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Traumatic Brain Injury Reading List for Speech and Language

Therapists THIS READING LIST IS DIVIDED INTO NINE SECTIONS: 1. Communication 2. Cognitive and other deficits 3. Acute stage, coma, PTA and vegetative state 4. Outcome and rehabilitation 5. Family and psychosocial 6. Dysphagia 7. Service planning 8. Epidemiology and general 9. National Guidance

It is hoped that this reading list will be regularly updated. Suggestions for additions or amendments would be welcomed. These should be sent to Ashleigh Denman, Speech and Language Therapy Department, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Great Western Road, Gloucester, GL1 3NN. Telephone: 08454 225138. E-mail: ashleigh.denman@glos.nhs.uk

THANKS GO TO: • George Willis and Sue Toller, Clinical Advisors in Traumatic Brain Injury for the Royal

College of Speech and Language Therapists • Elaine Robertson, SLT • The committee and members of the Head Injury Specific Interest Group, especially Selena

Mathie

Ashleigh Denman Clinical Advisor in Traumatic Brain Injury for the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists. February 2007

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1. Communication

BEUKELMAN, D. R. & YORKSTON, K. M. (eds.) Communication disorders following traumatic brain injury. Publ: Pro-Ed, 1991 BRENNAN, D.M., GEORGEADIS, A C., BARON, C.R., BARKER, L.M. The effect of video-conference-based telerehabililtation on story retelling performance by brain-injured subjects and its implications for remote speech language therapy. Telemedicine journal and e-health: the official journal of American Telemedicine Association, 2004, vol. 10, no.2, pp 147-154 ISSN/ISBN:1530-5627. BURKE, R., BEUKELMAN, D.R., HUX, K. Accuracy, efficiency and preference of survivors of traumatic brain injury when using three organisation strategies to retrieve words. Brain Injury, 2004, Vol. 18 no. 5 pp 497-507 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. CATROPPA, C., ANDERSON, V. Recovery and predictors of language skills two years following paediatric traumatic brain injury. Brain-Language, 2004, Vol. 88, no. 11, pp 68-78 ISSN/ISBN: 0093-934X. COELHO, C.A., GRELA, B., CORSO, M., GAMBLE, A., FEINN, R. Microlinguistic deficits in the narrative discourse of adults with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 2005, Vol.19 no. 13, pp 1139-1145 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. FREUND, J, HAYTER, C, MACDONALD, S, NEARY, M. & WISEMAN-HAKES, C. ‘Cognitive communication disorders following traumatic brain injury – a practical guide’ (First Edition). Publ: Communication Skill Builders, 1994 GREEN, B. S, STEVENS, K. M. & WOLFE, T. D. Mild traumatic brain injury - a therapy and resource manual. Publ: Singular Publishing, 1997 HAGEN, C. Language disorders in head trauma. In Language disorders in adults: recent advances (ed Holland, A.). Publ: College Hill Press, 1984 HAMMOND, F.M., HART, T., BUSHNIK, T., CORRIGAN, J.D., SASSER, H. Change and predictors of change in communication, cognition and social function between 1 and 5 years after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2004, source: proquest all. HARTLEY L.L., Cognitive-Communicative Abilities Following Brain Injury: A Functional Approach. Publ: Singular Publishing Ltd, 1995 HERZOG, J. Communication disorders following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma rehabilitation, 2001. HINCHCLIFFE FIONA J. MURDOCH BRUCE E. CHENERY HELEN J. BAGLIONI JNR ANTHONY J. HARDING-CLARK JILL. Cognitive-linguistic subgroups in closed brain injury. Brain Injury, 1998, Vol. 12, no5

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HOLLIDAY R, HAMILTON S, LUTHRA A, ODDY M & WEEKES B.S. Text comprehension after TBI: Missing the gist?. Brain & Language 2005, Vol 95, 74-75. ISAKI, E. & TURKSTRA, L. Communication abilities and work re-entry following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 2000, Vol. 14, pp 441-453 KING K.A., HOUGH M.S., WALKER M.M., TASTATTER M., HOLBERT D. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects on Word Retrieval in Naming & Discourse. Brain Injury, June 2006, 20 (7) 725-732 LARKINS, B.M., WORRALL, L.E., HICKSON, L.M. Stakeholder opinion of functional communication activities following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 2004, Vol. 18 no. 7, pp 691-706 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. MACKENZIE, S., GALE, E., MUNDAY, R. Putney Auditory Single Word Yes/No Assessment (PASWORD). Development of a reliable test of yes/no at a single word level in patients unable to participate in assessments requiring a specific motor response: An exploratory study. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 2006, Vol. 41, no. 2, pp 225-234 ISSN/ISBN: 1368-2822. McDONALD S., TOGHER L., CODE C (Eds). Communication Disorders Following Traumatic Brain Injury Publ. Psychology Press, 1999 MINARDI, R., CAVATORTA, S. Integrated speech therapy interventions in rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. Europa-Medicophysica, 2003, Vol. 39, no. 3, pp 153-159 ISSN-ISBN: 0014-2573. MURDOCH, B.E. & THEODOROS D.G., Traumatic Brain Injury: Associated Speech, Language and Swallowing Disorders. Publ: Singular Thompson Learning, 2001 MURDOCH B.E. (ED). Dysarthria – A Physiological Approach to Assessment and Treatment Publ: Stanley Thornes, 1998 MURDOCH B.E. Acquired Speech and Language Disorders. Publ. Stanley Thornes 1990 PEELLE J, MCMILLAN C, MOORE P, GROSSMAN M & WINGFIREL A. Dissociable patterns of brain activity during comprehension of rapid and syntactically complex speech: Evidence from fMRI. Brain & Language 2004, Vol 91, 315 – 325. PERKINS, L, WHITWORTH, A. & LESSER, R. Conversation analysis profile for people with cognitive impairment. Publ: Whurr, London, 1997 PONSFORD J., SLOAN S. AND SNOW P. Traumatic Brain Injury – Rehabilitation for Everyday Adaptive Living Publ: Psychology Press 1995 SELLARS, C., HUGHES, T., LANGTHORNE, P. Speech and Language Therapy for Dysarthria due to non-progressive brain damage. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2005, issue 3.

