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© F l o r i d a ’ s C h i l d r e n F i r s t , J a n u a r y , 2 0 1 4 f l o r i d a s c h i l d r e n f i r s t . o r g

Tuition & Fee Exemption for Florida’s Foster Youth An examination of the efficacy of existing efforts, barriers to usage, and recommendations

for reform.

Winter

14

Fostering Higher Education Success

2

Introduction

Nationwide, former foster youth struggle to complete college.1 Though 70%

of them want a college degree, only 3 to 11% are able to obtain that degree – a stark

contrast to the 28% of adults in the general population.2 Fortunately, Florida is a

leader among the states that are trying to help more former foster youth obtain

higher education. Florida was part of the original cadre of states in the late 1980s

that began offering assistance with higher education to students leaving foster care.

Today, Florida remains a national leader in the depth and breadth of its offer of

assistance to former foster youth seeking higher education.3

As we demonstrate, however, that promise of educational access is not

always fulfilled. Only 15% of eligible youth currently use the tuition and fee

exemption. There are a number of barriers that keep eligible students from

accessing existing state support for higher education. Though some barriers will

take sustained efforts to address, most of those barriers can be addressed with

minor adjustments to existing policies and practices. We hope this paper will

inspire educators, advocates, schools and state entities to work together to make the

systemic changes needed to improve student access to state support for higher

education.

This paper briefly provides the history of the tuition and fee exemption,

describes how institutions implement the exemption; shows how often it is used;

which youth are excluded, and explains the barriers to increased participation. It

then offers simple suggestions for increasing the participation of former foster

youth in higher education.

I. Florida’s Tuition & Fee Exemption – Its Origins & Current Statute

Florida first enacted a law providing a fee exemption for youth in foster care

in 1988.4 The initial exemption was provided to young adults in foster care (at the

time youth could be in state care to age 21). Before obtaining the exemption,

students had to apply for and be denied financial aid that covered the payment of all

undergraduate fees. The exemption was limited to 4 years (8 semesters) with the

possibility of extending to 5 years (10 semesters) if the recipient had to take college

preparatory classes or needed extra time to pass communication and computation

skills testing. Students had to maintain a 2.0 GPA.

1 The terms “foster youth” and “foster care” are used in the broadest sense to include all children who were removed from their parents by the state, including those placed with relatives, non-relatives and in group care settings.

2 Foster Care By the Numbers, Casey Family Programs, available at: http://www.casey.org/press/mediakit/pdf/FosterCareByTheNumbers.pdf.

3 At least 20 other states provide some form of assistance to foster youth. Their assistance ranges from prioritizing foster youth for existing grants (South Carolina) to tuition, fees, books, room & board (North Carolina). Information on most state programs is available at: http://www.nrcyd.ou.edu/state-pages/search.

4 Florida Statute §240.235(6)(a) (1988). See Appendix A for the text of the statute.

3

The Florida Legislature demonstrated its commitment to improving access to

higher education for foster youth with a series of changes to the law. In 1997, it

expanded the tuition and fee exemption to all cover all children adopted from DCF

custody after May 5, 1997. More recently, the Legislature recognized the difficulties

that former foster youth have in completing higher education upon emancipation,

and expanded the exemption to cover students until age 28. The current statute

does not have a GPA requirement or limitation as to the number of credit hours or

semesters for which it is available. Plainly, the Legislature intended to broaden the

scope of students eligible to participate in recognition of the hardships former foster

youth have to overcome, as well as to encourage adults to adopt children from foster

care. The statute currently provides:

1009.25 Fee exemptions. —

(1) The following students are exempt from the payment of tuition and

fees, including lab fees, at a school district that provides postsecondary

career programs, Florida College System institution, or state university:

***

(c) A student who is or was at the time he or she reached 18 years of age in

the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services or who, after

spending at least 6 months in the custody of the department after reaching

16 years of age, was placed in a guardianship by the court. Such exemption

includes fees associated with enrollment in career-preparatory instruction.

The exemption remains valid until the student reaches 28 years of age.

(d) A student who is or was at the time he or she reached 18 years of age

in the custody of a relative under s. 39.5085 or who was adopted from the

Department of Children and Family Services after May 5, 1997. Such

exemption includes fees associated with enrollment in career-preparatory

instruction. The exemption remains valid until the student reaches 28 years

of age.

