trafford dermatology guidelines · these guidelines have been developed by a sub-group of the...
TRANSCRIPT
Trafford Dermatology Guidelines
Contents
Introduction
Trafford clinics, staff and contact details ............................ 2
Referral .............................................................................. 3
Acne .................................................................................. 4
Rosacea ............................................................................ 7
Hand eczema .................................................................... 9
Atopic eczema ................................................................. 11
Topical preparations – quantities ..................................... 15
Varicose eczema ............................................................. 18
Seborrhoeic dermatitis.......................................................20
Psoriasis .......................................................................... 22
Urticaria and angioedema ................................................ 26
Generalised pruritus ........................................................ 26
Viral warts ........................................................................ 28
Molluscum contagiosum .................................................. 31
Scabies ........................................................................... .33
Onychodystrophy ............................................................. 36
Actinic/Solar keratosis ..................................................... 38
Seborrhoeic keratosis........................................................39
Skin cancer.... .................................................................. 40
Patient and self help groups............................................ . 42
Emollients Appendix........................................................ . 43
Galderma (UK) ltd has financially contributed to the production and publication of these guidelines.
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Introduction
These guidelines have been developed by a sub-group of the Trafford Dermatology Clinical Stakeholder panel, originally adapted from Medway NHS Trust guidelines. This document was made possible by Dr Farzana Nayeemuddin This document offers recommendations for the first line treatment of common skin conditions in primary care and defines the point at which referral to the relevant specialist community service or secondary care department should be made. This information is intended to be used as a source of reference by General Practitioners in order to become familiar with the most common skin diseases encountered in General Practice and to boost confidence in dealing with them. The treatments received in each section are not prescriptive and alternative comparable products can be used. These can be found within the relevant section of the B.N.F. It is impossible to define exactly the stage at which a referral to a specialist service should be made and frequently the problems at the edge of our definitions are the most challenging. These treatment recommendations should be followed prior to consideration of referral to the specialist service.
Criteria for referral are clearly stated at the end of each section.
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Trafford Contact Information Trafford General Hospital Moorside Road Davyhulme Manchester
M41 5SL
Dermatology Consultant /Skin Cancer Lead- Dr Farzana Nayeemuddin
Locum Consultant - Dr Jitendra Gupta
Telephone: 0161 746 2856
Fax : 0161 746 2655
Altrincham General Hospital Market Street Altrincham Cheshire WA14 1PE
Lead Clinician / Dermatology Consultant - Dr Jennifer Yell,
Telephone: 0161 934 8376
Fax: 0161 934 8401
Trafford Commissioning Consortium (NHS Trafford) Third Floor Oakland House Talbot Road Old Trafford Manchester M16 0PQ
GP Clinical Lead-Dr N MacDonald
Lead Manager - Chris Valchero
Tel: 0161 873 9572 (Direct)
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Referrals
Urgent Referrals to Secondary Care All referrals will be assessed and prioritised by a Consultant/member of the Dermatology team.
Urgent referrals may be faxed directly to your chosen hospital or via Choose and Book.
If you wish to discuss a case with a Trafford Consultant, please telephone via the secretary’s
direct line on 0161 746 2856.
You can also discuss urgent cases (not skin cancer) with the on-call Dermatology Registrar at Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust (Hope) via their switchboard on 0161-789 7373.
Skin cancer
Referrals for suspected melanomas and squamous cell carcinomas must be made using the HSC 205 referral pathway.
These patients will be assessed within two weeks of receipt. Referrals for other skin lesions, e.g. basal cell carcinoma, should be made via the non-urgent pathway.
Content of referral letter
The following information should be included:
Nature of condition and duration
Relevant past medical history
All medication currently and previously used for this condition including dose, duration of treatment and response, plus all other concurrent medication
Photographs (optional)
Referrals to Trafford Community Services
Trafford Under 5s Community Eczema Clinic
Chapel road clinic- 0161 973 1329 – Clinic runs Thursday mornings
Referral letter to : Eczema Clinic, Chapel Road Clinic, 70 Chapel Road, Sale, M33 7EG
Community Children’s Nursing Team (0yrs to 16yrs for eczema & psoriasis)
Trafford General Hospital Tel- 0161 934 8332 Fax -0161 934 8319
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Acne
Treatment aims;
To reduce the severity of the disease
To reduce the psychological impact on the individual
Mild to moderate acne should be managed in primary care. Several different agents may need to be tried alone or in combination e.g. topical benzoyl peroxide plus systemic antibiotics. Inform patient that response is usually slow and allow 12 weeks before review.
Topical retinoids are also the preferred agent for maintenance therapy in place of antibiotics, which will lead to bacterial resistance.
The goal is to minimise the use of antibiotics
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
MILD ACNE
Un-inflamed lesions -
Open and closed comedones (Blackheads)
(Sometimes with papules/pustules.)
■ Topical preparations
Benzoyl peroxide 2.5-10%
■ With antimicrobial
Benzoyl peroxide, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulphate (Quinoderm) cream
Clindamycin/ Benzoyl peroxide 5% (Duac) gel ■ Topical antibacterials
Clinidamycin 1% lotion
Clinidamycin 1% topical solution
Erythromycin topical solution (Zineryt topical solution)
■ Topical Retinoids (avoid in pregnancy)
Isotretinoin gel – (Isotrex)
Adapalene cream – (Differin)
Tretinoin – (Retin-A)
■ Topical Retinoid / benzoyl peroxide fixed dose combination
Adapalene 0.1%/ benzoyl peroxide 2.5% (Epiduo)
Start at 2.5% and increase to 5 or 10%
Lotion or gel preparations may reduce irritation
Build slowly to daily use over 2-3 weeks.
If irritation occurs, reduce frequency of application and possibly build up again. If skin becomes excessively dry, add a moisturiser.
Anti-biotic resistance: Please see Trafford Anti-biotic guidance
Use topical retinoids at all stages of acne to help minimise formation of comedones.
Should be applied to entire acne prone area. Build v slowly (2x per week) over 2-3 weeks.
Then up to every other day or once daily (depending on patient). Use in the evening as a thin film, using only one pea shaped amount for the whole face.
