TTH 610 01 -- FOUNDATIONS OF THEOLOGY Instructor: Jack CottrellASSIGNMENTS – SPRING 2012 Three credit hours

A. Rationale for the Course.Understood as the study of the Bible subject by subject, theology is in a real sense the goal and culmination of Biblical studies, and has always been part of the very core of seminary curricula. This particular course is designed as an introduction to theological studies. As such it discusses the nature, the sources, the method, and especially the norm and basis of theology, i.e., the Bible. By focusing on the nature of the Bible as revealed, inspired, and inerrant, this course is intended to instill confidence in Christian workers in their ability to communicate truth about God and his world to others.

B. Objectives of the Course. After taking this course, the student should --1. Know what theology is.2. Understand how one should go about "doing" theology.3. Understand what the Bible teaches about its own nature.4. Understand and be able to refute the major attacks on Biblical authority.5. Have a firm commitment to the reality of truth and sound doctrine.

C. Class Sessions. This course meets on Tuesdays, 3:20 – 6:00 p.m., from January 17 through May 8, 2012. The student should bring to class a Bible (NASB preferred but not essential) and the course outline (available online through the Moodle system). Do not eat meals during class sessions.

D. Absence Policy. The student is expected to attend each class session. If an absence is necessary, the student should arrange for a fellow student to record that session and should listen to the recording. Three absences may require extra work; four absences may result in dismissal from the course.

E. Grade Determination. The following values will be given to specific assignments: reading statements, 10% (total); Read & Reports 40% (total); mid-term exam, 20%; final paper, 30%.

F. Explanation of Assignments.1. Reading statements. On the due dates: submit a 3x5 card, or similar paper, or an e-mail,

including your name, date, name(s) of assignment(s), and a simple statement declaring THAT the reading has been completed. If the whole assignment has not been completed, state how much was completed. A one-week grace period will be allowed in reference to the due dates.

2. Read & Report. Read the assigned work and submit a report that includes a good solid paragraph about each of the following 12-16 items. Use an outline format: I.A., I.B., II.A., etc.

a. 3 or 4 things from the book that were a new or different way of thinking for me (explain).b. 3 or 4 things about the book that were disappointing or with which I did not agree, and why.c. 3 or 4 things from the book that I still have questions about, and why.d. 3 or 4 things from the book that will be useful for my life and ministry, and why.

G. Schedule of Assignments.

Jan. 17 -- First day of class

Feb. 7 -- (1) Read J. Cottrell, Solid! The Authority of God's Word (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers; previously printed by Standard Publishing, 1978; Baker Book House, 1979; and College Press, 1991). (2) Read J. Cottrell, Faith’s Fundamentals: Seven

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Essentials of Christian Belief (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers; previously printed by Standard Publishing, 1995), pp. 9-44. STATEMENT DUE.

Feb. 28 -- READ & REPORT #1. Submit an R&R on ONE of the following books:

Barnes, Tom. Every Word Counts: Inerrant, Infallible, Unchanging. Carlisle, PA: EP Books, 2010.

Henard, William; and Adam Greenway, eds. Evangelicals Engaging Emergent: A Discussion of the Emerging Church Movement. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2009. Read these pages only: 1-46, 92-260, 334-336.

Thompson, Mark D. A Clear and Present Word: The Clarity of Scripture. Downers Grove: Intervarsity Press, 2006. Exclude chapter 4.

March 6 -- Spring break; no class.

March 13 -- Read two chapters only (pp. 151-226) from Norman Geisler, ed., Inerrancy (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1979), thus: ch. 6, “The Inerrancy of the Autographa,” by Greg Bahnsen; and ch. 7, “The Adequacy of Human Language,” by J. I. Packer. STATEMENT DUE.

On this date a take-home mid-term exam will be distributed.

March 20 -- Return the completed exam at the beginning of the class session. NO EXCEPTIONS.

March 27 -- (1) Read J. Cottrell, “Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Inerrancy,” in Restoration Forum VI (Joplin: College Press, 1988), pp. 70-97. (2) Read J. Cottrell, “The Nature of Biblical Authority: A Conservative Perspective,” in Conservative, Moderate, Liberal: The Biblical Authority Debate, ed. Charles R. Blaisdell (St. Louis: CBP Press, 1990), pp. 21-55. (3) Read J. Cottrell, The Faith Once for All: Bible Doctrine for Today (Joplin, MO: College Press, 2002), “Introduction,” pp. 9-36. STATEMENT DUE.

April 17 -- READ & REPORT #2. Submit an R&R on this book: Norman Geisler and William C. Roach, Defending Inerrancy: Affirming the Accuracy of Scripture for a New Generation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012.

May 1 -- Submit a FINAL ESSAY (about 2,000 words) explaining the following: “Truth, Life, and

Ministry: What I Learned in This Course, and How I Plan to Apply It.” Put the word count

on the title page.

May 8 -- Final day of class.

H. Communication with Instructor: (1) Mailing address: 2700 Glenway Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45204. (2) E-mail: jack.cottrell@ccuniversity.edu (3) Phone: 513-244-8166 (school); 812-637-9628 (home).

I. The professor reserves the right to make changes to this syllabus as determined necessary.

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Bibliography forFOUNDATIONS OF THEOLOGY

Cincinnati Bible SeminarySPRING 2012

PART ONE: THE WORD OF GOD

(An asterisk * means the book is recommended.)I. General Works

Abba, Raymond. The Nature and Authority of the Bible. Revised ed. Cambridge: James Clarke, 1992 (1958). Moderate to liberal.

Achtemeier, Paul J. Inspiration and Authority: The Nature and Function of Christian Scripture. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1999. Revision of the Inspiration of Scripture: Problems and Proposals.

Ackroyd, P. R., et al., editors. Cambridge History of the Bible, 3 vols. Cambridge: University Press, 1963-1970.

Armstrong, John H., ed. The Coming Evangelical Crisis: Current Challenges to the Authority of Scripture and the Gospel. Chicago: Moody Press, 1996.

Bacote, Vincent E., et al., editors. Evangelicals and Scripture: Tradition, Authority and Hermeneutics. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2004.

*Barnes, Tom. Every Word Counts: Inerrant, Infallible, Unchanging. Carlisle, PA: EP Books, 2010.