II. Implementation of the Tuition and Fee Exemption

The tuition and fee exemption applies to three types of institutions:

universities, colleges and post-secondary career programs, i.e. career/technical

institutions. Universities and colleges have their own governing bodies, and

colleges and post-secondary career programs come under the governance of the

Department of Education. There are, however, no uniform rules, policies or

procedures that direct institutions how to implement the statute.

A. Implementation in the State University System (“SUS”).

The State University System is comprised of 11 universities that operate

under a Board of Governors (“BOG”) to whom the Legislature has provided

rulemaking authority.5 The BOG promulgated Rule 7.008 Waiver of Tuition and

5 Fla. Stat. §1001.706(2). See Appendix A for the text of the statute.

4

Fees, which addresses the tuition and fee exemption for former foster youth. The

BOG’s rule limits eligible recipients to students enrolled in undergraduate degree

programs and caps the number of credit hours at 120.6

A review of each university’s website, conducted in 2012, showed that:

• 5 universities had a policy or procedure that mentioned the tuition

and fee exemption

• 3 universities referenced a previous version of the statute

• 1 university left out a category of eligible youth, and

• 2 universities referenced the current version of the statute

All five universities with published information had at least one item of inaccurate

information. A summary of our findings from the web-published information for

colleges and universities is attached as Appendix B.

B. Implementation in the Florida College System

The Florida College System is the coordinating body for 28 locally-governed

public colleges, including community colleges and four-year degree institutions.7

The coordinating body falls under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Education.

The Chancellor of the Florida College System reports to the Commissioner of

Education. Each institution, however, has its own Board of Trustees. The Chancellor

of the Florida College System does not have authority over each member institution.

The State Board of Education has rulemaking authority and is statutorily

mandated to create rules addressing specific aspects of the Florida College System

including fees, budgeting, business and financial matters.8 The State Board of

Education has not promulgated any rules relating to the implantation of the tuition

and fee exemption.

Although the Florida College System does not have rulemaking authority, it

does publish a Guidelines and Procedures Manual, which is intended to “provide a

reference point for local boards of trustees and college presidents to develop local

policies.”9 The Manual does not address the tuition and fee exemption.

The Board of Trustees at each individual institution has the statutory

authority to adopt its own rules, policies and procedures.10 A 2012 survey of the

websites for Florida College System institutions showed that only one, Broward

6 7.008 Waiver of Tuition and Fees. See Appendix A for the text of the statute.

7 Fla. Stat. §1001.60. See also, http://www.fldoe.org/cc/overview.asp

8 Fla. Stat. §1001.02 General powers of State Board of Education.— See Appendix A for the text of the statute

9 See, http://www.fldoe.org/CC/policy/pdf/guidelines_procedures_manual.pdf.

10 Fla. Stat. §1001.64 - Florida College System institution boards of trustees; powers and duties. See Appendix A for the text of the statute

5

College, had a substantive policy relating to the tuition and fee exemption. Broward

Colleges limited students to 32 credit hours per year, 2 years or 4 semesters with

possible extension for preparatory classes.11 Five other colleges had some policy or

procedure on their website – some with outdated information, others with

potentially onerous paperwork requirements. See the Summary at Appendix B for

more details.

C. Implementation in Post-Secondary Career Programs

We were unable to find information concerning the implementation of

tuition and fee exemption in post-secondary career programs.

III. Usage of the Tuition and Fees Exemption

A. Eligible Population

There are 4 categories of young adults who are eligible for the statutory

tuition and fee exemption:

1. Students who were in the custody of DCF when they turned 18;

2. Students placed in the custody of relatives under Fla. Stat. 39.5085, the

“relative caregiver program”;

3. Students who were adopted from DCF after May 5, 1997; and

4. Students who, having spent at least 6 months in DCF custody, were placed

into guardianship after turning 16.

According to public records information provided by DCF in 2012, there

were 12,756 adults aged 18-27 who fall into categories 2-4.12 There were also 9,882

adults in that age range who were adopted from foster care in 1997 or later.13 Thus,

the potential population of eligible students totaled 22,638.

