“TOWARDS ACHIEVING MULTIMODALINTEGRATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSFOR SEAMLESS MOVEMENT OF PASSENGERS -

CASE STUDY OF HYDERABAD CITY”

Sagar PatniDr. Vidya V. Ghuge

Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology

Structure of the Presentation1. Introduction.

2. Case Study:- Hyderabad city.

3. Existing Transportation scenario.

4. Primary Surveys.

5. Location of Primary Surveys.

6. Bus Passenger & Rail Passenger Survey results.

7. Origin and Destination Survey result.

8. Issues Identified and Recommendations.

9. Multimodal Integration of transportation systems.

10. Modifying existing APSRTC bus routes.

11. Dedicated Feeder bus services for MMTS stations.

12. Effective use of Information Technology.

13. Proposed funding mechanism.

14. Conclusion.

15. References.

1

In Indian context, urbanization is mainly an outcome of economic growth. As long as cities remain

engines of growth they will continue sprawling. It has been observed that economic growth and associated

migration often leads to overburdening of the existing transportation infrastructure of the cities.

The current transportation scenario of Indian cities is primarily characterized by urban sprawl, declining

modal share of public transport, increased vehicular growth and road fatalities. (Source:-12th Five Year Plan)

The share of personal modes especially of two wheelers has gone up at the rate of 12% per annum in the

past two decades, while public transport has generally dwindled (Source:- MOUD study 2008)

The declining share of public transportation reflects its unattractiveness and insufficiency in addressing the

needs of common people.

On one hand, long waiting periods and uncertain travel conditions leads to difficulty of users and on the

other hand multiplicity of the regulating authorities adds to it.

Like anywhere else, urbanization has its effects on the city of Hyderabad in form of congestion, increased

demand for public transportation.

Introduction2

Hyderabad City

City Hyderabad

Geographic location 17.20 N Latitude and 78.30 E Longitude and situated at an altitude of536 meters above Mean Sea Level .

Administrative status Joint State Capital of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana

Area Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA): 7,257 sqkm (Enlarged Jurisdiction of HUDA)

Population (census 2011) 7.75 millions (as per census of 2011)

3

Existing Transportation scenario

1. Number of private vehicles have increased from

7,00,859 in 2000 to about 26,24,011 in 2011 in

HMA.

2. About 44000 APSRTC bus trips are made in

HMA on an avg. basis daily and covers70% of the

city road network.

3. The daily passenger demand for public

transportation modes in the city is about 36 lakhs.

Out of those 36 lakhs about 34 lakhs passengers

use buses as the primary mode of transportation

and rest MMTS and suburban rail services.

4. Majority of the bus users are comfortable to pay 10

percent more ticket fare for travelling in MMTS.

Highlights from Secondary data

Source:-Comprehensive Transportation Study (CTS) for Hyderabad Metropolitan Area , 2013)

3.85

12.10%39.80%

8%

34.50%1.80%

taxi

Auto

2 wheeler

Car

Bus

MMTS

Figure: existing modal share

Only 36.3% of Public transport share inthe city

4

Primary Surveys

The main objectives of caring out these surveys were:-

To assess travel patterns in the city.

To assess passenger’s profile in terms of gender, age group, income groups and vehicular ownership.

To determine the purpose of travel.

To assess efficiency of the bus services and rail services in terms of carrying capacity.

To obtain user’s feedback and satisfaction levels with regards to the key parameters like service

frequency, reliability, availability of seats and safety.

To identify the urban mobility issues and give recommendations to overcome the same.

Bus Passenger survey

Rail passenger survey

Origin & Destination survey

812 passengers were surveyed

795 passengers were surveyed

3690 passengers were surveyed

5

5

113

9

2 10

12

3

4

8

76

1114

15

1. Banjara hills

2. Jublie hills

3. Hi-Tech city

4. Dilsukhnagar

5. MGBS

6. Abids

7. Nampally

8. Panjagutta

9. Kukatpally

10. Secunderabad

11. Charminar

12. Uppal

13. Begumpet

14. Falakhnuma

15. Lingampally

Locations for Primary Surveys6

9%

46%23%

22% 1 - 2 Km

200 - 500 m

500 - 1000 m

Upto 200 m

2% 1% 6%

11%

0%

80%

Bus

cycled

Own vehicle

Taxi / Auto

Train

walked

11%

79%

10%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

very good good poor

8%

56%

35%

1%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

very good good poor very poor

11%

40%

23%18%

8%

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%

UPTO 200 M 200 - 500 M 500 - 1000 M 1 - 2 KM MORETHAN 2 KM

12%

69%

18%

1%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%

GOOD VERYGOOD

POOR VERYPOOR

Bus Passenger and Rail Passenger Surveyresults

Figure: Accessibility to bus stops Figure: Ingress mode to bus stop Figure: Frequency of the bus services

