training for trainers on the national information sharing ... training for trainers on the national...

Training for Trainers

on

The National Information Sharing Mechanism

Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA)

Information on Germplasm

Germplasm

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iii

Training for Trainers on

The National Information Sharing Mechanism – Global Plan of Action

(NISM-GPA)

PROJECT FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN

and

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

Bangkok, 2009

iv

This publication is printed by

The FAO Regional Project “Capacity building and enhanced regional collaboration for the conservation and

sustainable use of plant genetic resources in Asia” (GCP/RAS/240/JPN)

All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 39 Phra Atit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. For a copy of the report, please write to: Regional Project “Capacity building and enhanced regional collaboration for the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources in Asia” c/o FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 39 Phra Atit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. Contact address: Duncan Vaughan Chief Technical Adviser GCP/RAS/240/JPN Tel: 662-697 4142 Fax: 662-697 4445 Email: [email protected]

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Training for Trainers Report

iii

Foreword This document represents a record of a training workshop for participant countries in the project “Capacity building and enhanced regional collaboration for the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources in Asia” (GCP/RAS/240/JPN). The training was designed for leading Plant Genetic Resources documentation officers or database managers of the participating countries in this project. The training was focused on the software NISM-GPA1 that has been developed by FAO in partnership with Bioversity International to help monitor in-country progress in relation to the Global Plan of Acton. The training course lasted 2 days (2-3rd July 2009) and was attended by participants and teachers from 17 countries. The trainees consisted of some that were already familiar with the software and some to whom the software was new. The major portion of the time of the two days was taken up with practical activities related to using the software. This was supplemented with some lectures from teachers related to plant genetic resources information systems. This document provides the Power Point Presentations that were specifically related to understanding NISM-GPA. These provide perspectives from three of the lecturers, Duncan Vaughan, Stefano Diulgheroff and Paul Quek. The schedule of the training program and participants list is also included in this document. At the end of the training course a Google Group web site was established for the trainees through which they may share questions and comments regarding NISM-GPA (http://groups.google.com/group/nism-gpa/) as they undertake in-country activities related to monitoring the Global Plan of Action. 1 National Information Sharing Mechanism – Global Plan of Action

iv

Contents

Page

Foreword................................................................................................................... iii Contents..................................................................................................................... iv Acronyms................................................................................................................... vi Introduction..................................................................................................................

1

Lecture 1....................................................................................................................... 6 Lecture 2....................................................................................................................... 12 Lecture 3....................................................................................................................... 19 Lecture 4 (Hand out).................................................................................................... 27 Lecture 4 (Power Point)............................................................................................... 31

Program....................................................................................................................... 34 List of Participants...................................................................................................... 37 Group Photo................................................................................................................. 40


v

Acronyms

CBD Convention on Biological Diversity

CPGR Commission on Plant Genetic Resources

GEF Global Environment Facility

GIGA Global Information on Germplasm Accessions

GPA Global Plan of Action

IBPGR International Board for Plant Genetic Resources

INIBAP International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain

IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute

ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

NBPGR National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources

NFP National Focal Point

NISM National Information Sharing Mechanism

PGRFA Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

SWR State of the World Report

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme


1

Introduction

How the Global Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture System evolved and the Global Plan of Action

Duncan Vaughan

Chief Technical Adviser Plant Genetic Resources GCP/RAS/240/JPN

Part 1 How the international PGRFA system evolved This year, 2009, is the 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin and 150th anniversary of the most influential biology book of all time – “The origin of species by natural selection or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life”. Darwin laid a strong foundation for understanding biodiversity the focus of work for all who work on plant genetic resources. After Darwin, there was Mendel who laid a foundation for genetics. In the beginning of the last century plant breeding became a science and it was due to scientists’ interest in finding new sources of diversity for plant breeding that the science of conservation of plant genetic resources emerged. Most point to Vavilov as the founder of plant genetic resources science, however, the term “genetic resources’ dates to a conference held in 1967 (Frankel n.d.). The fascinating life story of Vavilov, that involved travels all over the world gathering up and recording all sort of crop diversity, lead to his understanding that crop diversity is not evenly spread around the world but that there are “hot spots” of diversity. Vavilov was the champion of research and use of plant genetic resources for improving agriculture. The first part of the last century resulted in an understanding of crop diversity. The second half of the last century saw that crop diversity come under threat, although concept of genetic erosion was first raised in 1936 by the barley specialist H.V Harlan and M.L. Martini (USDA Yearbook of Agriculture). Early warnings that crop diversity was vulnerable came in the 1960’s when both rice and wheat breeding resulted in semi-dwarf varieties with much greater yield potential than landraces. That same period saw major famines occurring in some parts of the world and an urgent effort was made to introduce these new semi-dwarf varieties widely – at the expense of landrace diversity. The threat to crop diversity due to the spread of a few improved land races was quickly recognize by such people as Erna Bennett and Otto Frankel. As a result of their leadership and others, such as M.S. Swaminathan, Bioversity International (called the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources initially) was born in 1974 with a mandate to help conserve crop genetic resources. Initially the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) was founded as a CG center housed in FAO. It moved from FAO in 1991 and took the name International Plant Genetic Resources Institute in 1974. Subsequently IPGRI joined with the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP) in 1996 and as a merged institute (IPGRI and INIBAP) changed its name to Bioversity International