(If dryness occurs, stop for 1.5 weeks and then restart at less frequent intervals)
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CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
MODERATE
More extensive inflamed Lesions
Treat as for mild acne for 3 months
■ Systemic antibiotics
Lymecycline 408mg once daily Doxycycline 100mg once daily Oxytetracycline 500mg twice daily Erythromycin 500mg twice daily Minocycline MR100mg once daily NB (Minocycline should be prescribed as last option due to side effect profile) ■ Add topical retinoid for “Combination therapy” if no response to antibiotics alone ■ Consider hormone therapy (females only) alone or systemic antibiotics can be added if response is suboptimal
Cocyprindiol -Ethinyloestradiol /Cyproterone acetate (Dianette)
or
Desogestrel/ethinyloestradiol (Marvelon )- not licensed for acne
Treat for 3 months and reassess Should be > 70% improved Stop at 6 months & continue with topicals Repeat if relapses Use alternative antibiotic if poor response
Lymecycline should be considered 1st line due to cost and compliance (once daily) for patients >12 years old
Minocycline - ANA/LFTs required pre treatment and at 6 months.(can induce Lupus) if treatment extended >6 months ANA/LFTs every 3 months thereafter Treat for 4 - 6 months and reassess. (Slow onset of response).
SEVERE ACNE
Commence systemic therapy and refer for assessment for treatment with oral Isotretinoin (Roaccutane).
Consider starting oral contraceptive pill for female patients of child bearing potential
MAINTENANCE Topical retinoid therapy or topical benzoyl peroxide preparations
For 3-6 months after systemic treatment is completed.
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
The main reason for referring a patient with acne is for oral Isotretinoin treatment. The indications for Isotretinoin treatment are as follows:
Severe nodulo-cystic acne (refer immediately)
Moderate acne that has failed to respond to 2 or more courses of the above treatments.
Mild to moderate acne in patients who have extreme psychological distress despite prolonged courses of systemic antibiotics and topical retinoid/ benzoyl peroxide combination therapy.
Do not refer female patients planning a pregnancy.
Caution patients re sun exposure and photosensitivity as per BNF with all retinoids (topical and oral) and Doxycycline
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Mild
Mild/Moderate
Moderate
Moderate Moderate/Severe
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Rosacea
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Papules on an erythematous background Pustules Telangiectasia Flushing often made worse by alcohol, spicy foods, hot drinks, temperature changes or emotion Rhinophyma –Please see severe section for advice.
Early treatment of rosacea is considered to be important as each exacerbation leads to further skin damage and increases the risk of more advanced disease. Intermittent therapy can be considered for those with very occasional flare-ups. Continuous therapy will be needed if there are frequent recurrences.
Mild to moderate cases or where systemic treatment is contraindicated
■ Topical treatment
Metronidazole 0.75% cream / gel twice daily
Azelaic Acid 15% (Finacea Gel) twice daily
Continue for 6 - 8 weeks and re-assess
Creams for dry/sensitive skin
Gels for normal/oily skin Continue therapy for 6 – 8 weeks – response is usually rapid.
Moderate - Severe
■ Systemic Treatments
Oxytetracycline 500mg twice daily
Lymecycline 408mg once daily (unlicensed for Rosacea)
Doxycycline 50 - 100mg once daily (unlicensed for Rosacea)
Erythromycin 500mg twice daily (not contraindicated in pregnancy)
Minocycline 100mg once daily (unlicensed in Rosacea)
Doxycycline 40 mg Modified Release once daily ( Efracea)
NB Tetracyclines are contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation and renal disease.
NB All drugs apart from Lymecycline can cause photosensitivity.
ANA/LFTs required pre Minocycline and at 6 months. Minocycline can induce Lupus Anti Inflamatory dose. Will not kill bacteria or cause resistance.
Ocular Rosacea Refer to Ophthalmologist - can lead to keratitis and blindness
Advise patient on lid hygiene to manage blepharitis
e.g. hot flannel scrubs twice daily
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CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
■ Doubt over diagnosis
■ Poor response to systemic therapy
■ Severe disease associated with the development of pyoderma faciale
■ Severe Ocular Rosacea with keratitis or uveitis (refer to ophthalmologist) Subtype I: Subtype II: Erythematotelangiectatic (ETR) Papulopustular rosacea (PPR)
Subtype III: Phymatous rosacea
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Telangiectasia with / without rhinophyma
Laser treatments Subject to funding approval from PCT
Patient Counselling
Sun protection
SPF15 worn daily April -September Higher factors if abroad
Reapply 1 - 2 hourly
Sunshine may exacerbate Rosacea
Subtype IV: Ocular rosacea
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Hand Eczema
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Dry Hand Eczema Blistering Hand Eczema (Pompholyx)
Both conditions may also affect feet
Avoidance of irritants eg soaps, shampoos, detergents, use of PVC gloves (Patient Advice Sheet provides further guidance)
All patients should be given soap substitutes and emollients
■Soap substitutes (see emollient appendix)
■Emollients (see emollient appendix)
■Topical Steroids
Moderate to potent strength
■Dry and scaly eczema Betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) ointment twice daily for 4-6 weeks, review and reduce to clobetasone butyrate (Eumovate) 0.05% ointment / cream ■Wet, weeping or blisters/ burst blisters Potassium permanganate soaks 1:10,000 10-15 minutes twice daily for 5 - 7 days
Flucloxacillin 250 mg four times daily for 7 days
Clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream, (Dermovate) twice daily for 2 to 3 weeks. When dry switch to Betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) ointment as per dry eczema
■For severe cases consider Prednisolone 30 mg once daily for 7 days, if patient is unable to complete topical treatments
Other skin conditions can mimic Eczema and should be kept in mind. Examine the skin all over as this can provide clues to other diagnoses e.g. plaques in extensor distribution in psoriasis, scabetic nodules.
An occupational and social history should be taken. The patient may need Patch Tests. If eczema is present on only one hand fungal infection needs to be excluded by taking skin scrapings for mycology.
Dissolve tablet in bucket of water until colour is a light purple.
Nb- If pink then the solution is too dilute.
Cracked/Splits on digits/heels
■Fludroxycortide Tape (Haelan Tape) leave on for at least 12 hours daily
Review at 4-6 weeks
Regular review to ensure treatment is effective.
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
■ If allergic contact dermatitis is suspected – patients may benefit from Patch Testing
■ Patch Tests are of no value in type 1 reactions (e.g. food allergies, anaphylaxis or urticaria).
■ Severe chronic hand dermatitis, which is unresponsive to standard treatment i.e. not significantly improved after 2 weeks
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“Wet” (Blistering and Weeping) “Dry” (Hyperkeratotic and fissured eczma) Splits and cracks “Dry” eczema Lichenfied eczema
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Atopic Eczema
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Atopic eczema is a common disease affecting up to 15% of children and 2 – 10% of adults. If it does not itch, it is unlikely to be eczema. There may also be personal / immediate family history of asthma / hayfever.