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Seminars in Speech and Language, Vol 26, no. 4 2005. Evidence-based practice for cognitive-communication disorders after traumatic brain injury TOGHER, L., McDONALD, S., CODE, C., GRANT, S. Training communication partners of people with traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial. Aphasiology, 2004, Vol. 18, no. 4, pp 313-335 ISSN/ISBN: 0268-7038. TURKSTRA, L.S., Looking while listening and speaking: eye to face gaze in adolescents with and without traumatic brain injury. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 2005. WANG, Y.T., KENT, R.D., DUFFY, J.R., THOMAS, J.E., Dysarthria associated with traumatic brain injury: speaking rate and emphatic stress. Journal of Communication Disorders, 2005, Vol. 38, no. 3, pp 231-260 ISSN/ISBN: 0021-9924. WATTS A.J., DOUGLAS J.M. Interpreting facial expression and communication competence following severe traumatic brain injury. Aphasiology 2006, 20(8), 707-722 YLVISAKER M., Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Management of Communication and Language Deficits. Publ: HDI Publishers, 1997

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2. Cognitive and Other Deficits ADAMS, J., ADAMS, S., COLEMAN, M. Computerised cognitive rehabilitation training of a traumatic brain injury patient; a seven year follow up case study. Annals of General Psychiatry, 2006, Vol. 5 (suppl 1), no. S288. ANONYMOUS Rehabilitation of children and adults with cognitive-communication disorders after traumatic brain injury; Ad Hoc committee on interprofessional relationships of the American speech-language-hearing association (ASHA) and division 40 (clinical Psychology) of the American Psychological Association (APA). ASHA, 2003, source: proquest all. BENTRY, B., SMITH, A., DANCER, J. Relation of orientation, verbal aggression, and physical aggression to compliance in speech and language therapy for adults with traumatic brain injury. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2003, Vol. 96, no.3 part 2, pp 1311-1313 ISSN/ISBN: 0031-5125. BORGANO S.P., PRIGATANO G.P., KWASNICA C., REXER J.L. Cognitive and affective sequelae in complicated and uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, Vol 17, No. 3, 189-198, 2003 CATROPPA, C., ANDERSON, V. Planning, problem-solving and organisational abilities in children following traumatic brain injury; intervention techniques. Paediatric Rehabilitation, 2005, Vol. 9 no. 2, pp 89-97 ISSN/ISBN: 1363-8491. CHAN, R.C.K. Sustained attention in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Clinical Rehabilitation, 2005, Proquest all. CICERONE, K.D., ET.AL. Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: updated review of the literature from 1998 through 2002. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2005, Vol. 86, No. 8, pp 1681-1692 ISSN/ISBN: 0003-9993. FERGUSON, A., WORRALL, L., MCPHEE, J., BUSKELL, R., ARMSTRING, E. & TOGHER, L. Case study. Testamentary capacity and aphasia: A descriptive case report with implications for clinical practice. Aphasiology, 2003, 17 (10) 965-980 The Mental Capacity Bill / Mental Capacity Act– April 2005 www.doh.gov.uk HAGAN, C. & MALKMUS, D. Levels of cognitive functioning. Publ: Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, 1974 KENNEEDY, M.R.T., COELHO, C. Self-regulation after traumatic brain injury, a framework for intervention of memory and problem solving. Seminars in Speech and Language, Vol. 26, no. 4, pp 242-255. LEZAK, M. (ed.) Assessment of the behavioural consequences of head injury. Publ: Alan Liss, 1989