Training for Trainers Reports

2

(2006). This institute catalyzed much of the PGR activities globally. CG (or Future Harvest) centers focused on collecting and conserving their mandate crops. The 1970’s and 80’s saw huge international efforts to collect germplasm. To house this germplasm an era of building genebanks had begun. While agricultural scientists were concerned about loss of crop diversity increasingly the public too became aware of environmental degradation. Public awareness of global environmental problems including genetic erosion of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture maybe pinpointed to December 1989. Time magazine instead of announcing a Person of the Year as they usually do announced “Planet of the Year” – Earth. That issue of Time magazine marked a point when the public not just scientists began to become more aware of the fragility of Earths ecosystem. It was the previous year that James Lovelock had written the book “Ages of Gaia” (1988, Oxford University Press) that built on ideas he had published in the 1970’s. Environmental concerns have since that time become of major political importance. So by the 1980’s there was an increasing global community of scientists and agricultural workers that were focused on conservation of plant genetic resources. The International Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture system Focus on PGR for food and agriculture was initially (1946-1972) led by FAO and later (after 1972) by FAO and CGIAR jointly. The 1961 Technical Meeting on Plant Exploration and Introduction, organized and hosted by the FAO, can be considered as an informal starting point in the thinking about ex situ conservation for agricultural purposes on an international scale. Wider political recognition of the problem came a few years later when the Green Revolution was in full swing. The 1967 FAO/IBP Technical Conference on the Exploration, Utilization and Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources was organized by the UK based International Biological Programme (IBP) and the FAO. The second 1967 Technical Conference laid the foundation for the scientific premises behind ex situ conservation on an international level (Frankel and Bennet, 1970). The third FAO Technical Conference, in 1973 further developed the scientific basis for PGR science (Frankel and Hawkes, 1975). Since the 1970’s the CG system has been conserving much PGRFA in ex situ collections, while FAO as an intergovernmental agency developed legal guidelines on the conservation and access to PGR. In 1983 FAO established a permanent intergovernmental FAO forum: the Commission on Plant Genetic Resources (CPGR), and a legal framework: the International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources (now the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources). Both FAO bodies function as the main intergovernmental fora for PGRFA. As a result of a meeting at FAO in 1983 an International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources was proposed. The FAO Council was instructed to set up a Commission on Plant Genetic Resources, this Commission held its first meeting in 1985 with 67 nations involved. The Commission has met biennially and at the 5th session of the Commission in 1993 led to three major accomplishments:


3

a. To actions that lead to CG center genebank germplasm coming under the jurisdiction of the FAO;

b. Endorsed the International Code of Conduct for Plant Germplasm Collecting and Transfer;

c. Endorsed the 4th Technical Conference and Programme on the Conservation and Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources and was held in Leipzig, Germany, in June 1996.

Since 1983, FAO's Commission on Plant Genetic Resources has also made major efforts to establish a 'Global System for the Conservation and Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture', the Commission on Plant Genetic Resources itself and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources being its major pillars. The objectives of the Global System are to promote, and support financially, conservation and sustainable use of PGR. In this Global System, the following three elements can be distinguished:

• Regulation, consisting of a Code of Conduct for Plant Genetic Resources and Transfer, and a Code of Conduct on Biotechnology;

• Network systems, including: (a) the World Information and Early Warning System on Plant Genetic Resources; (b) a network of ex situ gene banks (since December 1994 also including 12 CGIAR gene banks); and (c) a network of in situ and on-farm conservation areas.

• The Global Plan of Action on Plant Genetic Resources. The Global Plan of Action (GPA) resulted from a process involving regional conferences, countries providing reports on the state of their efforts to conserve and use plant genetic resources for food and agriculture that culminated in a “State of the World PGRFA”. The Global Plan of Action was formerly adopted by 150 countries during the 4th Technical Conference on PGRFA in Leipzig, Germany.

In the late 1980s UNEP also started to focus on PGRs leading to the Rio Earth Summit. The negotiations held under the auspices of the UNEP that lead to the UN Conference on Environment and Development culminated in 5 key documents. These documents were:

a. The Convention on Biological Diversity (or CBD); b. The Climate Change Convention; c. The Rio Declaration – a statement of principles to guide sustainable

development; d. Agenda 21 a blue print for combating environmental problems; e. A statement on forestry principles.

The Convention on Biological Diversity incorporated several key elements related to PGRFA the main ones being: Article 1 that the objectives of the convention were the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits; Article 15 recognized the sovereign rights of states over their natural resources, and the authority to determine access to genetic resources. In 1990 a funding mechanism called the Global Environment Facility (GEF) was established adopted by the CBD and Climate Convention as their funding mechanism. The CBD came into effect in 1993 after 30 countries ratified it, while 150 countries signed the convention at the Rio Earth Summit. The ratification of the CBD required


4

that the FAO Commission on Plant Genetic Resources change the International Undertaking so that the two documents were in harmony. As a consequence, intergovernmental regulation on the conservation of PGRs was no longer a mandate of FAO and CGIAR alone, since environmental issues were also involved making it a concern of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). In view of this, after 1992, the issues involving conservation and access to PGR are being regularly discussed at fora of the FAO (Commission on PGRFA) and UNEP (Conference of Parties CoPs). FAO thus deals with PGRs for food and agriculture, which is only a subset of biological diversity addressed by UNEP in its CBD. Both the Global Plan of Action (GPA) of FAO, and CBD of UNEP focus on in-situ conservation and sustainable use of PGRs.

Part 2 The significance and components of the Global Plan of Action (GPA) The GPA was adopted by 150 countries at the International Technical Conference on Plant Genetic Resources, Leipzig, Germany in 1996. It has become the “Road Map” for conserving PGRFA. The plan has 4 priority activity areas:

1. In situ conservation and development 2. Ex situ conservation 3. Utilization of plant genetic resources 4. Institutions and capacity building

Under each of these 4 priority areas are several specific activities. 1. In situ conservation and development

In situ conservation is considered important but receives a disproportionately small commitment from PGR workers expect in some countries. The reason in situ conservation has not assumed, up to now, a larger commitment from PGR workers is related to the problem of implementation. While protected National Parks can serve as good sites for the conserving wild relatives of crops in situ trying to conserve landraces of crops in farmer’s fields is more problematic due to the dynamic nature of farming. However, in some countries that still have a wealth of genetic diversity on farmland this approach is now attracting increasing interest.

2. Ex situ conservation

In contrast to in situ conservation there is a well developed methodology associated with ex situ conservation – genebank conservation. This methodology has been developed based on a lot of research that is continuing in areas such as cryopreservation. The well known steps in ex situ conservation are: Collection Conservation (i.e. safe storage of germplasm) Characterization Evaluation Distribution for use Plus each of these steps has documentation associated with it.


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3. Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources The objective of conservation is use of conserved germplasm. This may be direct use by farmers of germplasm conserved in situ or indirect use by farmers after germplasm has been evaluated and used in plant breeding programs.

4. Institutions and capacity building In order for the worlds plant genetic resources to be available for use now and in the future there needs to be a dedicated groups of farmers and scientists that care for these resources. Understanding of how to best conserve germplasm and evaluate germplasm is an evolving process. Genebanks now need to be more energy efficient than they have been as energy costs have increased. The PGR system needs to take advantages of the benefits if new information systems to efficiently document PGR.

