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Fire Safety & Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher UseFire Extinguisher Use

IntroductionIntroduction Fire is one of the most common serious hazards that you Fire is one of the most common serious hazards that you

can face in a typical workplace. While proper procedures can face in a typical workplace. While proper procedures and training can minimize the chances of an accidental and training can minimize the chances of an accidental fire, you must still be prepared to deal with a fire fire, you must still be prepared to deal with a fire emergency should it occur. emergency should it occur.

This program will help teach you the basics about fire This program will help teach you the basics about fire extinguishers - proper types, how to use them, when and extinguishers - proper types, how to use them, when and when not to use them as well as the proper procedures when not to use them as well as the proper procedures to follow should a fire occur. It is to follow should a fire occur. It is notnot a comprehensive a comprehensive guide; rather a general study for most situations.guide; rather a general study for most situations.

For further guidance contact your supervisor or For further guidance contact your supervisor or Regulatory Compliance Coordinator.Regulatory Compliance Coordinator.

How Does a Fire Work?How Does a Fire Work?

Three componentsThree components Need all three Need all three

components to components to start a firestart a fire

Fire extinguishers Fire extinguishers remove one or remove one or more of the more of the componentscomponents

Types of FiresTypes of Fires

Class AClass A - Wood, paper, - Wood, paper, cloth, trashcloth, trash

Class BClass B - Flammable - Flammable liquids, oil, gas, greaseliquids, oil, gas, grease

Class CClass C - Electrical, - Electrical, energized electrical energized electrical equipmentequipment

Class DClass D - Combustible - Combustible metalsmetals

Different Kinds of ExtinguishersDifferent Kinds of ExtinguishersThe 4 most common fire extinguishers:The 4 most common fire extinguishers:

1.1. All Purpose WaterAll Purpose Water

a)a) Water fire extinguishersWater fire extinguishers are only suitable for Class A (solid are only suitable for Class A (solid burning) fires. Using water to cool and therefore extinguish the burning) fires. Using water to cool and therefore extinguish the fire is the simplest way to combat fires. fire is the simplest way to combat fires.

b)b) However, water is However, water is not safenot safe to use on any other class of fire. to use on any other class of fire.

2.2. Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

a)a) CO2 (carbon dioxide) extinguishersCO2 (carbon dioxide) extinguishers are for class B and C are for class B and C fires. They don't work very well on class A fires because the fires. They don't work very well on class A fires because the material usually reignites. CO2 extinguishers have an advantage material usually reignites. CO2 extinguishers have an advantage over dry chemical in that they leave behind no harmful residue. over dry chemical in that they leave behind no harmful residue. That makes them a good choice for an electrical fire involving a That makes them a good choice for an electrical fire involving a computers or other delicate instruments. computers or other delicate instruments.

b)b) Note that CO2 is a bad choice to use for flammable metal fires Note that CO2 is a bad choice to use for flammable metal fires because CO2 reacts with these materials. CO2 extinguishers are because CO2 reacts with these materials. CO2 extinguishers are not approvednot approved for class D fires! for class D fires!

Different Kinds of Extinguishers, Cont.Different Kinds of Extinguishers, Cont.3.3. Multi-Purpose Dry ChemicalMulti-Purpose Dry Chemical

a)a) Dry chemical extinguishersDry chemical extinguishers are useful for either class ABC or are useful for either class ABC or class BC fires (check the label) and are your best all around class BC fires (check the label) and are your best all around choice for common fire situations. They have an advantage over choice for common fire situations. They have an advantage over CO2 and "clean agent" extinguishers in that they leave a blanket CO2 and "clean agent" extinguishers in that they leave a blanket of non-flammable material on the extinguished material which of non-flammable material on the extinguished material which reduces the likelihood of reignition. They also make a terrible reduces the likelihood of reignition. They also make a terrible mess - but if the choice is a fire or a mess, take the mess! mess - but if the choice is a fire or a mess, take the mess!

b)b) Note that there are two kinds of dry chemical extinguishers: Note that there are two kinds of dry chemical extinguishers: – Type BCType BC fire extinguishers contain sodium or potassium fire extinguishers contain sodium or potassium

bicarbonate. bicarbonate. – Type ABCType ABC fire extinguishers contain ammonium phosphate. fire extinguishers contain ammonium phosphate.

