TABLE OF CONTENTS

Tabla de contenido

THE INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 3

GREETINGS ............................................................................................................................... 4

Link: .......................................................................................................................................... 5

Exercise: .............................................................................................................................. 5

PHONETIC ................................................................................................................................. 6

Link: .......................................................................................................................................... 9

Exercise: .............................................................................................................................. 9

DAILY ROUTINE .................................................................................................................... 10

Link ......................................................................................................................................... 13

Exercise: ............................................................................................................................ 13

IMPERATIVE: .......................................................................................................................... 14

Link: ........................................................................................................................................ 16

Exercise : ........................................................................................................................... 16

ACCUSATIVE CASE ............................................................................................................... 17

Link: ........................................................................................................................................ 21

Exercise: ............................................................................................................................ 21

ANNEXES:................................................................................................................................. 21

THE INTRODUCTION

This is a tutorial that offers some important topics about German language; here you can find the explication and examples to will help you to learn and understand better. The principally topics are:

� Regards � Daily routine � Phonetic � Imperative � Accusative Case

Actually, in a globalized world like this, is necessary recording the importance to knows another language, because around our environment the business are moving constantly, it makes the change in the economy worldwide. For this reason, you can be successful in the moment when you close a negotiation with German people in a meeting, knowing the culture and having a lot of labor opportunities, while you gain money and learn some more. This is my first tutorial where you can see the basic topics, is easy to understand and practical, leastways I am sure that you will have a great reading. I hope to do someone different and deeper in each topic and news topics.

Enjoy it!

GREETINGS

Here I show you the most important regards in German; also you can find some important expressions that are interesting to know. Regards = Die Grüße

DIE GRÜßE:

� Hello: Hallo � Good morning: Guten Tag,

Guten morgen � Good Afternoon: Guten Abend � Good night: Schönen Abend noch � How are you?: Wie geht’s? � Gut, fine: Danke, gut. � What is your name?: Wie Heißt du? / Wie heißen Sie ? � My name is___: Ich heiße _____ oder mein name ist______ � Nice to meet you!: Nett, Sie kennen zu lernen! � Please: Bitte � Thanks: Vielen Danke � Your welcome: Bitte schon � Yes: Ja � No: Nein � Excuse me: Entschudilgen � I am sorry: Es tut mir leid � Good bye: Auf Wiedersehen � Bye: Tschüß � Do you speak German?: Sprichst du Deutsch? � Help!: Hilfe! � I don’t understand: Ich verstehe das nicht � Where is the bathroom?: Wo ist die Toilette? � Where are you from?: Woher kommst du?

Support:

Person Singular Plural 1st Ich (I) Wir (We) 2nd Du (you, formal) Ihr (you ) 3rd Er, sie, Es (He, She, It) Sie, sie (you informal

and you)

With this link you can hear and pronounce this lection easier, and know some new expressions.

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnIVdptdgPQ&feature=youtube_gdata_player Exercise: http://quizlet.com/6409828/german-introductions-flash-cards/

PHONETIC

The pronunciation of German seems to be not too difficult. A bit more challenging is the German grammar, but we will come to this a bit later. The German language has about 48 different sounds. We just have a look at some that might seem a bit strange to somebody not having German as a mother tongue. So, see the table: The alphabet:

DAS ALPHABET:

The ä is still not too difficult. In normal spoken language, it cannot be differentiated between ä and e. The short ä sounds like in the English words let, men or gender. The ö is a sound similar to an o, but the lips are put a bit more together, it's actually the sound that is in murder, burden, für. The ü might be the most difficult one because there is nothing alike in the English language. Imagine that u meets a long ee, lips formed like you would like to whistle and then instead of whistling put some voice into it. PRACTICE: Use the chart below to spell your name (first and last names) in German, using the German alphabet and the German spelling code (Buchstabiertafel). Remember that the German formula is “A wie Anton.” Das Funkalphabet - German Phonetic Spelling Codecompared to the international ICAO/NATO Germany* Phonetic Guide ICAO/NATO** A wie Anton AHN-tone Alfa/Alpha Ä wie Ärger AIR-gehr (1) B wie Berta BARE-tuh Bravo C wie Cäsar SAY-zar Charlie Ch wie Charlotte shar-LOT-tuh (1) D wie Dora DORE-uh Delta E wie Emil ay-MEAL Echo F wie Friedrich FREED-reech Foxtrot G wie Gustav GOOS-tahf Golf H wie Heinrich HINE-reech Hotel I wie Ida EED-uh India/Indigo J wie Julius YUL-ee-oos Juliet K wie Kaufmann KOWF-mann Kilo L wie Ludwig LOOD-vig Lima

