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chapter:12 Transport

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Introduction Transport provides a link between consumer and the producer . The topography and climatic conditions have direct effect upon development means transportation.

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Means of transportation • Water Ways• Lakes• Canals• Suez canal• Panama canal • Ocean routes• North Atlantic ocean Route• The North pacific route

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Panama canal• On 81th November, 1903 a treaty between U.S.A and Panama was signed to build and operate a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. • Two new treaties between Panama and U.S.A were agreed on 10th Augest and signed on 7th September 1977. • The Panama canal generates its own hydro-electric power.• U.S.A has a great benefit of Panama Canal.

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Merits • The most important effect has been bring the eastern and western sea.• The panama canal has given the united states commercial advantage in the pacific over the European countries.• The panama canal authority earned the revenue as toll tax in 1984 was 350 Million dollars.

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Ocean Transport• Ocean are the main high way for international trade.• Ocean transport considered as the cheapest means of transportation.Ocean routes• The ships have freedom to move in ocean

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North Atlantic ocean route• This is the most important ocean routes of the world.• It connects eastern north American countries with North western Europe.• Most of the world’s ships pass through this route.

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Advantages• Much contributed to the development of industries and expansion of population.• Major ports of the world are found on this route• It easy access to the fuel, because coal and petrol are found in abundance in Eastern America, western Europe and U.S.A• The water of this ocean is free from snow.

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