trial pahang biologi spm 2014 k2
TRANSCRIPT
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8/10/2019 Trial Pahang Biologi SPM 2014 K2
1/23
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SULIT 2
4551/2
Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer allquestions in this section.
Jawab semuasoalan dalam bahagian ini.
1. Diagram 1 shows graph effect of temperature on enzyme reaction.
a!ah " menun!ukkan gra# kesan suhu terhada$ kadar tindak balas en%im.
Diagram 1
a!ah "
(a) tate what enzymes are.
&'atakan a$akah en%im.
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(") (i) #n human "o$y% what is the organ that secretes rennin&
)i dalam badan manusia* a$akah organ 'ang merembes rennin+
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[1 mark]
[" markah]
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4551/2 'ercu"aan 'ahang !01
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1 ,b- ,i-
1
1 ,a-
!
ate of enzyme reaction
Kadar tindak balas en%im
*emperature
uhu10 20 30 40
50
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SULIT 3
4551/2
(ii) +,p-ain why the rate of rennin is the highest as shown in Diagram 1.
/erangkan menga$a kadar tindak balas rennin $aling tinggi se$erti 'ang
ditun!ukkan dalam a!ah ".
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(c) esi$es temperature factor% ezyme is a-so affecte$ "y p/. +,p-ain the effect of
higher p/ such as on rennin actiity.
elain #aktor suhu* en%im !uga di$engaruhi oleh #aktor $. uraikan kesan $'ang tinggi se$erti 1 ke atas akti2iti rennin.
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[! marks]
[( markah]
($) +,p-ain how enzyme reacts on the situation "e-ow2
/erangkan bagaimana en%im bertindak dalam keadaan berikut3
(i) /e-ping to remoe stains on c-othes
4emudahkan ker!a menghilangkan kotoran $ada $akaian
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[3 marks]
[5 markah]
(ii) +,tracting agar from seawee$s
4engekstrak agaragar dari$ada rum$ai laut
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[!marks]
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1 ,d-
4
1 ,b-,ii-
!
1 ,7-
!
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[( markah]
! Diagram !.1 shows a cross section of -eaf.
a!ah (." menun!ukkan satu keratan rentas daun.
Diagram !.1
a!ah (."
(a) (i) 5ame struktur '.&amakan struktur P.
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[1 mark]
[" markah]
(ii) 5ame the structures -a"e--e$ an$
&amakan struktur 'ang berlabel 8 dan
2......................................................................................................................
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2
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[! marks]
[( markah]
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! ,a- ,i-
1
Q
R
P
! ,a-,ii-
!
Total A1
1!
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SULIT 5
4551/2
(") +,p-ain how tissue is a$apte$ for transportation.
/erangkan bagaimana tisu 8 disesuaikan untuk $engangkutan.
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(c) Diagram !.! shows a con$ition of a ce-- in specific so-ution.
a!ah (.( menun!ukkan keadaan suatu sel di dalam larutan 'ang s$esi#ik.
Diagram !.!
a!ah (.(
(i) +,p-ain why the con$ition of the ce-- as seen.
/erangkan menga$a keadaan sel tersebutseperti yang $i-ihat.
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[!marks]
[( markah]
(ii)+,p-ain how to oercome the con$ition in or$er to make sure the p-ant
suria-.
/erangkan bagaimana untuk mengatasi keadaan tersebut untuk memastikan
tumbuhan terus hidu$.
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! ,b-
!
! ,7i-
!
! ,7ii-
!
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[!marks]
[( markah]
($) A group of suriing sai-ors from a shipwreck are $rifte$ in the ocean. *hey
are weak an$ $ehy$rate$ $ue to -ack of $rinking water. 7hy can8t they $rinkthe sea water&
ekum$ulan anakanak ka$al 'ang terselamat dari$ada ke!adian ka$al
karam telah dihan'utkan di lautan. Keadaan mereka adalah lemah dan
terdehidrasi akibat kekurangan air minuman. 4enga$akah mereka tidak
boleh meminum air laut+
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[3marks]
[5 markah]
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4551/2 'ercu"aan 'ahang !01
SULIT
! ,d-
3
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SULIT !
4551/2
3. Diagram 3.1 shows moement of earthworm an$ a fish in $ifferent ha"itats.
a!ah 5." menun!ukkan $ergerakan 7a7ing tanah dan ikan dalam habitat 'ang
berbe%a.
.
Diagram 3.1
a!ah 5."
(a) (i) 5ame the musc-es of "oth organisms that ino-e$ in moement.
&amakan otot 'ang terlibat dalam $ergerakan dalam keduadua organisma
tersebut.
+arthworm99a7ing tanah2 ........................................................................................
