transit oriented development strategic plan for bhopal ...sutpindia.com/skin/pdf/workshop...

Transit Oriented Development Strategic Plan for Bhopal

Session 1: TOD in the Indian Context

26th February, 2015

IBI GROUP

AGENDA

IBI GROUP Defining the cities of tomorrow

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T = Transit frequency and

usefulness

O = Orienting infrastructure

for making pedestrian

connections between transit

and development

D = Development featuring

a mix of uses and densitiesSource: Dena Belzer, Strategic Economics

DEMYSTIFYING TODDEMYSTIFYING TOD


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TOD PLANNING SCALES

Successful TODs are a result of coordinated planning policies

implemented consistently at varying geographic scales- regional, city,

corridor, neighbourhood, and site - over a time period of 10-20 years.

Transportation & Land Use Planning…The Story So Far


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TOD Supportive Regulations.. Attempts in India- Ahmedabad

• Proposed Local Area Plans for the overlay zones

• Differential FSI- high in CBD area, along Sabarmati riverfront and transit corridor

• Removed height restrictions

• Increased ground coverage from existing 30% to 51%

• Premium FSI for energy efficient buildings

• Mandatory water harvesting, waste water reuse and solar energy for plot areas > 5000 sqm


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TOD Supportive Regulations.. Attempts in India- Bangalore


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TOD Supportive Regulations.. Attempts in India- Mumbai

• ‘Shop-Line’ concept built into DCR/ DP

• Inclusionary housing requirement

• Parking Restrictions

• Differential FARs: 2.5-8.0

• Decentralized infrastructure

• In lieu of FAR as a “by-right” controlling mechanism use open space & parking at the parcel level to guide development


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TOD Supportive Regulations.. Attempts in India- Mumbai


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TOD Supportive Regulations.. Attempts in India- Naya Raipur

• Reduced parking standards

• Well-designed transit station for a high quality user experience

• Proposed streetscape design

• Active frontage- street facing buildings

• Mixed use development

• TOD supportive Ground Coverage, FAR, Height and Other Controls


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Lessons Learned

1. Station Area Planning to determine appropriate densification;

2. Special Overlay Zoning Districts as supplemental provisions to existing regulations

3. Differential FARs to adjust for contextual variation according to on-ground conditions;

4. Land Pooling to proactively push market towards TODs around station;

5. Density bonuses (higher FARs) in exchange of public infrastructure investments by private sector; and

6. Mixed-Use Development within a walking distance from transit stations


Session 2: National Level TOD Guidance Document

26th February, 2015

IBI GROUP

Project BackgronundProject Overview

• Enhance Capacity in implementing sustainable transportation concepts in the

country for NMT, Bike Sharing & TOD through the development of

– Guidance documents

– Two City Specific Plans each

• Ensure that Guidance Documents address practical on-ground issues:

demonstration projects in two cities for each of the 3 themes

• Empanel consultants who can carry out projects in these three areas

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Need for TOD Guideline

Western concepts need to be

adjusted to the Indian context

Absence of national level

guidance documents resulting in

various interpretations of the

planning, design and

implementation process

Multiple versions of these

"western" concepts are floating in

the cities and there is a threat of

confusion/ ambiguity being

created by these disconnected

efforts

Scalability/ Learning from

Success Stories

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Need for Guidelines

Large-scale infrastructure

investments in transit systems

and initiatives such as Delhi-

Mumbai Industrial Corridor need

to realign with TOD principles

of:

integrated land use and

transportation

pedestrian prioritization, and

reduction of automobile usage

Align with Smart Cities

Mission

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Who will be responsible for preparing

and implementing TOD plans?

a. Development or Planning Authority/

Municipal Corporation: Planning,

Implementation, and Enforcement

b. Transit Agency: Planning and

Implementation

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What is the ideal scale for planning TODs?

Region or City | Corridor | Station Area | Project Site.