Figure: Bus Passenger feedbackfor availability of seats

Figure: Rail passengeraccessibility to MMTS stations

1

Figure : Availability of seats inMMTS

65

32

4

7

34%

92%

23%

8%18%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Walking Bus Train 2 wheeler Auto/Taxi

About 3690 passengers were surveyed alltogether at the survey locations.

1. Survey showed that about 15.58% of the

passengers change their mode (that is

motorized mode, excluding trips with walk

as one of the modes) at least once.

2. 7.3 % of the trips include modal shifts

between buses and trains. (source: primary

survey)

3. About 92% of the trips involve bus as one

of the modes in the modal splits of the

trips. Thus bus dominates as one of the

modes followed by walk and train

Origin Destination Survey results

Figure: Percentage of trips with different modes as one of the modesin modal split

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ISSUES IDENTIFIED

1. Bus services dominate as the primary mode of travel.2. Buses run with full of their capacity (in peak hours) which is reflected by the poor availability of seats

in the buses.3. The ridership trends of the city from the secondary data have depicted that the capacity of MMTS

services is yet to be utilized fully.4. There is need to improve the accessibility of the citizens to the MMTS stations.5. There is no coordination amongst the various public transportation modes operating in the city.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The recommendations made in the following sections are solely with the aim of:-

1. Enhancing the connectivity of APSRTC station points with MMTS stations and thus diverting thestream of passengers from APSRTC to MMTS services.

2. Increasing the accessibility of the passengers to the MMTS stations so as to ensure more ridership forthe underutilized MMTS service.

3. Increasing the modal share of the public transportation systems in the city with a coordinated approach.

Issues identified and Recommendations9

Any transportation system works better with an integratedapproach than in isolation. And also this will increase theefficiency of public transportation systems by diverting thestream of passengers more from private modes to publicmodes.

Multi-Modal Integration ofTransportation Systems

Multi-modal integration can be achieved by followingways:-

1. Institutional integration

2. Fare Integration

3. Physical Integration

4. Network Integration

5. Information Integration

APSRTC Bus services

MMTS services

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Modifying some exiting APSRTC busroutes

Figure:- Existing APSRTC bus service routes and unconnected MMTS stations

Source: www.hyderabad-india-online.com/2009/11/major-bus-routes-of-tsrtc-in-twin-cities/

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Figure: Recommended modified routes including MMTS station

Modified Routes:-1. Secunderabad –Nampally2. Secunderabad-Charminar3. Secunderabad-Sanathnagar4. Secunderabad –Uppal5. Afzal Gunj-Tarnaka6. Mehdipatnam-Secunderabad

Connected MMTS stations:-1. Necklace Road 6. Yakatpura2. Sanjeeviah Park 7. Fatehnagar3. James Street 8. Arts college4. Sitafal mundi5. Dabeerpura

Sitafal mundi

Sanjeeviah Park

Necklace Road

Yakutpura

Dabeerpura

Fatehnagar

James Street

Arts college

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Dedicated Feeder bus service forMMTS stations

1. From Rail passenger survey, locations with highest number of passenger travelling through MMTS areselected which are Nampally, Begumpeth, Lingampally, Falaknuma and Hi-Tech City.

2. Travel Time:- The time taken by the feeder bus to reach the MMTS station after completing the routeshould be in accordance with the current frequency of the MMTS trains, so that the commuters will makeuse of this feeder bus service to catch the MMTS rail services.

3. Speed of the feeder bus is taken as 20 kmph as the average journey speed in the peak hours in theHyderabad Municipal corporation area is 20 kmph. (source: Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority,Comprehensive Transportation Study (CTS) for Hyderabad Metropolitan Area (HMA), 2013).

4. Frequency of MMTS rail services on all the 5 stations have been found out from the time table of MMTSschedule (as provided in the official website www.mmtstraintimings.in) and minimum frequency has been taken asdesign frequency. The value of minimum frequency is substituted at the place of “Time” value in theformula. Calculations have been done for all the five stations and distance to be covered by the feederbus is found out at the respective stations. Additional five minutes has been considered as the journeydelay time.

