transformations in the arab world iraq data professor christian w. haerpfer...
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Transformations in the Arab World
Iraq data
Professor Christian W. Haerpfer
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Transformations in the Arab World
Since January 2011, the Arab World entered into a historical process of rapid and deep change of its political and social structures.
This process of political transformations shows some striking similarities with the political revolution in post-Communist Europe and post-Soviet Eurasia in the period between November 1989 (The fall of the Iron Curtain) and December 1991 (The end of the Soviet Union).
The main task of the project is to provide a scientific comparison the political and social transformation or stability in 7 Arab countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, and Iraq.
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ArabTrans survey fieldwork
There are 6 research teams tasked with conducting large-scale quantitative surveys in 7 countries in the Arab World.
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Morocco – MEDA SolutionsAlgeria – CREAD (Centre de Recherche en Economie Appliquee pour le Development)Tunisia – ASSF (Applied Social Science Forum)Libya and Iraq – IIACSS (Independent Institute for Administration and Civil Society Studies)Egypt – Bassera (Egyptian Centre for Public Opinion Research)Jordan – University of Jordan
ArabTrans European partners
ArabTrans consortium also includes 6 European partners:
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United Kingdom – University of Aberdeen (Coordinator)Ireland – Dublin City UniversitySpain – ASEP (Análisis Sociológicos Económicos y Políticos, Madrid)Italy – ISPI (Istituto per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale, Milan)Austria – University of ViennaMoldova – Concluzia (Centre for Survey Methodology, Chisinau)
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Iraq survey team: IIACSS
Dr Munqith Dagher – National Director
Independent Institute for Administration and Civil
Society Studies
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Iraq survey team: IIACSSIndependent Institute for Administration and Civil
Society Studies Dr Abdul Razzaq
Project director for Baghdad and Northern Governorates and a founding member of IIACSS. Personally managed more than 300 polls in Iraq and oversees IIACSS’s Quality Control Procedures for fieldwork.
Dr Abdul Sahib Saleh
Project director for sample design and Southern Governorates and a founding member of IIACSS. Responsible for sample design, quality control and data checks on all samples, as well as all fieldwork operations in the southern governorates.
Doaa Barqawi
Qualitative Research Manager. Has 14 years of experience in market research and holds a degree in Statistics from Yarmouk University. She joined IIACSS in 2006 as a qualitative researcher and currently manages all qualitative research projects for IIACSS.
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Survey in Iraq
The recent ArabTrans survey in the country was completed at the end of August 2014.
The sample size was 1750 men and women in rural and urban areas of Iraq.
Gender ratio of the respondents was 51.6% males to 48.4% females.
Error margin is estimated to be approximately ± 2-3 per cent at 95% confidence level.
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The ISIS crisis
The ArabTrans partner IIACSS have timely completed their survey work before ISIS have overrun most of the Northern Iraq and ahead of the current NATO-led aerial bombing campaign.
ArabTrans is now in exclusive possession of the reliable socio-political survey data from Northern and Central Iraq.
Since ISIS arrival data collection in the area is deemed too dangerous.