To monitor the Global Plan of Action, FAO in collaboration with Bioversity International developed a software called the National Information Sharing Mechanism (NISM) for the Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA). Understanding this software is the main focus of this short training course. References cited Lacy, W. B. 335. The Global Plant Genetic Resources System: A competition-Cooperation paradox. Crop Sci. 35: 335-345 Frankel, O.H. Genetic Resources: The Founding Years. In three parts. Diversity Frankel, O.H. and E. Bennett (eds) Genetic Resources in Plants – Their Exploration and Conservation. Int. Biol. Prog. II. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, Oxford. Frankel, O.H. and J.G. Hawkes (eds) Crop Genetic Resources for Today and Tomorrow. IBP 2, Cambridge University Press.


6

LECTURE 1

Lecture 1.

The Global Plan of Action

Duncan Vaughan

Chief Technical Advisor

Plant Genetic Resources

1This lecture covers 3 issues

• History of understanding plant diversity

• Why the Global Plan of Action for

conserving plant diversity is important

• How NISM-GPA can help countries

monitor their efforts to conserve plant

diversity for food and agriculture

2

People DARWIN - Evolution3 People

MENDEL

Genetics

4

People

VAVILOV –

Crop diversity centers

5People –

leaders of conserving crop diversity

OTTO FRANKEL MS SWAMINATHAN

6


7

People

J.R. HARLAN

Crops and Man

Genepool concept

7Public

Awareness

January 1989

cover of

TIME

8

Gaia

Hypothesis

the world as

a super-

organism

9Global Plan of Action

• A result of the first State of the World Plant

Genetic Resources for Food and

Agriculture

• Leipzig, Germany 1996

• Endorsed by 150 countries

• The “Road Map” for conserving plant

genetic resources.

10

Why are plant genetic resources

such a BIG deal?

• Human societies are based on PGR

• Economic development starts with

agricultural development

• The foundation of human societies

needs to be strong to support

development

11 Full spectrum of genetic resources

Gene

Reservoir

Centers of diversity

landraces

hybrids between wild

species and cultigen

weedy races

Geographic range

Wild species

Related genera

Centers of cultivation

Commercial vars.

Minor vars

Special purpose vars.

Weedy races

Research stations

Hybrid vars.

Breeding lines

Genetic stocks

Mutants

Polyploids, aneuploids

Wide hybrids

Cytoplasmic sources

12


8

PGR - importance

• Lets look at 4 green revolutions (GR) in rice

1. Champa rice – double cropping 1000 years ago

2. Mashuri rice – rainfed lowland GR rice

3. IR8 – irrigated lowlands GR rice

4. Chinese hybrid rice – GR heterosisrice

All depended on specific varieties and specific genes and gene combinations

13

Double cropping in China 1000 AD

14

The FAO rice MASURI for rainfed lowlands

15

Semi-dwarf rice

for irrigated

lowlands

16

The wild rice

that made

hybrid rice

possible

17

The billion $ gene:

virus resistance in wild

rice

18


9

What genes, what germplasm

will be the jewels of the future?

19 The Yin and Yang

of PGR• Seeds (accessions)

• Information on the seeds (accessions)

The key to future success in plant

breeding will be good

information on seeds in the

genebank.

20

Why Build a National Information

Sharing Mechanism?

• Improves a countries ability to make

decisions about PGR including objectives,

defining needs and allocating resources.

• Build stronger partnerships among

stakeholders within countries

• Increase understanding by stakeholders in

each country about the status of their PGR

• Permits PGR monitoring over time

21

• Improve the quality of information about PGR status and dynamics

• Enhance countries capacity to meet international reporting obligations

• Improve the access to and sharing of information about plant genetic resources on national, regional and global levels

• NISM is not a genebank management system it is to see the BIG picture

Why Build a National Information

Sharing Mechanism?

22

Global Plan of Action

• NISM has been built in response to the Global Plan of Action.

• The Global Plan of Action has 4 sectionsand 20 areas

In situ conservation and development

Ex situ conservation

Use of plant genetic resources

Institution and capacity building

23 GPA-

Section In situ conservation

Areas

• Survey and inventory

• Supporting on farm management and

improvement

• Assisting farmers in disaster situations

to restore agricultural systems

• Promoting in situ conservation of wild

crop relatives and wild plants for food

production

24


10

GPA-

Section Ex situ conservation

Areas

• Sustaining existing ex situ collections

• Regenerating threatened ex situ

accessions

• Supporting planned and targeted

collecting

• Expanding ex situ conservation activities

25 GPA-

Section Use of PGR

Areas

• Expanding characterization and

evaluation and core collections to

facilitate use

• Increasing genetic enhancement and

base-broadening efforts

• Promoting sustainable agriculture

continued

26

GPA-

Section Use of PGR

(Areas continued)

• Promoting the development and

commercialization of underutilized

crops and species

• Supporting seed production and

distribution

• Developing new markets for local

varieties and diversity-rich products

27GPA-

Section Institution and capacity building

Areas

• Building strong national programs

• Promoting networks

• Constructing comprehensive information systems

• Developing monitoring and early warning systems

• Expanding and improving education and training

• Promoting public awareness

28

GPA and NISM-GPA

• NISM-GPA is a way of monitoring what

is happening in countries in relation to

the GPA.

• The software associated with NISM-

GPA consists of indicators for each of

the 20 AREAs on the GPA.

• Each of the 20 AREAs have a series of

questions associated with them.

29Area - Indicators

• AREA 5 Sustaining Existing Ex situ

collections

• Indicator – ID 129

Species and number of accessions

preserved ex situ: medium term and long

term.

Question number 239

30


11

Area - Questions

• AREA 5 Sustaining Existing Ex situ collections

• Indicator 129

• Question 239

Enter (update) in the table below for each ex situ collection, held by your organization, and for each taxon or crop, the number of accessions stored under specified storage conditions

31 GPA

4 SECTIONs

20 Areas

NISM-GPA

Each AREA has Indicators each

with their own ID number and

related Questions with their own

ID number.

32


12

LECTURE 2

Lecture 2

Getting people1 involved

with NISM-GPA

Duncan Vaughan

Chief Technical Advisor

Plant Genetic Resources

1

1 Stakeholders

What role do you have?