Barr, James. The Bible in the Modern World. London: SCM, 1990. Liberal. (NY: Harper & Row, 1973)

Barr, James. Holy Scripture: Canon, Authority, Criticism. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1983. Liberal.

Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics, Vol. I, Parts I & II: The Doctrine of the Word of God, 2 vols., tr. G. T. Thomson and Harold Knight. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1936, 1956. Classic Neo-orthodoxy.

Berkouwer, G. C. Holy Scripture, tr. Jack B. Rogers. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1975. Scholarly evangelical work; denies inerrancy.

Bloesch, Donald G. Holy Scripture: Revelation, Inspiration and Interpretation. "Christian Foundations," vol. 2. Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 1994. Left-wing evangelical.

Boring, M. Eugene. Disciples and the Bible: A History of Disciples Biblical Interpretation in North America. St. Louis: Chalice Press, 1997.

Boice, James Montgomery. Standing on the Rock: Upholding Biblical Authority in a Secular Age. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1999. Defends the infallibility and authority of Scripture.

Bush, L. Russ, and Tom J. Nettles. Baptists and the Bible. Revised edition. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 1999.

*Cottrell, Jack. Solid! The Authority of God's Word. Joplin, MO: College Press, 1991 reprint of 1978 work. Concise and non-technical. This is the same as The Authority of the Bible, published by Baker in 1979.

Callahan, James. The Clarity of Scripture. Downers Grove: IVP, 2001. Crampton, W. Gary. The Bible: God's Word. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed,

1990. Basic conservative viewpoint.*Dockery, David S. Christian Scripture: An Evangelical Perspective on Inspiration, Authority

and Interpretation. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1995. Edwards, Brian H. Nothing but the Truth: The Inspiration, Authority and History of the

Bible Explained. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1993. Defends inerrancy.

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Enns, Peter. Inspiration and Incarnation: Evangelicals and the Problem of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005. Deals with serious challenges to the conservative view of Scripture.

Erickson, Millard J. Evangelical Interpretation: Perspectives on Hermeneutical Issues. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993. Collection of essays, some of which touch on the nature of Scripture.

Fackre, Gabriel. The Christian Story: A Pastoral Systematics, Vol. II: Authority: Scripture in the Church for the World. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987. Surveys the options and defends a non-conservative view.

Fosdick, Harry Emerson. The Modern Use of the Bible. New York: Macmillan, 1924. The classical liberal view.

*Frame, John M. The Doctrine of the Word of God. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2010. Conservative; very thorough: 300+ pages of text; 300+ pages of appendices.

France, R. T. Jesus and the Old Testament. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1972. Conservative.

Geisler, Norman L. Decide for Yourself: How History Views the Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982. Brief survey of various approaches to the nature of the Bible, illustrated via excerpts from those who represent those views.

*Geisler, Norman L., and William E. Nix. A General Introduction to the Bible, revised ed. Chicago: Moody, 1986 (1968). Has a good section on the nature of the Bible.

Geisler, Norman L. Systematic Theology, Volume 1: Introduction; Bible. Minneapolis: Bethany House,

2002. Part Two is relevant here. Goldingay, John. Models for Scripture. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994. Greenspahn, Frederick E., ed. Scripture in the Jewish and Christian Traditions: Authority,

Interpretation, Relevance. Nashville: Abingdon, 1982. Three essays on each topic by a Jewish, a Roman Catholic, and a Protestant author.

Hauerwas, Stanley. Unleashing the Scripture: Freeing the Bible from Captivity to America. Nashville: Abingdon, 1993. Critical of the conservative view.

Helm, Paul; and Carl R. Trueman, eds. The Trustworthiness of God: Perspectives on the Nature of Scripture. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.*Henry, Carl F. H. God, Revelation and Authority, Vols. I - IV . Waco: Word, 1976-1979.

These first four volumes of Henry's six-volume work give a scholarly, detailed, conservative view of Scripture.

*Henry, Carl F. H., ed. Revelation and the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1958. Some excellent conservative material.

Kimball, William R. The Book of Books. Joplin, MO: College Press, 1986. The basic conservative viewpoint.

Lewis, John M. Revelation, Inspiration, Scripture. Nashville: Broadman, 1985. "Layman's Library of Christian Doctrine." Basic conservative viewpoint.

Lightner, Robert P. The Saviour and the Scriptures. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1966. Conservative.

McDonald, Hugh D. What the Bible Teaches About the Bible. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale: 1979. McKim, Donald K. What Christians Believe About the Bible. Nashville: Nelson, 1985.

Surveys the spectrum of viewpoints. McKim, Donald K., ed. The Authoritative Word: Essays on the Nature of Scripture. Grand

Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983. The authors are mostly conservative but do not accept inerrancy.

Morrison, John Douglas. Has God Said? Scripture, the Word of God, and the Crisis of Theological Authority. “The Evangelical Theological Society Monograph Series,” Vol. 5. Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2006. Largely historical, mostly conservative.

Moo, Douglas, ed. Biblical Authority and Conservative Perspectives: Viewpoints from Trinity Journal. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1997. Collection of articlesfrom a conservative scholarly journal.

Muller, Richard. Post - Reformation Reformed Dogmatics, Vol. 2: Holy Scripture, the Cognitive Foundation of Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993.

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Newport, John P., and William Cannon. Why Christians Fight Over the Bible. Nashville: Nelson, 1974. Explains the issues.

*Nichols, Stephen J., & Eric T. Brandt. Ancient Word, Changing Worlds The Doctrine of Scripture in a Modern Age. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 2009. Very fine survey.

Osborne, Grant R. Three Crucial Questions About the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995. Packer, J. I. God Has Spoken, 3rd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994 (1980). Basic,

conservative.*Packer, J. I. "Fundamentalism" and the Word of God. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1958.

Excellent defense of the conservative view. Packer, J. I. Truth and Power: The Place of Scripture in the Christian Life. Downers Grove,

IL: InterVarsity, 1999. Originally: Wheaton: H. Harold Shaw, 1996.*Pinnock, Clark. Biblical Revelation: The Foundation of Christian Doctrine. Phillipsburg, NJ:

Presbyterian and Reformed, 1985 reprint of 1971 Moody edition. One of the best. Pinnock, Clark H., and Barry Callen. The Scripture Principle: Reclaiming the Full Authority

of the Bible. Second edition. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006. (First edition: San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985.) Basically conservative but questions inerrancy, being more skeptical than his earlier works.

