transesterification process
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 1/62
PERFORMANCE OFDIESEL ENGINE
FUELED BY BIODIESEL
CONTAININGDIFFERENTCONCENTRATIONS OF
Jatropha curcas OIL
![Page 2: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 2/62
Leaves
![Page 3: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 3/62
Flowers
![Page 4: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 4/62
Fruits
![Page 5: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 5/62
Seeds
![Page 6: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 6/62
The process of taking a
triglyceride molecule or a
complex fatty acid, neutralizing
the free fatty acids, removing
the glycerin, and creating analcohol ester (Biodiesel).
![Page 7: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 7/62
Biodiesel production process:
Instruments: Materials:
-Hot Plate - 70ml Methanol (CH3OH)
-Stirring Rod - 1.75g Potassium Hydroxide(KOH)
-Thermometer - 350ml Jatropha curcas crude oil
- 2 beaker (500ml)
- 1 beaker (1000ml)
- 500ml separatory funnel
![Page 8: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 8/62
Amount of methanol and potassium
hydroxide to be used:
1 Liter of Jatropha crude oil =
200ml of methanol (CH3OH) =
5grams of potassium hydroxide
(KOH).
![Page 9: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 9/62
By ratio and proportion:
1000ml Jat. Oil = 200ml CH3OH X= 70ml of CH3OH350ml X
1000ml Jat. Oil = 5grams KOH Y= 1.75g of KOH
350ml Y
![Page 10: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 10/62
![Page 11: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 11/62
Filtering :
Filter the oil to remove solid particlesusing filter paper. You may have to warm it
up a bit first to get it to run freely, 35o
Cshould be enough.
![Page 12: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 12/62
Removing the water:
Heat the oil first to remove any water content. Waste oil willprobably contain water, which can
slow down the reaction and causesaponification (soap formation).The less water in the oil the better.Raise the temperature to 100oC,hold it for 10 minutes. Remove heatand allow to cool.
![Page 13: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 13/62
![Page 14: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 14/62
![Page 15: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 15/62
![Page 16: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 16/62
Preparing potassium methoxide:
The 70ml methanol is mixed into asolution with the KOH and stir for
20mins, creating potassium methoxidein an exothermic reaction (it gets warmfrom bonds forming). Keep all utensils
the KOH comes in contact with as dry as possible.
![Page 17: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 17/62
CAUTION : Treat potassium methoxide with extreme caution! Do not inhale any vapors! If any potassium methoxide getssplashed on your skin, it will burn you without your feeling it (killing the
nerves). Wash immediately with lots of water. Potassium methoxide is also very corrosive to paints. KOH reacts withaluminum, tin and zinc. Use glass,enamel or stainless steel containers,stainless steel are best.
![Page 18: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 18/62
![Page 19: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 19/62
![Page 20: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 20/62
![Page 21: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 21/62
![Page 22: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 22/62
![Page 23: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 23/62
![Page 24: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 24/62
Heating and Mixing:
Pre-heat Jatropha crudeoil at 60oC. Add thepotassium methoxide to the
oil while stirring; stir themixture for 30 minutes to anhour. The transesterification
process separates the methylesters from the glycerine.
![Page 25: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 25/62
![Page 26: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 26/62
![Page 27: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 27/62
![Page 28: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 28/62
![Page 29: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 29/62
![Page 30: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 30/62
![Page 31: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 31/62
![Page 32: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 32/62
S li d i
![Page 33: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 33/62
Settling and separation:
Allow the solution to settle andcool for at least eight hours, preferably longer. The methyl esters (biodiesel) will be floating on top while the
denser glycerine will have congealedon the bottom of the containerforming a hard gelatinous mass. The
semi-liquid glycerine has a dark browncolor and the biodiesel is honey-colored.
![Page 34: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 34/62
![Page 35: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 35/62
![Page 36: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 36/62
![Page 37: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 37/62
![Page 38: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 38/62
When not enough KOH is used thereaction does not go far enough so some
unreacted oil will be mixed with thebiodiesel and glycerine. This will formthree levels with biodiesel on top above
unreacted oil with glycerine on thebottom. If there is too much water in theoil it will form soaps and settle rightabove the glycerine forming a fourth level
in the container.
![Page 39: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 39/62
Bi di l
![Page 40: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 40/62
Biodiesel recovery
By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully
computed and analyzed. On January 21, 2010,24hrs after the transesterification conducted,the biodiesel recovery was 100ml out of 350ml and it shows 26% biodiesel recovery.
1 week after, January 28, 2010, another 100ml of biodiesel were recovered and it shows 57%biodiesel recovery. After 1 month, thehighest recovery of biodiesel recovered was230ml out of 350ml and the result is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.
![Page 41: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 41/62
![Page 42: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 42/62
![Page 43: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 43/62
![Page 44: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 44/62
Bi di l
![Page 45: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 45/62
Biodiesel recovery
By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully
computed and analyzed. On January 21,2010, 24hrs after the transesterificationconducted, the biodiesel recovery was 100mlout of 350ml and it shows 26% biodieselrecovery. 1week after, January 28, 2010,another 100ml of biodiesel were recoveredand it shows 57% biodiesel recovery. After 1month, the highest recovery of biodieselrecovered was 230ml out of 350ml and theresult is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.
![Page 46: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 46/62
. Selected Diesel Engine
![Page 47: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 47/62
Diesel
![Page 48: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 48/62
95% Diesel + 5% Biodiesel
![Page 49: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 49/62
90% Diesel + 10% Biodiesel
![Page 50: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 50/62
![Page 51: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 51/62
![Page 52: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 52/62
Mixing of Biodiesel and Pure diesel
![Page 53: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 53/62
5% biodiesel + Pure diesel
![Page 54: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 54/62
![Page 55: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 55/62
Fuelling the tank
![Page 56: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 56/62
Draining the Fuel Tank
![Page 57: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 57/62
Exhaust Quality
![Page 58: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 58/62
10% Biodiesel, Drained 5% Biodiesel & Pure Diesel
![Page 59: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 59/62
Drained pure Diesel, 5% Biodiesel and Unused pure diesel
![Page 60: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 60/62
Drained 20% Biodiesel
![Page 61: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 61/62
Drained 40% Biodiesel
![Page 62: Transesterification Process](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022021218/577ce7841a28abf103955651/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
7/31/2019 Transesterification Process
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/transesterification-process 62/62