Involvement of the face frequently occurs in infants. The characteristic flexural distribution is usually present by the age of 18 months. Realistic treatment aims need to be discussed with the patient and parents/carers
Avoid irritants ■Emollients – see Appendix for emollient products Emollients should be prescribed in all cases. Bath Additives (see appendix) Shower preparations (see appendix)
Soaps and detergents including bubble bath and shower gels should be avoided Choose cotton clothing
Avoid wool next to the skin
Fingernails should be kept short to reduce skin damage from scratching.
Skin should be moisturised at least 4 x per day and best applied when skin is moist but can be applied at other times Aqueous Cream should NOT be used as an emollient; it is a soap substitute only. Ideally avoid in mod/severe Eczema as it can adversely affect skin barrier function. NB Paraffin Products are flammable
CHILDREN Mild - Any site Mild/Moderate -Flexural/Face Moderate – Trunk / Limbs
Severe For moderate or severe eczema with a poor response to standard treatment
■Topical Steroids Hydrocortisone 1% ointment twice daily for 1 week
Hydrocortisone 1% ointment twice daily for 1-2 weeks Clobetasone Butyrate 0.05% ointment twice daily (Eumovate) use 1 - 2 weeks and reduce to hydrocortisone 1% ointment for 2 – 4 weeks Start treatment as for moderate and refer ■Topical Immunodilators - Should only be initiated by physicians with experience in dermatology Pimecrolimus 1% cream twice daily. Tacrolimus 0.03% ointment twice daily for 6 weeks Can use maintenance treatment twice a week
Tips Use body surface area charts to calculate correct quantities
1% Hydrocortisone containing preparations are safe for long term use. 1% Hydrocortisone is the only mild potency steroid Tacrolimus is very useful on the face, neck and flexures where potent steroids are contraindicated Burning and irritation may occur and wears off within 7 – 10 days Avoid in presence of viral infection eg herpes simplex
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CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
ADULTS Mild – any site
Moderate – Trunk / limbs Moderate – Face / Flexures Severe – Trunk / limbs Severe – Face For eczema of any severity with a poor response to standard treatment Moderate to severe Mild to moderate
Treatment as for children. See above Betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) ointment - use 2-4 weeks, review and reduce to clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) ointment
Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) ointment - use 2-4 weeks, review and reduce to Hydrocortisone 1% Clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment (Dermovate) twice daily for 2 – 4 weeks, review and reduce to clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) ointment As for moderate Tapering Prednisolone 30mg once daily for 1 week, reducing by 5mg per week (total 6 weeks course) where topical treatments are not suitable ■Topical Immunodilators Should only be initiated by physicians with experience in dermatology Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment twice daily for 3 weeks then Tacrolimus 0.03% ointment twice daily until clearance Pimecrolimus 1% cream
Creams are preferable in flexural sites Ointment are preferable elsewhere An ultra potent topical steroid DO NOT prescribe more than one course per year
Eczema Infected Eczema
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CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS Infected Eczema
Suspect infection if: Poor response to topical steroid treatment Weepy, crusting, bleeding Sudden flare
Use topical steroid strength appropriate to site and severity of eczema
1% Hydrocortisone containing preparations
Hydrocortisone 1% Clotrimazole (Canestan HC) Hydrocortisone 1% Miconazole nitrate (Daktacort) Hydrocortisone 1% fusidic acid (Fucidin H)
Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% containing preparations (Trimovate cream)
Betamethasone valerate 0.1% containing preparations Betamethasone valerate 0.1% + Clioquinol 3% (Betnovate C) Betamethasone valerate 0.1% + Neomycin sulphate 0.5% (Betnovate N) Betamethasone valerate 0.1% + Fusidic acid 2% (Fucibet) If extensive or severe infection - ADD oral antibiotics Flucloxacillin 500mg four times daily x 14 days or Children over 2 yrs 250mg four times daily x 14 days Erythromycin 500mg four times daily x 14 days Clarithromycin 500mg twice daily If recurrent infections occur, take nasal swabs from family members and if positive, eradicate nasal carriage of Staphylcoccus Aureus using: Naseptin twice daily for 10 days Bactroban nasal twice daily for 5 days
Take nasal swabs from patient and family: Commonest pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes
■Bandaging
Zinc paste bandages (Zipzoc) on the limbs used alone or over topical corticosteroids can result in rapid improvement of lichenified eczema
Bandaging techniques may be demonstrated by a suitably trained nurse or nurse specialist
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CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Allergies and allergy testing Keep dust down and in severe cases try protective coverings to pillows and bedding Consider exclusion diets only in difficult cases and abandon if no improvement apparent after 2 wks
House dust mites can aggravate eczema in some children. No tests are available to confirm or refute food allergy as a cause of worsening eczema. RAST tests and skin prick tests are not helpful. Patch testing is useful if patients report irritation with topical preparations. Food allergies, especially to eggs and dairy products only occasionally cause worsening of eczema. Dietetic advice is required if exclusion diets are used for more than 2-4 weeks. The commonest manifestation of food allergy is urticaria not eczema.
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL - SPECIALIST NURSE CLINICS (Community Nurse Eczema Teams-See Contacts Page)
■ Known cases of eczema for:
■ Patient education / advice
■ Review of treatment
■ To learn techniques eg. Zinc based paste bandages etc
CRITERIA FOR A REFERRAL- DERMATOLOGY
■ Only cases of severe or difficult eczema usually need to see a Dermatologist
■ For consideration of second line treatment e.g. phototherapy or cytotoxic drugs
■ Eczema herpeticum
■ If allergic contact dermatitis is suspected
■ For in-patient treatment
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Topical preparations – quantities General notes on prescribing dermatology products for patients The BNF recommended quantities of EMOLLIENTS to be given to ADULTS for twice daily application for one week are:
EMOLLIENTS/TWICE DAILY
EMOLLIENTS/TWICE DAILY
LOTIONS
Face 15 – 30g 100ml Both hands 25 - 50g 200ml Scalp 50 - 100g 200ml Both arms or both legs 100 - 200g 200ml Trunk 400g 500ml Groin and genitalia 15 - 25g 100ml
NB In some cases emollients will be required 4 - 6 times daily and quantities should be increased accordingly Patients with eczema should be prescribed 500- 1000g emollients a week. The recommended quantities of STEROIDS to be given to ADULTS for twice daily applications for one week are:
STEROIDS/TWICE DAILY CREAMS & OINTMENTS
Face 15 - 30g Both hands 15 - 30g Scalp 15 - 30g Both arms 30 - 60g Both legs 100g Trunk 100g Groin and genitalia 15 - 30g
Prescribing topical steroids for children Children, especially babies, are particularly susceptible to side effects. The more potent steroids are contra-indicated in infants less than one year, and in general should be avoided or used with great care for short periods
Topical Steroid Ladder Ultra potent eg Dermovate/Nerisone Forte Potent eg Betamethasone/Elocon/Synalar Moderate eg Eumovate Mild eg Hydrocortisone 1%
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How much topical treatment? How much to apply?