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MacNIVEN, J.A., POZ, R., BAINBRIDGE, K., GRACEY, F., WILSON, B.A. Emotional adjustment following cognitive recovery from persistent vegetative state: psychological and personal perspectives. Brain Injury, 2003, Vol. 17, no. 6, pp 525-533 ISSN-ISBN: 0269-9052. McDONALD S. Exploring the cognitive basis of right hemisphere pragmatic language disorders. Brain and Language, 2000, Vol 75, 82-107 McDONALD S., FLANAGHAN S., MARTIN I., SAUNDERS C. The ecological validity of TASIT: A test of social perception. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 14(3), 285-302 2004 MORAN, C., GILLON, G. Inference comprehension of adolescents with traumatic brain injury: a working memory hypothesis. Brain Injury, 2005, Vol. 19 no. 10, pp 743-751 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. MORAN, C., GILLON, G. Language and memory profiles of adolescents with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 2004, Vol. 18 no. 3, pp 273-288 ISSN/ISBN:0269-9052. MURRAY, L.L., RAMAGE, A.E. Assessing the executive function abilities of adults with neurogenic communication disorders. Seminars in Speech and Language, 2000, Vol. 21, no.2, pp 153-168 ISSN/ISBN: 0734-0478. OBERG, L., TURKSTRA, L.S. Use of elaborate encoding to facilitate verbal learning after adolescent traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1998, Vol. 13 no. 3, pp 44-62. POWELL T. AND MALIA A. The Brain Injury Workbook: Exercises for Cognitive Rehabilitation. Publ. Speechmark, 1999 SACKS, O. The man who mistook his wife for a hat. Publ: Penguin. SCHATZ, P., HUGHES, L.J., CHUTE, D.L. Underutilisation of neuropsychology in traumatic brain injury; is managed care to blame? Neurorehabilitation (special issue; controversies in neuropsychology), 2001, Vol. 16, no. 4, pp 281-287. SCHOPP, L.H., SHIGAKI, C.L., JOHNSTONE, B., KIRKPATRICK, H.A. Gender differences in cognitive and emotional adjustment to traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 2001, Vol. 8 no. 3, pp 181-188. TURKSTRA, L.S., FLORA, T.L., Compensating for executive function impairments after TBI: a single case study of functional intervention. Journal of Communication Disorders, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp 467-482 ISSN/ISBN: 0021-9924. TURKSTRA, L.S., KENNEDY, M. Evidence-based practice for cognitive communication disorders after traumatic brain injury. Seminars in Speech and Language Therapy, 2005, Vol. 26 no. 4, pp 213-214 ISSN/ISBN: 0734-0478. VAN DEN BROEK, M.D. Cognitive Rehabilitation and Traumatic Brain Injury. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 1999, Vol. 9, no. 3, pp 257-264.

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WADE, S.L., WOLFE, C.R., BROWN, T.M., PESTIAN, J.P. Can a web-based family problem-solving intervention work for children with traumatic brain injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 2005, Vol. 50, no. 4 ISSN/ISBN: 0090-5550. YLVISAKER, M., DeBONIS, D. Executive function impairment in adolescence: TBI and ADHD. Topics in Language Disorders, 2000, Vol. 20 issue 2, pp 29-58 YLVISAKER, M., TURKSTRA, L.S., COELHO, C. Behavioural and social interventions for individuals with traumatic brain injury: a summary of the research with clinical implications. Seminars in Speech and Language, 2005, Vol. 26, no.4, pp 256-267 ISSN/ISBN: 0734-0478.

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3. Acute Stage, Coma, PTA and Vegetative State. ANDREWS, K., MURPHY, L., MUNDAY, R., LITTLEWOOD, C. Misdiagnosis of the vegetative state: retrospective study in a rehabilitation unit. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), 1996, Vol. 313, no. 7048, pp 13-16 ISSN/ISBN: 0959-8138. ANSELL, B. J. Slow-to-recover brain-injured patients: rationale for treatment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1991, Vol. 34 (5), pp 1017-1022 ARTIOLI, I, FORNUNY, L, BRIGGS, M, NEWCOMBE, F, RATCLIFF, G. & THOMAS, C. Measuring the duration of post-traumatic amnesia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1980, Vol. 43, pp 377-379 Assessing decision-making and capacity in minimally-aware patients. Medicine, Science and the Law, 2005, Vol. 45, no. 3, pp 249-255 ISSN/ISBN: 0025-8024. AVESANIR, GRAZIA GAMBINI M., ALBERTINI G. The vegetative state: a report of two cases with a long-term follow up. Brain Injury, 2006, Vol 20(3), 333-338 BORTHWICK, C.J., CROSSELY, R. Permanent vegetative state: Usefulness and limits of a prognostic definition. NeuroRehabilitation, 2004, Vol. 19, no. 4, pp 381-389 ISSN/ISBN: 1053-8135. COLEMAN M.R. (Ed). The Assessment and Rehabilitation of Vegetative and Minimally Conscious Patients. Publ. Psychology Press, 2005 DAVIES, P. M. Starting again: early rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury or other severe brain Lesions. Publ: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994 DAVIES, A. E. & WHITE, J. J. Innovative sensory input for the comatose brain-injured patient. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 1995, Vol. 7 (2), pp 351-361 DEPUTY, S.R. The minimally conscious state in children. Clinical Paediatrics, 2002, Vol. 41, issue 9, pp 735-737. EILANDER, H.J., WIJEN, V.J.M., SCHIERS, J.G.M., de-KORT, P.L.M., PREVO, A.J.H. Children and young adults in a prolonged unconscious state due to severe brain injury: Outcome after an early intensive neuro-rehabilitation programme. Brain Injury, 2005, Vol. 19, no. 6, pp 425-436 ISSN/ISBN: 0296-9052. ELLIOT, L., WALKER, L. Rehabilitation interventions for vegetative and minimally conscious patients. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2005, Vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp 480-493. FORRESTER, G, ENCEL, J. & GEFFEN, G. Measuring post traumatic amnesia (PTA): an historical review. Brain Injury, 1994, Vol. 8 (2), pp 175-184

