TUGAS AKHIR

PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN

KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC

DENGAN PENDEKATAN FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (FTA)

(Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan PT. Sugih Alamanugroho)

Disusun Oleh:

ALFIN HENDRI PURNOMO

2015012075

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA

YOGYAKARTA

2020

I

TUGAS AKHIR

PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN

KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC

DENGAN PENDEKATAN FAULT TREE ANALYSIS (FTA)

(Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan PT. Sugih Alamanugroho)

Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan mencapai derajat Sarjana S1

Pada Program Studi Teknik Industri

Disusun Oleh:

ALFIN HENDRI PURNOMO

2015012075

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA

YOGYAKARTA

2020

II

III

IV

V

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur dipanjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa sehingga tugas akhir

ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Tugas akhir ini diajukan untuk

memenuhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh derajat kesarjanaan Strata-1

pada Program Studi Teknik Industri Fakultas Teknik Universitas

Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta.

Tugas akhir ini diberi judul Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan

Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Menggunakan Metode HIRARC Dengan Pendekatan

Fault Tree Analiysis (FTA)

Penyusun mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah

membantu dalam penyelesaian tugas akhir ini. Ucapan tersebut ditujukan

kepada:

1. Retno Widiastuti, S.T., M.Eng., selaku dosen pembimbing utama,

2. Emmy Nurhayati, S.T., M.Eng., selaku dosen pembimbing kedua,

3. Ag Eko Susetyo, S.T., M.Sc. selaku dosen penguji,

4. Orang tua tercinta, adik, serta teman-teman yang telah

memberikan

dorongan dan masukan kepada penyusun.

Akhir kata semoga tugas akhir ini dapat bermanfaat bagi rekan-rekan

mahasiswa pada umumnya dan penyusun pada khususnya.

Yogyakarta, 09

Januari 2020

VI

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL............................................................................................... I

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ............................................................................. II

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... III

SURAT PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................... IV

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... V

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ VI

DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................. VIII

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... IX

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ X

INTISARI ............................................................................................................ XI

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... XII

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................ 4

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 4

1.4 Batas Masalah .................................................................................................. 4

1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................... 4

BAB II. LANDASAN TEORI

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka .............................................................................................. 6

2.2.1 State Of The Art ....................................................................................... 7

2.2 Landasan Teori ................................................................................................ 13

2.2.1 Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja ........................................................... 13

2.2.2 Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja ............................ 14

2.2.3 Potensi dan Bahaya Kerja .......................................................................... 15

2.2.4. Manajemen Bahaya Kerja ....................................................................... 18

2.2.5. Pengertian Risiko ................................................................................... 23

2.2.6. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) ................................ 24

2.2.7. Definisi Potensi Bahaya .......................................................................... 25

2.2.8. Pengertian Risiko ................................................................................... 26

2.2.9. Pengendalian Risiko ............................................................................... 29

VII

2.2.10. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) .................................................................... 32

2.2.11. Prosedur Fault Tree Analysis ............................................................... 33

BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Objek dan Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................. 34

3.2 Data yang Diperlukan....................................................................................... 34

3.3 Metode Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................. 34

3.4 Metode Penelitian ........................................................................................... 35

3.5 Diagram Alir .................................................................................................... 36

BAB IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

4.1 Hasil Pengumpulan Data .................................................................................. 37

4.1.1 Data HIRA ................................................................................................ 37

4.1.2 Data Potensi Bahaya .................................................................................. 37

4.2 Pengolahan Data .............................................................................................. 44

4.2.1 Identifikasi Bahaya .................................................................................... 44

4.2.2 Penilaian Risiko ........................................................................................ 47

4.2.3 Pengendalian Risiko .................................................................................. 50

4.3 Pembahasan ..................................................................................................... 52

4.3.1 Analisis Penilaian Risiko Bahaya .............................................................. 52

4.3.2 Chart/ grafik penilaian risiko ..................................................................... 53

4.3.3 Pengendalian Risiko .................................................................................. 57

BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................... 62

5.2 Saran ................................................................................................................ 62

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 64

LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................................... 67

VIII

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 State of The Art....................................................................................... 7

Tabel 2.2 Tingkat Keparahan ................................................................................. 28

Tabel 3.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................... 36

Tabel 4.1 Tabel Identifikasi Bahaya ....................................................................... 44

Tabel 4.2.2 Penilaian Risiko................................................................................... 47

Tabel 4.2.3 Pengendalian Risiko ............................................................................ 50

Tabel 4.2.4 Penilaian Risiko Bahaya ...................................................................... 55

IX

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Matriks Penilaian Risiko ..................................................................... 27

Gambar 2.2 Hierarki Pengendalian Resiko Bahaya ................................................ 29

Gambar 3.1 Gambar Flowchart Penelitian ............................................................. 36

Gambar 4.1 Penambangan Batu kapur .................................................................... 37

Gambar 4.2 Penambangan Batu Kapur ................................................................... 38

Gambar 4.3 Stock/barak ......................................................................................... 39

Gambar 4.4 Stock/barak ......................................................................................... 39

Gambar 4.5 Stone Crusher (Crusher 1) .................................................................. 40

Gambar 4.6 Stone Crusher (Crusher 1) .................................................................. 40

