Translation Techniquesby Group 3

Members of Group 3 :1. Dika Maknalia P (114140003)

2. Faisal Adrian S (114140013)3. Endah Wilada Y (114140023)

4. Kevin Philips B (114140033)

What is Translation ??

• “Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.”

• Secara lebih sederhana, menterjemahkan dapat didefenisikan sebagai memindahkan suatu amanat dari bahasa sumber ke bahasa penerima (sasaran) dengan pertama-tama mengungkapkan maknanya dan kedua mengungkapkan gaya bahasanya.

The Six Important Steps In Translating English Sentences:

1. Sentence identification2. Sentence analysis : knowing the subject,

predicate, object and the adverb of the sentence.

3. Make sure that messages from the source language have been understood, that is marking the main part of the sentence, they are subject, predicate, object or the complement.

4. Restructure the sentence that doesn’t have the same point.

5. As Duff’s translating principle states “One of the most frequent critics of translation is that it does not sound ‘natural’. This is because the translator’s thoughts and choice of words are too strongly molded by the original text.

6. Try to translate until the level of idiomatic as suggested.

There are 8 types of TranslationWord-by-word

Translation

Literal Translation

Free Translation

Dynamic Translation

Pragmatit Translation

Linguistic Translation

Communicative Translation

Semantic Translation

Word by Word translation:

In this kind of translation, a translator just ascertains the same meaning of the source language word to the receptor language word. It can be implemented when the source and the receptor language have the same sentence structures.

Examples

• Heavy Metal is The Mining Product. (Logam Berat adalah Hasil Pertambangan)

• Nitrogen is The Biggest Chem Composisition In The Earth. (Nitrogen adalah zat penyusun terbesar di bumi)

• Wind is The Renewable Resource. (Angin adalah Sumber yang terbarukan)

It is between word-for-word translation and free translation. It is usually used when the sentence structure of the source language and the receptor the language is different

Literal translation:

Examples

• My government is chasing the illegal loggers in Sumatra (Pemerintah saya sedang mengejar pelaku pembalakan liar di Sumatra)

• Land degradation in open mining is bigger than underground mining (Degradasi lahan di tambang terbuka lebih besar daripada tambang bawah tanah)

Free Translation

To translate with free translation, a translator has to understand the main idea for the source language paragraph of discourse and then describes it to the receptor language. Idiomatic expressions and proverbs are often translated freely

For the Examples :

• To play truant. (membolos)• To kick something around. (membahas)• Killing two birds with one stone. (menyelam

sambil minum air)

Dynamic translation

It is transferring the main idea of source language to receptor language by common expressions. It gives the priority to the main idea expression and specific receptor language.

For the Examples :

• The author has organized mineralogy book since 1995. is not common when translated to be: (Penulis mengorganisasi buku ilmu pengetahuan mineral ini sejak 1995). ‘Menyusun’ is the common translation of the word ‘to organize’.

Pragmatic Translation

It prioritizes the similarity of the source language and the receptor language information translation. It does not depend on esthetic values.

For the Examples :

• Global Warming is changes in the surface air temperature. Referred to as the global temperature. Brought about by the enhanced greenhouse effect which is induced by emission of greenhouse into the air

• (Pemanasan global adalah perubahan suhu udara permukaan, disebut sebagai suhu global, disebabkan oleh peningkatan efek rumah kaca yang disebabkan oleh emisi rumah kaca ke udara)

Linguistic Translation• It is the translation that contains implicit

linguistic information in source language that is changed to be explicit and in the transfer meaning, it use the reflect transformation and meaning component analysis.

Surface Structure Deep StructureHarry is willing to help Harry is willing to help one

Harry is difficult to help Harry is difficult for one to help.

Communicative Translation

• Communicative translation requires a translation language that has form, meaning and function.

For the example:

• I would admit that I am wrong.(would in the sentence express a willing to do something)

• I will admit that I am wrong.(will in the sentence express something to do)

Semantic Translation• Semantic translation is focused on the most

suitable word for the receptor language that pays attention to the source language culture. e.g. Differences in using word ‘dad’ and ‘sir’. Although the word are used to call the same person, the meaning is still different; ‘papa’ and ‘Pak’.

Exercises :Translation this sentences :

1. Few members support the reforestation movement2. She is a very good hidrology lecture.3. Make everyday earth day.4. Whoever throw out this trashing certainly have the

worst attitude.5. Minamata disease is a disease of the central

nervous system, a poisoning caused by long-term consumption, in large amounts, of fish and shellfish from Minamata Bay.

References :

• Feni Ike Kusuma. 2007. Techniques For Translating English Sentences.Yogyakarta

• Wikipedia.2015.Minamata Disease.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minamata_disease. Access on 9 March 2015.