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Can TOD policies be incorporated into statutory

documents such as the Comprehensive Development

Plan/ Master Plan/ Development Control Regulations?

• Master Plan Update process which happens typically every ten

years;

• As a separate TOD chapter inserted as an amendment to the

existing Master Plan;

• As modifications to specific elements of DCRs such as parking

requirements, building heights, FARs, setbacks, public realm

improvements along priority transit corridors; or

• As urban design guidelines supporting Development Control

Regulations.

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In the western context, TODs are often used as a

planning tool to increase population densities and

transit ridership. Will increased FARs in TOD areas

be relevant in dense Indian cities?

Will TOD as a concept be effective in built-up urban

areas?

Indian cities may be dense, but safe, secure and efficient

pedestrian connections within developments and to adjacent

development and Public Transport are not always there.

high density areas in Indian cities are characterized by singular uses

instead of mixed land uses including a mismatch between jobs

and housing development density near transit stops and stations.

How will the Guidance Document help cities- HOW?

• Streamline the process of TOD

planning in the country

• Avoid duplication of effort by

individual governments/

municipalities

• Sensitive to contextual variations

and on-ground realities

• Applicability at various scales

• Diverse user groups

• Flexible standard for development of

Greenfield areas & redevelopment

of infill areas

Target Users- WHO?

State &

Local

Planning

Agencies

Private

Stakeholders

Transit

Agencies

• City’s readiness for implementing TOD

• Development along transit corridors

• Improving infrastructure

• Station Area Planning

• Active marketing of TOD opportunities

• Joint development at stations

• Real estate development

• Joint development opportunities

Guidance Document- PROCESS

Step-by-step

process

Principles +

Components

Tools

Process from inception to implementation is

captured in “five key steps”:

Additional detail - logical sequence of

activities in accomplishing tasks in

varying conditions.

Principle focusing on aspects of design and

planning of TOD

TOD Guidance Document - STEP BY STEP

Based on:

• Lessons Learned from Best

Practices

• Current Initiatives in India; and

• Workshop Feedback

• Framework for Guidance

Document based on five themes

STEP-1 ASSESS

TOOL 1: “HOW-TO”

DETERMINE SCALE OF

TOD PLAN?

STEP-1 ASSESS

STEP-2 ENABLE

TOOL 2: “HOW-TO”

CREATE A TASK FORCE?

STEP-2 ENABLE

STEP-3 PLAN + DESIGN PRINCIPLES

12 GUIDING PRINCIPLES +

8 SUPPORTING PRINCIPLES


MULTIMODAL

INTEGRATION1 FIRST & LAST MILE

CONNECTIVITY2INTERCONNECTED

STREET NETWORKCOMPLETE STREETS

NMT NETWORK TRAFFIC CALMING

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MIX LAND USES7 OPTIMIZE DENSITIES8STREET ORIENTED

BUILDINGMANAGE PARKING

INFORMAL

SECTORHOUSING DIVERSITY

99 101211

STEP-3 PLAN + DESIGN


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Retail building abuts footpath, keeping pedestrians safe & street active.....

Zero Setback edge condition

Shanghai (Source: UTTIPEC, DDA)


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Zero Setback edge condition: CIVIC BUILDING

Shanghai (Source: UTTIPEC, DDA)

STEP-4 INVEST

Joint Development

STEP-5 IMPLEMENT

STEP-5 IMPLEMENT- Statutory Relevance

STEP-5 IMPLEMENT- Monitoring & Evaluation


Session 4: Panel Discussion

26th February, 2015

IBI GROUP


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CHALLENGES IN INTEGRATED TOD PLANNING

• Overlapping Institutional

Responsibilities

• Conflicting Policies & Values

• Timing of Transit & Land Use

Decisions

• Disconnect between Scales

of Planning

• Obsolete Development

Regulations

• Lack of structure in Real

Estate Markets

• Technical Capacities