How much to prescribe (extensive body rash) Children - dose depends on PROPORTIONAL SURFACE AREA (ref 2)
% ADULT DOSE DAILY (B.D. USE) WEEKLY (B.D. USE)
Adult 100% 35.0g 245g 12yrs 75% 26.5g 183g 3-4yrs 50% 17.5g 122g Infant 25% 8.7g 61g
AGE
3-6 MTHS
1-2 YRS
3-5 YRS
6-10 YRS
Face & Neck
1 1 ½ 1 ½ 2
Arm & Hand
1 1 ½ 2 2 ½
Leg & Foot
1 ½ 2 3 4 ½
Trunk (front)
1 2 3 3 ½
Trunk (back)
1 ½ 3 3 ½ 5
Skin Care Advice for Patients with Hand Eczema / Dermatitis
Application of Treatment
Apply prescribed steroid cream / ointments generously twice a day until much improved, then daily
Use moisturisers to soften the skin frequently (at least twice daily)
Use soap substitute (aqueous cream or emulsifying ointment) to wash
Hand washing
Use lukewarm water and a soap substitute to wash. Rinse thoroughly and dry hands carefully. Apply a moisturiser afterwards.
Washing up
Avoid skin contact with detergents, polishes, solvents (white spirit) and cleansers (eg Swarfega)
Always wear gloves and use long handled brushes for washing pans
Wear cotton gloves inside rubber or PVC gloves for increased comfort
Housework
Wear cotton gloves for dry jobs such as polishing and rubber / PVC gloves for wet work
Cooking
Avoid direct contact with lemons, oranges, grapefruits, garlic etc and raw meat and fish
Shampooing Hair
Wear gloves and avoid direct contact with shampoos and hair care products
Skin protection and cold weather
Use plenty of moisturising creams and wear gloves to avoid drying and chapping of skin
REMEMBER
Hand care should be continued after the skin appears normal because the resistance of the skin to soaps and detergents is low for up to six months after the skin has healed and looks normal
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Varicose Eczema CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Varicose eczema commonly co-exists with varicose ulcers
All patients need
■Emollients – see emollient appendix
■Soap substitutes - see emollient appendix
■Topical steroids – see below
Below knee compression stockings
These should only be worn during the day time. Available in Class I, II, III dependent upon severity – usually start with Class I stockings
Mild Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) twice daily
Moderate - Severe or ‘Discoid’ eczema
Betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate) twice daily, use 2 - 4 weeks then reduce to lowest effective strength
↓ Betamethaone valerate 0.025% (Betnovate RD) twice daily
↓
1% Hydrocortisone ointment twice daily
Infection Wet, weeping or Blisters
Burst blisters Potassium permanganate soaks 1:10,000 for 10-15 minutes twice a day Substitute - Steroid-antibiotic preparations – as for infected eczema
Dissolve tablet in bucket of water until colour is a light purple.
Nb- If pink then the solution is too dilute.
Use creams if wet/ weeping
Use ointment if dry/scaly. See section on hand dermatitis
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Wet/weepy infected eczema and ulcers Dry/scaly eczema and ulcers
Blisters/weeping eczema Dry/scaly eczema and ulcers
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Severe infection
Treatment as for infected eczema Take skin swabs for culture and sensitivity
Cellulitis Oral Antibiotics Flucloxacillin 500mg four times daily for 7 to 14 days Clarithromycin 500mg twice daily for 7 – 14 days and review regularly
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL Acquired allergic sensitivity to topical medicants (ie allergic contact dermatitis) is a common cause of failure to respond to treatment. Refer patients who fail to respond to standard treatment. Refer urgently to medical team for rapidly extending cellulitis
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Seborrhoeic Dermatitis CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Very common chronic dermatosis, characterised by redness and scaling affecting areas where sebaceous glands are most active i.e scalp, face, presternal area + body flexures. Newborns can present with cradle cap. Infants with cradle cap Infants - face and body Older children and adults – face Eyelids Scalp Pre-sternal area/flexures
Olive oil/emulsifying ointment under cap to soften scales and wash off with baby shampoo. Then apply Hydrocortisone 1% cream 1) Hydrocortisone 1% cream twice daily for 5– 7 days 2) Hydrocortisone 1% with miconazole nitrate 2% (Daktacort) cream – Twice daily for 5 -7 days. 3) Hydrocortisone 1% with clomitrazole 1% (Canestan hc) cream – Twice daily for 5 -7 days. 1) Hydrocortisone 1% cream twice daily 2) Hydrocortisone 1% with miconazole nitrate 2% (Daktacort) cream – Twice daily for 5 -7 days. 3) Hydrocortisone 1% with clomitrazole 1% (Canestan HC) cream – Twice daily for 5 -7 days. 4) Ketoconazole 2% cream twice daily 5) Clobetasone Butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) cream twice daily ■Wash with diluted baby shampoo and rub vigorously with a warm flannel ■Tar based or anti-fungal shampoo eg. Ketoconazole/capasal shampoo once or twice a week ■Ketoconazole 2% cream twice daily Clobetasone Butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate) cream twice daily ■Steroid sparing treatments:- 1) pimecrolimus 1% cream twice daily 2) tacrolimus 0.03% or 0.1% ointment twice daily 3) pulsed itraconazole 200mg twice daily for 7 days
Occlude with cap for 2-3 hours Treat for 7 – 10 days
Consider these if using topical steroids frequently Usually improves with sunlight Consider HIV status in young patients presenting with severe rapid onset of symptoms
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
1. Failed suggested treatments 2. Persistent or frequent episodes 3. Uncertainty in diagnosis
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Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
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Psoriasis Acknowledgements to Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
TRUNK & LIMBS Mild to moderate Pink plaques with silvery white scales, commonest sites are elbows and knees. Aggravated by stress and infections. Improves with sunlight
TRUNK & LIMBS Severe
■Emollients for all patients Plus
Calcipotriol & betamethasone (Dovobet) gel / ointment once daily ■Vitamin D analogues e.g Calcipotriol 50 µg/g (generic or Dovonex) Calcitriol 3µg/g (Silkis) twice daily Tacalcitol 4 µg/g (Curatoderm) once daily ■Coal Tar Preparations Exorex Lotion twice or three times daily Or Alphosyl HC twice daily Start Calcipotriol & betamethasone (Dovobet) Ointment , once daily and REFER to secondary care
Licensed for 18 and over Calcipotriol is licensed for 6 yrs and over
Calcitriol is licensed for 12yrs and over.
