topic: ecology aim: describe the flow of energy in an ecosystem. do now: evolution review #4 hw:...
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Topic: Ecology
Aim: Describe the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
Do Now: Evolution Review #4
HW: Evolution CL due tomorrow!
1. Which species have become extinct? Why?
They had an unfavorable adaptation.
There was no variation in the species and they could not adapt to a major environmental change.
2. Which two species are most closely related?
1. D and E 2. B and C
3. H and I 4. A and I
Habitat•Where an organism lives
•Organism’s “address”
Niche•The role of a species in the
environment•Ex: how, when, or way they
obtain nutrients, its reproductive behavior
Niches of a sunflower growing in the backyard
-Absorb light, water and minerals
-Provide shelter and food for other organisms (e.g. bees, ants, etc.)
-Release oxygen into the atmosphere
2 organisms occupying the same niche
•Competition
Identify the type of organism described.
1.Feed on producers.
2.Feed on organisms that have already been killed.
3.Feed on both plants and animals.
4.Break down the remains of dead organisms and return some nutrients back to the soil.
5.Autotrophs
6.Meat eaters
7. Hunt and kill prey.
1. Identify the main source of energy in an ecosystem
SUNLIGHT
2. What occurs to the energy in an ecosystem?
-Energy is not recycled.
-Energy is converted into different forms.
3. Describe what a food chain shows.
•How matter and energy passes from one organism to another
4. Identify the organisms that make up the first step of a food chain.
•Producers
5. Identify the organisms that make up the 2nd step of a food chain.
•Herbivores•Primary Consumers
6. Identify the organisms that make up the 3rd step of a food chain.
•Carnivores and omnivores
•Secondary or tertiary consumer
7. Explain what happens to the amount of energy as it is passed through a food chain.
.
•Amount of available energy is reduced as you move though each level.
Grass Grasshopper Sparrows Hawks
producers
Decrease in energy (lost in the form of heat)
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Teritiary consumer
Herbivore Carnivore Carnivore
8. Observe Figure 15 on p.727.
.
Grass Marmots Grizzly bear
8. Observe Figure 15 on p.727.
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Grass Marmots Grizzly bear
a. Identify the producers.Grass
b. Identify the herbivore.Marmots (primary consumer)
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Grass Marmots Grizzly bear
c. Identify the carnivore.Grizzly bear(secondary consumer)
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Grass Marmots Grizzly bear
d. Infer what might happen if grizzly bears disappear from the food chain.The marmot population would increase.The grass population would decrease.
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Grass Marmots Grizzly bear
e. What do the red arrows represent?Heat (energy) released
f. What do the blue arrows represent?Matter that makes up
molecules of energy
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
Heat
Soil
9. Describe a food web.
•Shows all possible feeding relationships in a community
10. Observe Figure 16 on page 728.
a. Identify the producers.Berries and flowers, grasses, seeds
b. Identify 2 herbivores.(Primary consumers)Deer, grouse, insects, chipmunk, marmot
c. Identify 2 carnivores.Bear (Secondary consumer)(Also primary consumer)
Decomposers
11. Describe what an energy
Pyramid shows.
•Shows amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem
12. Where is the 1st feeding level in an energy pyramid found
•On the bottom
13. Explain why the 1st level is the largest level.
•It contains the most energy and the largest # of organisms.
14. Explain what occurs to the transfer of energy as you move up the pyramid.
•The transfer of energy is less efficient
(Each level becomes smaller)
Topic: Ecology
Aim: Describe the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
Do Now:
Food Chain Reading Notes #’s 19-24
HW:3rd Marking Period Quarterly due Monday April 13th.
Evolution Exam Tuesday, April 14th
Food Chain Lab due Wednesday, April 15th
15. Identify the producers. Grass16. Identify the 3 primary consumers.
MiceGrasshoppersRabbits
17. Identify 2 secondary consumers.
FoxesGrasshoppersSparrowsFrogsHawksSnakes
18. Identify a tertiary consumer. Hawks, Snakes
19. Identify the producers.
Grasses
20. Identify primary consumers.
Insects
21. Identify secondary consumers.
Chipmunks
22. Identify a tertiary consumer.
Grizzly bears
Pyramid of energy
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers
Energy decreases
Producers
Herbivores
Carnivores
Let’s summarize…
1.Identify the main source of energy in an ecosystem.
2.Who is the first organism found in every food chain? Give an example.
3.Identify the sequence of organisms in a food chain.
4.Describe what happens to the energy that is passed through a food chain or up an energy pyramid. Explain why this happens.
Which statement best describes one of the levels of this pyramid?
(1.) The organisms in level B obtain food directly from level A.
(2.) Level D contains the greatest number of heterotrophs in the pyramid.
(3.) level C contains the largest group of consumers in the pyramid.
(4.) Level A contains the largest producers in the pyramid.
Which statement is best supported by the information shown in the pyramid?
(1.) Chipmunks and insects can occupy the same niche.
(2.) As the number of bears in this community increases, the number of chipmunks will increase.
(3.) Insects are classified as omnivores in alpine meadow communities.
(4.) Biomass decreases as energy is transferred from one level to another.
Which organisms would most likely have a predator-prey relationship?
(1.) tapeworm and dog
(2.) barnacle and whale
(3.) hawk and mouse
(4.) rabbit and grass
