trends in caregiving rhonda j. v. montgomery, ph.d. university of kansas
TRANSCRIPT
Trends in CaregivingTrends in Caregiving
Rhonda J. V. Montgomery, Ph.D.
University of Kansas
Caregiving is the Caregiving is the cornerstone of our long-cornerstone of our long-
term care systemterm care system
We know:We know:
Families provide 80% of long term careNursing home is last choice for careMost caregivers are womenNOT ALL CAREGIVERS ARE ALIKE
Caregivers by Relationship to Caregivers by Relationship to Elder Care RecipientElder Care Recipient
Wives23%
Other Female20%
Sons8%
Husbands13%
Other Males7% Daughters
29%
Diversity among CaregiversDiversity among Caregivers
GenderGeneration
CultureCaregiving context
Diversity of Caregiving
What they do
When they do it
How they do it
How long they do it
HOURS OF CARE HOURS OF CARE
3 3 1
7 5 5
21
9 9
4 3
8 6
3 33
11
2
16
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Spouse Daughter Son Second CG
Hours
Financial Transportation Household Other Personal Care
SpouseSpouse
Emotional Emotional
Banking Banking
House Tasks House Tasks
Errands / Shop Errands / Shop
SpouseSpouse
Emotional Emotional
Banking
House Tasks
Errands / Shop
Personal Care
ChildChild
Emotional Emotional
Banking
House Tasks
Errands / Shop
Personal Care
Adult-ChildAdult-Child
Emotional Emotional
Financial
House Tasks
Errands / Shop
Personal Care
CareCare SharingSharing: : WivesWives
PHSB
H
SB
O
80%20%
Care Sharing HusbandsCare Sharing Husbands
H
SB
O
HSB
P
PH
70%70%
20%20%10%10%
Care Sharing: Daughter
70%
30%
BTO
H
P
H
TB
O
P
Care Sharing: Son
55%
45%
BS
O
H
P
H
sB
O
P
Caregiving Career: ChildCaregiving Career: Child
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5
Years
HOURS
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks Personal
Caregiving Career : SpouseCaregiving Career : Spouse
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
YEARS
H
O
U
R
S
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks Personal
Comparing CareersComparing Careers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7YEARS
H
O
U
R
S
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks Personal
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
YEARS
H
O
U
R
S
CHILD
SPOUSE
Basic Premises of Markers Basic Premises of Markers Model of Caregiving CareersModel of Caregiving Careers
1. There is no single, generic caregiver role Caregiving role emerges from prior role
relationships Role influenced by the unique values, beliefs
and circumstances
2. Consequently there are: Consistencies in the caregiving process. Unique adaptations.
Premises of Marker Model Premises of Marker Model
3. Caregiving is a dynamic process that unfolds over time
4. The length of career varies
5. Requires a change in identity
Caregiving Career MarkersCaregiving Career Markers
1. Performing caregiving tasks2. Self-definition as a caregiver3. Performing personal care tasks4. Seeking assistance and formal services5. Consideration of nursing home placement6. Placement in nursing home7. Termination of caregiving
Caregiving career: child
010203040506070
0 1 2 3 4 5
Years
Hours
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks . Personal
#6#4
#2
#3
#5
Caregiving Career : SpouseCaregiving Career : Spouse
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
YEARS
H
O
U
R
S
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks Personal
#6
#5#4
#2
#3
Comparing Career MarkersComparing Career Markers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7YEARS
H
O
U
R
S
Bank Shop/Trans Household Other Tasks Personal
CHILD
SPOUSE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
YEARS
HO
URS
#2
#4
#6#5
#3
#6
#2#3
#4#5
Diversity of BurdensDiversity of Burdens
Difficult tasks/Physical Health Time for other responsibilities Task Overload Privacy Loss of Roles Isolation Financial Burden Guilt