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FORTUNY, L. A, BRIGGS, M, NEWCOMBE, F, RATCLIFFE, G. & THOMAS, C. Measuring the duration of post-traumatic amnesia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, Vol. 43, pp 377-379 GIACINO, J., KALMAR, K. The vegetative and minimally conscious states; comparison of clinical features and functional outcome. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1997, Vol. 12, pp 36-51. GILL-THWAITES, H. The sensory modality assessment and rehabilitation technique - a tool for assessment and treatment of patients with severe brain injury. Brain Injury, 1997, Vol. 11 (10), pp 723-734 GILL-THWAITS, H. AND MUNDAY R. The Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART): a comprehensive and integrated assessment and treatment protocol of the vegetative state and minimally conscious patient. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 1999, Vol 9 PO. 305-320 LEON, C.J., VanEECKHOUT, P., DelROSARIO, D.M.M. The locked-in syndrome: A syndrome looking for a therapy. Brain Injury, 2002, Vol. 16, No. 7, pp 555-569. LEVIN, H. S, O’DONNELL, V. M. & GROSSMAN, R. G. The Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test: a practical scale to assess cognition after head injury. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1979, Vol. 167 (11), pp 675-683 LOMBARDI, F., TARICCO, M., De TANTI, A., TELARO, E., LIBERATI, A. Sensory Stimulation for brain injured individuals in coma or vegetative state. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2002, issue 2. MacKENZIE, S. Minimally responsive state: exploring communication potential. Speech and Language Therapy in Practice, 1997, pp 11-13 MAGEE, W.L. Music therapy care with patients in low awareness states: approaches to assessment and treatment in multidisciplinary care. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2005, Vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp 552-536 ISSN/ISBN: 0960-2011. RADER, M. A. & ELLIS, D. W. The Sensory Stimulation Assessment Measure (SSAM): a tool for early evaluation of severely brain-injured patients. Brain Injury, 1994, Vol. 8 (4), pp 309-321 SCHOTSMANS, P. Medical, ethical and legal issues surrounding treatment and health care of patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS). Bulletin of Medical Ethics, 1996, No 123, p insert 3-8 ISSN/ISBN: 0962-9564. TATE, R.L., PERDICES, M., PFAFF, A., JURJEVIC, L. Predicting duration of posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) from early PTA measurements. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2001, Vol. 16, no. 6, pp 525-542.

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WADE, D. Ethical issues in diagnosis and management of patients in the permanent vegetative state. British Medical Journal, 2001, Vol. 322, pp 352-354 WILSON, F.C. Vegetative and minimally conscious states: serial assessment approaches and management. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2005, Vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp 431-441 ISSN/ISBN: 0960-2011. WILSON, S. L, POWELL, G. E, BROCK, D. & THWAITES, H. Vegetative state and responses to sensory stimulation: an analysis of 24 cases. Brain Injury, 1996, Vol. 10 (11), pp 807-818 WILSON S.L., GILL T.H. Early indication of emergence from vegetative state derived from assessments with the SMART; a preliminary report. Brain Injury 2000, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp 319-331 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052 ZIEGER, A. New research and considerations in managing minimally conscious coma patients. Die Rehabilitation, 1998, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp 167-176 ISSN/ISBN: 0034-3536.

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4. Outcome and Rehabilitation. AMATI, R.C., DAVIS, A.S.D, Traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents: assessment and intervention. Psychology in the Schools, 2003. BARNES, M.P. Rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. British Medical Bulletin, 1999, Vol. 55, issue 4, pp 927-943 ISSN/ISBN: 0007-1420. BILBAO, A., KENNEDY, C., CHATTERJI, S., USTIN, B., LUIS VASQUEZ BARQUERO, J & BARTH, T. The ICF: Applications of the WHO model of functioning, disability and health to brain injury rehabilitation. NeuroRehabilitation 18 (2003) 239-250. BOURNMAN, J., MURPHY, J. Using the ICF in goal setting: Clinical application using talking mats. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive technology, June 2006; 1 (3): 145-154. BROWN, A.W., MALEC, J.F., McCLELLAND, R.L., DIEHL, N.N., ET AL. Clinical elements that predict outcome after TBI: A prospective multicentre recursive partitioning (decision tree) analysis. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2005, Source: Proquest all. BROWN, M. GORDON, W. & HADDAD, L. Models for predicting subjective quality of life in individuals with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2000, vol. 14 No 1, 5-19. CARPENTER, G.I., HASTIE, C.L., MORRIS, J.N., FRIES, B.E., ANKRI, J.Measuring change in activities of daily living in nursing home residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatrics, 2006, Vol. 6, no. 7. CARRAU R. and MURRY T. Comprehensive Management of Swallowing Disorders 2nd Edition. Singular Publishing Group Inc., 1999 COELHO, C.A., DeRUYTER, F., STEIN, M.Treatment efficacy: cognitive-communication disorders resulting from traumatic brain injury in adults. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1996, Vol. 39, no. 5, pp S5-17 ISSN/ISBN: 0022-4685. COELHO, C., YLVISAKER, M., TURKSTRA, L.S. Non-standardised assessment approaches for individuals with traumatic brain injuries. Seminars in Speech and Language, 2005. CRAWFORD, S, WENDON, F. & WADE, D. T. The Rivermead Head Injury Follow Up Questionnaire: a study of a new rating scale and other measures to evaluate outcomes following head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgey & Psychiatry, 1995 CRUISE, C.M., SASSON, N., LEE, M.H.M. Rehabilitation outcomes in the older adult. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 2006, Vol. 22, no. 2, pp 257-267. DAVIES P. Starting Again: Early rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury or other severe brain lesion. Note: 'Re-animating the face and mouth' Chapter 5. Publ: Springer Verlag, 1994 DEMIR, S.O., GGORGULU, G., KOSEOGLU, F. Comparison of rehabilitation outcome in patients with aphasic and non-aphasic traumatic brain injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2006, Vol. 38, no. 1, pp 68-71 ISSN/ISBN: 1650-1977.