Tacalcitol is licensed for 12yrs and over Vitamin D preparations can cause skin irritation Vit D Analogues should be avoided in those with calcium metabolism disorders as they can cause hypercalcaemia Coal tar products are not to be used on broken/highly inflamed skin, sore /acute pustular psoriasis or infected skin Licensed for 18 yrs and over.
Plaque Psoriasis (limbs)
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Flexural Psoriasis (Breast fold) Psoriasis hairline
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
FLEXURES & GENITALIA
■Emollients for all patients plus Clotrimazole Cream 1%+ Hydrocortisone 1%, (Canestan HC) cream twice daily. Miconazole Nitrate Hydrocortisone (Daktacort) cream twice daily 1% Hydrocortisone cream Calcitriol (Silkis) twice daily Or Tacalcitol (Curatoderm) once daily (unlicensed indication) If no improvement: Clobetasone, nystatin.(Trimovate) cream twice daily for 1-2 weeks Or Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment for 2 -4 weeks. (Unlicensed indication)
Try one preparation for two weeks See above therapeutic tips regarding Vitamin D analogues
FACE & HAIRLINE ■Emollients for all patients plus Clobetasone butyrate, (Eumovate) twice daily. 1% Hydrocortisone twice daily. Miconazole Nitrate Hydrocortisone, (Daktacort) twice daily. Clotrimazole Cream 1% + Hyrocortizone 1%, (Canesten HC) cream twice daily. Or Calcitriol (Silkis) twice daily Tacalcitol (Curatoderm) once daily Tacrolimus 0.1% or 0.3% ( Unlicensed indication)
Step down from moderately potent steroid once controlled to either mild steroid or vitamin D analogue Try one preparation for up to 2 weeks Silkis is licensed for eyelids with caution
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CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Scalp Psoriasis Mild
■Shampoos: Polytar, Alphosyl 2:1, Ceanel, Capasal, Nizoral, T-Gel
Always check patient preference to smell colour and application to ensure maximum compliance.
Moderate
Calcipotriol & betamethasone (Dovobet gel) once daily for 4 weeks Betamethasone diprop 0.05% + Salicylic acid 2% application (Diprosalic) twice daily. Or Fluocinolone acetonide 0.025% (Synalar gel) twice daily. Clobetasol Proprionate 500mg Shampoo. (Etrivex) Apply for 15 minutes, once daily for 4 weeks Betnovate scalp solution twice daily
Apply to affected areas daily for 4 weeks. Apply to dry hair leave in overnight. To remove; apply shampoo to dry hair, then wait a few minutes before washing as normal. Repeat shampoo as needed. After 15 minutes contact, add warm water to wash hair. Then rinse out as normal shampoo.
Severe
Sebco to be applied every night for 7 days to descale and then treat with dovobet/ synalar gel Continue gel preparations as above thereafter
Add occlusion shower cap if required Plus a shampoo of choice
Palmar Plantar
■Emollients for all patients plus Calcipotriol & betamethasone (Dovobet) once daily Diprosalic ointment twice daily Betnovate ointment twice daily
Try one treatment for 2-4 weeks then review If no improvement include plastic occlusion overnight, i.e plastic gloves /cling film
Scalp Psoriasis
Page | 25
Patient Review For each area – initial treatment period of 4 weeks, then review as required Check compliance / amount of treatment used etc
Improvement If clear, stop treatment, if improved go to maintenance therapy i.e. initial treatment for mild/moderate disease Review every 8 weeks or as and when needed Improvement
No Improvement Change topical treatments as per protocol Try treatments for a further 4 weeks with review Refer to Specialist Services ■ Erythroderma ■ Extensive >20% body surface area with disabling psoriasis ■ Failure to respond to treatment ■ Unstable/rapidly extending psoriasis
Page | 26
Urticaria and Angioedema CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Recurrent itchy wheals which resolve within 24 hours
Reassure the patient that it is benign and usually self-limiting.
Minimise: Overheating Stress The following drugs are associated with Urticaria:- aspirin,codeine, morphine, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors and penicillin. Exclude: C1esterase Inhibitor Deficiency by blood test (if angioedema is the only sign) Insect bites
■Antihistamines Non-sedating – start with once daily dose and can increase to twice daily if required.
Should be used as required for sporadic attacks
If there is no response after six weeks, double the dose or try a second and then a third agent.
If sleep is disturbed, add a sedative antihistamine at night.
Prick tests, RAST tests and Patch tests are of no value in urticaria.
The cause of food allergy is usually obvious from the history.
Contact urticaria is rare and the cause is obvious from the history.
Urticaria may follow non-specific infections, hepatitis, streptococcal infections, campylobacter and parasitic infestations.
Rarely it may be a symptom of an underlying systemic disease such as thyroid disease or connective tissue disease eg Lupus.
Summary of non-sedating and low-sedating antihistamines
NAME DRUG INTERACTIONS COMMENTS
Cetirizine ■ None Minimally sedating. Halve the dose in renal impairment.
Loratidine
■ None Avoid in pregnancy
Acrivastine ■ None Short acting. Avoid in renal impairment and pregnancy
Fexofenadine ■ None Avoid in pregnancy
More sedating antihistamines
NAME DRUG INTERACTIONS COMMENTS
Hydroxyzine
Yes Sedative
Chlorpheniramine maleate Yes Ok in pregnancy
Urticaria
Page | 27
Generalised Pruritus
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Dry skin, low grade eczema and scabies are the commonest cause of generalised pruritus.
A full history and skin examination are required.
Standard emollients and soap substitutes – see appendix Crotamiton or Crotamiton combined with hydrocortisone cream (Eurax HC) twice daily / as needed to pruritic areas. 1% Menthol in aqueous cream as often as necessary to pruritic areas. If symptoms are still uncontrolled consider: sedating antihistamines (nocte) Hydroxyzine 25-75mg or 10-30mg (elderly) Chlorpheniramine Maleate 2 - 4 mg
If NO RASH can be seen other than excoriations consider the following: Iron deficiency anaemia Low serum iron Uraemia Obstructive jaundice Thyroid disease Lymphoma, especially in young adults Carcinoma, especially in middle age and elderly Psychological Investigations: FBC ESR Urea and electrolytes LFTs Thyroid function tests Iron studies Fe/TIBC/Ferritin Chest X-ray NB Pruritus may occasionally predate a lymphoma by several years. Regular follow-up is indicated for patients whose itching is unexplained.