M wie Martha MAR-tuh Mike N wie Nordpol NORT-pole November O wie Otto AHT-toe Oscar Ö wie Ökonom (2) UEH-ko-nome (1) P wie Paula POW-luh Papa Q wie Quelle KVEL-uh Quebec R wie Richard REE-shart Romeo S wie Siegfried (3) SEEG-freed Sierra Sch wie Schule SHOO-luh (1) ß (Eszett) ES-TSET (1) T wie Theodor TAY-oh-dore Tango U wie Ulrich OOL-reech Uniform Ü wie Übermut UEH-ber-moot (1) V wie Viktor VICK-tor Victor W wie Wilhelm VIL-helm Whiskey

X wie Xanthippe KSAN-tipp-uh X-Ray Y wie Ypsilon IPP-see-lohn Yankee Z wie Zeppelin TSEP-puh-leen Zulu

For a full explanation of German phonetic spelling code and its history. Notes: 1. Germany and some other NATO countries add codes for their unique letters of the alphabet. 2. In Austria the German word for that country (Österreich) replaces the official "Ökonom." See more variations in the chart below.3. "Siegfried" is widely used instead of the more official "Samuel." *Austria and Switzerland have some variations of the German code. See below.**The IACO (International Civil Aviation Organization) and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) spelling code is used internationally (in English) by pilots, radio operators, and others who need to clearly communicate information. Print this page (without ads) German Phonetic Spelling CodeCountry Variations (German) Germany Austria Switzerland D wie Dora D wie Dora D wie Daniel K wie Kaufmann K wie Konrad K wie Kaiser Ö wie Ökonom Ö wie Österreich Ö wie Örlikon (1) P wie Paula P wie Paula P wie Peter Ü wie Übermut Ü wie Übel Ü wie Übermut X wie Xanthippe X wie Xaver X wie Xaver Z wie Zeppelin (2) Z wie Zürich Z wie Zürich Notes: 1. Örlikon (Oerlikon) is a quarter in the northern part of Zurich. It is also the name of a 20mm cannon first developed during WWI.2. The official German code word is the name "Zacharias," but it is rarely used.These country variations may be optional.

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Qjg1WHAqe4&feature=youtube_gdata_player Exercise: http://www.languageguide.org/german/alphabet/ http://german.about.com/library/anfang/blanf01abcex1.htm

DAILY ROUTINE

I am going to show you “the form present”, in German: “präsens” in some sentences, the structure and the way to have coherence when you are speaking or writing your own routine or some different. Daily Routine:

DIE TAGESABLAUF Um 5:00 uhr kinglet der wecker. Sara Wackt auf. Sie möchte nicht austehen. Sie steht nicht gern auf. Sie bleibt 10 minute liegen, danach sie aufstehe langsam. Sie putzt ihre zähne. Dann duscht Sara. Darauf zieht sie sich an. Danach, beraitet sie Kaffe vor. Später ruft sie Mark an. Er sagt, dass era sie abhotV At 5:00 o’clock alarm clock sounds. Sara wake up. She doesn’t want to get up, she doesn’t want it. She is 10 minute ins Bett, after she wake up slowly. She washes his teeth. After she dresses and she prepares coffe. Later, she calls Mark. He ask her if she is ready nowV The tips to do a daily routine in German are:

� In a topic like Daily Routine the vocabulary is fairly straightforward, so you might be asked to listen carefully for exact details, in order to get your mark. In this exercise the challenge lies in understanding exactly what time each thing happened, fewer than two different circumstances.

� Remember that the 24-hour clock is used much more in Germany. Sometimes it is particularly difficult to understand, because a time like 23.59 in German will be spoken in the order of 'three and twenty hours, nine and fifty'.