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DIKEMAN K. and KAZANDJIANS M. Communication and Swallowing Management of Tracheostomised and Ventilator Dependent Adults. Publ: Singular Publishing Group Inc., 2003 GAMBLE, D., MOORE, C.L. Supported employment: disparities in vocational rehabilitation outcomes, expenditures and service time for persons with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 2003, Vol. 19, no. 1, pp 47-57. GAMBLE, D., MOORE, C. The relation between Vr services and employment outcomes of individuals with traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Rehabilitation, 2003, Source: Proquest all. GIACINO, J. & ZASLER, N. Outcome after severe traumatic brain injury: coma, the vegetative state and the minimally responsive state. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1995, Vol. 10, p 1 HAWKINS, M.L., LEWIS, F.D., MEDEIROS, R.S., SAFFLE, J.R., ET AL. Impact of length of stay on functional outcomes of traumatic brain injury patients/DISCUSSION. The American Surgeon, 2005, Source: Proquest all. HOMQUIST, L.A. Functional outcomes and recovery trends in paediatric traumatic brain injury. California School of Professional Psychology, Source: Proquest all. IP, R. Y, DORNAN, J. & SCHENTAG, C. Traumatic brain injury: factors predicting return to work or school. Brain Injury, 1995, Vol.9 (5), pp 517-532 LEVACK, W., DEAN, S., SEIGERT, J R & MCPHERSON, K. Review. Purposes and Mechanisms of goal planning in rehabilitation: The need for critical distinction. Disability and Rehabilitation, June 2006; 28(12): 741-749 LEW, H.L. Rehabilitation needs of an increasing population of patients, traumatic brain injury, polytrauma and blast related injuries. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 2005, Source: Proquest all. MacHAMER, J.E., TEMKIN, N.R., DIKMEN, S.S. Neurobehavioural outcome in persons with violent or non-violent traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2003, Source: Proquest all. McGRATH, J. Beyond restoration to transformation, positive outcomes in the rehabilitation of acquired brain injury. Clinical Rehabilitation, 2004, Source: Proquest all. MAILHAN, L., AZOUVI, P. & DAZORD, A. Life satisfaction and disability after severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury April 2005; 19(4) 227-238. O'NEIL-PIROZZI.T., LISIECKI D., MOMOSE K., Simultaneous Modified Barium Swallow and Blue Dye Tests: A Determination of the Accuracy of Blue Dye Test Aspiration Findings. Dysphagia , 2003, 18. 32-38

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PAGULAYAN, K.F., TEMKIN, N.R., MACAAMER, J., DIKMEN, S.S. A Longitudinal study of health related quality of life after traumatic brain injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2006 ISSN/ISBN: 0003-9993. PEGG, P.O., Jr, ET AL. The impact of patient centred information on patients’ treatment satisfaction and outcomes in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 2005, Vol. 50, no. 4, pp 366-374 ISSN/ISBN: 0090-5550. PONSFORD, J. Rehabilitation interventions after mild head injury. Current Opinion in Neurology, 2005, Vol. 18, no. 6, pp 692-697 ISSN/ISBN: 1350-7540. PONSFORD J.L., OLVER J.H., CURRAN C. A profile of outcome 2 years after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 1995, Vol 9 (1), 1-10 PONSFORD, J, SLOAN, S. & SNOW, P. Traumatic brain injury - rehabilitation for everyday adaptive living. Publ: Psychology Press, 1995 POVLISBOCK, J.T., KATZ, D.I. Update of neuropathology and neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2001. POWELL, J., HESLIN, J., GREENWOOD, R. Community based rehab after severe traumatic brain injury; a randomised controlled trial. Neurology in Practice, 2002, Vol. 72, no. 2, pp 193-202 ISSN/ISBN: 1473-7086. PRIGATANO, G. et al. Neuropsychological rehabilitation after brain injury. Publ: John Hopkins Press, 1986. QUEMADA, J.I., CESPEDES, J.M.M., EZKERRA, J., BALLESTEROS, J., ET AL. Outcome of memory rehabilitation in traumatic brain injury assessed by neuropsychological test and questionnaires. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2003, Source; Proquest all. SCHNEIDERT, M., HURST, R., MILLERS, J & USTUN, B. The role of the environment in the International Classification of Functioning , Disability and Health (ICF). Disability and Rehabilitation, 2003: vol 25, No 11-12, 588-595. SCHONBRUN, S.L., KAMPFE, C.M. Variables relating to employment outcomes in individuals with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counselling, 2004, Source Proquest all. SORBO, A., RYDENHAG,B., SUNNERHAGEN, K., BLOMQVIST, M., SVENSSON, S. & EMANUELSON, I. Outcome after severe brain damage, what makes the difference? Brain Injury, July 2005; 19(7): 493 STUCKI, G., EWART, T. & CEIZA, A. Value and application of the ICF in rehabilitation medicine. Disability and Rehabilitation, 2002; vol. No. 17, 932 TEMPEST, S & MCINTYRE, A. Using the ICF to clarify team roles and demonstrate clinical reasoning in stroke rehabilitation. Disability and Rehabilitation, May 2006; 28(10): 663-667