#kan9Fish
3..........................................................................................
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Total A2
1!
3 ,a-,i-
!
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4551/2
[! marks]
[( markah]
(ii) 5ame the type of ske-eton for "oth organisms.
&amakan !enis rangka keduadua organisma tersebut.
+arthworm99a7ing tanah3.........................................................................................
#kan9Fish 3 .........................................................................................
[! marks]
[( markah]
Diagram 3.!
a!ah 5.(
Diagram 3.! shows the musc-es of earthworm ino-e in -ocomotion.
a!ah 5.( menun!ukkan otototot 7a7ing tanah 'ang terlibat dalam $ergerakan.
(") ase$ on Diagram 3.! $escri"e the mechanism of -ocomotion in the earthworm.
:erdasarkan a!ah 5.( terangkan mekanisme $ergerakan 7a7ing tanah.
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[! marks]
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3 ,a-,ii-
!
3 ,b-
!
musc-e :
otot ;
musc-e ;
otot
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[( markah]
Diagram 3.3
a!ah 5.5
Diagram 3.3 shows part of erte"ra- co-umn showing structure
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SULIT 1$
4551/2
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[! marks]
[( markah]
Diagram 3.4
a!ah 5.@
Diagram 3.4 shows the process of inha-ation.
a!ah 5.@ menun!ukkan $roses menarik na#as.
(e) Diaphragm is the $ome=shape$ sheet of musc-e that ino-es in the "reathing
process. #f an acci$ent occurs an$ causes the ri"s sta" to the $iaphragm% e,p-ain the
possi"i-ity effects to a person.
)ia#ragma meru$akan ke$ingan otot berbentuk kubah 'ang terlibat dalam $roses
$erna#asan. Jika seseorang terlibat dalam kemalangan di mana tulang rusukn'a
telah ter7u7uk ke$ada dia#ragma* terangkan kesan 'ang mungkin berlaku.
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>hest e,pan$
)ada mengembang
Diaphragm contracts
)ia$hragm menge7ut
3 ,e-
!
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SULIT 11
4551/2
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[! marks]
[( markah]
. Diagram .1 shows the regu-ation of "-oo$ g-ucose -ee-.
a!ah ?." menun!ukkan $engawalaturan aras gula darah.
Diagram 3.1
a!ah 5."
(a) (i) 5ame organ A an$ hormone .
&amakan organ > dan hormon :.
?rgan A2 ..................................................................................................................
/ormone 2 ..............................................................................................................
[! marks]
[( markah]
(ii) +,p-ain why "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- rises.
/erangkan menga$a aras gula darah meningkat.
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4551/2 'ercu"aan 'ahang !01
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Total A3
1!
,a-,i-
!
-oo$ g-ucose rises
>ras glukosa darah
meningkat
5orma- "-oo$ g-ucose -ee-
>ras glukosa darah normal
#s-et ce--s in organ A is
stimu-ate$ to secrete hormone
el Aslet dalam organ >
dirangsang untuk merembes
hormon :
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SULIT 12
4551/2
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(iii) *he norma- range of "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- in humans is @4=110mg9100m-. +,p-ain
what wi-- happen if our "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- is 60mg9100m-.
Julat normal aras glukosa darah manusia ialah B@""0mgC"00ml. /erangkan
a$akah 'ang akan berlaku !ika aras tersebut ialah 60mgC"00ml.
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[3 marks]
[5 markah]
(") Diagram .! shows a nephron.
a!ah 5.( menun!ukkan ne#ron.
Diagram .!
a!ah ?.(
(i) +,p-ain the process occurs at structure D if a person un$ergoes sport
actiity.
/erangkan $roses 'ang berlaku di struktur ) !ika seseorang melakukan
akti2iti sukan.
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,a-,ii-
!
,a-,iii-
3
,b-,i-
!
tructure D
truktur )
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4551/2
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(c) 'arkinson8s $isease typica--y affects ictim aroun$ age 60. esearch is un$erway to
fin$ a cure for 'arkinson8s $isease "y using stem ce-- transp-antation. +,p-ain "rief-y
the $isease.
Pen'akit Parkinson biasan'a ter!adi $ada mangsa berumur 60 tahun. Ka!ian sedang
di!alankan dengan menggunakan $emindahan sel stemuntuk menda$atkan kaedah
rawatan. /erangkan se7ara ringkas $en'akit tersebut.
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[3 marks]
[5 markah]
.
4. Diagram 4.1 shows fema-e hormona- -ee-s $uring the menstrua- cyc-e.
a!ah @." menun!ukkan aras hormon $erem$uan semasa kitaran haid.
Diagram 4
a!ah @
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,7-
3
Total A4
1!
