Transactive Energy Communications to Consumers GWAC Transactive Energy Workshop March 28-29, 2012 IBM Watson Labs

Agenda • Presentation Objectives • Introduction • Background • Utility Communications with Consumers • Conclusions/Recommendations • Transactive Control • Individual Subproject Web Comm

Sep 22, 2011 PNWSGD FTF Interoperability Input & Output Standards 2

Objectives

• Analyze current PNW Demo Project transactive energy communications with consumers

• Tentative conclusions based on experience • Recommendations for transactive energy

approach to consumer communications

Introduction • A key objective of developing and implementing a transactive

energy system is to enable much more active engagement by consumers and commercial customers in the management of electricity consumption and reliability. – Consumers have been insulated from the reality of electric system

operation for generations and view low-cost, reliable power as a given. They have little if any understanding of the varying costs of delivering electric power in a day.

• Only about 50% of consumers in the US are even familiar with the terms smart grid and smart meters and a good percent of those have little understanding of their meanings. – Nor do they have tools for monitoring or managing their own

demands on the system. • When it comes to implementing a transactive energy system that

enables much more sophisticated interaction with the grid, consumers are wholly unprepared.

Background

• The PNW Regional Demonstration Project has 11 utilities, each with their own approach to engaging consumers on a form of transactive energy (transactive control).

• This paper will summarize the different approaches and the early indications of lessons learned in these consumer engagements.

Background: Technology Partners

• Transactive Control = PNW Regional Demo Project instantiation of Transactive Energy

• First attempt to build a Trans Energy system • Technology partners

– BPA, funding and primary customer – Battelle, Project Management – IBM Research, technology architecture – Alstom Grid, regional energy system data and simulation – Netezza, data management – 3Tier, renewable forecasts – QualityLogic, test and certification

Background: Utilities

• 11 utilities in 5 NW states – Size: from <5000 customers to >800,000 – 3 IOUs; 4 Munis; 3 Coops; 1 PUD

• Individual smart grid projects + transactive control signals – Projects including

• Direct Load Control • AMI/Smart Meters • Microgrid • Renewables integration • Volt/VAR Control • And more

Background: Utility Project Members

Utility Member Location Type Customers Customers In Project

Avista Eastern WA IOU 359,000 10,000

Benton PUD SE WA PUD 47,000 2,000

City of Ellensburg WA Muni 9,200 7,600

Flathead Electric MT Coop 48,000 450

Idaho Falls ID Muni 26,000 2,300

Lower Valley WY Coop 26,400 18,600

Milton-Freewater NE OR Muni 4,550 700

Northwestern MT IOU 340,000 100

Penlight NW WA Coop 31,000 1,700

PGE OR IOU 820,000 500

UW/Seattle WA Muni 408,000 216 Bldgs

Background: Transactive Signals

Transactive Signal Interfaces between Participants

Transactive Incentive Signal (TIS)

Transactive Feedback Signal (TFS)

Describing Transactive Control

• At the highest level… – “…unique distributed communication, control and incentive

system…, designed to bring the electric transmission system into the information age. A new combination of devices, software, and advanced analytical tools will give homeowners more information about their energy use and cost. Data will be collected to provide insights into energy consumers' behavior while testing new technologies.”

Describing Transactive Control

• “Transactive control – a smart grid technique using an incentive and feedback signal that helps coordinate smart grid resources – is the glue that binds the Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration Project. This technological innovation can help optimize use of the grid and power resources, providing benefit to the region as a whole, utilities and end users alike…

• The transactive control signal represents the monetary value of power in terms of dollars-per-megawatt-hour, at a given point in time and specific location…The signal moves through the system, incentivizing the use and movement of power. It’s a forward-looking signal, meaning that it forecasts days ahead and is updated every five minutes. “

UTILITY COMMUNICATIONS WITH CONSUMERS

Consumer-facing Information

• Ease of finding information on the Regional Project (or utility specific project)

• Link to Regional Project web page • Mention of Transactive Control or Energy • Project benefit messaging • Definitions of Smart Grid

Key Results Utility Member Ease of finding

Utility Project Info Link to PNW Project Site

Mention Trans Control

Avista Difficult No No

Benton PUD Difficult No No

City of Ellensburg Not mentioned No No

Flathead Electric Easy No No

Idaho Falls Easy Yes No

Lower Valley Easy ?? ??