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TESIO, L., CANTAGALLO, A. The functional assessment measure (FAM) in closed traumatic brain injury outpatients: a Rasch-based psychometric study. Journal of Outcome Measurement, 1998, Vol. 2, no. 2, pp 79-96 ISSN/ISBN: 1090-655X. TOSCHLOG, E.A., MACELLIGO, J., SAGRAVES, S.G., SCHENARTS, P.J., ET AL. The relationship of injury severity score and Glasgow Coma score to rehabilitative potential in patients suffering traumatic brain injury/ DISCUSSION. The American Surgeon, 2003, Source: Proquest all. TURNER-STOKES, L., DISLER, P. NAIR, A & WADE, D. Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation for acquired brain injury in adults of working age. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005 Issue 4 VAN DEN BROAK, M. Why does neuro-rehabilitaion fail? J Head Trauma Rehabilitation. 2005 Vol 20. No 5 pp 464 - 473 VAN DEN BROCK M. AND DAYUS B. Head Injury Education – A Group Therapy Manual. Publ. Speechmark, 2002 WANG, P., BADLEY, E., GIGNAC, M. Exploring the role of contextual factors in disability models. Disability and Rehabilitation, Jan 2006; 28 (2): 135-140. WEDEKIND, C., LIPPERT, G.M. Long term outcome in severe traumatic brain injury is significantly influenced by brainstem involvement. Brain Injury, 2005, Vol. 19, no. 9, pp 681-684 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. WEISS, D.D., PUCHTA, J.B. Independent living centre services for post-hospital traumatic brain injury patients. Journal of Cognitive Rehabilitation, 1999, Vol. 17, no. 6, pp 6-12. YLVISAKER, M. (ed.) Traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: Children and Adolescents (2nd edition). Publ: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998

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5. Family and Psychosocial: BOND, A.E., DRAEGER, C.R., MANDLECO, B., DONNELLY, M. Needs of family members of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Implications for evidence-based practice. Critical Care Nurse, 2003, Source: Proquest all. HEADWAY PUBLICATIONS: available from Headway – the Brain Injury Association, 4 King Edward Court, King Edward Street, Nottingham, NG1 1EW, Telephone: 0115 924 0800/Helpline: 0808 800 2244 Coma After Brain Injury Communication Problems Memory Problems Minor Brain Injury The Effects of Brain Injury What is a Head Injury? Coping with Severe Brain Injury Personal and Sexual Relationships Following Brain Injury Returning to Work Welfare Benefits Managing Anger Driving After Brian Injury Claiming Compensation My Dad’s Had a Brain Injury Redeveloping Skills JOHNSON, D. A, UTTLEY, D. & WYKE, M. Children’s head injury: who cares?. Publ: Taylor & Francis, 1989 LAYMAN, D.E., DIJKERS, M.P.J., ASHMAN, T.A. Exploring the impact of traumatic brain injury in the older couple: “yes, but how much of it is age, I can’t tell you”. Brain Injury, 2005, vol. 19, no. 11, pp 909-923 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. LEZAK, M. D. Brain damage is a family affair. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology,1988, Vol. 10 (1), pp 111-123 MacNIVEN J.A., POZ, R., BAINBRIDGE, K., GRACEY, F., WILSON, B.A. Emotional adjustment following cognitive recovery from persistent vegetative state: psychological and personal perspectives. Brain Injury, 2003, vol. 17, no. 6, pp 525-533 ISSN’ISBN: 0269-9052. MEYERS, V.L. Needs of families of severe traumatic brain injured individuals during the critical care experience. Grand Valley State University, Source: Proquest all. MORTON, M. V. & WEHMAN, P. Psychosocial and emotional sequalae of individuals with traumatic brain injury: a literature review and recommendations. Brain Injury, 1995, Vol. 9 (1), pp 81-92