B. Actual Usage of Tuition and Fee Exemption

We were able to obtain data from the State University System and the

Department of Education on the number of students who use the tuition and fee

exemption at all three types of eligible institutions: universities, colleges and post-

secondary career programs. The charts demonstrate a clear upward trend in the

number of students using the tuition and fee exemption.

11 Broward College Policy No. 6Hx2-5.11 Foster Care. See Composite Appendix A for the text of the Rule 12 See response to public records request received June 29, 2012. Excerpt at Appendix C.

13 Adoption data for 1997 to 2010 was obtained from the National Data Archive for Child Abuse and Neglect (NDACAN) at Cornell University. It was provided with a notation that data from 1995-1999 is not considered to be reliable. Spreadsheet available upon request to fcf@floridaschildrenfirst.org. Included in this figure are adoptees from 2010 to the present

6

1. Number of Exemption Users in the State University System

The State University System has data going back to the 1994-95 school year

tracking the use of the tuition exemption. The SUS data describes participants in

two categories. Adoption and Road to Independence (RTI) – which prior to 2007-08

was called “Foster Care.” The data is reported in the chart below.

Number of Students Using Tuition Exemption in State Universities

2. Number of Exemption Users in the Florida College System

The Department of Education provided information on the Tuition

Exemption for 2008-2011. DOE identifies students in three categories, those who

were adopted, those placed with relatives and those who are on RTI. The relative

and RTI numbers combine to what the SUS considers Foster/RTI.

Number of Students Using Tuition Exemption in Florida College System

94-

95

95-

96

96-

97

97-

98

98-

99

99-

00

00-

01

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

2004

-05

2005

-06

2006

-07

2007

-08

2008

-09

2009

-10

2010

-11

Adopt 2 1 0 8 29 0 70 89 104 119 184

Foster/RTI 2 4 4 10 2 11 18 30 8 49 54 9 161 225 385 823 1040

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Adopt

Relative

RTI

7

3. Number of Exemption Users in Career & Technical Schools

The Department of Education provided the number of students who used the

tuition exemption for career and technical schools from 2006-07 to 2010-11. DOE

did not differentiate among the categories of eligible students, referring to them

simply as “DCF.”

Number Exemption Users in Post-Secondary Career Programs

4. Total Number of Exemption Users in all Institutions

Overall Usage of Tuition Exemption

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

DCF 56 93 197 208 213

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Career/Tech 197 208 213

FCS 1209 1894 2011

SUS 489 942 1224

8

D. Percent of Students Using Tuition Exemption of Those Eligible

Approximately 15% of the eligible population uses the tuition exemption –

that is 3,448 students used tuition exemption out of a possible 22,638 total eligible.

IV. Former Foster Youth Who Are Presently Ineligible for Tuition &

Fee Exemption

In addition to the students that are currently eligible to use the tuition and

fee exemption, there are a number of young adults who were in state care but are

not eligible for the exemption. These youth fall into five categories:

A. Students who were placed with “non-relatives.”

These youth were removed from their parents by the state, but rather than

being placed in licensed foster care, or with a relative, they were placed with other

individuals (teachers, coaches, neighbors, church friends, parents of friends, etc.).

Children in non-relative placements remain party to open dependency court

proceedings, but are considered to be in the “custody” of the non-relative rather

than in the custody of the state. Non-relative caregivers receive no financial

assistance for providing care. Approximately 9% of the children in out-of-home

care are in non-relative placements.14

B. Students placed with relatives, but not in the “Relative Caregiver

Program.”

There is a population of youth who were placed with relatives, but are not

covered by the “Relative Caregiver Program,” Fla. Stat. 39.5085. That population

includes students who were placed with relatives between 1985 and 1998 (when

the Relative Caregiver program was created.) There are also some students who

were placed with relatives after 1998 but who were not enrolled in the Relative

Caregiver Program, usually because the family receives financial support for the

child via Social Security benefits.

C. Students Placed into Guardianship.

Students placed into guardianship who did not have 6 months in licensed

care prior to the guardianship (because they were placed with relative or non-

relative) are not eligible. Nor are the students who were placed into guardianship

prior to age 16.

D. Students Adopted prior to May 5, 1997.

14 Child Welfare Services Trend Report, data as of August 2012, available at http://centerforchildwelfare.fmhi.usf.edu/DataReports/TrendReports.shtml

9

E. Students Reunified prior to age 18.

This is a broad ranging population. It includes some youth who were in out-

of-home care for a number of years and reunified just weeks or months prior to

turning 18.

