triads & syndromes: notes for pg

8/17/2019 Triads & Syndromes: Notes for Pg

1/22

45 NOTES TO PG

—Dr. Ankit Yadavendra, M.B.B.S., Dr.V.M.G.M.C., Solapur

39-TRIAD SYNDROME

TRIADa/c GVHD bldy diarrh jaundice skin blister

achalasia cardia dysphagia regurgitation wt loss

acrodermatitis enteropathica diarrhoea dermatitis dwarfism

alkaptonuria homogentisic aciduria black pigmentation of cartilage,collagenous ts ochronotic arthritis

anaesthesia analgesia

amnesia m relaxation

anal fissure anal papilla fissure sentinel pile

Barrett esoph heartburn epigastric pain regurgitation

Beck(card tamponade)↓ BP↑JVP muffle HS

Bichat tripod life brain


2/22

heart lung

Bochdalek hernia scaphoid abdomen resp distress

dextrocardia

Borchardt pain retching inability to pass nasogastric tube

Carney GIST paraganglioma pulm enchondroma

catalytic(serine protease) Ser HiS ASp

Charcot(cholangitis) RUQ pain fever jaundice

choledochal cyst abd pain jaundice abd mass

↑Cushing reflex( ICP) HTN↓HR↑RR

dyskeratosis congenita mucosal memb leukoplasia dystrophic nail reticular hyperpigmentation

ectopic preg abd pain amenorrhoea blding

emphysematous pyelonephritis fever


3/22

vomiting flank pain

fat embolism↑resp sympt( RR)

neurological sympt(disorientation)

petechial rash(conjunctival petechiae) fem athlete disordered eating amenorrhoea osteoporosis Galazia Peyronie ds Dupuytren contracture Ormond ds

glomus tm↑sensitivity to cold localised tenderness severe intermittent pain

Graves ds hyperthy exophthalmos pretibial myxoedema

hemolytic anem anem unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia erythroid hyperplasia in bone marrow

Hotchkiss terrible triad elbow elbow dislocation #radial head #coronoid

Hutchinson(late onset cong syphilis) interstitial keratitis SNHL Hutchinson teeth(peg shaped upper central incisor)

LuCiani(CerebeLLar ds) atonia asthenia astasia

Mackler(Boerhaave synd) vomiting


4/22

low chest pain subcutaneous emphysema

MacMohan&Pugh ecological agent host

environment

Marshall(explosion inj) punctate abrasion punctate contusion laceration

Meneire ds(TVS) Tinnitus Vertigo SNHL(fluctuation)

Murphy pain fever jaundice

norm pressure hydrocephalus dementia urin incontinence abnorm gait

O'Donoghue/unhappy(knee inj-abd,ER) ACL inj PCL inj medial meniscus, med collateral,med capsular lig

Ollier multifocal enchondroma

Osler pneumococcal pneum inf endocarditis meningitis osteogenesis imperfecta fragile bone blue sclera early deafness

pelagra diarrhoea dermatitis dementia


5/22

Phemister(TB arthritis) osteoporosis erosion jt space narrowing

poikiloderma atrophy reticulate pigmentation telangiectasia

portalhepatic a portal v bile duct

psoriasis Munro microabscess parakeratosis epidermal hyperplasia

Quinke(hemobilia) GI hge(melena>hematemesis) pain jaundice

RCC hematuria flank pain palpable mass in flank

retinitis pigmentosa waxy disc pallor arteriolar attenuation bony spicule

Riggler(GB stone) multiple air fluid level abd radio-opaque shadow in ileum air in biliary tree

Saint hiatus hernia diverticulosis GB stone

Sampter nasal polyp INtrinsic br asthma aspirIN sensitivity


6/22

Sec syphilis non-itchy rash LNpathy mucos lesion(Snail track ulcer, condyloma lata)

thallium alopecia skin rash painful periph neuropathy

ThromboAngiitis Obliterans(TAO) claudication Raynaud phenom migrating superf thrombophlebitis

Tillaux(mesenteric cyst) fluctuant swelling near umbilicus move freely vertically dull,surrounded by zone of resonance