Milton-Freewater SG Search Yes No

Northwestern SG Search Yes No

Penlight Easy No No

PGE Difficult No No

UW/Seattle Difficult Yes No

Key Benefit Messages

• Outage detection, faster repair, improved reliability (4)

• Lower individual customer bills (4) • Reduce peak demand (4) • Granular consumer energy use information –

voluntary reductions (3) • Voluntary mentions or implied (3) • Rebates and incentives (3)

Definition of Smart Grid Utility Member Defined Smart

Grid

Avista Yes

Benton PUD Yes

City of Ellensburg No

Flathead Electric No

Idaho Falls No*

Lower Valley ??

Milton-Freewater Yes

Northwestern Yes

Penlight No

PGE No

UW/Seattle No

* Not specifically defined but a great deal of information in Q&A and separate pages

• Only 4 defined Smart Grid • Key messages

• Includes whole power system • Efficiency, effectiveness • Cost containment • Emissions reduction • Greater reliability • Consumer choice • Modernize one-way grid • Two-way communications • Multi-directional power flows • Real-time monitoring and

adjustments

CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS

Observations • Utilities very reluctant to address transactive control (by

name) – Lack of understanding or no value seen in communicating? – However, other messages address consumer engagement and two-

way communication • Reluctance to address “smart grid” itself • Responses across utility type/size • Stated benefits mostly about specific value to consumers:

improved reliability; lower bills, etc • Terminology may communicate in wholesale and

wholesale-retail utility communities • Need a better way to communicate the paradigm shift

transactive energy implements!!

Example: Idaho Falls Power

• Doesn’t use term transactive control but describes benefits – “The project is aimed at establishing a more effective and efficient

electricity infrastructure to help contain costs, cut emissions, boost the reliability of the power grid, provide more flexibility for consumers and incorporate more renewable energy resources such as wind and solar.”

• Starts with basics – need for a change – “The nation's electric grid dates to the late 19th century…consists of

more than 300,000 miles of transmission lines, approximately 9,200 electric generating units and over a million megawatts of generating capacity…a patchwork…aging equipment that's being stretched to capacity …the energy industry needs a grid that can handle that need along with the increasingly complex nature of providing electricity in the 21st century.”

Example: Idaho Falls Power • Focuses on benefits consumers can relate to

– “…better prepared for emergencies…lessening the chance for outages and shortening those that occur...In-home displays and web portals will make for more informed energy users…lead to lower electric bills…array of options for managing their energy use…eventually be able to adjust their home thermostat from their smart phone before leaving work…”

• And community spirit – “…volunteers will not only receive free equipment to help make them wiser energy

consumers, they'll also play a role in establishing a more reliable, secure and efficient grid - a smart grid.”

• With lots of supporting information – Demonstration Project – FAQ – Smart Grid Equipment – Smart Grid Security – Smart Grid and Your Health – And more

What is “Transactive”? • Wordnik “Of or pertaining to exchanging or trading” • Wikepedia: “The page "Transactive" does not exist. You can ask for it to be

created…” • Wikepedia: “Transactive memory is a psychological hypothesis first ...

theories of "group mind" such as groupthink…” • Wikepedia: “In communications , transactive communication occurs when

sources transmit message s to one another simultaneously and send back…”

• “A consumer-oriented transactive model maintains balance through decentralized coordination instead of imposed, hierarchical control -- i.e., consumers should interact with utilities in the same way that utilities interact with one another.” Forbes.com, The Smart Grid's Struggle, 08.13.10 (http://www.forbes.com/2010/08/12/smart-grid-utilities-infrastructure-business-energy-oxford-analytica.html?feed=rss_business)

Conclusions

• Technical terms like “Transactive Energy” and “Transactive control” unwieldy in consumer communications – Doesn’t really communicate anything consumers relate to

• Attributes/benefits of transactive energy for consumers can be used to communicate – Real-time or near real-time cost/price information – “Smart” devices/systems that react based on consumer preferences – Lower rates or incentives for demand management

• Who are consumers for this purpose? Residential? Small business? Policy makers? Regulators? Other?