Roennfeldt, Ray C. W. Clark H. Pinnock on Biblical Authority: An Evolving Position. "Dissertation Series." Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 1993.

Runia, Klaas. Karl Barth's Doctrine of Holy Scripture. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962. A conservative critique of Barth.

Smart, James D. The Interpretation of Scripture. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1961. A modern liberal view, critical of the classical conservative view.

Smith, Christian. The Bible Made Impossible: Why Biblicism Is Not a Truly Evangelical Reading of Scripture. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2011. Attacks the high view of Scripture.

Sparks, Kenton L. God’s Word in Human Words: An Evangelical Appropriation of Critical Biblical Scholarship. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008.

Sproul, R. C. Scripture Alone: The Evangelical Doctrine. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2005. A collection of essays.

Stonehouse, Ned, and Paul Woolley, eds. The Infallible Word: A Sysmposium by the Members of the Faculty of Westminster Theological Seminary. 3 ed. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1967 (1946). Conservative; essays by Westminster Theological Seminary faculty.

Tenney, Merrill C., ed. The Bible: The Living Word of Revelation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1968. Very useful conservative essays.

Tenney, Merrill C., ed. The Word for This Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1960. Conservative.

Thomas, Thomas A. The Doctrine of the Word of God. Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1972. Conservative.

*Thompson, Mark D. A Clear and Present Word: The Clarity of Scripture. Downers Grove: IVP, 2006. Important.

Thorsen, Don; and Keith Reeves. What Christians Believe About the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012. Overview.

Turretin, Francis. The Doctrine of Scripture: Locus 2 of Institutio theologiae elencticae , ed. & tr. John W. Beardslee III. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1981. A classic seventeenth century work.

Van Kooten, Tenis. The Bible: God's Word. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1972. Conservative. Veith, Gene Edward. Why God Gave Us a Book. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian &

Reformed, 2011. Brief (48p.) explanation of the sufficiency of the Bible. *Ward, Timothy. Words of Life: Scripture as the Living and Active Word of God. Downers

Grove: IVP, 2009. Recommended. Wells, Paul Ronald. James Barr and the Bible: Critique of a New Liberalism. Phillipsburg,

NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1980. Wenger, John C. God's Word Written: Essays on the Nature of Biblical Revelation,

Inspiration and Authority. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press, 1966. Conservative Mennonite.

Wenham, John. Christ and the Bible, 3rd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994. Originally: Guilford, Surrey: Eagle, 1972. Conservative and useful.

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White, James R. The King James Only Controversy. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1995.White, James R. Scripture Alone: Exploring the Bible’s Accuracy, Authority, and

Authenticity. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 2004. Stresses the sufficiency of Scripture.

Work, Telford. Living and Active: Scripture in the Economy of Salvation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. Presents a Anew doctrine of Scripture that allows us to see the Bible at work accomplishing God’s purposes in the world.@

II. The Doctrine Of Revelation

Avis, Paul, ed. Divine Revelation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997. Eleven essays mostly by low-profile British authors.

*Baillie, John. The Idea of Revelation in Recent Thought. New York: Columbia University Press, 1956. Excellent presentation of the Neo-orthodox view.

Baillie, John, and Hugh Martin, eds. Revelation. New York: Macmillan, 1937. Mostly Neo-orthodox.

Barr, James. Biblical Faith and Natural Theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. Gifford Lectures, 1991. Knowledge of God is possible via general revelation, but not special revelation.

Berkouwer, G. C. General Revelation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1955. Conservative. Brunner, Emil. Revelation and Reason, tr. Olive Wyon. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1946.

Neo-orthodox. Demarest, Bruce A. General Revelation: Historical Views and Contemporary Issues.

Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982. A thorough, scholarly study. Mostly historical but with Biblical conclusions.

Dhavamony, Mariasusai. Revelation in Christianity and Other Religions. Rome: Gregorian University Press, 1971. A comparative study.

Downing, Gerald F. Has Christianity a Revelation? Philadelphia: Westminster, 1967. Liberal skepticism.

Dulles, Avery. Models of Revelation. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Image, 1985. Liberal Roman Catholicism. Discusses revelation as doctrine, history, experience, etc.

Fackre, Gabriel. The Doctrine of Revelation: A Narrative Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Eermans, 1997.

Gunton, Colin E. A Brief Theology of Revelation. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1995. Hackett, Stuart C. The Reconstruction of the Christian Revelation Claim: A Philosophical

and Critical Apologetic. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984. Conservative. Helm, Paul. The Divine Revelation. Westchester, IL: Crossway Books, 1982. A basic

conservative viewpoint. Mavrodes, George I. Revelation in Religious Belief. Philadelphia: Temple University

Press, 1988. Discusses possible modes of revelation. McDonald, H. D. Theories of Revelation: An Historical Study, 1700 - 1960 . Grand Rapids:

Baker, 1979. Reprint in one volume of two volumes originally published in 1959 and 1963. Very useful.

*Morris, Leon. I Believe in Revelation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976. The best concise conservative study.

*Nash, Ronald. The Word of God and the Mind of Man: The Crisis of Revealed Truth in Contemporary Theology. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1992 reprint (1982). Good critique of the liberal viewpoint.

Niebuhr, H. R. The Meaning of Revelation. New York: Macmillan, 1946. A classical liberal work.

Pink, Arthur W. The Doctrine of Revelation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1977. Basic, conservative.

*Ramm, Bernard. Special Revelation and the Word of God. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1961. A good conservative work.

Swinburne, Richard. Revelation: From Metaphor to Analogy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. A philosophical analysis of what would constitute revelation. Makes application to the Bible.

Torrance, T. F. Reality and Evangelical Theology: The Realism of Christian Revelation. Downers Grove: IVP, 1999. Reprint.

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Ward, Keith. Religion and Revelation: A Theology of Revelation in the World's Religions. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Deals with Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism.

Wolterstorff, Nicholas. Divine Discourse: Philosophical Reflections on the Claim That God Speaks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Relatively conservative examination of the possibility of word revelation.

III. The Inspiration Of Scripture

Abraham, William. The Divine Inspiration of Holy Scripture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981. Liberal. Says one must choose either inerrancy or a natural, honest study of Scripture.

Achtemeier, Paul J. The Inspiration of Scripture: Problems and Proposals. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1980. Liberal.