• This short course is for national leaders on Plant Genetic Resources Information

• As a leader YOU have a special role

• One of your most important roles is interacting with others (stakeholders) who help you build up the National PGRFA database

2

What role do you have?

• You need to make your database partners

(stakeholders) HAPPY

• Inter-personal relationships are a key to

the success of your role.

That is the focus of this talk

3 Who is involved in PGRFA

conservation

• Genebank workers

• University biology scientists

• NGOs

• Farmers/gardeners and farmers

cooperatives

• Private companies – such as seed

firms

• Regional and international

organizations and networks

4

Who are stakeholders?

• Stakeholders are people, groups or

institutions who are likely to be affected by

the plant genetic resources program or

those who can affect the outcome of the

program. They can help make the national

information system complete.

5 Why involve stakeholders in

PGRFA programs?

• Broadens the knowledge base

• May reduce costs (task sharing) and increase

effectiveness

• Helps to establish national program objectives

through better understanding of needs

• Increases sense of ownership and morale

• Builds a constituency for PGRFA conservation

and use, which helps generate political and

practical support

6


13

Basic steps for organizing a

stakeholders involvement process

• Designing a stakeholders involvement

process

• Identifying stakeholders

• Engaging stakeholders (e.g. workshops)

• Implementing collaborative action

• Maintaining the momentum

7Step 1 Designing a stakeholders

involvement process

• Be realistic (budget, time, effectiveness)

• Stakeholders relative importance in terms

of helping build NISM-GPA

• Share information on the process

• Step by step

8

Step 1 Levels of stakeholder

involvement in GPA implementation

• High – Stakeholders hold, manage, use PGR

• Intermediate – Stakeholders assist

• Intermediate – Stakeholders provide inputs

• Intermediate – Stakeholders informed and provide opinions

• Low – Stakeholders not involved


involvement process

• Importance of good/effective

communication

• Explain what is required of stakeholders,

why and their benefits

10

Step 1 Designing a stakeholders

involvement process

• The value of a steering committee

• Generates interest and commitment

• Maybe the National PGR Committee if it

exists

• Steering committee can help design

details of the participatory process and

help to manage it

BOX 6 – See Annex 1


involvement process

• Clarify the tasks and time frame

• Key values for stakeholder involvement

are:

Accountability

Effectiveness – prioritize actions

Equity and inclusiveness

12


14

Leaders

National

Implementers

Stakeholder-

implementers

Steering committee

Commitment building

and planning

Information sharing and

country synthesis

13Step 2 Assessing stakeholders

• Key stakeholders involved in GPA action

areas

• See BOX 8 Annex 2

14

Step 2 Assessing stakeholders

• Stakeholder analysis

a. Identify key stakeholders

b. Determine stakeholder interest/concern

c. Balance support/opposition

d. Formulate strategy to get support from

key stakeholders

15Step 2 Assessing stakeholders

• Invite stakeholders to participate

a. Why am I invited

b. What does the topic do with me

c. Why a full day

d. What will I have to do if I can

e. Who else is participating

f. What will the outcome be

16

Step 2 Assessing stakeholders

• Benefits for stakeholders

a. Increased influence

b. Ability to network with people

c. Increased access to new information

d. Increased visibility

e. New perspectives

f. Learning new challenges and how to

deal with them

17Step 3 Engaging stakeholders

• Provide information and clarify your

expectations

a. Purpose and expected outcomes

b. Deadlines

c. Who the stakeholders report to

d. How outcomes incorporated

e. Types of information to be shared and

confidentiality

f. Resources to be provided to stakeholdersBOX 10 – Annex 3

18


15

Step 3 Engaging stakeholders

• Develop long term goals for:

a. Generation and collection of in-country

PGRFA data

b. Create and maintain conditions for exchange

and use of information

Define stakeholders roles and responsibilities

Define NISM curators roles and responsibilities

Review and revise information in Common

Tables

19 Step 4 Implementation of collaborative

action

• Would working groups help – for example

for the 4 major topic areas?

• Building stakeholder capacity

• Monitor progress and provide support

• Validate initial results and jointly review

20

Step 5 Monitoring and Momentum

• Share information

• Keep in-touch and up-date regularly

• Stimulate follow up and learning

21Reference

This lecture was based on:

Guidelines for stakeholder involvement

in implementation and monitoring of the

Global Plan of Action

by H. Baur, J. Watts and J. Engels

This reference is provided on CD rom and

with NISM software

22


16

Annex 1 from H. Baur et al.


17



18



19

LECTURE 3

The National Information Sharing

Mechanism on GPA

implementation

Training for trainers on the National Information Sharing Mechanism-

Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA)

2nd -3rd July 2009 FAO-RAP Bangkok Thailand

Stefano Diulgheroff, FAO AGP

Contents

• What is NISM-GPA?

• What are its purposes?

• What are its outputs?

• Already implemented...where? ... accessible?

• What kind of information?– Indicators and Reporting Format on the GPA

– Guidelines for the national process

– Computer application

• How to use NISM-GPA?

1

What is NISM-GPA?

A partnership of national stakeholders

that contribute to the conservation and

sustainable use of PGRFA that is built

through:

Country-driven,

Participatory process

Capacity-building process

2

What are its purposes?

Two guiding principles:

• Ensure National Programmes benefit directly

from NISM-GPA

• Ensure widest possible participation of

National PGR Stakeholders

3

• Promote understanding of PGRFA status and

dynamics

• Allow analysis of gaps + priorities

• Assist decision-making processes and

planning of available resources

• Increase visibility of on-going efforts

• Store historical memory on PGRFA efforts

• Improve countries capacity to manage PGRFA

info + to meet intl. reporting commitments

What are its purposes?

4

• A partnership among participating

stakeholders

• A web portal

• A national database on PGRFA

• An updated assessment of the state of

PGRFA conservation and use

What are its outputs?

5


20

Already implemented...where?

6

• a list of indicators for monitoring the

implementation at country level of all

priority activity areas of the GPA

• a reporting format, which is a structured

questionnaire based on these indicators

What kinds of information?7

• guidelines for initiating and coordinating this

process, for the involvement of stakeholders,

for gathering and disseminating information

and for the preparation of the national

assessment;

• a computer application, developed to

facilitate gathering, linking, sharing and

analysis of the information addressed by the

indicators and the questionnaire.