V. Barriers to Accessing and Using Tuition & Fee Exemption Through our work with students and their adult supporters across the state,

we have identified the following barriers that preclude eligible students from using

the tuition and fee exemption to obtain higher education.

A. Onerous Paperwork Requirements and Procedural Hurdles.

Only a few schools make an extra effort to attract and assist former foster

youth. (See Appendix B for details about each school.) The majority are indifferent

at best and obstructive at worst. Even though eligibility for tuition and fee

exemption does not vary with circumstance, most schools require that students

repeatedly prove eligibility every semester. For instance, the Broward College

policy specifically states that the exemption is only good for one semester and

requires that students reapply each semester. College of Central Florida requires

students to procure paperwork directly from the Department of Children and

Families rather than the Community Based Care Lead Agency, even though the child

welfare functions have been privatized for over a decade.

At least one school, Santa Fe Community College, has a general policy

requiring students using exemptions to wait until the last day of registration before

they can register. Some schools require students to prove their Florida residency in

addition to proving tuition and fee exemption eligibility.15

B. Limitation on Credit Hours and Courses

The Florida statute does not place any limitation on the number of hours or

types of courses that are exempted for eligible students. The limitations discussed

below are imposed by rule or by written policies and practices that are de facto

unpromulgated rules.

Many students cannot complete an undergraduate degree given the

restriction on hours allotted by the State University System and some colleges.

15 C.f. Miami Dade College policy states: “Students who have tuition and fees waived or exempt according to the following sections of Florida Statutes shall be classified as Florida residents and shall not be required to submit additional residency documentation for tuition purposes for the duration of the exemption or waiver eligibility period.” http://www.mdc.edu/main/flresidency/classification.aspx

10

There are three reasons the current allotment is insufficient.

1. Many former foster youth must take remedial classes that don't count

toward graduation, but that are counted in the 120 hour maximum for

universities.

2. Some degree programs require more than 120 hours.

3. Just like their peers who did not grow up in state care, they may choose to

change majors and need more credits. The average state university

student in Florida takes 16 hours in excess of the 120 hour requirement

for most degrees.16 Former foster youth who have little or no on-going

adult guidance or support may have an even more difficult time selecting

the right path and staying on it to graduate with minimal coursework.

Other students are required to pay tuition for courses that do count toward

graduation but are excluded from the tuition exemption. Students who have the

opportunity to take graduate classes as undergraduates are required to pay tuition

by some schools. At the other end of the spectrum, students who have to repeat a

class for a third time are charged out-of-state tuition for the course. We have heard,

but cannot confirm, that at some schools students who choose to register before

the last day of registration have to pay as well.

C. Eligible Students Are Not Aware of the Exemption.

Each year, Florida colleges and universities enroll students who are not

aware that they are eligible for the tuition and fee exemption. We suspect this is

primarily a problem for students who were not in licensed care when they turned

18 – and therefore did not have the ongoing support of an independent living

caseworker. Another reason for this disconnect might be that many former foster

youth are not ready to begin higher education until their early 20s after they have

no further legal relationship with their Community Based Care provider. In any

event, we have heard of a number of youth who have paid for tuition when, in fact,

they were entitled to the exemption.

Most school websites do not inform students about the tuition waiver. (See

Exhibit B.) Even the Florida Department of Education website does not adequately

inform students about the exemption. Nor does it appear that schools use the data

from the financial aid form to alert students to the possibility that they might qualify

for the exemption.

D. Lack of Eligibility

As noted in the preceding section, there is a cohort of students who come

16 See, Florida Board of Governors, Information Brief, Vol 1., Issue 4, How Long do Students Take to

Graduate in the State University System (2004).

11

from similar circumstances but are not currently eligible for the tuition exemption

under the statute.

V. Recommended Solutions

This paper is not intended to provide comprehensive recommendations for

overcoming the barriers to usage of the tuition and fee exemption. We do, however

offer the following ideas as starting points for addressing the concerns identified in

this paper.