This is another example of daily routine in German and the traduction: Normalerweise stehe ich um sieben Uhr dreißig auf. Ich frühstücke schnell um acht und ich verlasse um acht Uhr fünfzehn das Haus, denn die Schule beginnt um Viertel vor neun. Ich esse um ein Uhr und ich bin um Viertel nach vier wieder zu Hause. Normally I get up at 7.30. I eat breakfast quickly at 8 and I leave the house at 8.15, because school begins at quarter to nine. I eat at one and at quarter past four I am at home again. Letzten Monat habe ich mein Arbeitspratikum gemacht und meine Routine war ganz anders. Ich musste schon um halb sieben aufstehen und das Haus um Viertel nach sieben verlassen. Last month I did my work experience and my routine was completely different. I had to get up at 6.30 and leave the house at quarter past seven. Die Arbeit hat um acht Uhr fünfzehn angefangen, aber man konnte vorher schon um sieben Uhr fünfzig in der Kantine frühstücken. Die Mittagspause war um zwölf und ich bin um achtzehn Uhr wieder nach Hause gekommen. Work began at 8.15 but you could eat breakfast before at 7.50 in the canteen. The lunch break was at 12 and I got home at 6pm.

Ich stehe um sechs Uhr auf. Das ist früh.

Ich wasche mich um zehn nach sechs und

ich ziehe mich um halb sieben an.

Ich frühstücke um Viertel vor sieben. Ich esse Toast und

ich trinke Tee. Das ist lecker.

Ich putze um Viertel nach sieben meine Zähne.

Ich verlasse um acht Uhr das Haus.

Die Schule beginnt um Viertel vor neun.

Das ist spät.

Die Schule endet um 25 Minuten vor vier. Das ist auch spät!

Ich komme um Viertel vor fünf nach Hause.

Ich mache um fünf Uhr meine Hausaufgaben. Das ist furchtbar.

Ich treffe mich um sechs Uhr mit Freunden. Das ist wunderbar.

Ich esse um halb acht mein Abendessen. Ich esse Spagetti

und Tomatensoße und ich trinke Limonade.

Ich sehe um neun Uhr fern. Ich sehe gern Dokumentarfilme.

Ich gehe um halb zwölf ins Bett. Das ist spät!

früh = early lecker = delicious/yummy spät = late auch = also Ich esse = I eat Ich sehe gern = I like watching Ich trinke = I drink

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDa98etBzjc&list=PL9FF442235F356635&index=3&feature=plpp_video

Exercise: http://quizlet.com/8162668/hobbys-und-spielen-flash-cards/

IMPERATIVE:

Most grammar books only introduce the formation of imperatives, but not its use. But when thinking about it in some detail you can notice that the imperative is not only for orders, but has many other functions as well. Still, don't worry the German imperative works in its use the same way like the English one. Have a look at these phrases a) Do it! Now! b) Do it if you want to. The phrase a) is an order. One person gives an order to another one that is supposedly a subordinate. Phrase b) uses the same form but in a different sense. There is no order, but only a statement. In German as well as in English an imperative can only be used for some persons, as it is quite clear that one can hardly give an order to oneself. As for the first person plural there are even two forms. The German imperative has five basic forms that are used also nowadays, the second person singular and plural, the first and third person plural for the formal forms. If necessary there are auxiliary constructions to form the other persons

� Formation of the imperative:

1. The "du" form of the imperative is formed by dropping the final "-en" of the infinitive and adding "-e" to the end of the word. This "-e" ending is usually dropped in spoken German and quite often in written German as well. 2. The "-e" ending on the "du" imperative is always kept with verbs whose stem end in "-d", "-t", "-ig" and "-m" or "-n" after another consonant. See for example the verb "warten" (= to wait) in the table above. 3. Verbs whose infinitive ends in "-eln" drop the "-e" of the stem in the "du" imperative but not in the "ihr" and "Sie" forms. See the verb "handeln" (= to act) in the table above. 4. The "ihr" form of the imperative is exactly the same as the "ihr" form of the regular present tense. 5. The "Sie" form of the imperative is exactly the same as the "Sie" form of the regular present tense BUT the word order is reversed - the verb always precedes the pronoun. 6. Note in particular that the "Sie" form of the imperative is the only one in which the pronoun is used in the command; you must omit the pronoun in the "du" and "ihr" forms. IMPERATIVE FORMS

