translation
DESCRIPTION
Translation. Catalyst: Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found? Why do we need RNA? Convert this strand of DNA into RNA. GACATTCAGAACAAG. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!. Objectives. By the end of today, SWBAT… Describe how RNA is translated into protein. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Translation
Catalyst: Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found?
Why do we need RNA? Convert this strand of DNA into RNA.GACATTCAGAACAAGWrite in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Catalyst!
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Objectives
By the end of today, SWBAT…
Describe how RNA is translated into protein.
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Central Dogma
DNA
RNA
Protein
Transcription
Translation
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What the heck is going on in this picture?
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Base Pairing
RNAlovesU
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USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY DNA COPY
A A G
T T C A A G C A A T C G
T T C G T T A G C
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USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY DNA COPY
C G T
G C A T T C A A G C A T
A A G T T C G T A
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USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY RNA COPY
U C G
A G C C T G T A G G C A
G A C A U C C G U
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USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY RNA COPY
U U A
A A T C C G T A T C T A
G G C A U A G A U
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Homework: the Chart
DNA RNA
# of strands
Nitrogenous bases used
Type of sugar in backbone
What does it do to genetic information?
Is it made of nucleotides?
Found in nucleus? Cytoplasm?
Complimentary strand to DNA of GATTACTACGA?
Complimentary strand to DNA of TTTAGGGCCCAT
2 1
AUGCATGC
deoxyribose ribose
Store it/hold it Carry it to ribosomes
yesyes
Nucleus only Nucleus and cytoplasm
CUAAUGAUGCUCTAATGATGCT
AAATCCCGGGTA AAAUCCCGGGUA
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Translation
Key Point #1: In translation,
ribosomes read the information in RNA.
Ribosomes read RNA three bases at a time.
Each set of three is called a codon.
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The mRNA code
Key Point #2: Each codon is the instructions to make one amino acid.
Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins.
One protein = a bunch of amino acids.
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Translation
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Table of CODONST
hird
Le
tter
From your three letter codon, you can use this table to figure out what amino acid it is.
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Let’s Practice
Codon: UACWhat is the amino acid?
Tyrosine!
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STOP!
After a protein is done being made, it needs to have a signal to stop adding on more amino acids. All mRNA chains will end in a STOP codon. This is the end of the protein.
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Modeling Putting it all together Change this DNA sequence into mRNA
CCATCGGGAACTGGUAGCCCUUGA Now split the mRNA into codons
GGU-AGC-CCU-UGA Finally, make an amino acid sequence
Glycine-Serine-Proline-Stop
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Look in your NOTES!
What is translation?
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What the heck is going on in this picture?
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What the heck is going on in this picture?
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NOTES NOTES NOTES
What is a codon?
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How many nucleotides make up a codon?
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What do all mRNA sequences end in?
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What is an amino acid?
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Make this DNA into a protein Change this DNA sequence into mRNA
CACTGAGTGATCGUGACUCACUAG Now split the mRNA into codons
GUG-ACU-CAC-UAG Finally, make an amino acid sequence
Valine-Threonine-Histidine-Stop
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Codon Bingo
Look at your codon tables and put the 20 amino acids in the spots. You will repeat .
I am going to call out codons.
If you get a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal row, you win!
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OH MAN THERE WAS A ROBBERYBut luckily they have some DNA evidence.
Weirdly, they asked me to get my Biology class to solve it!
Make sure you make a sketch of the suspect! That jerk!
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Exit Questions
What does the process of translation do?
Convert this strand of DNA to an amino acid sequence.AAACAAGCACCCWrite in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Exit Question!