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
Patients may be referred if:
■ Diagnosis uncertain ■ Persistent symptoms not responding to topical treatments.
Page | 28
Viral warts CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Viral warts/verrucae There is no cure, can only clear > 70% resolve spontaneously in 2 years. Plantar warts are more persistent. Topical treatment is as effective as cryotherapy for hand warts.
■Topical keratolytics Hand warts Use high concentrations of salicyclic acid. Use once daily for up to 3 months ■Adults e.g. Occlusal (25% Salicylic acid) ■Children e.g. Duofilm (16.7% Salicylic Acid) Salactol (16.7% Salicylic Acid)
■Plantar warts Verrugon (50% Salicylic Acid) ■Cryotherapy Freeze times Face 5 - 7 seconds Hands 10 - 12 seconds Feet 1st freeze 15 seconds Thaw 1 - 2 minutes 2nd freeze 10 - 15 seconds
File warts daily before applying a fresh coat of paint solution Up to 6 treatments 3-4 weeks apart.
Plane warts (face/ hands) No treatment or trial of Tretinoin 0.025% cream/gel for 4 weeks (NB- unlicensed for this use)
Plane warts are notoriously resistant to treatment and usually get worse with cryotherapy/destructive treatments as a result of the Koebner Phenomenon
Filiform warts (face/ eyelids) Cryotherapy Curettage & cautery
Avoid topical keratolytics which are too irritant for use on the face
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL In general patients with viral warts/verrucae should not be referred; Patients may be referred if:
■ Severe disabling warts despite six months of topical salicylic acid treatment + cryotherapy.
■ Significant warts or mollusca in immunocompromised patients
■ Atypical appearance, difficult anatomical sites
■ It is unkind to treat very young children (< 10 yrs) with cryotherapy for warts
Page | 29
Viral Warts
Mosaic Warts on heal
Treatment Regime for Warts Soak – pare – paint
Warts are caused by a viral infection. There is no ideal treatment for warts but approximately 70% will clear within three months if treated with a wart paint and pumice stone. If left untreated, 70% warts will clear within two years.
Instructions
Soak the affected area in warm water (or bath) for 10 minutes
Rub down hard skin with a pumice stone or emery board
Apply wart paint and allow to dry
Repeat steps 1-3 each evening on each wart
Do not stop the treatment until one week after you think the wart is gone. If the wart starts to come back, then start treating again.
Page | 31
Molluscum Contagiosum
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Most lesions spontaneously resolve in 6 - 12 months.
Resolution is often preceded by inflammation, swelling and crusting. Patchy dry skin surrounding molluscum contagiosum is common.
■No Treatment OR ■Trial of hydrogen peroxide 1% cream (Crystacide) twice daily for 3 weeks (unlicensed use) Treat complications: ■Infection Topical fusidic acid cream ■Eczema Treat dry skin (if necessary) with emollients (see appendix) Mild topical steroids eg Hydrocortisone 1% Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy is very poorly tolerated by very young children < 10 years. Risk of permanent scar/ pigmentation changes with cryotherapy
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
In general patients with Molluscum contagiosum should not be referred. Patients may be referred if: ■ Age >10, persistent lesions >2 years
■ Facial lesions
■ Giant molluscum
■ Immunocompromised
Page | 32
Molluscum contagioscum
Giant molluscum Molluscum with dry skin
Page | 33
Scabies CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Human scabies is an infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Mites are transmitted from one person to another by close physical contact (in a warm atmosphere) eg. sharing a bed, children playing with each other or young people holding hands. An individual who has never had scabies before may not develop itching or a rash until 1 - 3 months after becoming infested. There are burrows on non hair bearing skin e.g. palms/ soles /wrists /ankles /sides of feet and often a widespread eczematous rash (sparing face in older children and adults) There may be inflammatory nodules on male genitalia, peri-areola areas, axilla/groin especially in long standing cases or impetiginisation due to secondary infection with Staph Aureus
Treat when there is a strong clinical suspicion of infestation. Apply either: Malathion 0.5% Aqueous solution (Derbac-M) (apply with a paintbrush) Or Permethrin 5% (Lyclear Dermal cream) Malathion should be left on the skin for 24 hours and Permethrin for 8 - 12 hours. Repeat treatment in 7 days Treat residual rash/itch with: Crotamiton/ hydrocortisone (Eurax HC) For impetiginised rash: Betamethasone ointment 0.025% twice daily +/- Flucloxacillin 250mg 4 times daily for 7 - 10 days Inflammatory nodules settle spontaneously though this can take months
It is essential that all members of the household and any other close social contacts of an infested person should receive treatment at the same time as the patient. All skin below the chin must be treated including the web spaces of the fingers/ toes, under the nails and all body folds. Remind patients to re-apply the scabicide after washing their hands.
Disinfestation of clothing and bedding other than by ordinary laundering is not necessary. Mites are killed within 24 hrs but the pruritus and rash may take 3 - 6 weeks to settle. Do not allow repeated use of scabicides to pruritic areas as this may irritate the skin.
Page | 34
Scabies Scabies
Instructions for Patients with Scabies
Scabies is a skin disease caused by microscopic mites, which burrow into the skin. They are passed from person to person by close physical contact.
For the first couple of weeks following infestation, the mites may cause no symptoms but the body then develops an allergic reaction to the mites and an itch rash appears. Because it takes some time for symptoms to appear an individual is capable of passing on the mite to someone else before they know that they have the condition. For this reason all household contacts and close friends of a person with scabies should be treated, even if they have no symptoms.
Scabies is NOT due to poor hygiene. Infestation with the scabies mite is not transmitted by clothing, bedding, toilet seats etc and there is no need for any special cleaning of these.
Instructions
Apply a thin layer of lotion or cream to every body surface from the chin downwards. Ensure that all nooks and crannies of the body, especially between the fingers and toes, underneath the nails and the genital area are adequately treated.
Leave the lotion or cream on the skin overnight before washing. If the hands or other areas are washed sooner than this, reapply the lotion or cream to these sites.
Repeat treatment after 7 days.
IMPORTANT
The treatment will kill all the mites. The mites do not survive in bedding etc and it is not necessary to treat these separately. Itching may persist for 4-6 weeks after treatment and is managed with mild topical steroid creams and antihistamines by mouth.
Do not continue using the lotion or cream, unless advised.
The body does not acquire immunity to scabies infestation and treatment does not prevent another attack. It is therefore very important that all close contacts are treated at the same time.