Infinitive root imperative second singular

imperative first plural

imperative second plural

imperative formal singular

imperative formal plural

kommen komm- komm kommen wir

kommt kommen Sie

kommen Sie

come let us come

come come come

gehen geh- geh gehen wir geht gehen Sie gehen Sie

go let us go go go go singen sing- sing singen wir singt singen Sie singen Sie

sing let us sing sing sing sing schlafen schlaf- schlaf schlafen

wir schlaft schlafen

Sie schlafen Sie

sleep let us sleep

sleep sleep sleep

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YGZ3PGRGbto&feature=youtube_gdata_player

Exercise : http://class.georgiasouthern.edu/german/grammar/gr-imp.htm

ACCUSATIVE CASE

In English the accusative case is known as the objective case (direct object). In German you can tell that a noun is in the accusative case by the masculine article, which changes from der/ein to den/einen. (Since the accusative only changes in the masculine gender, you don't need to worry about the feminine, neuter or plural.) The masculine pronoun er (he) changes to ihn (him), in much the same way as English. In the examples below, the accusative (direct object) word is in red: Der Hund beißt den Mann. The dog bites the man. Er beißt ihn. He (the dog) bites him (the man). Den Mann beißt der Hund. The dog bites the man. Beißt der Hund den Mann? Is the dog biting the man? Beißt den Mann der Hund? Is the dog biting the man? The direct object (accusative) functions as the receiver of the action of a transitive verb. In the examples above, the man is acted upon by the dog, receives the action of the subject ("dog"). To give a few more transitive verb examples, when you buy (kaufen) something or have (haben) something, the "something" is a direct object. The subject (the person buying or having) is acting on some object.

Accusative Case (Direct Object)

Masculine den

Feminine die

Neuter das

Plural die

den neuen Wagen the new car

die schöne Stadt the beautiful city

das alte Auto the old car

die neuen Bücher the new books

Masculine einen

Feminine eine

Neuter ein

Plural keine

einen neuen Wagen a new car

eine schöne Stadt a beautiful city

ein altes Auto an old car

keine neuen Bücher no new books

There are some prepositions that always are with the accusative case: für, bis, durch, gegen, ohne, um, entlang. In the next tutorial, I will show you more cases and you can understand the relation between this case, and the others three.

The German accusative case is used when the noun/pronoun is the direct object of the sentence, that is, the person or thing affected by the action or the verb.

Endings in the Accusative case Except for the masculine gender, endings in the accusative case are exactly similar to those in the nominative case.

Endings in the Accusative case

Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural

Definite Articles

den die das die

Indefinite Articles

einen eine ein -

Negative Articles

keinen keine kein keine

Possessive Articles

meinen meine mein meine

Personal Pronouns Most of the personal pronouns make a change from the nominative case to the accusative case, as shown in the next table:

Accusative Personal Pronouns

Singular Pronoun Plural Pronoun

mich me uns us

dich you - informal

euch you - informal

ihn/sie/es him/her/it sie they

Sie you - formal Sie you - formal

Accusative case after certain verbs: Nearly all of the German verbs that can take a direct object take the accusative, which is expected, as the accusative is the direct object of the sentence. Such verbs are called 'transitive verbs'.

Accusative case after certain prepositions: Certain prepositions always take the accusative case, no matter what position or role the noun plays in the sentence, and even if there will be more than one accusative noun within the sentence.

Accusative Prepositions

bis until

durch through

für for

gegen against

ohne without

um around, at

Interrogatives in the Accusative Case In the accusative, the interrogative pronoun 'wer' becomes 'wen', and the interrogative 'welcher' is declined according to the noun it's attached to.

'Welcher' in the Accusative Case

Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural

Accusative welchen welche welches welche

Examples:

� Here are a few example sentences in which the accusative

nouns/pronouns are pointed out: � Ich kaufe einen Gürtel für meinen Vater - I'm buying a belt for my father � Er trinkt ein Bier - He's drinking a beer � Ich habe keinen Hunger - I'm not hungry � Wir sind gegen die Idee - We are against the idea

Support:

Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHYt6hEFd9w&feature=youtube_gdata_player

Exercise: http://german.about.com/library/anfang/blanfang11b.htm

ANNEXES:

This is an important material to know more about de German language. There are a few parts that show you basic expressions that are necessaries to understand the tutorial.