Trotter(nasopharyng ca) glue ear CNV palsy CNX palsy

Virchow endoth inj stasis↑cell

Vogt pigm glaucoma concave iris reversible pupil block

Waddell(child inj by car while crossing road) #femur head inj thoracic inj

Weg granulomatosis necrotising granuloma resp tract necrotisinh granulomat vasculitis lung focal necrotising GN

Whipple(insulinoma) c/f hypoglycemia RBS


7/22


8/22

Barlow/floppy valve MVP

Beckwith Widemann(WT2 gene) organomegaly hemihypertrophy

macroglossia omphalocele adrenal cytomegaly Wilms tm

Behcet(UGO) Uveitis(recurr hypopyon, non granulom) Genital ulcer Oral ulcer

BOIleD lOBSteR BORIc acID pOISOnI

BPES Blepharochemosis(horiz aperture


9/22

Heart defect choanal Atresia Retard growth Genitourinary abnorm Ear defect

Chediac Higashi synd rptd inf albinism neurologic deficit PLT granule release defect

Cogan interstitial keratitis deafn

Collet Sicard CNIX CNX CNXI

commotio cordis→blunt inj chest VF

contradi(warfarin tox) growth retard hypoplasia nose hypoplasia hand bone corpus cancer ca endometrium DM HTN obesity

Cotard nihilistic delusion

Couvade husband of preg fem goes in labour

Cowden ca breast facial trichilemmoma papilloma lip,oral mucosa acral keratosis GI polyp uterine fibroid

Dacosta


10/22

cardiac neurosis

deClarambault erotomania

DenYS Drash

gonaDal DYSgenesis gonaDoblastoma early onset nephropathy Wilms tm

dialysis dementia Al poisoning

Dressler postMI pleural effusion

Eagle Barrett/prune belly def abdominal m b/l intraabd testes dilated urinary tract

Eisenmenger→systemic pulm CVS complicat→pulm a ds sever pulm HTN

cyanosis

Elsberg genital HSV(2>1) recur cauda equina neuritis

Ewan preg↓PLT(


11/22

floppy iris tamsulosin

FraSier mal pSeudohermaphrodite(XY)

FSGS

Ganser approximate answering(vorbieriden) confusion conversion sympt hallucination

Gerstmann(lt parietal lobe) finger agnosia rt-lt confusion acalculia alexia

Giasbock spurious polycythemia

glucagonoma anem dermatitis(necrolytic migratory erythema) stomatitis wt loss

Gradenigo CNVI palsy retroorbital pain(CNV) persistent ear discharge

Grisel(nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation) torticollis cervical pain neurologic complication radiculopathy Hallerman Streiff memb cataract

Hamman Rich a/c interstitial pneum

HELLP Hemolysis(PS-schistocyte, helmet cell) Elevated Liver enzyme(AST≥70IU/l) Low PLT(


12/22

HemolyTic uremic(RAT)(5HT) Renal failure Anem(microangiopathic Coomb–ve hemolysis) Thrombocytopenia

Hermansky Pudlak granulomatous colitis ILD

hide&die/paradox undress/terminal burrowing hypothermia

holliday heart heavy alcohol consumption AF

Holt Oram absent thumb absent radius

Horner diplopia miosis anhydrosis(least common) enophthalmos ptosis heterochromia iridis loss of ciliospinal reflex

HutchiNsoN Neuroblastoma jt pain iridocorneal endoth iris atrophy abnorm corneal endoth corneal edema sec angle closure glaucoma

Irvine Gass pseudophakic cystoid macular edema

Kallman anosmia↓GnRH prim amenorrhoea

KarTagener dexTrocardia/siTus inversus


13/22

nasal polyp bronchiectasis

Kasabach Merritt hemangioma↓PLT

coagulopathy

KEARn SayRE synd REtinitis pigmentosa ocular myopathy hEARt defect

KerNer MorrisoN Neuroblastoma

↑diarrh( VIP)

Klippel Feil low hair line b/l neck webbing restriction of neck movement

Kluver Bucy(temporal lobe/amygdala inj) visual agnosia hypermetamorphosia hypersexuality

Koro death of pt due to extreme anxiety of receding penis LANdau Kleffner sz in child LANguage defect

Laron GH receptor mutation(GH resistance)