Page | 36
Onychodystrophy (Thickened and Dystrophic nails) CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
The thickness of nail plates is normally 0.5mm; this increases in manual workers and in certain disease states including: ■Onychomycosis (fungal / yeast infection) ■Psoriasis ■Chronic Eczema ■Lichen Planus ■Alopecia areata ■Norwegian scabies ■Darier’s Disease ■Old age ■Trauma e.g. from footwear ■Congenital ichthyosis
If mycology is positive and dystrophy does not extend to nail matrix (Distal Onychomycosis) use: Amorolfine (Loceryl) lacquer once weekly continued for 6 - 12 months. (trim and file down nails prior to application) Topical Amorolfine can be used alongside systemic treatment.
■Alternatively oral treatment for Fungal Infections; Terbinafine 250mg once daily 12-16 weeks for toenails, 6 - 12 weeks for fingernails Itraconazole (200mg twice daily for 7 days) repeated monthly 3 cycles for toenails, 2 for fingernails) or 200mg once daily for 8 - 12 weeks For Yeast Infections Itraconazole (regime as above)
NB Asymptomatic patients may be advised to ‘leave well alone’ Examine all nails and all of the skin. Ask patient to grow nails to provide viable samples (large nail clippings including scrapings of thickened crumbly material from the underside of the nail if present) for mycology. (Nb-Poor samples = false negatives) Cultures take up to 6 weeks. If negative mycology, arrange for regular chiropody to keep nails short and offer a trial of treatment LFTs required every 6 weeks with Terbinafine Terbinafine is not effective for yeast infections. Caution: Itranconazole – drug interactions
Page | 37
Fungal nail
Page | 38
Actinic/Solar keratosis
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Solar keratoses Also known as actinic keratoses, usually multiple, flat, pale or reddish-brown lesions with a dry adherent scale.
Evidence suggests that the annual incidence of transformation from solar keratoses to SCC is less than 0.1%. The risk is higher in immunocompromised patients. IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO REFER ALL PATIENTS WITH SOLAR KERATOSES.
Topical Diclofenac Sodium (Solaraze) Apply twice daily to maximum of 10 lesions, for 12 weeks. 0.5% Fluorouracil & 10% Salicylic acid (Actikerall)- for superficial lesions only Applied daily to maximum of 10 lesions for 12weeks. Topical Fluorouracil 5% (Efudix) cream Apply sparingly once or twice daily for 2 - 4 weeks. Cryotherapy Freeze for 10 - 15 seconds each Preventative measures SP15 (Sunblock) April -September Apply to exposed areas (face, neck, hands) Hat with 3 inch brim for sunny days.
Solaraze will produce much less inflammation than Efudix. Solaraze is less effective than Efudix for thicker lesions.
Efudix is a treatment for multiple, ill-defined solar keratoses. It is safe, efficacious, with little systemic absorption. Stop treatment once marked inflammation occurs. The patient must be warned to expect this. Inflammation will settle over the next few weeks. Hydrocortisone 1% cream can be used to treat inflammation Optimum effect 1 month post treatment.
AK (scalp) AK (nose) AK (leg)
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL –(Lesions which have not responded to above treatment options)
■ If there is suspicion of malignancy
■ If the lesions have not responded to treatment
■ If the individual is on immunosuppressant’s (e.g. post renal transplant)
Page | 39
Seborrhoeic Keratosis/Basal Cell Papilloma CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Common benign warty lesions of variable size and pigmentation with a characteristic ‘stuck on’ appearance. Usually appear after age 30. Can be hereditary. They have no malignant potential.
1) No treatment – the majority of lesions do not require treatment. 2) Cryotherapy – suitable for small troublesome lesions 3) Curettage & cautery – only for large troublesome lesions
CRITERIA FOR REFERRAL
Large troublesome lesions on difficult anatomical sites Diagnostic uncertainty Seborrhoeic Keratosis
Seborrhoeic Keratosis
Page | 40
Skin Cancer
CLINICAL FEATURES TREATMENT THERAPEUTIC TIPS
Basal cell carcinoma
Common slow growing and locally invasive tumours. Most are easily recognised with a pearly rolled edge and later central ulceration.
Pigmented and morphoeic (scar- like, poorly defined) BCCs are less common.
They are best managed by:
1) Excision Biopsy
OR
2) Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy may be the preferred option but in frail, elderly patients, MOHS surgery is the best option for removing BCCs from difficult facial sites eg nose, lips. BCC does not require a HSC 205 referral
Squamous cell carcinoma Much less common. They may be slow growing, well differentiated, keratinising or rapidly enlarging, poorly differentiated tumours. Up to 5% may metastasise to regional lymph nodes.
Lesions with a high index of suspicion, especially if rapidly growing should be referred using the Skin Cancer proforma (HSC 205).
Referrals should be directed to Dermatology or Plastics not General Surgery.
Referrals through fax or choose and book should be within 24 hours and the patients will be seen within two weeks.