- Reach of ISIS
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The Iraq data:General questions
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The Iraq data – Most people are trustworthy
Yes No0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
24.2
69.6
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Very poor Poor Fair Good Very good0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
1.8
11.8
24.6
47.4
14.2
The Iraq data – State of health
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The Iraq data – Most closely identify yourself with:
Your country
of orig
in
Arab (Ethnicit
y)
Muslim (R
eligion)
Region
Loca
l community
, city
where I l
ive
Others0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.0 51.1
12.923.9
6.0 4.80.1
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The Iraq data – Voluntary membership in associations
charitable society professional / trade union
youth, cultural, sports
political party other civil society.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.012.5
8.5
5.43.7
1.9
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The Iraq data – Top 2 challenges for Iraq
internal st
ability &
secu
rity
economic s
ituation
corru
ption of politi
cians
extern
al interfe
rence
corru
ption of public
servants
authoritaria
nism
Palestinian sit
uationother
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.0 60.5
47.7
33.921.5 18.7
12.71.6 0.3
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The Iraq data – General situation in Iraq
5 years ago Now Future0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
19.1
27.9
18.0
33.836.4
16.4
35.1
26.618.3
9.87.2
15.3
0.7 0.95.4
Se-ries1Se-ries2Se-ries3
Very bad
2
3
4
Very Good
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The Iraq data – Household situation
5 years ago Now Future0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
5.311.2
6.1
25.826.3
14.9
48.1
35.9
23.9
16.522.2 18.8
2.33.5
10.5
Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5
Very bad
2
3
4
Very Good
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The Iraq data – Corruption in state institutions
Not at all To a small extent To a medium extent To a large extent0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.4
9.5
26.6
60.3
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The Iraq data – region/district security
5 years ago Now Future0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
7.2
15.4
7.8
24.4
22.2
12.9
34.5
24.5
14.0
21.3
26.5
22.9
11.010.6
17.4
Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5
Very bad
2
3
4
Very Good
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The Iraq data – country security
5 years ago Now Future0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
23.7
39.8
21.4
36.635.8
15.4
28.4
18.3
14.9
9.2 4.514.8
1.4 1.1 4.3
Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5
Very bad
2
3
4
Very Good
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The Iraq data – Perception of the country’s political system
5 years ago Now Future0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
20.8
35.0
19.3
34.2 36.3
16.4
33.7
20.319.0
7.8 6.613.9
1.0 0.63.8
Series1Series2Series3Series4Series5
Very bad
2
3
4
Very Good
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The Iraq data – Democracy is the best system
Strongly disagree
Disagree Agree Strongly agree
Don't know Refused to answer
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
2.59.0
63.7
18.7
5.30.9
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The Iraq data – Democracy is suitable for Iraq
v. unsuitable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 v. suitable0.02.04.06.08.0
10.012.014.016.018.020.0
1.4 1.6
4.8
6.9
9.5
18.8
15.614.6 15.0
5.63.8
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The Iraq data – Voted in the last election
Yes No Don't know Refused to answer0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0 74.5
19.2
0.26.1
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The Iraq data – Interest in politics
Not interested at all Somewhat interested Interested Very interested0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
14.2
36.2 37.7
10.3
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The Iraq data – Follow political news on Iraq
Never Sometimes/ rarely Often Very often0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
7.8
31.3
40.7
19.1
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The Iraq data – Would you take part in a political demonstration?
Yes No Don't know0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
23.5
45.9
21.5
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The Iraq data – First main reason for taking part in a demonstration
Political reasons Economic reasons Security reasons Educational reasons0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0 65.0
21.0
13.4
0.2
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The Iraq data – Second main reason for taking part in a demonstration
Economic reasons Political reasons Security reasons Educational reasons0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0 42.2
30.5
24.6
2.7
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The Iraq data – Political Action: Signing a petition
Have done Might do Would never do0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
14.1
29.0
46.4
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The Iraq data – Political Action: Joining boycotts
Have done Might do Would never do0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
4.4
21.8
64.7
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The Iraq data – Political Action: Attending demonstrations
Have done Might do Would never do0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
6.1
27.8
55.4
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The Iraq data – Political Action: Joining unofficial strikes
Have done Might do Would never do0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
1.19.4
77.9
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The Iraq data – Political Action: Occupying buildings or factories
Have done Might do Would never do.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
0.3 3.7
83.6
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The Iraq data – How democratic is Iraq?
Complete dictatorsh
ip 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Complete democracy
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
5.1
10.7 9.7 10.2 9.4
19.7
14.911.7
5.5
0.7 0.6
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The Iraq data – Citizens must support the government’s decisions even if they disagree with them
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
18.1
38.9
30.0
6.4
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The Iraq data – Political reform should be introduced little by little instead of all at once
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
9.2
16.4
52.6
15.7
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The Iraq data – Government’s Performance: Creating employment opportunities
This is not the government’s responsibility (Do not read)
Very bad Bad Good Very good0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
0.3
43.0 44.0
10.1
0.7
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The Iraq data – Government’s Performance: Narrowing the gap between rich and poor
This is not the government’s responsibility (Do not read)
Very bad Bad Good Very good0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
4.2
34.5
45.8
10.8
0.3
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The Iraq data – Government’s Performance: Controlling prices
This is not the government’s responsibility (Do not read)
Very bad Bad Good Very good0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
0.7
31.0
40.7
24.3
1.3
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The Iraq data – Government’s Performance: Provision of utilities (electricity, gas, etc.)