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PARKIN, A.E., MAAS, F., RODGER, S. Factors contributing to successful return to school for students with acquired brain injury: parent perspectives. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 2006. PEGG, P.O. Jr, ET AL. The impact of patient centred information on patients treatment satisfaction and outcomes in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 2005, Vol. 50, no. 4, pp 366-374 ISSN/ISBN: 0090-5550. PETERS, L. C, STAMBROOK, M, MOORE, A. D. & ESSES, L. Psychosocial sequelae of closed head injury: effects on the marital relationship. Brain Injury, 1990, Vol. 4 (1), pp 39-47 PETERSEN, C., SCHERWATH, A., KRUITHOFF, E., KOCH, U. Post acute service utilisation and parental satisfaction with health care services after mild traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents. Brain Injury, 2006, Vol. 20 no. 3, pp 321-326 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. POGGI, G., ET AL. Psychological and adjustment problems due to acquired brain lesions in childhood: a comparison between post-traumatic patients and brain tumour survivors. Brain Injury, 2005, Vol. 19, no. 10, pp 777-785 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. SCHWEER, L.H., COOK, B.S., BIRENS, K., VanKWIKEN, D., GARCIA, V.F., FALCONE, R.A. Jr. Family perception, quality of life following a child’s traumatic injury. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 2006, vol. 13, no. 1, pp 6-16 ISSN/ISBN: 1078-7496. SIMMONS, D., LUDWIG, F. Changes in daily experiences; perceptions of the care provider of the traumatic brain injured. Occupational Therapy in Health Care, 2004, Vol. 18, no. 3, pp 47-63 ISSN/ISBN: 0738-0577. SINNAKARUPPAN I., WILLIAMS D.M. Family carers and the adult head injured: a critical review of carers’ needs. Brain Injury, 2001, Vol 15, No. 18, 653-672 WEHMAN, P, KREGEL, J, SHERRON, P. et al Critical factors associated with the successful supported employment placements of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 1993, Vol. 7, pp 31-44 WILLIAMS, M.G.H. A population-based assessment of family caregivers of children with brain injury. Rush University, Proquest all.

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6. Dysphagia ANNONI, J.M., VUAGNAT, H., FRISHKNECHT, R., UEBELHART, D. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in neurological rehabilitation: a report of six cases. Disability and Rehabilitation, 1998, Vol. 20, No. 8, pp 308-314 ISSN-ISBN: 0963-8288. BUCKLEY, T. ET AL. Ethics roundtable debate: Withdrawal of tube feeding in a patient with persistent vegetative state where the patients wishes are unclear and there is family dissension. Critical care, 2004, Vol. 8, pp 79-84. CHERNEY, L.R., HALPER, A.S. Swallowing problems in adults with traumatic brain injury. Seminars in Neurology, 1996, Vol. 16, no. 4, pp 349-353 ISSN/ISBN: 0271-8235. DIKEMAN, K. & KAZANDJIAN. Communication and swallowing management of tracheostomised and ventilatordependent adults. Publ: Singular Press, 2002 DUONG, T.T., ENGLANDER, J., WRIGHT, J., CIFU, D.X., GREENWALD, B.D., BROWN, A.W. Relationship between strength balance and swallowing deficits and outcome after traumatic brain injury: a multicentre analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2004, Vol. 85, no. 8, pp 1291-1297 ISSN/ISBN: 0003-9993. GILMORE R., ARAM J., POWELL J., GREENWOOD R. Treatment of oro-facial hypersensitivity following brain injury. Brain Injury 2003, Vol 17, No. 4, 347-354 LEDER, S.B. Fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in patients with acute traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1999, Vol. 14, no. 5, pp 448-453 ISSN/ISBN: 0885-9701. LOGEMANN, J. Evaluation and treatment of swallowing disorders (Second edition). Publ: Pro-Ed Inc, 1997 MacKAY, L.E., MORGAN, A.S., BERNSTEIN, B.A. Factors affecting oral feeding with severe traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1999, Vol. 14, no. 5, pp 435-447 ISSN/ISBN: 0885-9701. MAYER, V. The challenges of managing Dysphagia in brain-injured patients. British Journal of Community Nursing, 2004, Vol. 9, no. 2, pp 67-73 ISSN/ISBN: 1462-4753. MORGAN, A., WARD, E., MURDOCH, B. A case study of the resolution of paediatric Dysphagia following brainstem injury: clinical and instrumental assessment. Journal of Clinical neuroscience: official Journal of the neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2004, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp 182-190 ISSN-ISBN: 0967-5868. MORGAN A., WARD, E., MURDOCH, B. Clinical characteristics of acute Dysphagia in paediatric patients following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2004, Vol. 19, no. 3, pp 226-240 ISSN-ISBN: 0885-9701. MORGAN, A., WARD, E., MURDOCH, B. Clinical progression and outcome of Dysphagia following paediatric traumatic brain injury: a prospective study. Brain Injury, 2004, Vol. 18, no. 4, pp 359-376 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052.