What tools are available?8

CGRFA-10 (2004)

•Recognized the importance of an efficient

system for monitoring GPA implementation,

in terms of planning, priority-setting and

achieving the mobilization of financial

resources to support national programmes.

9

CGRFA-10 (2004)

•Adopted the revised indicators and

reporting format for monitoring the

implementation of the Global Plan of Action

that were presented in the document,

Indicators and reporting format for

monitoring the implementation of the Global

Plan of Action

10

Indicators and Reporting Format

• Computer Application

• Implementation Process at country level

New GPA Monitoring Approach11


21

• Document CGRFA-10/04/Inf.5

Presently available in:

Arabic, Armenian, Azeri, Chinese, Czech, English,

French, Georgian, German, Italian, Lao, Malay,

Norwegian, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Turkish and

Vietnamese

English version provided to all trainees on CDrom

New GPA Monitoring Approach


12

83 core + 68 complementary indicators

98 questions in the Reporting Format are

linked to the core indicators

48 directed to National Focal Points

50 directed to Stakeholders+

20 open-ended questions, not linked to any

indicator, inviting general comments for

each priority activity area of the Global Plan

of Action.



13

14


22

15

16


23

17

18


24

Common Tables

Organizations table (pre-filled with >18,000 records

from WIEWS and other established NISMs)

Contact persons table (pre-filled with >20,000

records from WIEWS and other established NISMs)

Projects table

Taxon table (pre-filled with >75,000 records from USDA-

GRIN)

Cultivars table

References table (covering both bibliographical ref.

and laws..)

Etc.

19

Tools

• Indicators and Reporting Format

Computer Application

• Implementation Process at country

level

20

• Computer-based National Info-Sharing

System (March 2002-May 2009 – 9 major releases)

• 3 versions: NFP; SHs; All (web)


Arabic, Armenian, Azeri, Chinese, Czech,

English, French, Georgian, German, Italian, Lao,

Malay, Norwegian, Russian, Spanish, Thai,

Turkish and Vietnamese


Tools developed:

21

Computer Application(tool based on Indicators + Reporting Format)

• License free

• Multi-user

• Multi-language

• Flexible

• Applicable under low, medium, high

infrastructure scenario

• Tested and debugged (1,000 users).


Tools developed:

22

Computer Applicationallows:

• Quality data entry

• Wide scope data coverage

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• Easy data analysis

New GPA Monitoring Approach23

Tools

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Implementation Process at

country level

24

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25


26

Guidelines for:

• Managing and coordinating a country-

driven participatory process, such as

facilitating the involvement of stakeholders(December 2002)


English and Spanish provided on CD rom

Tools

26

Guidelines for:

• Establishing a National Info-Sharing

Mechanism on GPA implementation,

including a user’s manual for the computer

application


English, French, Russian, Spanish, Thai and

Vietnamese. Provided to trainees on CD rom

Tools

27

Guidelines for:

• the Preparation of assessment on the state

of PGRFA


English, French, Spanish, Arabic and Chinese

Tools

28New NISM-GPA web front page

29


27

LECTURE 4 (Hand out)

Experiences with NISM-GPA and Complementary PGR Information

Systems

Paul Quek Scientist Documentation Information

Bioversity International Regional Office for Asia, the Pacific and Oceania

Introduction Before the NISM-GPA implementation data for the State of the World Report (SWR) came from survey forms which were lengthy and was difficult to have good responses from the countries. Surveys in a way does not benefit much for the respondent and there was no incentive to provide the answers. The discussion then was on how to make the data collecting of use to the country first, so that countries will keep the data updated for their use. The secondary use for reports like SWR would then be possible and with less effort than conducting a survey. The development of the computer technology has changed the way we collate data. In the 1980s we were looking at databases that were basically off-line, were tedious to update as only a single operator could access and data was shared as reports making reuse difficult. The web development in the 1990s was rapid and static HTML web pages were the basis of sharing information. The best that could be done was to have each country have Global Plan of Action (GPA) indicator information on their web pages. This was piloted as the InfoBase project in the Bioversity APO office. In the late 1990s the introduction of XML formats accelerated the use of the web for data collection and the means to work on-line materialised. The development in XML and the web technology has made possible the collation and sharing of data on-line without need to do off-line updates and uploading.

Experiences in NISM-GPA The Bioversity APO office was involved in the implementation of the NISM-GPA by providing and acting as resource persons for training on the use of the NISM-GPA software. We undertook the role, as the indicators of the GPA monitoring system fall into our institute 20 priority areas and they could be mapped to the Bioversity program structure then (Sajise and Quek 2005). The availability of the GPA monitoring information will enable international centres like Bioversity, to make better assessment of the PGR conservation situation in each country and to tailor their activities according to the specific needs of the regions. In working with the implementing organizations or National Focal Points (NFP) we observed that NFP who are themselves involved in conservation can readily identify stakeholders and to foster links for data entry. In the case of NFP that were not involved in conservation themselves, the perception of stakeholders of the NFP aims can have a negative impact on the amount of data collected initially. The concept of sharing data is understood by stakeholders but in fact providing data was difficult for the following reasons; 1. the feeling of loosing control over the data, 2. institutional barriers and 3. data


28

does not exists in some cases. One can expect initially that not all stakeholders will provide data as they remain on the side line due to lack of understanding of the process and the benefits. After subsequent meetings and seeing the information provided by other stakeholders in the NISM-GPA, more stakeholders will feel more comfortable to share. From the user end it is important to have a helpdesk for new users are novices and a novice will revert to his/her original expert state if no support is provided for issues encountered. Another consideration is that using web based software has a different feel for the user even though the interface maybe the same as an application running on a desktop. Web based software applications run from within an internet browser and they need more clicks to save and more time to operate compared to desktop applications. The time taken to execute a function after a click appears slower and also the need to start a web server before the application can run on the desktop meant a longer start-up and run time. With time, users will get use to the slower Wed2.0 applications that is becoming common. The Google Documents is one example of a web based application that allows you to share, collaborate and publish on line. Its popularity will make using web based application like the NISM-GPA intuitive in the near future. A record structure that some users may find hard to grasp was the parent-child relationship of records within the Organizations table. This is a concept that makes defining and managing addresses within an organization more simple and intuitive. Without it, individual department and faculty addresses within an institution will appear with frequent duplicates. The parent-child relationship concept will be useful in many data capture situations and in knowledge mapping. Names was a cultural sensitive issue encountered as names had a wide variation in structure. From no surname to multiple surnames, from one word to many words in a full name and a surname if present, can be any word in the name. Trying to develop guidelines was not practical. The method used was to document a formal name and a full name. On the NISM-GPA where names do not fall into first name and last name, then the formal name is entered into the last name field and the full name is entered into first name field. The ability of stakeholders to do updates and the consolidation of these update to a central application was new to many stakeholders and confusion reigns. The export from Stakeholder application and import to National Focal Point application routine took a while to understand and to be implemented properly. Since the data set was initially not large, re-entering data was not a problem where problems were encountered.