*ime($ay)
4asa C hari
ona$otroph
hormones -ee-
>ras hormon
gonadotro#
(ar"itrary unit)
/ormone +
/ormone D
?estrogen
n/ormone B
1
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4551/2
Diagram 4.1
a!ah @."
(a) (i) ase$ on Diagram 4.1% name hormone D an$ +.
:erdasarkan a!ah @."* namakan hormon ) dan E.
/ormone9ormonD 2 ...............................................................................
/ormone9ormon + 2 ...............................................................................
[! marks][( markah]
(ii) +,p-ain the function of hormone D an$ +.
/erangkan #ungsi hormon ) dan E.
/ormone9ormonD 2 .................................................................................
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/ormone9ormon + 2 .................................................................................
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[! marks]
[( markah]
(iii) e-ate the -ee- of hormon B to changes in thickness of the en$ometrium.
ubungkaitkan aras hormon ; dengan $erubahan dalam ketebalan
endometrium
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[! marks]
[( markah]
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SULIT
4 (a-,i-
!
4,a-,ii-
!
4,a-,iii-
!
sperm penetrating oum
s$erma menembusi o2um
oum
formation of two separate em"ryos
$embentukan dua embrio
berasingan
two foetus
dua #etus
uterus
ceri,
ser2iks
serik
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4551/2
Diagram 4.!
a!ah @.(
Diagram 4.1 shows the formation of i$entica- twins.
a!ah @." menun!ukkan $embentukan kembar seiras.
(") (i) *he pro$uction of sperm an$ oum occurs through a ce-- $iision process.
tate the process.
Penghasilan s$erma dan o2um berlaku melalui $roses $embahagian sel.
&'atakan $roses tersebut.
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[1 mark]
[1markah]
(ii) *here are two main types of twins "ase$ on their mo$e of formation% one of it
is shown in Diagram 4.!. tate the other types of the twins an$ two
$ifferences "etween the twins in ta"-e "e-ow.
/erda$at dua !enis kembar berdasarkan mod $embentukan* salah satun'a
se$erti ditun!ukkan dalam a!ah @.(. &'atakan !enis kembar 'ang kedua dan
$erbe%aan di antara keduan'a dalam !adual di bawah.
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4,b-,i-
1
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SULIT 1
4551/2
#$entica- twins
[3 marks]
[5markah]
(c) 7hy are annua- growth rings ery $istinct in woo$ from temperate forests&
4enga$a gelang tahunan $okok dari$ada hutan negara em$at musim sangat !elas+
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[! marks]
[( markah]
Bahagian B
[0 marks]
[?0 markah]
Answer any t%oquestions from this section.
Jawab manamana duasoalan dari$ada bahagian ini.
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4 ,b-,ii-
3
Total A5
1!
4 ,7-
!
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6 Diagram 6.1 shows human $igestie system an$ organs ino-e$ in $igestion.
a!ah 6." menun!ukkan sistem $en7ernaan dan organorgan berkaitan $en7ernaan.
Diagram 6.1
a!ah 6."
(a) +,p-ain how car"ohy$rates are $igeste$ in parts '% an$ in the system.
/erangkan bagaimana karbohidrat di7ernakan di bahagian P* 8 dan di dalam
sistem ini.[10 marks]
["0 markah]
Diagram 6.! shows the hea-th pro"-ems.
a!ah 6.( menun!ukkan masalah kesihatan.
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'
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Diagram 6.!
a!ah 6.(
,a- +,p-ain the $iseases an$ the effects to the person./erangkan $en'akit$en'akit tersebut dan kesann'a.
[10 marks]
["0 markah]
.
@(a) /ere$itary $iseases are $iseases that can "e transmitte$ from parents to their offspring.
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*hrom"us
/rombus
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/aemophi-ia is a here$itary se,=-inke$ $isease. Diagram @ shows the pe$igree of
fami-y in three generations.
Pen'akit genetik ialah $en'akit 'ang diwarisi dari$ada ibu ba$a. emo#ilia ialah
se!enis $en'akit terangkai seks. a!ah B menun!ukkan gambar ra!ah $okok satu
keluarga bagi tiga generasi.
Ceys9petunuk2
/ E Dominant a--e-e >arrier fema-e
>lel dominan Perem$uan $embawa
h E ecessie a--e-e /emophi-ia ma-e
>lel resesi# Delaki hemo#ilia
5orma- fema-e /emophi-ia fema-e
Perem$uan normal Perem$uan emo$hilia
5orma- ma-e
Delaki normal
Diagram @
a!ah B
Brom the $iagram gien% more ma-es are affecte$ with the $iseases compare$ to
fema-es. +,p-ain why it usua--y affects ma-es more than fema-es.