Gambar 4.7 Hammer Mill ...................................................................................... 41

Gambar 4.8 Grinding Mill ...................................................................................... 41

Gambar 4.9 Proses Penjahitan ................................................................................ 42

Gambar 4.10 Proses Pengepackan .......................................................................... 42

Gambar 4.11 Gudang Hasil Produksi ..................................................................... 43

Gambar 4.12 Gudang Hasil Produksi ..................................................................... 43

Gambar 4.13 Grafik ............................................................................................... 53

Gambar 4.15 . Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) ............................................................ 59

Gambar 4.16 . Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) ............................................................ 60

X

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Gambar 2.1 Matriks Penilaian Risiko ......................................................................... 27

Gambar 2.2 Hierarki Pengendalian Resiko Bahaya ................................................ 29

Gambar 3.1 Gambar Flowchart Penelitian ............................................................. 35

Gambar 4.1 Penambangan Batu kapur bagian utara ................................................ 36

Gambar 4.2 Penambangan Batu kapur bagian selatan ............................................. 37

Gambar 4.3 Stock/barak bagian selatan .................................................................. 38

Gambar 4.4 Stock/barak bagian utara ..................................................................... 38

Gambar 4.5 Stone Crusher (Crusher 1) .................................................................. 39

Gambar 4.6 pengambilan batu kapur ...................................................................... 39

Gambar 4.7 Hammer Mill ...................................................................................... 40

Gambar 4.8 Grinding Mill ...................................................................................... 40

Gambar 4.9 Proses Penjahitan ................................................................................ 41

Gambar 4.10 Proses Pengepackan .......................................................................... 41

Gambar 4.11 Gudang Hasil Produksi bagian Barat ................................................. 42

Gambar 4.12 Gudang Hasil Produksi bagian timur ................................................. 42

Gambar 4.13 Grafik ............................................................................................... 51

Gambar 4.15 . Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Terjepit Hammer Mill .......................... 57

Gambar 4.16 . Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Tertimpa batu kapur ............................. 58

XI

INTISARI

PT. Sugih Alamanugroho terdapat permasalahan mengenai pekerja yang

kurang perhatian akan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja salah satunya tidak

mengunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) di bagian produksi yang akan

menyebabkan kesehatannya terganggu. salah satunya tidak menggunakan sarung

tangan, sepatu dan masih ada sebagian yang tidak menggunakan masker maka di

perlukan penelitian mengenai Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) di P.T Sugih

Alamanugroho diharapkan hasil dari penelitian ini akan diperoleh potensi bahaya

apa saja yang akan terjadi pada pekerjaan dan berapa nilai risiko di PT. Sugih

Alam Anugroho Setelah itu akan diidentifikasi bagaimana cara mengendalikan

bahaya tersebut.

Penelitian ini menggunakan Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

(HIRA) merupakan salah satu metode identifikasi kecelakaan kerja dengan

penilaian risiko sebagai salah satu poin penting untuk mengimplementasikan

Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3). Dilakukannya

HIRA bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi – potensi bahaya yang terdapat di

suatu perusahaan untuk dinilai besarnya peluang terjadinya suatu kecelakaan atau

kerugian.

Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa skor akhir rata-rata dengan

menggunakan metode Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRARC)

diketahui bahwa nilai penilaian risiko bahaya dengan Score Critical 29,22%,

Serious 48,05%, moderate 17,19% dan minour/tolerant 5,19%. Pengendalian

Risiko yaitu dengan cara mennggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) secara

lengkap Sarung tangan safety, masker, helmet, sepatu safety, kacamata safety

sehingga nilai yang ditimbulkan berkurang tidak terlalu fatalitiy jika terjadi

insiden kecelakaan kerja dan perlunya koordinasi pihak pengawas K3 dengan

pekerja agar pekerja sadar bahwa pentingnya menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri

(APD).

Kata Kunci : Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRARC),Fault Tree

Analysis (FTA)

XII

ABSTRACT

PT. Sugih Alamanugroho there are problems regarding workers who

are less concerned about Occupational Safety and Health, one of which is not

using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the production department which

will cause their health to be impaired. one of them does not use gloves, shoes and

there are still some who do not wear masks so in need of research on

Occupational Health Safety (K3) at PT Sugih Alamanugroho it is expected that

the results of this research will be obtained any potential hazards that will occur

at work and at what value risk at PT. Sugih Alam Anugroho After that will be

identified how to control the danger.

This study uses Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA)

which is one method of identification of work accidents with risk assessment as

one of the important points for implementing the Occupational Safety and Health

Management System (SMK3). The implementation of HIRA aims to identify the

potential hazards in a company to assess the magnitude of the chance of an

accident or loss.

The results of this study found that the average final score using the

Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRARC) method is known that the value

of hazard risk assessment with a Critical Score of 29.22%, Serious 48.05%,

moderate 17.19% and minimum / tolerant 5 , 19%. Risk control is by means of

using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in full. Safety gloves, masks, helmets,

safety shoes, safety glasses so that the value caused is not too fatal in the event of

a work accident and the need for coordination of K3 supervisors with workers so

that workers aware that it is important to use Personal Protective Equipment

(PPE).

Keywords: Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (HIRARC), Fault Tree Analysis

(FTA)