Bannerman, James. Inspiration: The Infallible Truth and Divine Authority of Holy Scriptures. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1865. A conservative classic.

Burtchaell, James T. Catholic Theories of Biblical Inspiration Since 1810: A Review and Critique. Cambridge: University Press, 1969. Scholarly survey.

Farrar, Frederick, et al. Inspiration: A Clerical Symposium. 2 ed. London: James Nisbet, 1885. Moderate to liberal viewpoints.

Gaussen, Louis. Theopneustia: The Plenary Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures, tr. David D. Scott. Edinburgh: Johnstone and Hunter, 1850. A conservative classic reprinted often under slightly different titles, e.g., The Divine Inspiration of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Kregel: 1971), and The Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures (Chicago: Moody, 1949).

Harris, R. Laird. Inspiration and Canonicity of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1957. Conservative.

Hodge, Archibald A., and Benjamin B. Warfield. Inspiration. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1979. Reprint of basic conservative essays.

Marshall, I. Howard. Biblical Inspiration. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982. Basically conservative but mediating on inerrancy.

*McGarvey, J. W. Evidences of Christianity. Nashville: Gospel Advocate, 1956 reprint of a classical Restoration Movement work. Revised by Wallace Wartick and printed as New Testament Evidences by College Press, 1975.

Noll, Mark A., ed. The Princeton Defense of Plenary Verbal Inspiration. New York: Garland, 1988. Reprint in one volume of nine documents by C. Hodge, A. A. Hodge, Warfield, Wm. H. Green, John D. Davis, Vos, Allis, Machen, R. D. Wilson, published 1857-1926.

Pache, Rene. The Inspiration and Authority of Scripture, tr. Helen Needham. Chicago: Moody, 1969; reprint, Salem, WI: Sheffield Publishing, 1992. Conservative.

Robinson, H. Wheeler. Inspiration and Revelation in the Old Testament. New York: Oxford University Press, 1946. A non-conservative, scholarly Biblical study.

Sanday, William. Inspiration: Eight Lectures on the Early History and Origin of the Doctrine of Biblical Inspiration. 3 ed., London: Longmans & Green, 1896. On the liberal side.

Trembath, Kern Robert. Evangelical Theories of Biblical Inspiration. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. A liberal critique of seven major evangelical theories.

Walvoord, John F., ed. Inspiration and Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1957. Conservative.

*Warfield, Benjamin B. Inspiration and Authority of the Bible. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1948. Some of the best and most detailed conservative essays ever written on the subject.

IV. The Inerrancy Of Scripture *Archer, Gleason L., Jr. Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982.

Excellent reference work. Arndt, William. Bible Difficulties and Seeming Contradictions, rev. ed. St. Louis:

Concordia, 1987. Revises and combines Arndt's original two books in one.

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Beegle, Dewey. Scripture, Tradition and Infallibility. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973. Revision of The Inspiration of Scripture (1963), one of the first "evangelical" attacks on inerrancy.

Belcher, Richard P. I Believe in Inerrancy. 3rd ed. Columbia, SC: Richbarry Press, 1987. Biblical, historical & theological presentation. Conservative.

Belcher, Richard P. A Layman's Guide to the Inerrancy Debate. Southbridge, MA: Crowne Publications, reprint of 1980 Moody edition. Responses to questions and objections.

Blomberg, Craig. The Historical Reliability of the Gospels. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1987. A defense.

Boer, Harry R. Above the Battle? The Bible and Its Critics. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977. Another "evangelical" attack on inerrancy.

Boice, James Montgomery, ed. The Foundation of Biblical Authority. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1978. A mostly sound defense.

*Bruce, F. F. The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable? 5 ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1960. While not intending to defend inerrancy, this small volume nevertheless aids the cause.

Carson, D. A., and John D. Woodbridge, eds. Hermeneutics, Authority, and Canon. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995 reprint (1986). Scholarly conservative essays on the implications of inerrancy.

*Carson, D. A., and John D. Woodbridge, eds. Scripture and Truth. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983; reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992. Scholarly conservative essays on finer points of the doctrine of inerrancy.

Conn, Harvie M., ed. Inerrancy and Hermeneutic: A Tradition, a Challenge, a Debate. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1988. Conservative essays relating inerrancy to new theological questions.

Criswell, W. A. Why I Preach That the Bible Is Literally True. Nashville: Broadman, 1969. A defense.

Custer, Stewart. Does Inspiration Demand Inerrancy? Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1968. Says yes.

Davis, Stephen. The Debate About the Bible. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1977. Defends "infallibility" but denies inerrancy.

Engelder, Theodore. Scripture Cannot Be Broken. St. Louis: Concordia, 1945. An early sound defense.

Garrett, Duane A., and Richard R. Melick, Jr., eds. Authority and Interpretation: A Baptist Perspective. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1987. Conservative Southern Baptists defend inerrancy.

Geisler, Norman L., ed. Biblical Errancy: An Analysis of Its Philosophical Roots. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1981.

*Geisler, Norman L.; and William C. Roach. Defending Inerrancy: Affirming the Accuracy of Scripture for a New Generation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012. Recommended.

*Geisler, Norman L., ed. Inerrancy. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1979. The definitive conservative defense of inerrancy.

Geisler, Norman L.; and Thomas Howe. When Critics Ask: A Popular Handbook on Bible Difficulties. Wheaton: Victor Books, 1992. Similar to Archer, above.

Haley, John W. An Examination of the Alleged Discrepancies of the Bible. Nashville: Gospel Advocate, 1951 reprint of 1874 work. Though quite outdated it still has value.

Hannah, John D., ed. Inerrancy and the Church. Chicago: Moody Press, 1984. A conservative historical survey.

Lewis, Gordon, and Bruce Demarest, eds. Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response. Chicago: Moody, 1984. Good conservative scholarship.

Lightner, Robert P. A Biblical Case for Total Inerrancy: How Jesus Viewed the Old Testament. Reprint. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1998. Originally: Grand Rapids: Baker, 1978.

Lindsell, Harold. The Battle for the Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1976. Documents evangelical defections from the inerrancy position.

Lindsell, Harold. The Bible in the Balance. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1979. Response to the critics of Battle.

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*Montgomery, John W., ed. God's Inerrant Word. Minneapolis: Bethany Fellowship, 1974. An excellent collection of essays.