:erdasarkan ra!ah 'ang diberi* lebih ramai lelaki 'ang menda$at $en'akit hemo#ilia
berbanding $erem$uan. /erangkan menga$a $en'akit ini selalun'a terda$at $ada
lelaki berbanding $erem$uan.
[10 marks]
["0 markah]
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SULIT 2$
4551/2
,b- (i) Foh$ has straight hair an$ "-ue eyes. /e marries Aminah who has cur-y hair
an$ "rown eyes. Draw a schematic $iagram to show how their chi-$ wi-- inherit
straight hair an$ "-ue eyes.
4ohd berambut lurus dan bermata biru. )ia berkahwin dengan >minah 'ang
berambut keriting dan bermata gela$. Dukiskan gambar ra!ah skema genetik*
unutk menun!ukkan bagaimana anak mereka mewarisi 7iri rambut lurus dan
bermata biru.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
(ii) A$ances in the know-e$ge of genetics through research has -e$ to many
$iscoeries that improe the eery$ay -ies of human. #n forensic me$icine% the
use of D5A fingerprinting techniques to i$entify in$ii$ua-s has -e$ to many
crimes "eing so-e$. esi$es% stem ce-- research is another app-ication that can
improe certain $iseases such as -eukemia an$ cancer.
Pengetahuan 'ang mendalam dalam bidang genetik melalui ka!ian telah
menghasilkan bebera$a $enemuan 'ang boleh meningkatkan kehidu$an seharian
manusia. )alam bidang #orensik* $enggunaan teknik $ro#il )&> atau 7a$ !ari
)&> telah men'elesaikan ban'ak kes !ena'ah. elain dari$ada itu* ka!ian sel
stem meru$akan satu lagi a$likasi 'ang boleh merawat $en'akit tertentu se$erti
leukemia dan kanser.
Descri"e the app-icatian of stem ce--s.
uraikan a$likasi sel stem.
[ marks]
[? markah]
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SULIT 21
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G. Diagram G.1 shows a mangroe swamp ecosystem.
a!ah ." menun!ukkan ekosistem $a'a bakau.
Diagram G.1
a!ah ."
(a) +,p-ain the a$aptations of mangroe p-ants to -ie in mu$$y soi-. .
/erangkan $en'esuaian atau ada$tasi $okok bakau bagi membolehkann'a hidu$ di
kawasan berlum$ur.
[10 marks]["0 markah]
Diagram G.! shows $ifferent organisms ino-e$ in $ifferent interaction respectie-y.
a!ah .( menun!ukkan organism 'ang berbe%a untuk interaksi'ang berbe%a
masing masing.
Diagram G.!
a!ah .(
(") (i) tate an$ e,p-ain the types of interaction.
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-eguminous p-ant
tumbuhan legum
hizo"ium in root no$u-es
hi%obium dalam nodul akar
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SULIT 22
4551/2
&'atakan dan terangkan !enis interaksi tersebut.
[4 marks]
[@ markah]
.
Diagram G.3
a!ah .5
(")(ii) tate what pathogen is an$ $escri"e the metho$s of contro--ing the pathogens.
&'atakan a$akah $athogen dan terangkan kaedah mengawaln'a.
[4 marks]
[@ markah]
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'enici--in 9Penisilin
Penisilin
Acrif-ain9>kri#la2in
Akrifavin
Haccines9 Gaksin
Vaksin
Borma-$ehy$e9Formaldehid
Formaldehid
+,amp-es of su"stances to contro- pathogens
9ontoh bahan untuk mengawal $atogen
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SULIT 23
4551/2
. Diagram .1 shows human actiities.
a!ah 1." menun!ukkan akti2iti manusia.
Diagram .1
a!ah 1."
(a) (i) +,p-ain the impact of human actiities on the ecosystem.
/erangkan kesankesan akti2iti manusia ke$ada ekosistem.
[10 marks]["0 markah]
(ii) Descri"e ways to oercome the situation as shown in Diagram .1.
uraikan 7ara7ara untuk mengatasi keadaan se$erti a!ah 1.".
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
(") +,p-ain the impact of the thinning of the ozone -ayer an$ g-o"a- warming on the
ecosystem.
/erangkan kesankesan $eni$isan la$isan o%on dan $emanasan global ke$ada
ekosistem.
[ marks]
[? markah]
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4551/2 'ercu"aan 'ahang !01
SULIT
-
8/10/2019 Trial Pahang Biologi SPM 2014 K2
23/23
Untuk KegunaanPemeriksa
For ExaminersUse
SULIT 24
4551/2
&'( )* QU&STI)' PAP&R
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
[Lihat halaman sebelah
4551/2