This is not the government’s responsibility (Do not read)
Very bad Bad Good Very good0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
0.8
21.7
32.9
40.3
2.8
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The Iraq data – Government’s Performance: Providing security in the country
This is not the government’s responsibility (Do not read)
Very bad Bad Good Very good0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
0.8
50.5
29.8
13.1
3.9
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: your life in general
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
9.3
32.5
52.8
4.5
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the way democracy is developing in Iraq
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
21.1
41.9
29.5
2.7
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the way the economy is developing in Iraq
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
26.7
38.3
29.0
2.1
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the educational system in Iraq
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
16.6
37.1 38.1
5.3
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the healthcare system in Iraq
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
20.9
38.6
31.4
5.7
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the way the government performs its duties in national office
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
31.3
41.3
19.2
2.2
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the way the local authorities are solving the region’s affairs
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
20.3
42.4
27.9
4.2
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The Iraq data – Satisfaction: the system of social security
Definitely dissatisfied Rather dissatisfied Quite satisfied Definitely satisfied0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
27.3
41.9
20.7
1.8
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The Iraq data – Is parliamentary system suitable for Iraq?
Not suitable at all Somewhat suitable Suitable Very suitable0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
5.8
10.9
36.6
42.0
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The Iraq data – Is a system with strong president where elections are not important suitable for Iraq?
Not suitable at all Somewhat suitable Suitable Very suitable0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.063.7
17.9
8.21.8
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The Iraq data – Is a system with strong military force in which elections are not important suitable for Iraq?
Not suitable at all Somewhat suitable Suitable Very suitable0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.068.7
10.06.6 4.2
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The Iraq data – Is a system governed by Islamic law where there is no elections or political parties suitable for Iraq?
Not suitable at all Somewhat suitable Suitable Very suitable0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0 65.9
10.65.1 4.1
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The Iraq data – Trust in government
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
34.638.2
21.9
3.4
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The Iraq data – Trust in the parliament
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.051.3
35.7
8.62.1
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The Iraq data – Trust in courts and legal system
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
18.6
39.3
31.8
6.9
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The Iraq data – Trust in the armed forces
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
14.316.5
32.6
26.5
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The Iraq data – Trust in police
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
57.3
28.3
8.21.6
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The Iraq data – Trust in political parties
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
11.7
48.6
28.2
7.4
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The Iraq data – Trust in media
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
16.5
34.0
27.9
7.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Trust in civil society
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
24.0
43.7
23.7
3.3
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The Iraq data – Trust in local government
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
13.7
22.6
31.7
26.3
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The Iraq data – Trust in religious leaders
No trust at all Not very much trust Quite a lot of trust A great deal of trust0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
18.2
24.2
35.5
19.4
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The Iraq data:International Relations
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The Iraq data – Influence of the United States on development of democracy in Iraq
Very negative
Somewhat negative
Neither p
ositive nor n
egative
Somewhat positi
ve
Very positive
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0 36.5
21.7
13.016.3
2.4
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The Iraq data – Influence of the European Union on development of democracy in Iraq
Very negative
Somewhat negative
Neither p
ositive nor n
egative
Somewhat positi
ve
Very positive
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
13.117.5
23.1 23.5
4.2
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The Iraq data – USA poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.069.5
21.4
4.6
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The Iraq data – Israel poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
100.089.0
3.1 3.4
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The Iraq data – Iran poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0 56.5
27.5
10.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – China poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
8.0
43.7
39.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Russia poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
15.0
38.536.2
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Turkey poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
45.3
32.2
14.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – EU poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
27.4
37.1
21.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Arab League poses factor of stability or instability to Iraq
Factor of instability Factor of stability Does not affect my country26.0
27.0
28.0
29.0
30.0
31.0
32.0
28.5
31.3
27.8
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – How should the EU help in Iraq?