Nicole, Roger, and J. Ramsey Michaels, eds. Inerrancy and Common Sense. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980. Of mixed value.

O'Brien, David E. Today's Handbook for Solving Bible Difficulties. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1990. Offers answers to specific difficulties/apparent contradictions, and also explains the hermeneutic tools behind them.

Pinnock, Clark H. A Defense of Biblical Infallibility. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1967. Brief.

Proceedings of the Conference on Biblical Inerrancy, 1987. Nashville: Broadman, 1987. Papers from the Southern Baptist National Conference on Biblical Inerrancy in May 1987.

Radmacher, Earl, ed. Can We Trust the Bible? Wheaton: Tyndale House, 1979. Conservative.

Richards, Larry. Bible Difficulties Solved: Answers to More Than 500 Baffling Questions. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992.

Robison, James B., ed. The Unfettered Word: Southern Baptists Confront the Authority - Inerrancy Question . Waco: Word, 1987.

Rogers, Jack, ed. Biblical Authority. Waco: Word, 1977. Essays defending an "evangelical" view that denies inerrancy.

Rogers, Jack, and Donald McKim. The Authority and Interpretation of the Bible: An Historical Approach. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1979. A flawed attack on inerrancy from a historical perspective. Refuted by Woodbridge (below).

Schaeffer, Francis. No Final Conflict: The Bible Without Error in All That It Affirms. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1975. Brief and solid.

Seely, Paul H. Inerrant Wisdom: Science and Inerrancy in Biblical Perspective. Portland, OR: Evangelical Reform, 1989. Denies factual inerrancy; defends "sapiential" inerrancy, i.e., the salvation knowledge and spiritual truth of the Bible.

Vos, Howard F., ed. Can I Trust The Bible? Chicago: Moody, 1963. Basic essays. The answer is yes.

White, James Emery. What Is Truth? Nashville: Broadman, 1994. Compares the views of Van Til, Schaeffer, Henry, Bloesch, and Erickson, all of whom defend a version of the correspondence theory, which is vital to inerrancy. Opposes relativism.

White, John H., ed. The Book of Books. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1978. Conservative.

*Woodbridge, John D. Biblical Authority: A Critique of the Rogers/McKim Proposal. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982. A detailed refutation of Rogers and McKim's historical attack on inerrancy.

*Young, Edward J. Thy Word Is Truth. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1957; reprint, Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth, 1963. An early, well-informed defense of inerrancy.

Youngblood, Ronald, ed. Evangelicals and Inerrancy. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1984. A collection of articles from The Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, mostly defending inerrancy.

V. The Authority Of Scripture

Barclay, William. By What Authority? Valley Forge, PA: Judson, 1974. A mediating view.Barr, James. The Scope and Authority of the Bible. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1980.

Liberal.Blaisdell, Charles R., ed. Conservative, Moderate, Liberal: The Biblical Authority Debate.

St. Louis: CBP Press, 1990. Papers from the 1989 Conference on Biblical Authority at Christian Theological Seminary (Disciples) in Indianapolis, with Jack Cottrell representing the conservative viewpoint.

Boice, James Montgomery. Standing on the Rock: Biblical Authority in a Secular Age, revised ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994.

Bright, John. The Authority of the Old Testament. Nashville: Abingdon, 1967. Liberal.Draper, James T. Authority: The Critical Issue for Southern Baptists. Old Tappan, NJ:

Revell, 1984. Discusses the inerrancy issue from within the context of the Southern Baptist Convention.

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Gnuse, Robert. The Authority of the Bible: Theories of Inspiration, Revelation, and the Canon of Scripture. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1985. A liberal critique of various theories.

Jodock, Darrell. The Church's Bible: Its Contemporary Authority. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1989. Discusses history of modern positions on the Bible then presents his own view. Liberal.

Johnson, Robert Clyde. Authority in Protestant Theology. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1959. Liberal.

Johnston, Robert K. Evangelicals at an Impasse: Biblical Authority in Practice. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1979. A mediating evangelical view.

Kelsey, David H. The Uses of Scripture in Recent Theology. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975. Survey of non-conservative views.

Kline, Meredith. The Structure of Biblical Authority. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1972. Conservative.

Lloyd-Jones, D. Martyn. Authority. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1966. Conservative.Miller, Donald G. The Authority of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1972. Moderate

to liberal.O'Neill, J. C. The Bible's Authority: A Portrait Gallery of Thinkers from Lessing to

Bultmann. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1991. Surveys 21 German thinkers up through Barth and Bultmann.

Ramm, Bernard. The Pattern of Religious Authority. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1957. Conservative.

Reid, J. K. S. The Authority of Scripture: A Study of the Reformation and Post - Reformation Understanding of the Bible . London: Methuen, 1957. Liberal.

Richardson, Alan, and W. Schweitzer, eds. Biblical Authority for Today. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1951. Liberal.

Ridderbos, H. N. The Authority of the New Testament Scriptures, tr. H. DeJongste. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1963. Conservative.

PART TWO: THE REALITY OF TRUTH(Including Postmodernism & the Emerging

Church)

Alston, William P. A Realist Conception of Truth. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press, 1997. Beckwith, Francis J., and Gregory Koukl. Relativism: Feet Firmly Planted in Mid - air . Grand

Rapids: Baker, 1998.Berger, Peter L., ed. Between Relativism and Fundamentalism: Religious Resources for a

Middle Position. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010. Affirms the necessity of tolerance.

Burnham, Frederic B., ed. Postmodern Theology: Christian Faith in a Pluralistic World. San Francisco: Harper, 1989.

*Carson, D. A. The Intolerance of Tolerance. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010. Recommended

Carson, D. A., ed. Telling the Truth: Evangelizing Postmoderns. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2000.

Copan, Paul. A True for You But Not for Me @ : Deflating the Slogans That Leave Christians Speechless. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1998.

Cottrell, Jack. Faith ’ s Fundamentals: Seven Essentials of Christian Belief . Cincinnati, Ohio: Standard Publishing, 1995. See chapters 1-3.

Dockery, David S., ed. The Challenge of Postmodernism: An Evangelical Engagement. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2001. Second edition.

Downing, Crystal L. How Postmodernism Serves (My) Faith. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2006. Sympathetic.

Eagleton, Terry. The Illusions of Postmodernism. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1996. Erickson, Millard J. Evangelical Interpretation: Perspectives on Hermeneutical Issues.

Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993. See ch. 5.

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Erickson, Millard J. Postmodernizing the Faith: Evangelical Responses to the Challenge of Postmodernism. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998. “Summary of several evangelical responses.”

Erickson, Millard J. Truth or Consequences: The Promises and Perils of Postmodernism. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2001. His own “in-depth analysis and constructive response.”

Erickson, Millard J. Where Is Theology Going? Issues and Perspectives on the Future of Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. New York: Continuum, 1993 (1975). Classic explanation of revisionist hermeneutics.

Grenz, Stanley J. A Primer on Postmodernism. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996. Groothuis, Douglas. Truth Decay: Defending Christianity Against the Challenges of

Postmodernism. Downers Grove: IVP 2000. Harris, James F. Against Relativism: A Philosophical Defense of Method. Peru, IL: Open

Court, 1992. A secular philosophical attempt to refute modern relativism. *Henard, William; and Adam Greenway, eds. Evangelicals Engaging Emergent: A

Discussion of the Emergent Church Movement. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 2009. Good conservative analysis.

*Johnson, Gary L. W., and Ronald N. Gleason, eds. Reforming or Conforming? Post-Conservative Evangelicals and the Emerging Church. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2008. Good conservative critique.

*Kelly, Stewart E. Truth Considered and Applied: Examining Postmodernism, History, and Christian Faith. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 2011.

Knight, Henry H., III. A Future for Truth: Evangelical Theology in a Postmodern World. Nashville: Abingdon, 1997.

Köstenberger, Andreas, ed. Whatever Happened to Truth? Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2005. Good.

Lundin, Roger. The Culture of Interpretation: Christian Faith and the Postmodern World. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993.

MacArthur, John F., Jr. Reckless Faith: When the Church Loses Its Will To Discern. Wheaton: Crossway, 1994. Defends the concept of sound doctrine.

McCallum, Dennis, ed. The Death of Truth. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1996. McDowell, Josh; and Bob Hostetler. The New Tolerance. Wheaton: Tyndale, 1998. McGrath, Alister. A Passion for Truth: The Intellectual Coherence of Evangelicalism.

Downers Grove: IVP, 1996. Middleton, J. Richard; & Brian J. Walsh. Truth Is Stranger Than It Used To Be: Biblical Faith

in a Postmodern Age. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1995. Nicholson, Michael W. A Theological Analysis and Critique of the Postmodernism Debate.

Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen, 1997. Norris, Christopher. Against Relativism. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1997.Olson, Roger. Reformed and Always Reforming: The Postconservative Approach to

Evangelical Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007. Embraces postmodernism. Focuses on “a personal relationship with Christ over propositions.”

Penner, Myron B., ed. Christianity and the Postmodern Turn. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2005. “Presents a variety of positions in dialogue with each other.”

Phillips, Timothy R.; and Dennis L. Okholm, eds. Christian Apologetics in the Postmodern World. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1995.

Raschke, Carl. The Next Reformation: Why Evangelicals Must Embrace Postmodernity. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2004. What postmodernism is and what it is not, and why it will save Evangelicalism. Careful!

Sire, James. Why Should Anyone Believe Anything at All? Downers Grove: IVP, 1994.Smith, James K. A. Who’s Afraid of Postmodernism? Taking Derrida, Lyotard, and Foucault

to Church. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006. Defends postmodernism and applies it to the “emerging church.”

Smith, R. Scott. Truth and the New Kind of Christian: The Emerging Effects of Postmodernism in the Church. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2006. Weighs it and finds it wanting.

Thiselton, Anthony. Interpreting God and the Postmodern Self. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.

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Ward, Graham, ed. Blackwell Companion to Postmodern Theology. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001.

Wells, David F. God in the Wasteland: The Reality of Truth in a World of Fading Dreams. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994. Sequel to the following volume. In defense of sound doctrine.

Wells, David F. No Place for Truth: Or, Whatever Happened to Evangelical Theology? Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993. In defense of sound doctrine.

White, Heath. Postmodernism 101: A First Course for the Curious Christian. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2006. A basic introduction.

White, James Emery. What Is Truth? Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 1994. The views of Van Til, Schaeffer, Henry, Bloesch, and Erickson--all in defense of the correspondence definition of truth.

PART THREE: THEOLOGICAL METHOD

[Note: most systematic theologies have an introductory section on theological method.]

Avis, Paul D. L. The Methods of Modern Theology. Basingstoke: Marshall Pickering, 1986. Barber, Cyril J. Introduction to Theological Research. Chicago: Moody, 1982.Bartholomew, Craig, et al., eds. Out of Egypt: Biblical Theology and Biblical Interpretation.

Vol. 5, “Scripture and Hermeneutics” series. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004. Bauman, Michael. Pilgrim Theology: Taking the Path of Theological Discovery. Grand

Rapids: Zondervan, 1992. Berkhof, Hendrikus. Introduction to the Study of Dogmatics, tr. John Vriend. Grand

Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985. Berkhof, Louis. Introductory Volume to Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,

1932.Billings, J. Todd. The Word of God and the People of God: An Entryway to the Theological

Interpretation of Scripture. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010. Bloesch, Donald G. A Theology of Word and Spirit: Authority and Method in Theology.

Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1992. (Volume 1 in a projected 7-volume systematic theology.)

Bonsor, Jack A. Athens and Jerusalem: The Role of Philosophy in Theology. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1993.

Bowman, Robert M., Jr. Orthodoxy and Heresy: A Biblical Guide to Doctrinal Discernment. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992.

Boyle, John P.; and George Kilcourse, eds. The Sources of Theology: Essays on the Theme. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1988.

Briggs, Charles A. History of the Study of Theology, 2 vols. London: Duckworth, 1916. Brown, David. Invitation to Theology. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1989. Brown, Douglas E. When Past and Present Meet: A Companion to the Study of Christian

Thought. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1987. Brümmer, Vincent. Theology and Philosophical Inquiry: An Introduction. Philadelphia:

Westminster, 1982.*Carson, D. A. The Intolerance of Tolerance. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012. Cave, Alfred. An Introduction to Theology: Its Principles, Its Branches, Its Results and Its

Literature. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1886. Christian, C. W. Shaping Your Faith: A Guide to a Personal Theology. Waco: Word, 1973. Clark, David K. To Know and Love God: Method for Theology. Feinberg, John S., general ed. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 2003. Clark, Gordon H. In Defense of Theology. Jefferson, MD: Trinity Foundation, 1987; reprint

of 1984 Mott Media edition. Clark, Gordon H. Language and Theology. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed,

1980. Corduan, Winfried. Handmaid to Theology: An Essay in Philosophical Prolegomena.

Grand Rapids: Baker, 1981.