4.4. Dry PowderDry Powdera)a) Metal/Sand ExtinguishersMetal/Sand Extinguishers are for flammable metals (class D are for flammable metals (class D

fires) and work by simply smothering the fire. The most common fires) and work by simply smothering the fire. The most common extinguishing agent in this class is sodium chloride, but there are extinguishing agent in this class is sodium chloride, but there are a variety of other options. a variety of other options.

b)b) You should only need a Class D unit if you are working with You should only need a Class D unit if you are working with flammable metals. flammable metals.

Each kind of extinguisher has a specific use!Each kind of extinguisher has a specific use!

All Purpose WaterAll Purpose Water

Use on CLASS A firesUse on CLASS A fires

Pressurized waterPressurized water

Pressure gauge Pressure gauge

presentpresent

Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

Use on CLASS B Use on CLASS B and CLASS C firesand CLASS C fires

Hard, plastic nozzleHard, plastic nozzle No pressure gaugeNo pressure gauge

Multi-Purpose Dry ChemicalMulti-Purpose Dry Chemical

Use on CLASS A, Use on CLASS A, CLASS B, and CLASS B, and CLASS C firesCLASS C fires

Fine powder under Fine powder under pressurepressure

Pressure gauge Pressure gauge presentpresent

P.A.S.S. MethodP.A.S.S. Method

PPullull the pinthe pin

This will allow you to This will allow you to squeeze the handle squeeze the handle in order to discharge in order to discharge

the extinguisherthe extinguisher

P.A.S.S. MethodP.A.S.S. Method

AAimim at the at the base of the base of the

firefire

Aiming at the middle Aiming at the middle will do no good. will do no good.

The agent will pass The agent will pass through the flames.through the flames.

P.A.S.S. MethodP.A.S.S. Method

SSqueezequeeze the the handlehandle

This will release the This will release the pressurized pressurized

extinguishing extinguishing agentagent

P.A.S.S. MethodP.A.S.S. Method

SSweepweep side to side to sideside

Cover the entire area Cover the entire area that is on fire. that is on fire. Continue until fire is Continue until fire is extinguished. Keep extinguished. Keep an eye on the area an eye on the area for re-lighting.for re-lighting.

P.A.S.S. METHODP.A.S.S. METHOD

When NOT to Fight a Fire!When NOT to Fight a Fire!

Remember to keep Remember to keep an exit to your backan exit to your back

Only fight a fire in Only fight a fire in the incipient stagethe incipient stage

Most Important SlideMost Important Slide

NEVERNEVER fight a fire if any of the following apply: fight a fire if any of the following apply:

• Don’t have the proper extinguisher or equipment

• Fire has spread beyond its point of origin

• Your instincts tell you GET OUT

Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures

In the Event of FireIn the Event of FirePull nearest alarm stationPull nearest alarm stationImmediately exit the buildingImmediately exit the building

If you hear an alarm If you hear an alarm

DO NOT DO NOT

assume it is a drill, assume it is a drill,

your life may depend on it!your life may depend on it!

Emergency ProceduresEmergency Procedures

Building EvacuationBuilding EvacuationProceed to nearest exit in an orderly Proceed to nearest exit in an orderly

fashionfashionAssemble at least 100 feet from buildingAssemble at least 100 feet from buildingProvide emergency crews with Provide emergency crews with

information about people still in the information about people still in the buildingbuilding

Provide information to emergency crews Provide information to emergency crews about the reason for evacuationabout the reason for evacuation

Never re-enter a building until instructed Never re-enter a building until instructed to by the police department, fire to by the police department, fire department, or EHS staff.department, or EHS staff.