Recommendations

• Transactive energy terminology useful at technical and industry level

• Look at how utilities are communicating smart grid to consumers for guidance

• Describe “transactive energy” in terms of problems being addressed and benefits rather than the technical solution

• Develop “guide” to communicating “transactive energy” to consumers

• Find a better term for “transactive energy”!

Recommendations: Communication Outline

• Start with electricity system basics – Balance of supply/demand – Historic mission of the system: low-cost, reliable power based

on scaling of generation/transmission – Historic central control of a few generation and transmission

assets • Today’s challenges

– Renewables, siting difficulties, GHG emmission reductions, peakier demand, etc

• Meeting the challenge with – New paradigm of distributed control – Intelligent (smart) consuming devices – Engaging consumers in management of demand

Recommendations: Communication Outline

• The Critical Elements: or timely information and forecasts – Communicated between utilities and consumers – Costs to deliver power at a location and a time – Responses of demand to forecast cost signals

Recommendations

• What to call “Transactive Energy” – Perhaps “Smart Grid” – Or ‘New Electricity” – “Distributed electric system” – “Smart Electric Grid”

SUPPORTING SLIDES

Benefit Messages – Consumer energy use information – Advanced “Smart Meters” to detect outages – Reduce outage times – Improved reliability of service (YouTube video about smart grid and outages) – “…accelerate the process for Benton PUD to develop Smart Grid concepts for

the benefit of our customers,” said Rick Dunn, Benton PUD Director of Engineering.

– BPA significant increase in “peak” power prices – Project will lower individual and coop electric costs: reduce peak power

demands – “… free in-home equipment, rebates and incentives to help the Co-op

determine the most cost-effective way to reduce peak time demand power supply costs.”

– “Our hope is that if people can actually see and understand their power consumption in close to "real-time", they will find it advantageous to make adjustments to how and when they use electricity"

Benefit Messages (2) – “…test technology that will allow the utility to shed electric load during times of

heavy electric use.” – “Volunteers will play a crucial role in helping to determine the best and most

effective options…” – “Customers should notice immediate benefits in the form of lower bills.” – “Studies have shown that customers who are more aware of their energy usage

consume less energy.” – Participating in Regional Demonstration Project – “…no charge to the customer. You will receive a discount on your power bill for

participating”. – “…reduce costs and help our members avoid paying higher rates” – Won’t affect hot water supply – Earn $5/month for participating – 1) determine when solar panels could be dispatched to feed power to the grid; – 2) employ smart meters for consumption monitoring; – 3) make use of two-way communication to avoid short-term power disruptions;

Smart Grid Defined • We envision the smart grid to be a more efficient and effective electricity infrastructure that

can help contain costs, reduce emissions, incorporate more wind power and other types of renewable energy, increase power grid reliability and provide greater flexibility for consumers. Over the long-term, it could modernize our traditional, one-way power delivery system to an automated, two-way exchange of information and multi-directional power flow.

• “Smart grid technology includes everything from interactive appliances in homes to substation automation and sensors on transmission lines. It is a system that uses various technologies to improve power delivery and use through intelligent, two-way communication. Generators of electricity, suppliers and users are all part of the equation. With increased communication and information, smart grid technology enables real time monitoring of electric energy use, exchange of data about supply and demand and adjustments of power use to changing load requirements.”

• Not specifically defined but a great deal of information in Q&A and separate pages

Smart Grid Defined – SMART GRID is a system that uses digital technology to enhance power delivery and use

through intelligent two-way communication. Power generators, suppliers and users are all part of the solution. With increased communication and information, Smart Grid can monitor activities in real time, exchange data about supply and demand and adjust power use to changing load requirements. Smart Grid technology includes everything from smart meters and appliances in homes to substation upgrades and sensors on transmission lines. Consumers, utilities and the environment will benefit from Smart Grid technology.

