Trends and Standards in LAN Cabling Systems

Intelligent Buildings

A SitaramaiahManaging Director – CommScope Solutions 

India

Intelligent Buildings

Smart Cities

Opportunities in Systems Integration

Smart / Intelligent Buildings

Connected and Efficient Offices

Smart Cities

Infrastructure Requirements

• Utilities– Energy Management– Water Management– Waste Management –

Sewerage, drainage and Solid Waste

• Transport and Traffic• Safety and Security

Application Domains• Healthcare• Education• Inclusion• Governance• Community Services

Smart Cities

Energy• T & D Network Management (Smart Grid) 

• Smart Metering• Intelligent Power 

Generation• Renewable Energy 

Management

Buildings• Intelligent Building Design • Smart Lighting Systems•Energy management & Smart Meter Systems for Buildings• Micro Grid•Demand Response

City ServicesSafety & Security / Emergency Response

• Integrated City Operations Center• Public Transportation Optimization• Security Surveillance• Event administration• Digital Signage

Healthcare• Tele‐monitoring (monitoring at home) and Tele‐

care• Mobile assistance

Education• Connected learning

• On‐line Libraries• Video‐Conferencing 

for tuitions and homework

• Unified Collaboration

Transport• Supply Chain & logistics Optimization• Public and Private Transport Optimization• Virtual Conferencing and telecommuting• Efficient Vehicles• Electronic tolls and traffic flow optimization 

Smart City – Service Delivery PlatformUnderlying Components and SI opportunities

• Communication Networks– Pervasive & Seamless Wireless Broadband and Fixed Broadband 

Connectivity• FTTH, 3G / LTE, Wi‐Fi hot‐Spots, WiMAX

• Network Operation Centers– Energy, Transport, Security & Surveillance, Traffic

• Fault‐tolerant Cloud Data Centers – Web and Video Streaming capabilities– Virtualized Servers and Compute resources architecture that can support 

ebb & flow of data – Storage

• Home Networking• Smart Society 

– Local Websites, Service Portals, Action Forums– Leverage Analytics to deliver SMART Information 

Intelligent Buildings

Smart Cities

Opportunities in Systems Integration

Smart / Intelligent Buildings

Connected and Efficient Offices

Smart / Intelligent Buildings ‐Components

• HVAC• Energy

– Power Management & Control Systems

– Plug load management– Metering– Smart Grid & Demand Response

• Digital lighting Control Systems

• Access Control Systems• Plumbing & Water• Video Surveillance System and 

Analytics• People Counting Systems• Fire Alarm Systems• Digital Signage, AV and Paging 

Systems• Solar Panel Windows

Designing and integrating all the components on a common IP-based network helps with Horizontal and Vertical Integration

Green Vs. Smart buildings

GREEN Buildings• Sustainable Sites (SS)• Water Efficiency (WE)• Energy and Atmosphere 

(EA)• Materials and Resources 

(MR)• Indoor Environmental 

Quality (IEQ)• Innovation in Design (ID)• Regional Priority (RP)

SMART buildings• Data, VoIP and Video 

Distribution Networks• A/V Systems• Video Surveillance Systems• HVAC Control• Power Management• Lighting Controls• Wired & Wireless networks• Facilities Management 

Systems

Integrated Cabling Infrastructure

• Building uses Structured Cable ANSI/TIA/EIA 568 Standards for Twisted Pair and Fiber Optic Cabling

• Building has maximized the use of Structured Cable Plant for Security Systems and Building Automation Systems (EIA/TIA 862)

• Deployed IEEE 802.11 wireless throughout usable building space• Building uses Power over Ethernet (PoE) to end points such as 

security cameras, card readers, wireless access points, BAS controllers, and communication devices such as telephones 

Integrated Cabling Infrastructure• Building uses consolidated cable pathways i.e. cable from 

multiple systems share cable pathways• Building has consolidated the number of cabling contractors 

to install cable for multiple systems• Equipment Rooms Adhere to ANSI/TIA/EIA 569 Standards

Integrated Cabling Infrastructure

• Value of Integration– Lower Installation costs ‐For building architects,engineers, and construction contractors, it meanscombining portions of the design and construction,with resulting savings in project management andcommissioning time.