Complementary Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) systems Complementary PGR systems to NISM-GPA are PGR related applications that will feed information into or provide data for the NISM-GPA as well as applications that will use data generated from the NISM-GPA. Most applications are the former types and it will be good to look at the later types for use at the national level. Applications that can feed data and information range from web sites, PGR conservation documentation systems, library applications and Human resource systems in place. The ability to import data from Stakeholders version of the NISM-GPA meant that it is possible to look at importing formatted data from other applications as well. A standard format for import export can resolve the issue if the unique identification can be matched somewhere.


29

Of interest is the development of the PGR documentation system that are well developed for ex-situ genebank and still evolving for in situ documentation. For ex situ documentation the plant and the seeds are being tracked, managed at the genebank level. Over the years, other systems, such as EURISCO, SINGER and GRIN, have been developed and integrate databases from various genebanks together with powerful tools for accessing and searching germplasm accession information (Sebastian and Mackay 2009). More recently a mandate to develop a global information system came about with the coming into force of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). This global information system will contribute to the sharing of benefits through making such information available to all contracting parties of the Treaty and build on existing systems. The Global Information on Germplasm Accessions (GIGA) project is a partnership between Bioversity International, the Global Crop Diversity Trust (Trust) and the ITPGRPFA. The project will be developed in 3 components; 1) a common information standards to describe the key characteristics of genetic resources, 2) the deployment of a new version of GRIN genebank data-management software (to be called GRIN-GLOBAL) and 3) the building of a user-friendly internet portal (or gateway) to information at the accession level Map applications like Google maps and Wikimapia add on visualisation of location and will see their used in the in situ documentation of PGR where location will be an important parameter for monitoring in situ conservation and related conservation projects.

Using the NISM-GPA The step toward sustainability of maintaining the GPA monitoring will depend on use of the information by stakeholders to be better informed and to see where they can make a difference in the national conservation process. It is important that the NFP can attract stakeholders to keep their information updated even in between the reporting process to FAO. Two examples of the possibility of using the NISM-GPA data are; 1. To tap the NISM-GPA PerTab common tables for the CGIAR Centres mailing list.

Example, Bioversity sends out their newsletter twice a year and these could be sent to all listed in the NISM-GPA PerTab common tables. In this way, for a person to maintain himself/herself on the mailing list of Bioversity, he/she needs to update his/her address with the NFP.

2. NFP to be a clearing house for proposals within the country that are related to PGRFA.

It is not to control but to facilitate the sourcing for funds, reducing duplication and ensuring urgent areas of concern are attended to. The scenario could be the donors browsing the NFP sites to shop for proposals. The above are challenges that all NFP should try to achieve as a collective effort in a way forward after setting up the NISM-GPA.


30

Conclusion There are many ways to use data and information, example the use of web portals that are being developed to extract information from diverse databases may pose challenges of using these information. The way forward is looking at how all these information that are collated in portals can be mined for information and action needed, as well as translating them into a GPA indicator. Out of all these there should be indexes for conservation at country, regional and global level much like the stock market indexes.

Reference Sajise,P and P. Quek, 2005 IPGRI and the Global Plan of Action: Collaboration for

Synergy, A paper presented during the Second Meeting of Focal Points for Project GCP/RAS/186/JPN, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 21-22 February 2005.

Quek,P. and M.Mai, 1998, Regional Plant Genetic Resources Database A paper prepared for the Third EA-PGR Meeting in Suweon, South Korea, September 14-16, 1998.

Sebastian L. and Mackay M. 2009, Plant Genetic Resources Information Systems of Bioversity International and the CG System (Updates)


31

LECTURE 4 (Power Point)

Experiences with NISM-GPA and Complementary PGR

Information Systems

Paul [email protected]

1History

Before the NISM-GPA implementation data for the State of the World Report (SWR) came from survey forms

– lengthy

– difficult to have good responses

– does not benefit the respondent

– no incentive to provide the answers.

How to make the data collecting of use to the country first?

– countries will keep the data updated for their use

– secondary use for reports like SWR

2

Technology changes (PCs)

• 1980s we were looking at databases, off-line, tedious to update, data shared as reports making reuse difficult.

• 1990s HTML web pages were the basis of sharing information. The best that could be done was to have each country have GPA indicator information on their web pages.

• 1990s the introduction of XML formats accelerated the use of the web for data collection and the means to work on-line

3

>syndicationstickiness

>tagging ( folksonomy )directories (taxonomy)

>wikiscontent management systems

>participationpublishing

>web servicesscreen scraping

>cost per clickpage views

>search engine optimizationdomain name speculation

>bloggingpersonal websites

>WikipediaBritannica Online

>Napstertmp3.com

>BitTorrenAkamai

>FlickrOfoto

>Google AdSenseDoubleClick

Web 2.0Web 1.0

Technology changes 4

NISM-GPA implementation

Initial issues you will face as implementing organization

1. involved in conservation You are already part of the network and you know who to contact and link up with

2. not involved in conservation The perception of stakeholders on your organization can have a negative impact on your data collection

partnership 5 Stakeholders' participation

1. It takes time to build up trust and understand objectives• Expect initially not all stake holders will

provide data (side line watchers)• Once data are published then more will join

subsequently• More detailed data will be provide over time

2. Continuous support is important• Learning a new application is to become a

novice and• novices will revert to their original expert states

if there is no support

6


32

Software used

Software is HTML based so there are differences in the way functions work compared to desktops and users need to get use to. e.g. Work from within a browser Response not as fast Need to click <save> often Need to start a web server

EXPECTATIONS of USERS7 Concept of parent-child

relationship

• A record relation structure that some users may find hard to grasp

• managing addresses within an institute more simple and intuitive.