Promoting eco
nomic development
Promoting democra
cy
Resolving th
e Arab-Israeli c
onflict
Promoting w
omen's rights
The EU should not g
et involved
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.030.3
25.4
7.52.6
18.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Knowledge about development / cooperation programs implemented by European institutions or countries
Yes No Don't know0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
12.6
76.6
8.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Rate of impact of development / cooperation programs implemented by European institutions or countries
There is no impact
Very negative Negative Positive Very positive Don't know0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
5.5.9 2.3
67.3
8.614.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Country you would like Iraq to have more relations with (top results)
UAE Turkey Iran Saudi Arabia China Japan USA0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0 13.2 12.9
11.3
5.6 5.1 5.0 4.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – European state you think your country should strengthen its relations in order to improve the current conditions (top results)
France Germany Great Britain Sweden Russia Italy Netherlands0.02.04.06.08.0
10.012.014.016.018.020.0
18.0
14.5
12.5
8.66.9 6.4
4.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Are you religious?
Religious Religious to some extent Not religious0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
43.548.0
2.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Democracy is a Western form of government that is not compatible with Islam
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
22.5
49.1
19.0
3.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Islam requires that in a Muslim country the political rights of non-Muslims should be less to those of Muslims
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
26.6
55.7
10.7
1.6
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Banks in Muslim countries must be forbidden from charging even modest interest on loans because this is forbidden by Islam
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
3.1
14.8
46.2
25.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – It is acceptable in Islam for male and female university students to attend classes together
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
3.5
19.4
56.1
15.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – If a Muslim converts to another religion, s/he must be punished by execution
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.029.7
31.8
18.2
5.6
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – In Islam a woman should dress modestly, but Islam does not require that she wear a hijab.
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
19.4
33.831.7
8.9
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – I prefer a religious party over a non-religious based political party
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
10.2
27.9
34.2
10.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The government and parliament should make laws according to the wishes of the people
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
3.4
18.8
49.5
23.2
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The government should implement only the laws derived from the sharia
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
4.9
32.5
40.7
13.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The government and parliament should make laws according to the wishes of the people in some spheres and implement sharia in others
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
2.9
12.6
49.5
27.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The government and parliament should make criminal law according to sharia
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
3.7
22.2
43.8
20.6
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The government and parliament should make personal status/family law according to sharia
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
1.6 3.8
49.7
40.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Degree of agreement: Religious clerics should not influence how people vote in elections
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
1.3
13.7
43.9
35.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Degree of agreement: Religious clerics should have influence over the decisions of government
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
6.1
31.836.6
16.6
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Degree of agreement: Religious practice should be separated from socio-economic life
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
5.8
15.8
42.6
23.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Name for the recent social, political events that happened in some Arab countries
Arab Spring
Arab uprising
Revolution
Democratic S
pring
Arab destructi
on
Civil war
Conspira
cy against
Arabs0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.0 30.8
15.110.6
3.7
15.1
4.2
11.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Did you support the Arab Revolution (Arab Spring)
Yes No0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
14.6
77.3
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Why people took to the streets during the Arab Spring?
to demand more politi
cal fr
eedom
to promote fo
reign interest
to oppose authoritaria
n leaders
to protest
against co
rruption
because of la
ck of b
asic se
rvices
beacuse of e
conomic p
roblems
other0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.0
25.014.6
23.5
50.043.5
29.0
2.2
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Which were the actors who sparked the Arab Spring?
Elite/st
ate insti
tutions in fight
Islamist
move
mentsNGOs
Spontaneous p
opular demonstr
.
Young activis
ts
Members
of the ci
vil so
ciety
Fore
ign actors
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.0
25.014.6
23.5
50.043.5
29.0
2.2
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Changes compared to 5 years ago
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
4.3 4.5
10.8
14.9
18.3
5.3
10.712.4
15.2
28.2
23.3
27.8
13.716.9
27.926.6
31.3
27.726.3 27.5
19.1
33.1 34.3
19.222.3
14.7
34.132.6
19.9
14.1
6.6 7.5 6.6
12.7 13.9
Much worse
Somewhat worse
Equal
Somewhat better
Much better
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Assessment of the EU programs in response to the Arab Spring
Positive Negative No effect I never heard of it0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
17.5
25.3
16.6
19.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – desired EU support
0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
28.8
37.3
19.1 19.1
6.2 7.0
32.1
14.512.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – A married woman can work outside the home if she wishes
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
2.7
11.8
56.1
28.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – A university education is more important for a boy than a girl
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
22.4
52.1
18.3
5.6
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – A woman can travel abroad by herself if she wishes
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
23.5
39.5
27.1
7.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Women should have equal inheritance rights.