Lennox Gestaut atypical absence sz child

Leriche aortoiliac obstruction b/l gluteal claudication impotence(L1 palsy)

LeRMoyez(Reverse of Meniere ds) SNHL Vertigo Tinnitus


14/22

liFraumeni(p53) ca adrenal gld ca breast leukemia osteosarcoma soft ts sarcoma

LOBSTEin OSTEogenesis imperfecta(Brittle Bone ds)

Loeys Dietz bifid uvula

Lowe(oculocerebrorenal) cong cataract,glaucoma microcephaly, mental retardation PCT defect(Fanconi synd), RTA2

Lutembacher ASD(cong ostium secondum) MS(RHD)

Lynch ca endometrium ca colon ca ovary

MaffuCCi Multiple enChondromatosis(Ollier ds) Cavernous hemangioma

Magnan(cocaine poisoni) cocaine bug/formication delusion of persecution Manchausen pseudologia fantastica

Marchifava Bingami corpus callosum necrosis alcoholism

May Thurner lt comm iliac v compression b/n rt comm iliac a&LS spine

Mazabraud polyostotic fibrous dysplasia intraMural MyxoMa

McCune Albright


15/22

polyostotic fibrous dysplasia precocious puberty cáfe-au-lait spot

MEDNIK Mental retardation

Enteropathy Deafness Neuropathy Ichthyosis Keratoderma

Meig ovarian fibroma ascites pleural effusion(rt)

MEN1/Werner hyperParathy(parathy hyperplasia) endocrine Pancr tm(gastrinoma>insulinoma) Pituitary adenoma(prolactinoma)

MEN2A/Sipple hyperParathy ca thy medullary adrenal adenoma(pheochromocytoma)

MEN2B ca thy medullary adrenal adenoma(pheochromocytoma) neuroma

Mendelson aspiration in preg pH25ml

Miller Fisher ataxia opthalmoplegia areflexia

miserabl malalignm femoral neck anteversion↑Q angle tibia vera genu valgum

morning glory lamina cribrosa absent


16/22

Muir ca breast BCC GI tm

Muir Torre multiple cutaneous sebaceous adenoma

nutcracker lt ren v compression b/n aorta&SMA

obesity hypoventilation BMI>30kg/m² sleep disordered breathing pCO2>45mmHg

Oldfield sebaceous cyst colon polyp adenoca colon

Ortner/cardiovocal MS LA dilatation RLN compression

Osler Weber Rendue hereditary hgic telangiectasia portWine stain face encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis

Othelloalcoholic delusional jealousy/infedility

Parinaud/dorsal midbrain supranuclear verticle gaze palsy downward ocular deviation lid retraction

Parsonage Turner(a/c brachial plexitis, neuralgica myotrophy) immune mediated brachial plexus neuropathy

patulous Eustachian tube absent Ostmann fatpad

Pendred SNHL PrePubertal goitre


17/22

Pepper neuroblastoma hepatomegaly

Peutz Jeghers

multiple hamartomatous polyp pigmentation of lip&buccal mucosa ca breast

POEMS/Crow Fukase/Takatsuki Polyneuropathy(periph n damage) Organomegaly Endocrinopathy M protein Skin abnorm(hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis)

propofol infusion metab acidosis skeletal myopathy a/c cardiomyopathy

pseudoMeig ovarian tm ascites pleural effusion

purple toe warfarin toxicity

Ramsay Hunt LMN CNVII palsy anesthetic face giddiness

REfsum REtinitis pigmentosa periph neuropathy cerebellar ataxia

Reiter(RUC)(keratoderma blenorrhagicum) Reactive arthritis Urethritis Conjunctivitis

Ross pupil involved loss of knee jerk

rubella(oculoauricularcardiac)