• The concept will assist in many data capture situations and in knowledge mapping.

8

Names

• Names are cultural sensitive issues

encountered

• Names have a wide variation in structure. (read

manual on how to handle names)

•The ability of stakeholders to do updates and

the consolidation of these update to a central

application was new to many stakeholders and

confusion is possible.

•The export and import routine took a while to

understand and to be implemented

Updates

9Complementary PGR systems to NISM-GPA

Applications that feed information into or provide data for, as well as applications that use data from the NISM-GPA

• Applications that can feed data and information

• Web sites/portals

• PGR conservation documentation systems,

• library applications and

• Human resource systems

• Application that use

– Mailing list

– Proposal clearing house

10

Global Information on Germplasm

Accessions (GIGA) projectThe is a partnership between Bioversity

International, the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the ITPGRPFA . The project has 3 components;

1) a common information standards to describe the key characteristics of genetic resources,

2) the deployment of a new version of GRIN genebank data-management software (to be called GRIN-GLOBAL) and

3) the building of an internet portal (or gateway) to accession level information

11

Sustainability of maintaining the GPA

monitoring

• To tap the NISM-GPA PerTabcommon tables for the CGIAR Centres mailing list.

• NFP to be a clearing house for proposals within the country that are related to PGRFA.

12


33

Conclusions

• The way forward is looking at how all

PGR information that are collated in

portals can be mined for information

and action needed, as well as

translating them into a GPA indicator.

• Out of all these there should emerge an

index for conservation at country,

regional and global level much like the

stock market indexes.

13

Thank you

14


34

Program

Subject: Training for trainers on the National Information Sharing Mechanism- Global Plan of Action (NISM-GPA)

2nd -3rd July 2009 FAO-RAP Bangkok Thailand Introduction Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) is an important component of supporting sustainable agriculture production globally. In 1996 an FAO sponsored meeting in Leipzig, Germany, 150 countries adopted a Global Plan of Action to conserve PGR for Food and Agriculture. This Global Plan of Action consists of 4 parts: in-situ conservation, ex-situ conservation, use of plant genetic resources and institution and capacity building. To help countries monitor their activities under the Global Plan of Action, FAO in partnership with Bioversity International developed a software known as “National Information Sharing Mechanism for the Implementation of the Global Plan of Action” or NISM-GPA for short. This training program is designed with the objective of explaining this monitoring NISM-GPA software to national PGR documentation officers/database managers so that they will have a strong understanding of the software and its contents. It is hoped that at the end of the training course participants will have sufficient grounding in the software to be able to teach others to use it in their own countries. Participants will be provided both hands on training and plenty of interaction with qualified teachers during the course. The course will also introduce information on important web-based sites that are a useful source of information on plant genetic resources conservation. Expected attendees National Plant Genetic Resources documentation officers or PGR database managers. Resources persons Dr. Stefano Diulgheroff, FAO Rome; Dr. Paul Quek, Bioversity International Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Malaysia; Dr. Rakesh Agrawal, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India; Dr. Duncan Vaughan, Chief Technical Adviser, FAO, Bangkok. Several National PGR Database experts. Training Course Texts: A CD rom is provided of the most important documents that are:

(a) Global Plan of Action (b) Summary of the Global Plan of Action (c) Indicators and reporting format for monitoring the implementation of the

Global Plan of Action for the Conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. Documents CGRFA-9/02/Inf.2 and CGRFA-10/04/Inf.5

(d) Guide towards the National Information Sharing Mechanism on the implementation of the Global Plan of Action for the conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and its establishment.


35

(e) Guidelines for stakeholder involvement in implementation and monitoring of the Global Plan of Action – Strengthening national programs for the conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture.

(f) GPA Implementation in Asia: A compilation of frequently asked questions using the computer application for the establishment of National Information Sharing Mechanism of GPA Implementation

Schedule

Wednesday 1st July Arrival Thursday 2nd July Venue: General Conference Room FAO-RAP 8:30-9:00 Registration 9:00-9:15 Introductions 9:15 -9;35 The Global Plan of Action Duncan Vaughan This lecture will discuss the origin and contents of the Global Plan of Action and how this lead to the evolution of NISM-GPA and why it is a valuable tool for a National Plant Genetic Resources Program. 9:35 -10:00 The process at the country level: Getting stakeholders involved in NISM-GPA Duncan Vaughan This lecture will focus on the in-country process of getting many stakeholders involved in the process of building a national NISM-GPA database. 10:00-10:30 Group Photo and break 10:30-12:15 NISM-GPA Getting started Stefano Diulgheroff This lecture will cover the basics of setting up the software and its characteristic requirements in different systems 12:15-13:15 Lunch break 13:15-14:00 NISM-GPA Basics and the face of the website Stefano Diulgheroff 14:00-15:00 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others 15:00-15:25 Break 15:25 - 17:15 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others Evening: Reception dinner


36

Friday 3rd July 2009 Venue: General Conference Room FAO-RAP 9:00-10:30 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others 10:30-10:50 Break 10:50-12:30 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others 12:30-13:30 Lunch break 13:30-14:30 Other types of PGR databases – Dr. Masaru Takeya, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan.