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
14.6
31.9 33.9
14.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Women can assume judicial office
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
7.4
21.4
46.5
17.2
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The first wife’s consent is a prerequisite to allow the man to marry another woman.
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
7.3
23.3
46.7
17.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Women can refuse to marry someone chosen by her parents without their consent
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
2.2
14.5
44.6
33.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Men and women should have equal rights when making the decision to divorce.
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
7.0
22.7
48.0
13.9
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The law should not allow a man to marry more than one woman
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
20.6
41.2
21.1
10.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – In Islam woman can stipulate to divorce her husband in the marriage contract
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
7.0
17.4
49.4
13.4
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – A woman can be President or Prime Minister of a Muslim country
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
7.5
27.7
40.1
15.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – On the whole, men make better political leaders than women do
Strongly disagree Disagree Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
6.5
17.5
38.032.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data:Media & Internet
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Trust in the national media
More than you did in 2010 The same as you did in 2010 Less than you did in 20100.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
18.3
42.9
22.5
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – The media is free in your country
Not free at all Not very free Somewhat free Completely free0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
8.2
24.5
43.4
17.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Through the Internet: People can have more political power
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree, nor disagree
Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
1.45.7
25.6
35.0
11.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Through the Internet: People will have more say about what the government does
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree, nor disagree
Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
2.9
7.8
31.0 30.6
7.7
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Through the Internet: People can know more about what government does
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree, nor disagree
Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
2.35.4
23.3
35.3
13.3
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Through the Internet: Public officials will know more about what people have to say
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree, nor disagree
Agree Strongly agree0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
1.46.4
23.3
33.8
9.1
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Through the Internet: Politicians are trying to influence people
Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agree, nor disagree
Agree Strongly agree0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
2.3
8.2
24.5
27.7
7.9
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Frequency of Internet use
I do not use the Internet
Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily I am online almost all day
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
48.9
2.5 3.0
10.6
26.0
9.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Frequency of online newspapers use
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
39.0
18.8
10.614.0
9.8
4.0
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
The Iraq data – Social media use frequency
Twitter YouTube Social networking sites such as Facebook
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.043.8
7.9 6.4
11.1
5.97.4
19.4
26.3
19.2
7.2
14.8
6.810.9
29.932.7
6.2
14.8
27.2
never< once a weekonce a weekseveral times a weekdailyI am logged in all day
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
3.57.3 7.3
22.4
39.6
18.5
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For connecting with family and friends
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
18.316.3 15.3
23.9
18.7
6.0
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For meeting new people
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
11.37.7
14.4
31.9
26.4
7.6
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: To hear about social and cultural events
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
16.7
12.8
16.6
22.424.3
6.0
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: To hear about gossip
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
20.2
13.1
18.2
20.621.6
4.3
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For getting information about general politics and political events
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0 32.2
18.7
14.216.8
11.9
4.1
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For commenting on political issues
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.0
67.7
11.57.0 5.9 3.4
0.6
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For taking part in political events such as demonstrations
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.0 73.2
8.3 4.7 4.9 1.70.1
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: For organizing political activities
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
34.0
8.8 8.8
14.9 16.3
8.3
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: When you are bored
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Never Less than once a week
Once a week Several times a week
Daily Multiple times a day
0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.0
34.0
8.8 8.8
14.9 16.3
8.3
The Iraq data – Using social media tools: When you are bored
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
100.0
0.5
92.2
6.4 0.6
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Basic foods (bread, sugar, milk)
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.5
63.9
31.5
3.4
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Clothes, shoes
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.3
63.3
28.9
6.5
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Electricity
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.0
0.3
74.4
20.7
3.4
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Water indoors
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
21.4
41.1
33.0
2.5
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Fuel for cars
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
0.7
54.9
39.6
3.1
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Medical care
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.7
60.5
33.4
2.9
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Medicine
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
4.5
29.2
51.2
11.6
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Home repair
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.0
1.9
46.9 44.8
3.1
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Credit for the mobile phone
www.arabtrans.eu | Facebook.com/ArabTrans | Twitter.com/arabtrans_fp7
Do not use it Never Sometimes Constantly0.05.0
10.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.0
16.9 17.6
38.3
22.1
The Iraq data – Need for (last year): Entertainment (café, restaurants, theatres, cinemas etc.)