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Crooks, George R.; and John F. Hurst. Theological Encyclopaedia and Methodology, on the Basis of Hagenbach. New ed., revised. New York: Hunt and Eaton, 1894.

Dalferth, Ingolf U. Theology and Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1988. Davis, E. O. Prolegomena to Systematic Theology. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1909. Davis, John Jefferson. Foundations of Evangelical Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984.

The best single volume for introduction to theological method. Davis, John Jefferson, ed. The Necessity of Systematic Theology. 2 ed. Grand Rapids:

Baker, 1980. Drewery, Benjamin, and Richard J. Bauckham, eds. Scripture, Tradition and Reason: A

Study in the Criteria of Christian Doctrine. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1988. Dulles, Avery. The Craft of Theology: From Symbol to System. New York: Crossroad,

1992. Dunn, James. Unity and Diversity in the New Testament: An Inquiry into the Character of

Earliest Christianity. Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International, 1990; reprint of 1977 Westminster edition.

Ebeling, Gerhard. The Study of Theology, tr. Duane Priebe. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1978. Enns, Paul. The Moody Handbook of Theology. Chicago: Moody, 1989. Erickson, Millard J. Where Is Theology Going? Issues and Perspectives on the Future of

Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994. Erickson, Millard J.; and James L. Heflin. Old Wine in New Wineskins: Doctrinal Preaching in

a Changing World. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1997.Erickson, Millard J., Paul Kjoss Helseth, and Justin Taylor, eds. Reclaiming the Center:

Confronting Evangelical Accommodation in Postmodern Times. Wheaton: Crossway, 2004. Excellent.

Evans, Gillian R.; Alister McGrath; and Allan D. Galloway. The Science of Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987.

Franke, John R. The Character of Theology: An Introduction to Its Nature, Task, and Purpose. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005. “A postconservative Evangelical approach.” Very mediating.

Geisler, Norman L. Systematic Theology, Volume 1: Introduction; Bible. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 2002. Part One is relevant here.

Gelpi, Donald L. The Turn to Experience in Contemporary Theology. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1994.

Green, Joel B. Practicing Theological Interpretation: Engaging Biblical Texts for Faith and Formation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012.

Green, Joel B.; and Max Turner, eds. Between Two Horizons: Spanning New Testament Studies and Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.

Grenz, Stanley J.; and Roger E. Olson. Who Needs Theology? An Invitation to the Study of God. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1996.

Gruenler, Royce Gordon. Meaning and Understanding: The Philosophical Framework for Biblical Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991. Comparative hermeneutics. Beginning with Kant, he shows how one's philosophical commitments affect his approach to and interpretation of Scripture.

Gulley, Norman R. Systematic Theology: Prolegomena. Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 2003. Seventh-Day Adventist, 860 pp., introduction by Millard Erickson.

Haight, Roger. Dynamics of Theology: How Theology Works. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1990. Examines five elements that are always operative in governing the nature of theology: faith, revelation, Scripture, religious symbol and language, and theological interpretation.

Hart, Trevor. Faith Thinking: The Dynamics of Christian Theology. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1995.

Healey, F. G., ed. What Theologians Do. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971. Henry, Carl F. H. God, Revelation and Authority, Vol. I: God Who Speaks and Shows,

Preliminary Considerations. Reprint. Wheaton: Crossing, 1999. Originally: Waco: Word, 1976.

Hicks, Olan. Logic and the Gospel of Christ. Searcy, AR: Gospel Enterprises, 1986. Hines, Mary E. The Transformation of Dogma: An Introduction to Karl Rahner on Doctrine.

Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1989.

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Hodgson, Peter C., and Robert H. King, eds. Christian Theology: An Introduction to Its Traditions and Tasks. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985.

Huetter, Reinhard. Suffering Divine Things: Theology as Church Practice. Grand Rapids: Eercmans, 1999. Explores the link between theory and practice. On the liberal side.

Jenkins, T. Daniel, ed. The Scope of Theology. Cleveland: World, 1965. Johnson, Cedric B. The Psychology of Biblical Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan,

1983. Johnston, Robert K., ed. The Use of the Bible in Theology: Evangelical Options. Atlanta:

John Knox, 1985. Kasper, Walter. The Methods of Dogmatic Theology. New York: Paulist Press, 1969. Kaufman, Gordon D. An Essay on Theological Method. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press,

1975. Kaufman, Gordon D. The Theological Imagination: Constructing a Concept of God.

Philadelpia: Westminster Press, 1981. The nature and methods of theology. Kelsey, David H. The Uses of Scripture in Recent Theology. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975. Kepple, Robert J.; and John J. Muether. Reference Works for Theological Research: An

Annotated Selective Bibliographical Guide. 3 ed. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1992.

Kinlaw, Dennis F. Let’s Start with Jesus: A New Way of Doing Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005. An example of the Christological fallacy.

Kirk, Kenneth E. The Study of Theology. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1939. Krupp, R. A. A Primer on Theological Research Tools. Lanham, MD: University Press of

America, 1990. Küng, Hans. Theology for the Third Millennium: An Ecumenical View. Garden City, NY:

Doubleday, 1988. Kuyper, Abraham. Principles of Sacred Theology, tr. De Vries. Grand Rapids: Baker,

1980. (Reprint of 1898 Scribner's edition.) Lewis, Donald; and Alister McGrath, eds. Doing Theology for the People of God: Studies in

Honor of J. I. Packer. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1996. Lindbeck, George A. The Nature of Doctrine: Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age.

Philadelphia: Westminster, 1984. The nature of theology, theological language, and theological method.

Lints, Richard. The Fabric of Theology: A Prolegomenon to Evangelical Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994.

Louth, Andrew. Discerning the Mystery: An Essay on the Nature of Theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

MacArthur, John F. Reckless Faith: When the Church Loses Its Will To Discern. Wheaton: Crossway, 1994.