This session will present the PGR database system of Japan and some innovations they have incorporated into their system. 14:45-15:15 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others 15:15-15:35 Break 15:35-16:45 Practical session Stefano Diulgheroff and others 16:15-16:45 “Experiences with NISM-GPA and complementary Plant Genetic Resources Information Systems”. Paul Quek, Bioversity International

This session will introduce a CG perspective to PGR information systems. 16:45-17:15 NISM-GPA and plant genetic resources information; Experiences from NBPGR and India. Rakesh Agrawal, NBPGR This session will explain the experiences of a large country that successfully adopted NISM-GPA 17:15-17;30 Closing comments Evening free 4th July 2009 Departure


37

Training for trainers on the National Information Sharing Mechanism- Global

Plan of Action (NISM-GPA) FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand

2 - 3 July 2009

List of Participants BANGLADESH 1. Mr. Md. Abeed Hossain Chowdhury

Director, Computer and GIS Unit Bangladesh Agriculture Research Council (BARC) Farmgate, Tejgaon, Dhaka Bangladesh Tel: (880-2) 811 8274 Email: [email protected] [email protected]

BHUTAN 2. Ms. Kezang Wangmo

Assistant ICT Officer National Biodiversity Center, Ministry of Agriculture Serbithang, Thimphu Bhutan Tel: (975-2) 351417 Fax: (975-2) 351219 Email: [email protected]

CAMBODIA 3. Mr Ty Channa

Head of Training and Information Center Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI) Cambodia Mobile: (855-11) 818 798 Email: [email protected]

INDIA 4. Mr Rakesh Chandra Agrawal

Principal Scientist National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012 India Tel: (91-11) 258 46074 Mobile: 989 9008855 Fax: (91-11) 258 42495 Email: [email protected]

INDONESIA 5. Ms Andari Risliawati

Indonesian Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRRAD) Ministry of Agriculture Tentara Pelajar No 3A Bogor 16111 Indonesia Tel: (62-858) 5462 6513 Fax: (62-251) 833 8820 Email: [email protected]

JAPAN 6. Mr Masaru Takeya

Genebank National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Kannondai 2-1-2 Tsukuba 305-8602, Ibaraki Japan Email: [email protected]


38

LAO PDR 7. Mr Manoluck Bounsihalath

Database Manager Agriculture and Forestry Information Centre, NAFRI P.O. Box: 7170, Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel/Fax: (856-21) 770 892 Mobile: (856-20) 247 5757 Email: [email protected]

MALAYSIA 8. Mrs Tosiah Sadi

Research Officer Strategic Resource Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research Institute (MARDI) P.O.Box 12301, G.P.O. 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: (603) 89438078/7391 Fax: (603) 89437677 Email: [email protected]

MONGOLIA 9. Mr Noov Bayarsukh

Deputy Director Plant Science and Agricultural Research Training Institute Darkhan-Uul, Mongolia Tel: (976) 1372-28831 Mobile: (976) 9901-4174 Fax: (976) 1372-28826 or 24132 Email: [email protected]

MYANMAR 10. Ms L Nan Khar

Assistant Research Officer PGR Database Section, Seed Bank Unit Department of Agricultural Research (DAR) Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Tel: (95) 067-416531

NEPAL 11. Mrs Bidya Pandey

Senior Horticulture Development Officer Gender Equity and Environment Division Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Singh Durbar, Kathmandu Nepal. Tel: (977-1) 4211940 Fax: (977-1) 4211953 Email: [email protected]

12. Mr Surendra Kumar Shrestha

Agriculture Botany Division Khumaltar, Lalitpur Nepal Tel: (977-1) 5521615 Email: [email protected]

PAKISTAN 13. Mr Abdul Qayyum

Senior Scientific Officer Plant Genetic Resources Program, Institute of Agri-Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, P.O.Box-NIH, Islamabad, Pakistan. Tel: (92-51) 9255203 Fax: (92-51) 9255201 Email: [email protected]

PHILIPPINES 14. Ms Solita R. Sicat

Senior Agriculturalist Head, Computer Unit Bureau of Plant Industry 692 San Andres Street Malate, Manila Philippines 1004 Tel: (63-2) 524-8191 Mobile: (0927) 275-4263 Fax: (63-2) 521-7650 Email: [email protected]


39

SRI LANKA

15. Ms S.C.J. Dissanayake

Research Officer (Head, Data

Management Unit)

Plant Genetic Resources Centre

P.O. Box 59

Gannoruwa, Peradeniya

Sri Lanka

Tele: (94-81) 2388494

Fax: (94-81) 2388490

Email: [email protected]

THAILAND

16. Mr Nuttawut Kritsamak

Agricultural Scientist

Plant Variety Protection Division

Department of Agriculture

Pochakorn Building

50 Phaholyothin Rd. Chatuchak,

Bangkok 10900

Tel: (66-2) 9407214

Mobile: (66-089) 1469149

Fax: (66-2) 5614665


17. Ms Tanapa Vutiyano

Agricultural Scientist

Plant Variety Protection Division

Department of Agriculture

Pochakorn Building

50 Phaholyothin Rd. Chatuchak

Bangkok 10900

Tel: (66-2) 9407214

Mobile: (66-085) 099-9731

Fax: (66-2) 561 4665


VIET NAM

18. Mr Nguyen Tien Hung

Plant Resources Center

Vietnamese Academy of Agricultural

Sciences

Ankhanh, Hoaiduc, Hanoi, Vietnam

Tel: (844) 336 56609

Fax: (844) 336 50625


CGIAR

19. Mr Paul Quek

Scientist Documentation Information

Bioversity International

Regional Office for Asia, the Pacific and

Oceania

P O Box 236, UPM Post Office

43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia


Crop Diversity Trust

20. Mr Luigi Guarino

Senior Science Coordinator

Global Crop Diversity Trust

c/o FAO

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla

00153 Rome, Italy

Tel: (39) 06 570 56315

Fax: (39) 06 570 55634


FAO

21. Mr Stefano Diulgheroff

AGPS

FAO HQ Viale delle Terme di Caracalla

00100 Rome, Italy


22. Mr Duncan Vaughan

Chief Technical Adviser

GCP/RAS/240/JPN

FAO RAP

Tel: (66-2) 697-4142

Fax: (66-2) 697-4445


23. Ms Wandee Jangkanipakul

Secretary, GCP/RAS/240/JPN

FAORAP

Tel: (66-2) 697-4133

Fax: (66-2) 697-4445



40

Group photograph of participants at the Training for Trainers

Workshop

Front row: Bidya Pandey, Solicat Sicat, Tosiah Sadi, Andari Risliawati, L. Nan Khar, Wandee Jangkanipakul, Second row: Duncan Vaughan, Bayarsukh, Manoluck Bounsihalath, S.C.J. Dissanayake, Md. Abeed Hossain Chowdhury, Ty Channa, Tanapa Vutiyano, Kezang Wangmo, Back row: Nguyen Tien Hung, Rakesh Agrawal, Stefano Diulgheroff, Luigi Guarino, Paul Quek, Masaru Takeya, Surendra Shrestra, Nuttawut Kritsamak, Abdul Qayyum

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