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Station MMTS Routes

Frequencyof MMTSservice onthe route

Min. Frequency

Distance tobe coveredby feeder

buses

Begumpet

Lingampally to Falakhnuma 33 mins

33 mins 10.17 kmFalakhnuma to Lingampally 35.25 minsHyderabad to Lingampally 37.15 minsLingampally to Hyderabad 46.39 mins

NampallyLingampally to Nampally 46.50 mins

38.19 mins 11.75 kmNampally to Lingampally 38.19 mins

Hi-Tech city

Lingampally to Falakhnuma 33.30 mins

33.30 mins 10.24 kmFalakhnuma to Lingampally 36.28 minsNampally to Lingampally 36.73 minsLingampally to Nampally 46.36 mins

Lingampally

Lingampally to Falakhnuma 33.10 mins

33 mins 10.15 kmFalakhnuma to Lingampally 33 minsHyderabad to Lingampally 38.17 minsLingampally to Hyderabad 46.36 mins

FalakhnumaFalakhnuma to Lingampally 35.25 mins

34 mins 10.49 kmLingampally to Falakhnuma 34 mins

Feeder Bus Route Design14

1 2 3

54

Proposed Feeder Bus Routes

Begumpeth Hi-Tech City Nampally

FalakhnumaLingampally

15

1. The MMTS Hyderabad presently has a mobile appbased on the android and the windows platform.The app presently provides information like MMTSTrain timings and Updated MMTS timings. Alsoapp detects the current location of the user andsuggests the nearest MMTS railway station.

2. The app is a good and informative which providesall the information about the MMTS services. Italso guides the user to the nearest MMTS station.It’s a free app and is user friendly.

3. The app only provides the information about theMMTS and its stations. There is no informationabout the bus services like APSRTC. Also there canbe displayed information (in form of boards)regarding bus services on the MMTS stations andvice-versa.

Effective use of Information Technology

Figure:- Screen shots of the app.

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1. No additional expense on the part of APSRTC will occur for modifying the existing APSRTC bus routes

to include MMTS stations as one of the station points.

2. The funding mechanism for the dedicated feeder buses for MMTS station can be Public Private

Partnership model (as recommended by the working group in the 12th five year plan) in which Revenue risk will be on

the part of government. Bus provisioning, operation and maintenance will be on the part of private sector.

3. Government agencies can ask for aid from international funding agencies as specified in HMDA act

2008 like World Bank/ JICA.

4. Funds can be generated as advertising revenue as well. Buses while moving in the cities are an excellent

means for advertising. In addition to this stations can also serve the purpose of advertisements. These

rights may be sold and revenue can be generated.

Recommendations for Funding model17

1. Thus the recommended approach is thus an attempt to suggest coordinated working of APSRTC busservices with MMTS rail services so that the passengers can travel seamlessly from one mode toanother.

2. Connectivity of MMTS will be enhanced as passengers will get connectivity right from the neighborhoodlevel with the help of feeder buses to MMTS stations.

3. This will also lead to increased modal share of public transport systems in the city as people will getaccess to MMTS stations easily.

4. Capacity of MMTS services will be utilized effectively. with the help of feeder services.

5. Effective use of information technology will further ease the movements of passengers across APSRTCand MMTS station points.

Conclusions

Developed country is not the one where poor uses car but rich uses publictransportation…………

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References

• Manfred Breithaupt, 2014, Seamless Multimodal Integration for Smart City Public TransportationNetwork.

• Pawan Kumar, S.Y. Kulkarni and M. Parida, 2009, Design Approach for Multi Modal Transport System.

• Infrastructure Partnerships Australia, Integrating Australia’s Transport Systems: A Strategy for anEfficient Transport Future.

• Towards achieving multimodal integration of transportation systems for seamless movement ofpassengers- case study of Hyderabad City, S.A Kanalli, H.S Satish, R.Satyamurthy, 2013, Planning OfIntegrated Transport System to Namma Metro at Byapanahalli – A Study.

• Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority,2011, Comprehensive Transportation Study (CTS) forHyderabad Metropolitan (HMA),www.ctshma2011.com.

• Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India, National Transport Development Policy,2012, Recommendations of working group on urban transport.

• www.mmtstraintimings.in/MMTS

• www.apsrtc.gov.in

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