tutorial of unix command shell scripts 5027
TRANSCRIPT
TUTORIAL OFUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTSUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS5027
Professor: Dr Shu-Ching ChenProfessor: Dr. Shu-Ching ChenTA: Hsin-Yu Ha
OUTLINE
Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script
OUTLINE
Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script
HOW TO LOG IN
Download putty from p yhttp://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
CONNECT TO THE SERVER
The host is margay.cs.fiu.edug y
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LOG IN / ACCOUNT INFORMATION
Account information Login as : Your FIU username Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial
For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID 1234567should have password s1234567j
OUTLINE
Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (1) ls : list the contents of your current directory.y y
Format Options
li t ll th fil i l d th hidd
ls [option] [directory][file]
-a : list all the files include the hidden ones -l : list not only the files name but also the related info -t : list the contents by modified date
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (2) File permissionp
Field1 : A set of ten permission flags Field2 : link count Field2 : link count Field3 : owner of the file Field4 : associated group of the file Field5 : size Field 6-8 : Last modification date Field9 : file name Field9 : file name
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (3) chmod : change the permission flags of the filesg p g
Format
E l
chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename
Example chmod g+w myfile chmod g-rw myfile chmod u=rw go= myfile chmod –R g+rw myfile
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (4) pwd : print out the current working directoryp p g y cd : change directory
cd . (.) means the current directorycd . C (..) means the parent of current directory Cd cd with no argument will return you to your
home directory
cd ..
cd y
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (5) cp : copy filesp py
Format Options
i It b d t id iti th i i l fil
cp [option] File1 File2
-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file -r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders under it.
mv : move a file from one place to another or rename a file.
Format mv File1 File2
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (6) mkdir : making directoryg y
Format rm : remove files or directories
mkdir Directory_name
Format Option
-i : ask before actually delete
rm [option] file1 file2 file3…
y -r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders under it
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (7) test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions.p
Format or The functions will return true if the object exist or the
condition specified is true
test expression [ expression ]
condition specified is true. File functions
-d Filename : Filename is a directory -s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0 -f Filename : Filename is a regular file
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (1) cat : display the contents of a file on the screenp y
Format head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen
cat file1
Format tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen
Format
head –n file1
tail –n file1 Format tail –n file1
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (2) wc : word count
Format Options
fi d t h d th fil h
wc [options] file
-w : find out how many words the file has -l : find out how many lines the file has
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (3) grep : It searches files for the specified words or g p p
patterns. Format:
O tigrep [options] [pattern] file
Options: -c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern. -i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN
d h i filand the input files. -v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.
Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple processes from one single line
A | B | C
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (4) Redirection
> and >> can be used on the output of most commands to direct their output to a file.
Examples Examples
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (1) sort : sort lines of a text file or files
Default : sort without any option will sort the file alphabetically
Format t [ ti ] fil Format uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from
sorted file.
sort [option] file
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (2) sed: One ultimate stream editor
Detail Tutorial : http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html
Important function > Substitution Important function -> Substitution Format : sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (3) cut : extract sections from each line of a file.
Format Option
h t
cut [options] [range] filename
-c : character -f : field -d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)
R Range N-M N- -M
OUTLINE
Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (1) Scripts are collections of commands that are stored p
in a file.
Detail Tutorial http://www.freeos.com/guides/lsst/ Basic Vi commands
vim filename vim filename i : switch to the editing(insert) mode Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving the file Esc +:w Save the file Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (2) First shell scriptp
Note that to make a file executable, you must set the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the Readable bit must also be setReadable bit must also be set.
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (3) Variable
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (4) IF LOOP
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (5) For Loopp
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (6) Useful concept $( commands)p