A. Onerous Paperwork Requirements and Procedural Hurdles

The SUS and Florida College System should create uniform requirements,

procedures, and forms for implementation of tuition exemption. The process should

be clear, simple, minimize repetition and eliminate unnecessary paperwork. It

should not place any additional burden on students who use the exemption (e.g.

delayed registration.) This can be achieved through rulemaking or sharing best

practices.

B. Limitation on Credit Hours and Courses

For purposes of ensuring that the greatest number of students have an

opportunity to complete an undergraduate education without the payment of

tuition or fees, the SUS and Florida College System could adopt administrative rules

that:

1. Remove restrictions on the number of credit hours for which students can

use the exemption. Alternatively, enlarge the number of hours to one that

accommodates the needs of former foster youth.

2. Specify that remedial or other college preparatory classes do not count

toward the maximum limit on credit hours.

3. Eliminate the limitations on the types of courses that are covered under

the exemption (graduate classes, classes taken a third time).

Additionally, the statute as written does not limit the tuition exemption to an

undergraduate degree. The SUS has imposed such a limitation in its rule. Advocates

should seek a reexamination of this position.

C. Eligible Students Are Not Aware of the Exemption.

There are a number of steps that schools and the State can take to ensure

that all eligible students know about the tuition and fee exemption.

1. Use the school website to inform students about the tuition and fee

exemption. See e.g. Tallahassee Community College and St. Petersburg College.

12

2. Place information about the on the tuition and fee exemption on the

Florida DOE financial aid website.

3. Develop a process for Financial Aid offices to flag and follow up with

applicants who may be eligible – at a minimum, applicants whose FAFSA form has

the answer “yes” to either question 52 or 54 (or their equivalent in the future).17 A

yes answer should trigger an individual inquiry to determine whether the

student is eligible for the tuition exemption.

D. Lack of Eligibility

1. Students who were placed with “non-relatives.” This category of youth can

be addressed with a rule or other official interpretation that defines, “in the custody

of the DCF” to include children who are in state care and placed in a non-relative

placement. Alternatively, the statute could be changed to include youth in those

placements.

2. Students placed with relatives, but not in the “Relative Caregiver Program.”

This requires a statutory change.

3. Students Placed into Guardianship. A rule interpretation that broadens the

definition of the “in the custody of DCF” would permit students who were placed

with relatives or non-relatives prior to guardianship to become eligible for the

exemption. Those students, and others placed into guardianship prior to age 16

could also be added with a statutory change.

4. Students Adopted prior to May 5, 1997. This requires a statutory change.

5. Students Reunified Prior to age 18. This requires a statutory change.

Conclusion

Florida is to be commended for its serious and sustained effort to assist

former foster youth in completing higher education. This paper demonstrates,

however, that we can do better. We can build on the strong foundation to make

higher education a reality for more former foster youth.

17 Beginning in 2009-10, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (required of all students seeking financial aid), included questions to clarify the student’s status as a dependent. The current questions are:

52. At any time since you turned age 13, were both your parents deceased, were you in foster care or were you a dependent or ward of the court?

54. As determined by a court in your state of legal residence, are you or were you in legal guardianship?

13

Appendix A

Composite of Statutes & Rules

Footnote 4:

1988 Fla. Stat §240.235(5) Fees.--

(a) Any student for whom the state is paying a foster care board payment pursuant

to s. 409.145(3) or parts III and V of chapter 39, for whom the permanency planning

goal pursuant to part V of chapter 39 is long-term foster care or independent living

shall be exempt from the payment of all undergraduate fees, including fees

associated with enrollment in college-preparatory instruction or completion of

college-level communication and computation skills testing programs. Before a fee

exemption can be given, the student shall have applied for and been denied financial

aid, pursuant to s. 240.404, which would have provided, at a minimum, payment of

all undergraduate fees.

(b) Any student qualifying for a fee exemption under this subsection shall receive

such an exemption for not more than 4 consecutive years or eight semesters unless

the student is participating in college-preparatory instruction or is requiring

additional time to complete the college-level communication and computation skills

testing programs. Such a student shall be eligible to receive a fee exemption for a

maximum of 5 consecutive years or 10 semesters.

(c) As a condition for continued fee exemption, a student shall have earned a grade

point average of at least 2.0 on a 4.0 scale for the previous term, maintain at least an

overall 2.0 average for college work, or have an average below 2.0 for only the

previous term and be eligible for continued enrollment in the institution.