Marshall, I. Howard. Beyond the Bible: Moving from Scripture to Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2004. How to apply the Bible to contemporary issues. McComiskey, Thomas E.; and John D. Woodbridge, eds. Doing Theology in Today's World:

Essays in Honor of Kenneth S. Kantzer. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991. McGrath, Alister E. The Genesis of Doctrine: A Study in the Foundation of Doctrinal

Criticism. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997. McGrath, Alister E. Understanding Doctrine: What It Is and Why It Matters. Grand Rapids:

Zondervan, 1992. Meadors, Gary T., ed. Four Views on Moving Beyond the Bible to Theology. Grand Rapids:

Zondervan, 2009. Montgomery, John Warwick. The Suicide of Christian Theology. Minneapolis: Bethany

Fellowship, 1970. See especially "The Theologian's Craft," pp. 267-313. Moreland, J. P. Love God with All Your Mind: The Role of Reason in the Life of the Soul.

Colorado Springs: NavPress, 1997. Mueller, J. J. What Are They Saying About Theological Method? Rahwah, NJ: Paulist Press,

1985. Muller, Richard. The Study of Theology: From Biblical Interpretation to Contemporary

Formulation. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991. Newport, John P. What Is Christian Doctrine? Nashville: Broadman, 1984. "Layman's

Library of Christian Doctrine."

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O’Collins, Gerald; and Daniel Kendall. The Bible for Theology: Ten Principles for the Theological Use of Scripture. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist, 1997.

Oden, Thomas C. After Modernity . . . What? Agenda for Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1990. Thorough revision of Agenda for Theology: Recovering Christian Roots (1979). Cites the bankrupt state of modern liberalism and calls for a return to classical forms and symbols for the post-modern church.

Packer, J. I. Truth and Power: The Place of Scripture in the Christian Life. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1999.

Pailin, David A. The Anthropological Character of Theology: Conditioning Theological Understanding. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Palmer, Richard E. Hermeneutics: Interpretation Theory in Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger, and Gadamer. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1969.

Palmer, W. Robert. What the Bible Says About Faith and Opinion. Joplin, MO: College Press, 1980.

Pancheri, Francesco S. The Universal Primacy of Christ, tr. and abridged by Juniper B. Carol. Front Royal, VA: Christendom College Press, 1984. Seems to be a good example of the Christological fallacy, defending the Franciscan idea of the universal primacy of Christ in all things.

Pannenberg, Wolfhart. Introduction to Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991.

Pannenberg, Wolfhart. Theology and the Philosophy of Science, tr. Francis McDonagh. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1976.

Parkinson, Joel R. Orthodoxy and Heresy: Where To Draw the Line. Alliance, OH: Bible Scholar Books, 1991.

Pate, C. Marvin. From Plato to Jesus: What Does Philosophy Have To Do with Theology? Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2011.

Pinnock, Clark. Biblical Revelation: The Foundation of Christian Doctrine. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1985 (reprint of 1971 Moody edition).

Poythress, Vern S. In the Beginning Was the Word: Language—a God-Centered Approach. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2009. Important.

Poythress, Vern S. Symphonic Theology: The Validity of Multiple Perspectives in Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987; Reprint, Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian & Reformed, 2001.

Quash, Ben; and Michael Ward, eds. Heresies and How to Avoid Them: Why It Matters What Christians Believe. Hendrickson, 2008.

Ratzinger, Joseph Cardinal. The Nature and Mission of Theology: Approaches to Understanding Its Role in the Light of Present Controversy. Harrison, NY: Ignatius Press, 1995. Conservative Roman Catholic.

Ritschl, Dietrich. The Logic of Theology: A Brief Account of the Relationship Between Basic Concepts in Theology. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1986.

Rushdoony, Rousas J. The Necessity for Systematic Theology. Vallecito, CA: Ross House Books, 1979.

Sauter, Gerhard. Gateways to Dogmatics: Reasoning Theologically for the Life of the Church. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001.

Sawyer, M. James. The Survivor’s Guide to Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006. How to do theology, plus a summary of nine theological systems. Useful.

Scalise, Charles J. From Scripture to Theology: A Canonical Journey into Hermeneutics. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1996.

Scalise, Charles J. Hermeneutics and Theology: A Scriptural Approach. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 1995.

Schaff, Philip. Theological Propaedeutic: A General Introduction to the Study of Theology, Exegetical, Historical, Systematic, and Practical. New York: Scribner's, 1894.

Smith, Robert Jr. Doctrine that Dances: Bringing Doctrinal Preaching and Teaching To Life. Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 2008.

Stackhouse, John G. Jr., ed. Evangelical Futures: A Conversation on Theological Method. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000.

Thiselton, Anthony C. The Two Horizons: New Testament Hermeneutics and Philosophical Description. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980.

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Thorsen, Donald A. D. The Wesleyan Quadrilateral: Scripture, Tradition, Reason and Experience as a Model of Evangelical Theology. Nappanee, IN: Evangel Publishing House, ???.

VanDrunen, David, ed. The Pattern of Sound Doctrine – Systematic Theology at the Westminster Seminaries: Essays in Honor of Robert B. Strimple. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2004. Theology in general, Reformed theology, and Westminster’s contribution to it all.

Vanhoozer, Kevin J. The Drama of Doctrine: A Canonical Linguistic Approach to Christian Theology. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2005. “Relocates the norm for Christian doctrine in the canonical practices.”

Vanhoozer, Kevin J. Is There a Meaning in This Text? The Bible, the Reader, and the Morality of Literary Knowledge. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1998.

Vanhoozer, Kevin J., et al., editors. Dictionary for Theological Interpretation of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005.

van Huyssteen, Wentzel. Theology and the Justification of Faith: Constructing Theories in Systematic Theology, tr. H. F. Snijders. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989. Asks such questions as: How do theologians construct their theories? How do theological statements originate? Are they true? A rather esoteric survey of contemporary theories.

Verhey, Allen. Remembering Jesus: Christian Community, Scripture, and the Moral Life. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. An example of the Christological Fallacy: Aa serious look at what Jesus really said and did@ and how it applies to contemporary Christian ethics.

Vesey, Godfrey N., ed. Philosophy in Christianity. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. How philosophy contributes to the formulation of Christian doctrine.

Woodbridge, John D.; and Thomas E. McComiskey, eds. Doing Theology in Today's World: Essays in Honor of Kenneth S. Kantzer. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.

Yarnell, Malcolm B. The Formation of Christian Doctrine. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2007.

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