18/22

SNHL total cataract(pearly white) PDA

RuvalCAba Myhre Smith CA Colon

Schwartz rhegmatogenous retinal detachment uveitis glaucoma

Sezary Sezary cell in bld erythroderma generalised skin involvement

Sheehan Sec amenorrhea

shoulder no abduction>90° pain in shoulder drooping,abduction,external rotation shoulder

shoulder hand INH

Shwachman pancr malabsorption, steatorrhoea failure to thrive metaphyseal dysplasia neutropenia

slipping clutch frontal gait disorder

Steel Richardson(progressive supranuclear palsy) extended posture defective downward gaze h/o fall dementia

straight back loss of norm kyphosis MVP

Streakhouse Schatzki(B) ring(lumen diam


19/22

Sturge Weber cerebral atrophy cong glaucoma portwine stain leptomeningeal meningioma

superior orbital fissure proptosis total external ophthalmoplegia

Swyer(pure gonadal dysgenesis) XY karyotype uterus,FT present, norm fem external genital ovary, testis, seminal vesicle, prostate absent

TAR(thrombocytopenia absent radius)↓PLT Absent radius

3rd&4th pouch/Digeorge/CATCH synd Cardiac anomalies Absent thymus T cell def Coarse dysmorphic feature Hypocalcemic tetany

Tietz costochondritis 2nd costal cartilage

Tolosa Hunt/orbital apex(idiop) proptosis painful total external ophthalmoplegia blindness cavernous sinus dilatation

transient hypopyon Behcet ds recurr hypopyon

tumour lysis hypocalcemia hyperphosphatemia hyperkalemia hyperuricemia

Turcot polyposis medulloblastoma

Urrets Zavalia


20/22

sec glaucoma iris atrophy fixed dilated pupil

van der Hoeve osteogenesis imperfecta

blue sclera conductive deafness

Verner Morrison/WDHA(VIPoma) Watery Diarrhoea Hypokalemia Achlorhydria

vitreous touch glaucoma uveitis hyphema

von Hippel Lindau cerebellar hemangioblastoma retinal angioma RCC pheochromocytoma

WAGR(WT1 gene) Wilms tm Aniridia Genital anomaly mental Retardation

Weil Marchesani Microspherophakia

Wilkie/SMA/CAST 3rd part duod compression b/n aorta&SMA

William short stature Elfin facies hypercalcemia supravalvular AS learning difficult

Wiscott Aldrich(TIA) Thrombocytopenia(blding) Immunodef(recur bact inf) Atopic dermatitis(eczema)

Woolf


21/22

piebaldism deafn

Wunderlich angiomyolipoma massive retroperitoneal hge

yellow nail yellow nail bronchiectasis chylous pleural effusion

YOung azOOspermia nasal polyp bronchiectasis

Zellweger(cerebrohepatorenal) inherited absence peroxisome

Zieve alc liver cirrhosis hemolytic anem deep jaundice

Zollinger Ellison(gastrinoma) nonβ islet cell tm pancr gastric acid hypersecretion GI ulcer

Zuska c/c recurr periductal mastitis(retroareolar abscess) smoking

Abbreviations a-artery, AA-amino acid, abtc-antibiotic, AI-autoimmune bef-before, bel-below, b/l-bilateral, bld-blood, b/n-between, bn-benign, br-branch,Bx-biopsy ca-carcinoma, carb-carbohydrate, c/i-contraindication, c/l-contralateral,conc-concentration, cong-congenital, Cx-cervix d-day, def-deficient, ds-disease, d/t-due to, Dx-diagnosis

E-estrogen fem-female, fr-from gld-gland, glu-glucose h-hormone idiop-idiopathic, i/l-ipsilateral, inf-infection, inj-injury lig-ligament, LL-lower limb, l/t-leading to m-muscle, maj-major, mal-male, MC-most common, met-metastasis, min-minor,mtx-methotrexate, Mx-management n-nerve, norm-normal


22/22

P-progesterone, pl-plasma, prot-protein, pt-patient Rx-treatment SCC-squamous cell carcinoma, sr-serum, Sx-surgery, sz-seizure tm-tumour, ts-tissue UL-upper limb, u/l-unilateral vag-vagina, VC-vocal cord, vel-velocity, vert-vertebra, vit-vitamin, vol-volume

w-week, wt-weight Xr-X ray y-year #-fracture °-degree

-(N.B.-THESE NOTES ARE ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE AND HELP

TO PG ASPIRANTS, NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR OTHER PURPOSE. REFERENCE

HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM VARIOUS STANDARD TEXTBOOKS. FOR ANY

FEEDBACK/QUERY PLEASE CONTACT- [email protected] or

[email protected] )

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