PRONUNCIATION

German Vowels English Pronunciation

[i] viel meet, eat [y] kühl ee rounded / long vowel [ɪ] Tisch mitt, it [ʏ] hübsch ih rounded / short vowel [e] Tee mate, wait [ø] schön ay rounded / long vowel [ɛ] Bett met, wet [œ] zwölf eh rounded / short vowel [a] Mann mop, not [ɑ] kam ah / longer vowel than [a] [u] gut boot, suit [ʊ] muss put, soot [o] Sohn coat, goat [ɔ] Stock caught, bought [ə] bitte cut, what [ɐ] Wetter uhr / also short vowel like [ə]

Notice that words spelled with ö and ü can be pronounced with a long or short vowel, so determining the pronunciation based on the spelling is not possible. The other umlauted letter, ä, is generally pronounced as [e], though it can be pronounced as [ɛ] in some dialects. A general rule for pronunciation, however, states that the short vowels / ɪ ʏ ʊ ɛ ɔ / must be followed by a consonant, whereas the long vowels / i y u e ø o / can occur at the end of the syllable or word.

German Diphthongs English Pronunciation

[aɪ] ein, mein eye, buy, why

[aʊ] auf, kaufen cow, now, how

[ɔɪ] neu, Gebäude toy, boy, foil

GERMAN CONSONANTS

There are a few German consonants that do not exist in English, and some consonant combinations that are not common in English. Notice that the pronunciation of the German r changes according to the location in the countries that speak German, i.e. [R] in northern Germany and [r] in southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Spelling IPA Sample

words How to pronounce:

ch (with vowels e and i)

[ç] Chemie, mich, nicht

Make yuh sound voiceless (no vibration of vocal cords)

ch (with vowels a, o, u)

[x] Buch, lachen, kochen

Make kuh sound a fricative (continuous airflow)

pf [pf] Apfel, Pferd, Pfanne

Pronounce together as one sound

z [ts] Zeit, Zug, Tanz

Pronounce together as one sound

j [j] ja, Januar, Junge

yuh

qu [kv] Quote, Quiz, Quitte

kv

st / sp (at beginning of syllable)

[ʃt] / [ʃp]

Stadt, sprechen

sht / shp

sch [ʃ] schenken, schlafen

sh

th [t] Theater, Thron

t

v [f] Vater, verboten

f

w [v] Wasser, warm

v

ß [s] Straße, groß

s

s (before vowel) [z] Salz, seit, Sitz

z

In addition, the sounds [b], [d], and [g] lose their voicing at the end of a syllable, so they are pronounced as their voiceless counterparts [p], [t], and [k], respectively. However, the spelling does not reflect the pronunciation.

NOUNS & CASES

All nouns have a gender in German, either masculine, feminine or neuter. There really isn't a lot of logic to which nouns are which gender, so you must memorize the gender of each noun. 1. Male persons or animals, the seasons, months, and days are all masculine, as are nouns ending in -ant, -ast, -ich, -ig, -ismus, -ling, -or and -us. 2. Female persons or animals, and numerals are all feminine, as are nouns ending in -a, -anz, -ei, -enz, -heit, -ie, -ik, -in, -keit, -schaft, -sion, -sis, -tät, -tion, -ung and -ur. 3. Young persons or animals, metals, chemical elements, letters of the alphabet, hotels, restaurants, cinemas, continents, countries and provinces are all neuter, as are nouns that end in -chen, -icht, -il, -it, -lein, -ma, -ment, -tel, -tum, and -um. Nouns referring to things that end in -al, -an, -ar, -ät, -ent, -ett, -ier, -iv, -o and -on, as well as most words with the prefix ge- and most nouns ending in -nis and -sal are also neuter. All nouns in German are capitalized in writing. All nouns (as well as pronouns and adjectives) have a case depending on what function they serve in the sentence. These may seem strange, but remember that English uses cases also; however, we would say direct object instead of accusative, or indirect object instead of dative. Although these cases may make learning new words difficult, they actually help with word order because the position of words in a sentence is not as fixed in German as it is in English. And the reason for that is because words can occur in these four cases:

Nominative subject of the sentence

The girl is reading.

Accusative direct objects We see the mountain. I bought a gift.

Dative indirect objects We talk to the guide. I gave my mom a gift.

Genitive indicates possession or relationship

The book of the girl. The dog's tail.

The nouns you look up in a dictionary will be in the nominative case.

