONU Edge

routerCore router…


…

splitter e.g. 256 subsIncrease of aggregation factor in PON leads to downsizing or even eliminating the Ethernet

aggregator, thus reducing the total consumption of the network.

NM2K.1.pdf 41 1/23/2012 11:46:07 AM


Agile WDM technology Dynamic WDM-TDMA PON and wavelength routing technologies

decrease the burden of Ethernet aggregation in a better way.

ONUONUONU

Dynamic WDM-TDMA PON

s

Splitter Wavelength router OLT

10G DWBA control #1ONUONU

nabl

e ONU

Time.

40GE, 100GE.

10G or 25G / or 25G

MUX..

DWBA controlSub-OLT

Sub-OLTSub-OLT

Sub-OLT

velen

gth-

tu

Time. . .

. .

.

L3 network

40GE, MUX

DWBA controlSub-OLTSub-OLT

#2

Wav

ONUONU

ONU

10G or 25G /

100GEMUXSub-OLT

Sub-OLT

ONU10G or 25G /

WDM-assisted aggregation

J K i N Y hi t “N t ti PON t ' i ” ECOC2009 Vi


J. Kani, N. Yoshimoto, “Next generation PONs: an operator's view,” ECOC2009, Vienna, Austria, Sept 2009, Paper 5.7.4.

42

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Demonstration of agile WDM accessBitrate: 10 Gbit/s Guard time: 50 ns

OLT1cycle 1 2 3 4

Bitrate: 10 Gbit/s, Guard time: 50 nsDownstream

port 1

port 2234 3

t 4

PON1

End 1ns/div

PON2

PON3

PON4

K Hara H Nakamura S Kimura M Yoshino S Nishihara S Tamaki J Kani N Yoshimoto H Hadama


K. Hara, H. Nakamura, S. Kimura, M. Yoshino, S. Nishihara, S. Tamaki, J. Kani, N. Yoshimoto, H. Hadama, “Flexible load balancing technique using dynamic wavelength bandwidth allocation (DWBA) toward 100Gbit/s-class-WDM/TDM-PON,” Proceedings of ECOC2010, Tu.3.B.2, 2010.

43

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ITU-T G.multi G.multi is under study in ITU-T Study Group 15. It is to specify the mechanism of wavelength assignment, wavelength

tuning, and wavelength maintenance in multiple wavelength PON

Message exchanges between OLT and ONU:

g g p gsystems

− Wavelength management information exchange in ONU activation.

− Wavelength capability request (OLT to ONU) and report (ONU to OLT).

− Wavelength change command (OLT to ONU) and response (ONU to OLT).

Possible implementation based on the XG-PON protocol:

− Wavelength management information exchange … OMCI.

− Wavelength change … PLOAM.

Yuanqiu Luo et al “Multiple Wavelength Passive Optical Network ” Contribution 1849

− Wavelength indication … Bit indication in upstream XGTC header.


Yuanqiu Luo et al., Multiple Wavelength Passive Optical Network, Contribution 1849, ITU-T Study Group 15 meeting, Geneva, December 2011.

44

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Summary

Overview of power saving technologies for TDMA-PON systems.O e e o po e sa g ec o og es o O sys e s

ONU power saving: power shedding, dozing, cyclic sleep, very fast sleep control, bit interleaving

Adaptive Link Rate Control


f h Discussion on power-saving aspects of the next-generation PON candidates.

Architecture comparison Architecture comparison



NM2K.1.pdf 45 1/23/2012 11:46:07 AM


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