Malignant melanoma This is the most dangerous skin malignancy. Early detection and Treatment is vital for optimizing outcome. Melanoma subtypes ■ Superficial spreading ■ Nodular ■ Amelanotic ■ Lentigo Maligna ■ Acral lentiginous and Subungual
All suspicious moles must be referred using the Skin Cancer pro forma (HSC 205) and will be seen within two weeks. Any lesion felt to be highly suspicious of melanoma will either be excised on the day of attendance or within 1 – 2 weeks
Page | 41
CRITERIA FOR PIGMENTED LESION REFERRAL
The following seven point checklist may be useful in deciding whether to refer a changing pigmented lesion. Refer if at least one major or two minor criteria present. Major features ■ Change in size ■ Change in colour (variability of pigmentation) ■ Change in shape (irregularity of edge) Minor features ■ Size > 6mm diameter ■ Inflammation ■ Bleeding/crusting ■ Itch
Page | 42
Patient Support Groups
The Acne Academy Dermatology Department, Harrogate & District Foundation Trust Lancaster Park Road, Harrogate HG2 7SX, North Yorkshire Tel. 01707 226023 www.acneacademy.org
National Eczema Society
Hill House, Highgate Hill London N9 5NA Tel: 020 7281 3553 Eczema Information Line: 0870 241 3604 (Mon - Fri 9 - 5pm) www.eczema.org
British Allergy Foundation
Muriel A Simmons Deepdene House, 30 Bellegrove Road Welling , Kent DA16 3PY Tel: 020 8303 8525 Helpline: 020 8303 8583 (Mon-Fri 9 - 5pm) www.allergy.baf.com
Hairline International Ms Elizabeth Steel Lyons Court, 1668 High Street Knowle, West Midlands B93 0LY Tel: 01564 775281 • Fax: 01564 782270 www.hairlineinternational.com
The Psoriasis Association Milton House Milton Street Northampton NN2 7JG Tel: 01604 711129 • Fax: 01604 792894
Raynaud’s & Scleroderma Association Trust 112 Crewe Road Alsager, Cheshire ST7 2JA Tel: 01270 872776 • Fax: 01270 883556 www.raynauds.demon.co.uk
Herpes Viruses Association (SPHERE) And Shingles Support Society Miss Marion Nicholson, Director 41 North Road, London N7 9DP Tel: 020 7607 9661 (office and Minicom) Helpline: 020 7609 9061 www.astrabis.co.uk/sites/herpesviruses/ default.htm
Changing Faces 1 & 2 Junction Mews Paddington, London W2 1PN Tel: 020 7706 4232 Fax: 020 7706 4234 www.changingfaces.co.uk
Cancer BACUP 3 Bath Place, Rivington Street London EC2A 3DR Tel: Freephone 0808 800 1234 (9am - 7pm) Fax: 020 7696 9002 www.cancerbacup.org.uk
The Vitiligo Society 125 Kennington Road London SE11 6SF Tel: Freephone 0800 018 2631 Fax: 020 7840 0866 www.vitiligosociety.org.uk
Page | 43
Emollient Appendix
Product type
Product names Price Product names (with urea)
Price Products with antiseptic
Price
Non-proprietary emolients
Emulsifying oinment, BP £2.03/500g n/a n/a
Hydrous ointment, BP* £3.29/500g
Liquid and White Soft Paraffin Ointment, NPF
£6.09/500g
Paraffin, White Soft, BP £2.47/500g
Paraffin, Yellow Soft, BP £2.80/500g
Proprietary creams
Aquamol ® £6.40/500g pump £1.22/50g
Aquadrate® £4.37/100g Dermol®
£6.63/500g pump £2.86/100g
Aveeno®§ £6.80/300ml pump £3.97/100ml
Balneum® Cream
£9.80/500g £2.80/50g
Cetraben® £11.11/1050g pump £5.61/500g pump £2.88/150g pump £1.17/50g pump
Balneum® Plus† £14.99/500g pump £3.29/100g
Diprobase® £6.32/500g pump £1.28/50g
Calmurid®
(urea+ lactic acid) £27.42/500g £5.70/100g
E45®*(first choice option) £4.89/500g pump £4.46/350g £2.55/125g £1.40/50g
E45® Itch Relief Cream†
£14.99/500g pump £3.47/100g £2.55/50g
Epaderm ® £6.62/500g pump £1.62/50g pump
Eucerin® Intensive
£7.15/100ml
Hydromol Cream® £12.60/500g £3.80/100g £2.04/50g
Nutraplus® £4.37/100g
Linola® Gamma‡ £8.20/250g £2.83/50g
Lipobase® £2.08/50g
Neutrogena® £3.77/100g
Oilatum (first choice option)& Oilatum Junior(fragrance free)®
£9.98/1050ml pump £4.99/500ml pump £2.46/150g £1.30/40g
QV® £11.60/1050g £5.60/500 £1.95/100g
Page | 44
Product type
Product names
Price Products with urea
Price Products with antiseptic
Price
Proprietary creams (continued)
Ultrabase® £9.72/500g pump £1.14/50g
Unguentum M
®
£8.48/500g £5.50/200ml pump £2.78/100g £1.41/50g
Zerobase® £5.26/500g pump £1.04/50g
Zerocream ®
(first choice option)
£4.08/500g pump £1.17/50g
Zeroguent ® £6.99/500g £2.33/100g
Proprietary ointments
Diprobase® £1.28/50g n/a n/a
Epaderm® £11.82/1000g £6.42/500g
£3.78/125g
Hydromol Ointment
®
£8.96/1000g £4.82/500g £2.84/125g
Kamillosan®
£2.81/50g
Proprietary gels, lotions, and sprays
Aveeno®
lotion§
£6.42/400ml Eucerin®
Intensive lotion
£7.93/250ml Dermol® 500
lotion £6.04/500ml
Dermamist®
spray application
£5.97/250ml
Doublebase® gel
£5.83/500g £2.65/100g
E45®
lotion*§ (first
choice option)
£4.50/500ml pump £2.40/200ml
Emollin® £6.05/240ml £3.78/150ml
QV® lotion £5.00/500ml £3.00/250ml
Non propietary and Proprietary washes and bath and shower additives
Aqueous cream, BP(non proprietary)
£1.57/500g £1.08/100g n/a n/a
Aveeno®
bath oil§
£4.28/250ml Dermol® 200
shower emollient
£3.55/200ml
Aveeno Colloidal
®
bath additive
§
£7.33/10x50g sachets £4.39/10x15g sachets (baby)
Dermol® 600
bath emollient £7.55/600ml
Balneum®
bath oil £10.39/1000ml £5.38/500ml £2.48/200ml
Emulsiderm®
liquid emulsion
£12.00/1000ml £3.85/300ml
Balneum®
Plus Bath Oil
†
£6.66/500ml Oilatum Plus bath addtive
®
£6.98/500ml
Page | 45
Product type
Product names Price Products with urea
Price Products with antiseptic
Price
Proprietary washes and bath and shower additives (continued)
Cetraben® emollient bath additive
£5.25/500ml
Dermalo® bath emollient
£3.60/500ml
Doublebase® emollient shower gel (first choice option)
£5.21/200g
Diprobath® bath additive
£5.70/500ml
E45® emollient bath oil§
£5.11/500ml £3.19/250ml
E45® emollient wash cream§ (first choice option)
£3.19/250ml
Hydromol Emollient® bath additive (first choice option)
£8.19/1000ml £4.11/500ml £3.61/350ml
Imuderm® bath oil £3.75/250ml
Oilatum® emollient bath additive*(first choice option)
£4.57/500ml £2.75/250ml
Oilatum® Junior emollient bath additive
£5.89/600ml £5.10/300ml £3.25/250ml £2.82/150ml
Oilatum® shower emollient (gel) (first choice option)
£5.15/150g
QV® bath oil £4.50/500ml £2.20/200ml
QV® wash £2.50/200ml
n/a — Not available.
* Contains lanolin or lanolin derivatives.
† Contains lauromacrogols.
‡ Contains Evening Primrose oil.
§ Advisory Committee on Borderline Substances (ACBS) — state this on FP10 form.
Prices correct as of October 2011