Transcription

Definitely not Transformation, Transduction or Translocation!

What is a Gene?

• One Gene – One Enzyme • One Gene – One Polypeptide • One Gene – One RNA transcript

• A GENE IS A SEGMENT OF DNA THAT CODES FOR - - - - - - - - AN RNA TRANSCRIPT!!!!

NOPE !NOPE !

YES !

Gene

rRNA Component of Ribosome

tRNACarries amino

acids to Ribosome

mRNA Codes for Polypeptide

snRNAHelps to splice

primary transcripts

Which of the following will get translated?

A only B only

C only

D only A &

B B & C

C & D

A, B, &

C

A, B, C

, & D

0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%

A. rRNAB. tRNAC. mRNAD. snRNA

1. A only2. B only 3. C only4. D only5. A & B6. B & C7. C & D8. A, B, & C9. A, B, C, & D1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Which of the following are directly involved with translation?

A only B only

C only

D only A &

B B & C

C & D

A, B, &

C

A, B, C

, & D

0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%

A. rRNAB. tRNAC. mRNAD. snRNA1. A only

2. B only 3. C only4. D only5. A & B6. B & C7. C & D8. A, B, & C9. A, B, C, & D1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

What best represents rRNA?

Red Blue

Green

Brown

0% 0%0%0%

1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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What best represents tRNA?

Red Blue

Green

Brown

0% 0%0%0%

1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

What best represents snRNA?

Red Blue

Green

Brown

0% 0%0%0%

1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Life is just an RNA SAMWICHH!

Hey Check out this basic transcription animation!

• http://www-class.unl.edu/biochem/gp2/m_biology/animation/gene/gene_a2.htm

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What did the idiot scribe represent?

RNA primase

RNA polymerase

DNA polymerase

Reverse

transc.

..

Helicase

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. RNA primase2. RNA polymerase3. DNA polymerase4. Reverse transcriptase5. Helicase

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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What is/are the substrate (s) for RNA polymerase?

ATP, GTP, U

TP, CTP

ATP only

dATP, dGTP, d

CTP, dTTP

ATP, GTP, C

TP, TTP

Amino acids

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP2. ATP only3. dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP4. ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP5. Amino acids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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How many RNA polymerases are there?

• THREE• RNA Polymerase I

– Transcribes nucleolar genes into rRNA• RNA Polymerase II

– Transcribes genes into mRNA (which eventually turns into a polypeptide)

• RNA Polymerase III– Transcribes genes into tRNA and snRNA

How does an RNA Polymerase “FIND” a gene to transcribe?

•TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FIND A TATA BOX ON THE PROMOTER REGION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

3’ GGGCCCACGGAGCACAAAAA TTTTT ATATTTTT ATAGGGCCCGAGGTGTACGTCGAGCCC TTTACCATT GCGGGGAACACATTC TTATTTCCC GCGGACCC ACATCA TCAGGGG 5’ 5’ CCCGGGTGCCTCGTGTTTTTTAAAAATATAAAAATATCCCGGG CTC CACATGCAGCTCGGGAAATGGTAACGCCCC TTGTGTAAGAATAAAGGGCGCCTGGGTGTAGTAGTCCCC 3’

3’ TACGTCGAGCCC TTTACCATT GCGGGGAACACATTC TTATTTCCC GCGGACCC ACATCA TCAGGGG 5’

Blow UP!

Check Out the Process in a MovEEE

• http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/transcription/index.htm

What did Sir Spliceolot accomplish?

1. Cut out different DNA sections called introns.

2. Cut out different RNA sections called exons.

3. Cut out different RNA sections called introns.

4. Cut out different DNA sections called exons.

Why are introns called introns?

They are INTERVENING noncoding sequences found within a gene!

Why are exons called exons?

They are coding sections of a gene that get EXPRESSED as a component of a protein!

What really splices out the introns?

Cutterase

Dicerase

Splice

osome

snRNPase

Slice

ase

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cutterase2. Dicerase3. Spliceosome4. snRNPase5. Slicease

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What really is a SPLICEOSOME?

snRNA

small proteinBIG PROTEIN

snRNPSPLICEOSOME