toshiba rf receiver for hdtv final design review 4/21/2005 team: josue caballero, brett dicio,...
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TOSHIBA RF Receiver forHDTV
Final Design ReviewFinal Design Review
4/21/20054/21/2005
Team:Josue Caballero, Brett DiCio, Daniel Hooper, Efosa Ojomo, George Sewell
Project OverviewProject Overview
Sponsor: Aaron Foster-Engineering Sponsor: Aaron Foster-Engineering ManagerManager
TOSHIBA America Consumer Products, Inc.TOSHIBA America Consumer Products, Inc.Manufacturing DivisionManufacturing Division
Design a wireless system to be Design a wireless system to be implemented in TOSHIBA’s television implemented in TOSHIBA’s television quality test control line.quality test control line.
Current system in place is inefficient Current system in place is inefficient and unreliable.and unreliable.
RequirementsRequirements
TVs can be tested over entire range of TVs can be tested over entire range of frequencies, so bandwidth is largefrequencies, so bandwidth is large
VHF (30 MHz – 300MHz) VHF (30 MHz – 300MHz)
UHF (300 MHz - 3.0GHz)UHF (300 MHz - 3.0GHz)
CATV (55-805Mhz)CATV (55-805Mhz)
Must have a reliable signal across Must have a reliable signal across entire spectrum to be able to test at entire spectrum to be able to test at 40/65/>85 dBμV40/65/>85 dBμV
Channel/Frequency Channel/Frequency AssociationAssociationVHFVHF
UHFUHF
CATVCATV
1414 3636 6060 6969
471.2471.255
603.2603.255
747.2747.255
801.2801.255
22 33 55 66 77 99 1212
55.2555.25 61.2561.25 77.2577.25 83.2583.25 175.2175.255
187.2187.255
205.2205.255
1515 1616 1717 2323 2424
127.2127.255
133.2133.255
139.2139.255
217.2217.255
223.2223.255
2525 4040 4848 4949
229.2229.255
319.2319.266
367.2367.255
373.2373.255
Current Production SetupCurrent Production Setup
Testing EquipmentTesting Equipment• Agilent E4401B ESA-E Series Spectrum
Analyzer ($8,000)
• Leader NTSC Pattern Generator 408 TACP ($5000)
Ideal TransmissionIdeal Transmission
0 to 1.5Ghz 0 to 1.5Ghz bandwidth signal bandwidth signal strength after strength after connecting signal connecting signal generator directly to generator directly to spectrum analyzerspectrum analyzer
Frequency at 780Mhz Frequency at 780Mhz just for just for demonstration, demonstration, reflections are presentreflections are present
Signal is at 80dBuVSignal is at 80dBuV
InterferenceInterference
Seen on all tested Seen on all tested antennasantennas
Due to:Due to:No RF isolationNo RF isolation
Local television Local television stationsstations
Cell phonesCell phones
ComputersComputers
Other…Other…
ShieldingShielding
Cardboard BoxCardboard Box
Aluminum FoilAluminum Foil
Conductive “Duct” Conductive “Duct” TapeTape
Grounding WireGrounding Wire
Before-AfterBefore-After
Shielding showed Shielding showed minimal effectminimal effect
Possible methods Possible methods for improvementfor improvement
Thick aluminum Thick aluminum shieldingshielding
Good earth groundGood earth ground
N-Type ConnectorN-Type Connector
Handles large Handles large frequenciesfrequenciesMeets military Meets military specificationsspecificationsMuch less signal Much less signal attenuationattenuation
0.1dB vs. 1dB 0.1dB vs. 1dB
Best for UHF/VHFBest for UHF/VHFNo impedance bumpNo impedance bump
Magnet WireMagnet Wire
Magnet wire is a copper Magnet wire is a copper core thin insulationcore thin insulation
Insulation is thin enough Insulation is thin enough to allow for a strong to allow for a strong electromagnetic fieldelectromagnetic field
Thick enough to prevent Thick enough to prevent shorting when wiring in shorting when wiring in coilscoils
Used 16 & 18 gauge for Used 16 & 18 gauge for testingtesting
Made several antennasMade several antennasRetested old designsRetested old designs
Created new designsCreated new designs
Our Choice SolutionOur Choice Solution
Single-Arm Spiral Single-Arm Spiral AntennaAntenna
15GHz Bandwidth 15GHz Bandwidth
Number of turns and Number of turns and density of turns density of turns affect transmissionaffect transmission
Low attenuation over Low attenuation over bandwidthbandwidth
Better directionalityBetter directionality
Testing ProcedureTesting Procedure
Direction of Direction of reception for TV is reception for TV is labeled On-Axislabeled On-Axis
Direction of Direction of bestbest transmission for transmission for antenna is labeled antenna is labeled On-AxisOn-Axis
Antenna is oriented Antenna is oriented so that both axis so that both axis line upline up
Frequency vs. Received Frequency vs. Received PowerPower
Frequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 200 400 600 800
Frequency (MHz)
Pow
er (d
BuV
)
12g Coil 1.25"x0.9"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.9"
12g Coil 1.25"x0.5"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.5"
12g Coil 2.15"x0.9"
12g Coil 0.5"x6.25"
12g Coil 300Ohm 1.25"x0.9"
TOSHIBA
Mag Spiral 3.5"x2.25"
Mag Coil 0.75"x0.6"
12g Spiral 2.8"
Mag Spiral 3.75"
Mag Coil 0.25"x5.25"
On-Axis vs. Received PowerOn-Axis vs. Received Power
On-Axis vs.Recieved Power
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
12g Coil 1.25"x0.9"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.9"