Footnote 5:

Fla. Stat. §1001.706(2):

(a) Pursuant to s. 7, Art. IX of the State Constitution, the board of governors has

the authority to regulate the State University System and may adopt a regulation

development procedure for the board of governors and the university boards of

trustees to use in implementing their constitutional duties and responsibilities.

Footnote 6:

7.008 Waiver of Tuition and Fees

(6) Florida Department of Children and Family Service Adoptions - Each university

board of trustees shall waive tuition and associated fees for any student who is or

was at the time he or she reached the age of 18 in the custody of the Department of

Children and Family Services or a relative under s. 39.5085; who was adopted from

the Department of Children and Family Services after May 5, 1997; or was placed in

a guardianship by a court after spending at least 6 months in the custody of the

Department after reaching 16 years of age. Additionally, material and supply fees

and fees associated with enrollment in career-preparatory instruction shall be

waived. Any student requesting such a waiver must provide certification of

14

eligibility from the Department of Children and Family Services to the university in

which the student seeks to enroll. This waiver shall remain valid up until the time

the student reaches the age of 28, and shall be limited to undergraduate degree

programs, and shall not exceed 120 credit hours.

Available at:

http://www.flbog.edu/documents_regulations/regulations/2013_11_21_7_008waiv

eroftuitionandfeewaiversFINAL.pdf

Footnote 8:

1001.02 General powers of State Board of Education.—

(1) The State Board of Education is the chief implementing and coordinating body

of public education in Florida except for the State University System, and it shall

focus on high-level policy decisions. It has authority to adopt rules pursuant to ss.

120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of law conferring duties upon it

for the improvement of the state system of K-20 public education except for the

State University System. Except as otherwise provided herein, it may, as it finds

appropriate, delegate its general powers to the Commissioner of Education or the

directors of the divisions of the department.

***

(6) The State Board of Education shall prescribe minimum standards, definitions,

and guidelines for Florida College System institutions that will ensure the quality of

education, coordination among the Florida College System institutions and state

universities, and efficient progress toward accomplishing the Florida College System

institution mission. At a minimum, these rules must address:

(e) Student admissions, conduct and discipline, nonclassroom activities, and fees.

(f) Budgeting.

(g) Business and financial matters.

Footnote 10:

1001.64 Florida College System institution boards of trustees; powers and

duties.—

(4)(a) The board of trustees, after considering recommendations submitted by the

Florida College System institution president, may adopt rules pursuant to ss.

120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of law conferring duties upon it.

These rules may supplement those prescribed by the State Board of Education if

they will contribute to the more orderly and efficient operation of Florida College

System institutions.

(b) Each board of trustees is specifically authorized to adopt rules, procedures,

and policies, consistent with law and rules of the State Board of Education, related

to its mission and responsibilities as set forth in s. 1004.65, its governance,

personnel, budget and finance, administration, programs, curriculum and

instruction, buildings and grounds, travel and purchasing, technology, students,

contracts and grants, or college property.

***

15

(44) Each board of trustees may adopt rules, procedures, and policies related to

institutional governance, administration, and management in order to promote

orderly and efficient operation, including, but not limited to, financial management,

budget management, physical plant management, and property management.

Footnote 11:

Broward College Policy No. 6Hx2-5.11 Foster Care. After registering, a state foster

care board student can apply to have all matriculation and tuition fees waived up to

a maximum of 32 credit hours per academic year. The waiver is for 2 consecutive

years or 4 semesters, but may be extended for 3 years of 6 semesters if a student is

in college preparatory courses. The student must apply and be denied financial aid

in order to be eligible for the waiver. The fee waiver includes special charges. All

courses must be taken for credit and must be completed for credit.

Available at

http://www.broward.edu/PolicyAndProcedure/PolicyAndProcedure/SupportingCo

ntent/Pro511.pdf

16

Appendix B

Summary of Information That Colleges & Universities

Published on the Web in 2012 Regarding Tuition Exemption

We had law students examine all of the websites for Florida’s public colleges and

universities in 2012. They were asked to ascertain whether the tuition exemption

was mentioned on the website and whether the school had any policies or

procedures regarding the exemption. Here’s what we learned.

Is the Tuition Exemption Mentioned on the Website?