– Smart Grid is an advanced, telecommunication/electric grid with sensors and smart devices linking all aspects of the current grid, from generator to consumer, and delivering enhanced operational capabilities that:

• Provide CONSUMERS with the information and tools necessary to be responsive to electricity grid conditions, including price and reliability, through the use of electric devices and new services.

• Ensure EFFICIENT use of the electric grid optimizing current assets while integrating emerging technologies such as renewable and storage devices.

• Enhance RELIABILITY by protecting the grid from cyber attacks and other disruptions and also by increasing power quality and promoting early detection and self correcting of the grid.

Avista

• From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or – Not intuitive or easy to navigate to: must be looking for it – http://www.avistautilities.com/inside/resources/smartgrid/pullman/Pages/default.aspx

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – “Avista has joined with regional utilities, led by Battelle NW, to demonstrate smart grid

technologies using matching stimulus monies from the U.S. Department of Energy”. This is called the Pullman Smart Grid Project

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – Consumer energy use information – Advanced “Smart Meters” to detect outages – Reduce outage times – Improved reliability of service (YouTube video about smart grid and outages)

Avista

• Other Messages – Smart Grid is Advanced Meter Infrastructure – Regional project enables better renewables integration (“…sudden changes in

supply…”) – Reduce waste – Remote connect/disconnect – benefits utility – Environmental benefits – reduce emissions – Q&A addresses privacy, security and electromagnetic emissions

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – We envision the smart grid to be a more efficient and effective electricity infrastructure that

can help contain costs, reduce emissions, incorporate more wind power and other types of renewable energy, increase power grid reliability and provide greater flexibility for consumers. Over the long-term, it could modernize our traditional, one-way power delivery system to an automated, two-way exchange of information and multi-directional power flow.

Benton PUD

• From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or – http://www.bentonpud.org/doe_selects_nw_and_benton_pud_for_178_million_s

mart_grid_demonstration_proj/ – Not discoverable without the above link – no easy navigation from Benton PUD

web site

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – None identified in press release

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – “…accelerate the process for Benton PUD to develop Smart Grid concepts for the

benefit of our customers,” said Rick Dunn, Benton PUD Director of Engineering.”

Benton PUD

• Other Messages – None

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – “Smart grid technology includes everything from interactive appliances in

homes to substation automation and sensors on transmission lines. It is a system that uses various technologies to improve power delivery and use through intelligent, two-way communication. Generators of electricity, suppliers and users are all part of the equation. With increased communication and information, smart grid technology enables real time monitoring of electric energy use, exchange of data about supply and demand and adjustments of power use to changing load requirements.”

City of Ellensburg • From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– No mention of Project or Smart Grid

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – No mention of Project or Smart Grid

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – No mention of Project or Smart Grid

• Other Messages – None

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – No mention of Project or Smart Grid

Flathead Electric • From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– http://www.flatheadelectric.com/energy/peak/ – Easy link from Home page to Peak Time project

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – Peak Time peak reduction project. “…voluntary demand response project.”

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – BPA significant increase in “peak” power prices – Project will lower individual and coop electric costs – Reduce peak power demands – “… free in-home equipment, rebates and incentives to help the Co-op determine the most cost-

effective way to reduce peak time demand power supply costs.” – “Our hope is that if people can actually see and understand their power consumption in close

to "real-time", they will find it advantageous to make adjustments to how and when they use electricity"

Flathead Electric

• Other Messages – “We'll explain what will happen at times of peak electricity demand, and how you can help

your cooperative to assure there's enough affordable electricity for all of us in the future… Participation in the project is voluntary...Those who elect to participate in options 1 or 2 below will receive a $5 or $8 monthly bill credit, respectively”

– “Free In-Home Display (a $200 value) that will display real time information about your energy consumption and notify you of Peak Time Periods”

– “Free Electric Water Heater Demand Response Unit” – “…one-time out of pocket cost of $800 the member will receive one dishwasher, one clothes

washer, one clothes dryer, one Home Energy Gateway System, three Communications Modules, (one for each appliance), and one GE Water Heater Switch.”