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MORGAN, A., WARD, E., MURDOCH, B., KENNEDY, B., MURISON, R. Incidence, characteristics and predictive factors for Dysphagia after paediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2003, Vol. 18, no. 3, pp 239-251 ISSN/ISBN: 0885-9701. MORGAN, A., WARD, E., MURDOCH, B., BILBIE, K. Acute characteristics of paediatric Dysphagia subsequent to traumatic brain injury: video fluoroscopic assessment. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2002, Vol. 17, no. 3, pp 220-241 ISSN/ISBN: 0885-9701. MORGAN, A. S., MACKAY, L.E. Causes and complications associated with swallowing disorders in traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1999, Vol. 14, no. 5, pp 454-461 ISSN/ISBN: 0885-9701. NASH, M. Swallowing problems in the tracheostomized patient. Otolaryngolic Clinics of North America, 1988, Vol. 21 (4), pp 701-709 O’NEIL, P.T.M., MOMOSE, K.J., MELLO, J., LEPAK, P., McCABE, M., CONNORS, J.J., LISIECKI, D.J. Feasibility of swallowing interventions for tracheostomised individuals with severely disordered consciousness following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 2003, Vol. 17, no. 5, pp 389-399 ISSN/ISBN: 0269-9052. ROWE, L.A. Case studies in Dysphagia following paediatric brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1999, Vol. 14, no. 5, pp 497-504 ISSN-ISBN: 0885-9701. ROYAL COLLEGE OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPISTS Guidelines on endoscopy and radiological imaging of dysphagia. 1999 SCHURR, M.J., EBNER, K.A., MASER, A.L., SPERLING, K.B., HELGERSON, R.B., HARMS, B. Formal swallowing evaluation and therapy after traumatic brain injury improves Dysphagia outcomes. The Journal of Trauma, 1999, Vol. 46, no. 5, pp 817-821 ISSN/ISBN: 0022-5282. YANAGAWA, T., BUNN, F., WENTZ, R., PEIRRO, A. Nutritional support for head-injured patients. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2002, Issue 3. YLVISAKER & LOGEMANN, J. A. Therapy for feeding and swallowing following head injury. In Management of head injured patients (ed. Ylvisaker, M.). Publ: College Hill, 1986 YORKSTON, K. M, HONSINGNER, M. J, MITSUDA, P. M. & HAMMEN, V. The relationship between speech and swallowing disorders in head-injured patients. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 1989, Vol. 4 (4), pp 1-16

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7. Service Planning BLOSSER, J.L., KRATCOSKI, A. PACs: A framework for determining appropriate service delivery options…..providers, activities and contexts. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 1997, Vol. 28, no. 2, pp 99-107 ISSN/ISBN: 0161-1461. EMANUELSON, I. ET AL Early community outreach in children with acquired brain injury. International Journal of Rehabilitation Results, 2003., Vol. 26, no. 4, pp 257-264 ISSN/ISBN: 0342-5282. ENDERBY, P. & DAVIES, P. Communication disorders: planning a service to meet the needs. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 1989, Vol. 24 (3), pp 301-331 GLANG, A., TYLER, J., PEARSON, S., TOOLIS, B., MORVANT, M. Improving educational services for students with traumatic brain injury through statewide consulting teams. NeuroRehabilitation, 2004, Vol. 19, no. 3, pp 219-231. JACKSON, A.C., TANGNEY, S. A service mapping approach to the analysis of service use for people with acquired brain injury. Social Work in Health Care, 1997, Vol. 25, pp 169-192 ISSN/ISBN: 0098-1389. PENTLAND, S. & BARNES, M. Staffing provision for early head injury rehabilitation. Clinical Rehabilitation, 1988, Vol. 2, pp 309-313 Rehabilitation Following Acquired Brain Injury – National Clinical Guidelines – Royal College of Physicians and British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine (2003) SOCIAL SERVICES INSPECTORATE. A hidden disability. Traumatic brain injury rehabilitation project. Department Of Health 1996 THORNHILL, S, TEASDALE, G. M, MURRAY, G. D, McEWEN, J, ROY, C. W. & PENNY, K. Disability in young people and adults one year after head injury: prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, 2000, Vol. 320, pp 1631-1635 WADE, D. T, KING, N. S, WENDEN, F. J, CRAWFORD, S. & CALDWELL, F. E. Routine follow up after head injury: a second randomised controlled trial. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 1998, Vol. 65 (2), pp 117-183

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8. Epidemiology and General GUILMETTE Pocket guide to head injury, cognitive, and neurobehavioural rehabilitation. Publ: Singular Publishing, 1997 HEGDE M.N. Pocket Guide to Assessment in Speech-Language Pathology. 2nd Edition Publ: Singular Thomson Learning, 2001 POWELL T. Head Injury: A Practical Guide Publ: Speechmark, 2004 RAO, R.P. Traumatic brain injuries in infants and young children. Dialog Cinahl. TENNANT, A., Admission to hospital following head injury in England: Incidence and socio-economic associations. BMC Public Health, 2005, Vol. 5, no. 21. WOOD, R. & McMILLAN, T. (eds.) Neurobehavioral disability and social handicap following traumatic brain injury. Publ: Psychology Press, 2001

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9. National Guidance National Guidance NICE Head Injury. Triage, assessment, investigation and early Management of Head Injury in infants, children and adults. Clinical Guidance 4. June 2003. ww.nice.org.uk The National Service Framework for Long-term Conditions. March 2005. Department of Health Publications Orderline. PO Box 777, London SE1 6XH Rehabilitation following acquired brain injury – National Clinical Guidelines. British Society of RehabilitationMmedicine and the Royal College of Physicians. 2003 Vocational assessment and rehabilitation after acquired brain injury. Inter – agency guidelines. Royal College of Physicians of London 2004 Supporting People with Longer Term Conditions. An NHS and Social Care Model to support local innovation and integration. Department of Health. Jan 2005 The Mental Capacity Bill / Mental Capacity Act– April 2005 www.doh.gov.uk ‘Bournewood’ Consultation DoH March 2005. www.doh.gov.uk