Universities: Nine of the eleven state universities made no mention of the tuition

exemption on their websites. Florida Atlantic University provided the language of

the statute on its financial aid page for Veterans. Only the University of Central

Florida mentioned the tuition exemption on its website in a way that was intended

to inform and assist former foster youth who want to attend school there.

Colleges: Twenty-three of the 28 colleges in the Florida College System made no

effort to advise students about the tuition exemption on their website. The

following schools made some mention: College of Central Florida, Florida State

College at Jacksonville, Miami Dade College, St. Petersburg College, and Tallahassee

Community College. Tallahassee Community College made a special effort to

address former foster youth about the tuition exemption. As noted below, a few

other schools had policies or procedures concerning the exemption which could be

found on the web by students who search diligently.

Does the School Have Policies or Procedures Regarding the Tuition

Exemption?

Universities:

Five universities had some policy or procedure that discusses the tuition exemption.

Two referenced the current version of the statute:

Florida Atlantic University’s discussion of the tuition exemption was

incomplete, however in that it does not include youth who were placed with

family members under the relative caregiver statute. Moreover, it required

the submission of a letter on DCF letterhead, when in fact the issuance of

eligibility letters would most likely come from the Community Based Care

Lead Agency.

University of Central Florida appeared to require the submission of the

eligibility letter each semester. It also limited eligibility for students whose

letters of eligibility were drawn prior to July 1, 2010 to 4 years post high

school or age 24.

17

Three schools had policies that cited to a previous version of the statute:

The University of Florida’ registrar’s policies cited the older version of the

law that made the exemption available to students who get foster care board

payments.

The University of South Florida similarly cited a previous version of the

statute in its cash accounting policies. It also required students to submit a

form each term.

The University of West Florida discussed eligibility relating to the receipt of

foster care board payments, and noted the out-dated requirement that

students apply for and be denied financial aid before obtaining the

exemption.

Colleges:

Broward County College imposed a credit limitation on the use of the tuition

exemption. It limited students to a maximum of 32 credit hours per year and two

years or four semesters; or 3 years and six semesters if enrolled in college

preparatory courses.

College of Central Florida appeared to require the exemption paperwork to be

provided by a DCF staff person, rather than a CBC staff person.

Florida State College at Jacksonville provided general information and directs

students to the Business Office for additional information.

Miami Dade College cited a previous version of the statute that did not include

students placed into guardianship after age 16. Moreover, it limited the exemption

to 4 years after high school graduation.

Santa Fe Community College had a generic policy that requires persons using fee

waivers to register on the last day of registration. (It’s not known whether they

apply this policy to former foster youth using the tuition exemption.)

St. Petersburg College provided access to a form, but access is restricted to students

so we could not review. We have been advised that the school has streamlined the

process to facilitate registration for continuing students and may have a model

process that other schools should consider.

Conclusion

At the time of our survey, only one college – Tallahassee Community College

and one university, University of Central Florida made a concerted effort to notify

students about the availability of the tuition exemption. Less than half (5 of the 11)

18

of the universities and only a quarter (7 of the 28 ) of the colleges had some

information about the tuition exemption on their website. The majority of the

schools that had some information – either had incorrect information concerning

eligibility or impose limitations not required by law.

19

Appendix C

Young Adults Eligible for Tuition Exemption (email excerpt)

From: John Jackson <John_Jackson@dcf.state.fl.us>

Subject: Re: Tuition Exemption Public Records Request

Date: July 2, 2012 10:43:00 AM EDT

To: Robin Rosenberg <robin.rosenberg@floridaschildrenfirst.org>

***

The total count as of today is 12,969.

The breakouts are:

a) aged out of licensed foster care: 11,204

b) were discharged to guardianship at the age of 16 or older after having

been in licensed care the immediate six months prior: 1,609

c) were discharged to adoption at the age of 16 or older after having been

in licensed care the immediate six months prior: 2131

d) were in an approved relative placement when they turned 18 years of age:

1,151

John M. Jackson

Assistant General Counsel

Department of Children and Families

This message is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to

which it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged,

confidential and exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If you are

not the intended recipient, please notify the sender, delete this message,

and do not use, disseminate, or copy its contents. Thank you.

1 These 213 teens were deleted from the total used in the White Paper to avoid overlap with the data

on all adopted children