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – Not defined

• Peak Time will be focused on a voluntary demand response project. The program is designed to have no negative rate impact and should allow FEC to get matching federal grant dollars for needed long-term capital investments in that area. Flathead Electric is enthused about launching this project and anticipates that equipment such as in-home displays and water heater demand response units could be available for interested members as early as April of 2011, with smart appliances and home area network equipment available in late summer. The Co-op will be looking for 300 volunteers in Libby and 150 in the Marion area. Participants may be eligible for free in-home equipment, rebates and incentives to help the Co-op determine the most cost-effective way to reduce peak time demand power supply costs.

• This is especially crucial as the BPA, Flathead Electric's major power supplier, significantly increases the peak time demand charge post-2011. FEC will continue to receive the bulk of its power at the lower cost (Tier 1) rates it has enjoyed for years from the BPA hydro-system. However, starting in late 2011, the amount of Tier 1 power will be capped by BPA and any power purchased above the fixed amount will come at a much higher cost.

• "Our hope is that if people can actually see and understand their power consumption in close to "real-time", they will find it advantageous to make adjustments to how and when they use electricity", according to Regulatory Analyst Russ Schneider, who shaped the project. "This is different from conventional energy conservation because while participants may not actually use less energy in total, they may choose to use it at times of lower cost to the Co-op. That has the potential to ultimately reduce power supply expenditures for members and the Co-op as a whole."

Idaho Falls

• From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or – http://www.idahofallsidaho.gov/city/city-departments/idaho-falls-power/smart-grid-main.html – Direct link from Idaho Falls Power Home page

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – Yes

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – “…briefly power down the home's electric water heater during peak usage periods.” – “…programmable thermostats that will allow IFP to briefly adjust the heating or air conditioning

thermostat setting during peak usage periods.”

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – “…test technology that will allow the utility to shed electric load during times of heavy electric use.” – “Volunteers will play a crucial role in helping to determine the best and most effective options…” – “Customers should notice immediate benefits in the form of lower bills.” – “Studies have shown that customers who are more aware of their energy usage consume less

energy.”

Idaho Falls

• Other Messages – Good general discussion of grid and need for the

Regional Demo Project

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – Not specifically defined but a great deal of

information in Q&A and separate pages

Lower Valley

• From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or – http://www.lvenergy.com/energy-efficiency/smart-grid (error 3/16) – Home page has prominent “Become a Smart Grid Volunteer” link but currently

error page comes up

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed

• Project benefit messages – top tier:

Lower Valley

• Other Messages

• Transactive control or energy

• What is Smart Grid?

Milton-Freewater • From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– http://www.mfcity.com/pacific-northwest-smart-grid-demonstration-project – Need to do a search on Smart Grid to find or from Electric Department direct link

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – Yes and Quarterly Newsletter

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – Automated meter Infrastructure – Direct Load Control/Demand Response – Conservation Voltage reduction – Grid Friendly Appliances

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – Participating in Regional Demonstration Project – Contact Mike Charlo for more information – “…no charge to the customer. You will receive a discount on your power bill for

participating”.

Milton-Freewater

• Other Messages – None

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – SMART GRID is a system that uses digital technology to enhance power

delivery and use through intelligent two-way communication. Power generators, suppliers and users are all part of the solution. With increased communication and information, Smart Grid can monitor activities in real time, exchange data about supply and demand and adjust power use to changing load requirements. Smart Grid technology includes everything from smart meters and appliances in homes to substation upgrades and sensors on transmission lines. Consumers, utilities and the environment will benefit from Smart Grid technology.

Milton-Freewater • Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) • Install all new two-way communication electric and water meters, which will

communicate through the existing power lines. • · Direct Load Control/Demand Response • Approximately 300 new volunteers will be needed for this new demand

response project. All existing one-way load control units currently installed in customer’s homes will be changed out to two-way communication units. All work will be done at no charge to the customer. You will receive a discount on your power bill for participating. For more information or to volunteer for the program CLICK on Link.

• · Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) • We will test Conservation Voltage Regulation to determine whether voltage

can cost-effectively be lowered a small percentage to identify a corresponding level of energy savings.

• · Grid Friendly Appliances • A Grid Friendly Appliance program will be offered to customers to test smart

appliances, which can curtail parts of the appliance’s load during peak energy use times for the City. The City will be looking for volunteers soon.

Northwestern Energy • From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– http://www.northwesternenergy.com/display.aspx?Page=Smart_Grid&Item=429 – Requires search from of web site to find

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – Yes

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – “…piloting conservation voltage reduction (CVR), volt/VAR optimization, and distribution

automation.” – “…Home Area Networks and interval metering, which will give them the tools and know-how

to be smarter energy consumers. NorthWestern Energy will monitor and measure customer acceptance and energy use behavioral changes.”

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – Building a more efficient way to move electricity takes careful planning and strategy. Every

moment the entire grid must be changed to balance energy supply with the demand for electricity.

– We’re using innovative technologies to find ways we can enhance the safety, reliability and efficiency of our system.

Northwestern Energy • Other Messages

– None • Transactive control or energy

– No mention • What is Smart Grid?

– Smart Grid is an advanced, telecommunication/electric grid with sensors and smart devices linking all aspects of the current grid, from generator to consumer, and delivering enhanced operational capabilities that:

• Provide CONSUMERS with the information and tools necessary to be responsive to electricity grid conditions, including price and reliability, through the use of electric devices and new services.

• Ensure EFFICIENT use of the electric grid optimizing current assets while integrating emerging technologies such as renewable and storage devices.

• Enhance RELIABILITY by protecting the grid from cyber attacks and other disruptions and also by increasing power quality and promoting early detection and self correcting of the grid.

PenLight

• From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or – Direct link to “Power Sharing”, PenLight’s primary demo project – http://www.penlight.org/conservation/powerSharing.aspx

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – “…One aspect of DOE grant…”“install load controllers on electric water heaters

in Fox Island homes to shift usage to times of lower demand.”

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – “…reduce costs and help our members avoid paying higher rates” – Won’t affect hot water supply – Earn $5/month for participating

PenLight

• Other Messages – None

• Transactive control or energy – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – Not defined

PGE • From Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– Search shows Salem Demo Project but no actual text in linked page – IRP at

http://www.portlandgeneral.com/our_company/news_issues/current_issues/energy_strategy/docs/irp_nov2011.pdf discusses Salem Project

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – No

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – Salem Water Heat Direct Load Control (pg 40)

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – No discussion

• Other Messages – No discussion

• Transactive control or energy – In IRP Pg 40 “PGE will dispatch the water heater control via a radio signal triggered by a transactive control

price signal from the Smart Grid project”

• What is Smart Grid? – Not defined

UW/Seattle City Light • From UW Home Page, Search on Smart Grid or

– http://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns/march10/hub-grid.html – Article in Alumni Magazine – http://itconnect.washington.edu/itconnect/2011/07/smart-energy-devices-to-conserve-

energy-save-money-for-uw.html – Second location on UW IT site – link to PNW Project – Nothing at Seattle City Light

• Link to Regional Project Web Site – Yes

• Specific Smart Grid Projects listed – “… monitoring and control equipment in lab or classroom buildings and some dormitories,

allowing UW administrators to better understand how energy is used on campus and better manage their facilities and control energy costs.”

• Project benefit messages – top tier: – 1) determine when solar panels could be dispatched to feed power to the grid; – 2) employ smart meters for consumption monitoring; – 3) make use of two-way communication to avoid short-term power disruptions;

UW/Seattle City Light

• Top Tier Messages (contd) – 4) determine the best time to charge the school's electric vehicles; – 5) receive a signal from the utility to activate backup generation when, for

example, the wind isn't blowing; – 6) let some students monitor—and manage—their electricity consumption

• Other Messages – None

• Transactive control or energy – “…part of the $178 million Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration

Project, funded by the Department of Energy and managed by Battelle – No mention

• What is Smart Grid? – Not defined