ARTICLES & DEMONSTRATIVES

Definite Articles (The) Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural Nominative der (dare) die (dee) das (dahs) die Accusative den (dane) die das die Dative dem (dame) der dem den Genitive des (dess) der des der

Demonstratives (This, That, These, Those) This / These That / Those

Masc. Fem. Neu. Pl. Masc. Fem. Neu. Pl. Nom. dieser diese dieses diese der die das die Acc. diesen diese dieses diese den die das die Dat. diesem dieser diesem diesen dem der dem den Gen. dieses dieser dieses dieser des der des der

Jener is an older word found in written German that was used to mean that or those, but today in spoken German the definite articles are used. Dort or da may accompany the definite articles for emphasis. Das is also a universal demonstrative and therefore shows no agreement. Notice the last letter of each of the words above. They correspond to the last letters of the words for the definite articles. Words that are formed this same way are called der-words because they follow the pattern of the der-die-das declension. Other der-words are: jeder-every, and welcher-which. Mancher(many) and solcher (such) are also der-words, but they are used almost always in the plural

Indefinite Articles (A, An) Masculine Feminine Neuter Nom. ein (ine) eine (ine-uh) ein Acc. einen (ine-en) eine ein Dat. einem (ine-em) einer(ine-er) einem Gen. eines (ine-es) einer eines

TO BE, TO HAVE, & TO BECOME

Present tense of sein - to be (zine) I am ich bin ikh bin we are wir sind veer

zint you are (familiar)

du bist doo bihst you (plural) are

ihr seid eer zide

he/she/it is er/sie/es ist

air/zee/ess isst

they/you (formal) are

sie/Sie sind

zee zint

Past tense of sein

I was ich war ikh var we were wir waren

veer vah-ren

you were (familiar)

du warst doo varst you (plural) were

ihr wart eer vart

he/she/it was

er/sie/es war

air/zee/es var

they/you (formal) were

sie/Sie waren

zee vah-ren

Present tense of haben - to have (hah-ben)

ich habe hah-buh wir haben hah-ben

du hast hahst ihr habt hahbt

er/sie/es hat haht sie/Sie haben hah-ben

Past tense of haben

ich hatte hah-tuh wir hatten hah-ten

du hattest hah-test ihr hattet hah-tet

er/sie/es hatte hah-tuh sie/Sie hatten hah-ten

Haben is frequently used in expressions that would normally take to be in English. Ich habe Hunger. = I am hungry. Ich hatte Durst. = I was thirsty. Ich habe Langeweile. = I am bored. Ich hatte Heimweh. = I was homesick. Ich habe Angst. = I am afraid. In everyday speech, the final -e on the ich conjugations can be dropped: ich hab' or hab' ich

USEFUL WORDS

and und oont isn't it? nicht wahr? nikht vahr but aber ah-ber too bad schade shah-duh very sehr zair gladly gern gehrn or oder oh-der immediately sofort zoh-fort here hier here sure(ly) sicher(lich) zikh-er-likh also auch owkh but, rather sondern zohn-dehrn both beide by-duh finally schließlich shleess-likh some etwas eht-vahss right! stimmt shtimt only nur noor anyway überhaupt oo-ber-

howpt again wieder vee-der enough genug guh-nook hopefully hoffentlich hoh-fent-

likh exact(ly) genau guh-now

between zwischen zvish-en sometimes manchmal mahnch-mal therefore deshalb des-halp always immer im-er a lot, many

viel(e) feel(uh) never nie nee

really wirklich veerk-lish often oft ohft together zusammen tsoo-zah-

men of course klar klahr

all alle ahl-luh perhaps vielleicht fee-likht now jetzt yetst a little ein bisschen ine biss-

khen so also al-zoh a little ein wenig ine vay-nikh another noch ein nohkh ine not at all gar nicht gar nikht already schon shone not a bit kein

bisschen kine biss-khen

Es gibt is commonly used to mean there is/are and it is always followed by the accusative case.

QUESTION WORDS Who wer vehr Whom

(acc.) wen vain

What was vahs Whom (dat.)

wem vaim

Why warum vah-room

How come

wieso vee-zo

When wann vahn Where from

woher vo-hair

Where wo voh Where to wohin vo-hin

How wie vee Which welche/-r/-s

velsh-uh/er/es

Finally, you can participate in my Audio-Forum, here I leave my link:

Voxopop : http://www.voxopop.com/group/1ddd0065-2f14-48d7-8e8b-5ab43f815110 Also, if you want to start some different topic, just tell me, this site is to be better and interact with new people that are learning like you!