– Vertical Integration –Capability to integrate data fromfacilities into enterprise business systems

– Horizontal Integration –Capability to have systemwork together to gain additional functionality.

– More actionable information ‐ Analytics– NMS: Consolidation of system management.

Intelligent Buildings

Smart Cities

Opportunities in Systems Integration

Smart / Intelligent Buildings

Connected and Efficient Offices

Offices are changing• Real Estate Challenge

– Office space is the second largest expense– 52% = average office space utilization globally

• Trends in office space design– fewer and smaller individual workspaces– More spaces dedicated for interactive users / Collaboration

• Energy Management, Space Management andAnalytics become primary drivers for convergence andintegration of building systems

Planning for the Future ‐ Universal Connectivity Grid

LAN Cabling traditionally concerned with Voice and Data integration at deskIncreasing number of IT and Critical facilities in the Ceiling

Wi-Fi and PoE are increasingly becoming important in Connected and Efficient Building Infrastructure

Cabling Standards and the Connectivity GridCabling for Wireless: TIA TSB‐162‐A and ISO/IEC TR 24704

Universal Ceiling Grid

Additional Ceiling applications

Universal Connectivity Ceiling Grid

Evenly spaced grid cellsCategory 6A Zone Cabling to each cellSupported applications:• WiFi Access Points • Next Generation IBW systems• PoE cameras, access control, digital displays • Intelligent lighting• High density sensor networks • Building Automation• Wired LAN to work areas

A Flexible infrastructure that reduces OpEx for MACs

Top reasons for Cat6a in the building 

#10 Recommended for Healthcare networks#9 Recommended for Education networks#8 Supports 10GBASE-T to 100m#7 10GBASE-T price/performance#6 Robust PoE Support#5 Ideal for next generation IBW systems#4 Supports new WiFi > 1 Gb/s#3 Unshielded and Shielded options#2 Backward compatibility and RJ-45#1 Supports current and emerging applications

Optimal Infrastructure for meeting connectivity challenges

PoE – Standards Update

2003

IEEE 802.3af12.95W PoEPairs used: 2Output Current: 350mA

2009

IEEE 802.3at25.5W PoE+Pairs used: 2Output Current: 600mA

2013

4-pair PoEIEEE 802.3bt Task Force established49W PoEPairs used: 4Output Current: 600mA

• The IEEE 802.3bt four‐pair PoE standard is expected to assume a maximum temperature rise of 10 degrees Celsius when all four pairs are energized. 

• For cabling with an operational temperature range of ‐20 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius, the ambient temperature should not exceed 50 degrees Celsius. 

• Because increased thermal loading can also increase insertion loss, the maximum cable length should be de‐rated for higher temperatures, per ANSI/TIA‐568‐C.2 Balanced Twisted‐pair Telecommunications Cabling and Component Standard

Temperature rise (Deg C)

Current Capacity (mA)

5 4207.5 55010 60012.5 68015 720

Estimated Temperature rise based on Current carrying capacity for Cat5e 100‐cable 

bundle

PoE – Standards Update• The group is considering a maximum launch power of just less 

than 100 Watts, with a delivery of about 70 Watts, as the maximum possible while avoiding high power safety considerations. 

• The 100 Watt proposal would require 1000 mA (1 A) per pair.  The impact of this on cable heating and maximum cable bundle sizes is being studied. 

• CENELEC and an ad hoc group within IEEE are studying cabling issues affecting this, including heating and DC resistance unbalance  between pairs.

• Using a higher category cable with lower dc resistance and improved heat dissipation can help reduce the rise in temperature.  Category 6A cabling should be recommended for four‐pair PoE applications.

Intelligent Buildings

Smart Cities

Opportunities in Systems Integration

Smart / Intelligent Buildings

Connected and Efficient Offices