tranport rev
TRANSCRIPT
A Revolution in transport
Before the Industrial Revolution, goods could only be transported either by road or sea
Because of the poor state of the roads, transport was slow – only light loads could be carried
The need to transport goods manufactured in factories encouraged people to find new and better types of transport
Canals, Tar McAdam, Railways, coaches and steam ships were all developed during the Industrial Revolution
The problem of carrying goods
Canals
Before Canals, one horse was only able to transport ½ a ton of material
Canals allowed a single horse to transport 60 tons of material
Canals
Steam Ships instead of sailing ships
Railways
Because of the heavy loads needed to be carried (coal from mines, raw material to factories, finished products from factories)
Solution was to have things run on steel rails which could take the weight – hence the “railway”
George Stephenson an early developer of Steam powered railways
Developed a new type of steam engine for a competition, called it Stephenson’s Rocket
Railways
Stephenson’s Rocket today
New developments – a camber, a curved road surface to help water run off the road
Roads
Tar McAdam – stone chippings held together by tar – made for a durable and waterproof surface
Roads
Turnpikes were basically “tolled roads” where the toll money was used to keep the road in good condition
“Turnpike” in Ennis was a road that was once tolled
Turnpikes
Telegraphs – communication by signals along electric wires (morse code) – signals were sent across the Atlantic in the 1860s
Penny Post – invention of postage stamps made letter writing easy
Changes in Communication
1840s Penny Stamp
Faster journeys Cost of carrying goods fell – goods became cheaper Use of watches and clocks grew (due to timetables) Faster spread of news Migration of people made easier (such as Irish to
America)
Effects of the Transport Revolution