12g Coil 1.25"x0.5"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.5"
12g Coil 2.15"x0.9"
12g Coil 0.5"x6.25"
12g Coil 300Ohm 1.25"x0.9"
TOSHIBA
Mag Spiral 3.5"x2.25"
Mag Coil 0.75"x0.6"
12g Spiral 2.8"
Mag Spiral 3.75"
Mag Coil 0.25"x5.25"
Off-Axis vs. Received PowerOff-Axis vs. Received Power
Off-Axis vs. Recieved Power
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
12g Coil 1.25"x0.9"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.9"
12g Coil 1.25"x0.5"
12g Coil 4.5"x0.5"
12g Coil 2.15"x0.9"
12g Coil 0.5"x6.25"
12g Coil 300Ohm 1.25"x0.9"
TOSHIBA
Mag Spiral 3.5"x2.25"
Mag Coil 0.75"x0.6"
12g Spiral 2.8"
Mag Spiral 3.75"
Mag Coil 0.25"x5.25"
Top 4 Frequency vs. Received Top 4 Frequency vs. Received PowerPower
Top 4 Frequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Frequency (MHz)
Po
we
r (d
Bu
V)
12g Coil 0.5"x6.25"
TOSHIBA
Mag Spiral 3.75"
Mag Coil 0.25"x5.25"
Toshiba Factory AntennaToshiba Factory AntennaFrequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Frequency (MHz)
Pow
er (d
BuV
)
On-Axis vs.Recieved Power
474849505152535455565758
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
Off-Axis vs. Recieved Power
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
12AWG Wire Coil (5 turn)12AWG Wire Coil (5 turn)Frequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Frequency (MHz)
Pow
er (d
BuV
)
On-Axis vs.Recieved Power
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
Off-Axis vs. Recieved Power
57.5
58
58.5
59
59.5
60
60.5
61
61.5
62
62.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
16AWG Magnet Wire (5 turn)16AWG Magnet Wire (5 turn)Frequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Frequency (MHz)
Pow
er (d
BuV
)
On-Axis vs.Recieved Power
55.5
56
56.5
57
57.5
58
58.5
59
59.5
60
60.5
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
Off-Axis vs. Recieved Power
57.5
58
58.5
59
59.5
60
60.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
16AWG Magnet Wire Coil (6 16AWG Magnet Wire Coil (6 turns)turns)
Frequency vs. Recieved Power
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Frequency (MHz)
Po
wer
(d
Bu
V)
On-Axis vs.Recieved Power
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
Off-Axis vs. Recieved Power
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (cm)
Pow
er (d
BuV)
Advanced TestingAdvanced Testing
Used Agilent Network Analyzer Used Agilent Network Analyzer ($150,000)($150,000)
Generates test signal and measures the Generates test signal and measures the return power (feedback)return power (feedback)Return power is measured in dBReturn power is measured in dBMeasures standing wave ratioMeasures standing wave ratio
Calibrated to near zero before attaching Calibrated to near zero before attaching N-Type connectorsN-Type connectors
N-Type connectors showed no returnN-Type connectors showed no returnConnectors do not disrupt accurate measurementsConnectors do not disrupt accurate measurements
Advanced Testing ResultsAdvanced Testing Results
Calibration checked Calibration checked at beginning and at beginning and end of testingend of testing
Near zero values at Near zero values at both show no fault both show no fault in testing in testing equipmentequipment
Advanced Testing ResultsAdvanced Testing Results
The power return of The power return of TOSHIBA’s TOSHIBA’s transmissiontransmission antennaantennaThe majority of The majority of power is returned to power is returned to the signal generation the signal generation equipmentequipmentCan cause Can cause equipment failure in equipment failure in about 3 yearsabout 3 years
Advanced Testing ResultsAdvanced Testing Results
Testing results of Testing results of TOSHIBA’s TOSHIBA’s receivingreceiving antenna antenna
Shows weak ability Shows weak ability to create an E-field to create an E-field for the TV inputfor the TV input
Standing Wave Ratio Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) very high(SWR) very high
poor power transfer poor power transfer to TVto TV
Advanced Testing ResultsAdvanced Testing Results
Results from spiral Results from spiral antennaantenna
Shows less power Shows less power return over entire return over entire bandwidthbandwidth
SWR indicates SWR indicates better reception better reception over larger range of over larger range of frequenciesfrequencies
ConclusionConclusion
Our antenna solution has possibilitiesOur antenna solution has possibilitiesSpiral design is still best broadband choiceSpiral design is still best broadband choice
More research for more efficient designMore research for more efficient design
Overall, wireless testing system may Overall, wireless testing system may only be short term solutiononly be short term solution
RF reflection will damage equipmentRF reflection will damage equipment
Mechanical design is expensive but Mechanical design is expensive but electrically reliableelectrically reliable
Thank YouThank You(In order of appearance)(In order of appearance)
Professor DozierProfessor DozierAaron FosterAaron FosterDoctor WataiDoctor WataiChip CliftonChip CliftonProfessor CookProfessor CookProfessor WellsProfessor WellsJanice RockJanice Rock……for all the fish.for all the fish.