topic 3: elements of airphoto interpretation · 1 topic 3: elements of airphoto interpretation...
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Topic 3: Elements ofAirphoto Interpretation
Chapter 4: Lillesand and KeiferChapter 2: Avery and Berlin
Def’n The extraction of information of all types from
aerial photography
Airphoto Interpretation
Data InformationPhotogrammetry
A process that involves:
1. Detection/Identification
2. Measurement/Assessment
3. Problem Solving/Results
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Ideally, the analyst will have:
Experience
Knowledge
Familiarity
Background
1. Tone or Hue2. Size and Height3. Shape4. Texture5. Pattern6. Site7. Association8. Shadow
Adequate Resolution – prerequisite for identification
Tone Diagnostic Discriminatory
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Hue Diagnostic Discriminatory
Absolute and relative
Fcn of scale
Assessed from above, shadow height, and/or stereoscopically
Form or configuration as viewed from above
May be distorted
Frequently key characteristic
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Frequency of tonal change
Described as course or fine Function of scale
Perceived even when the individual features are imperceptible
Arrangement of objects
Pattern recognitionis scale dependent
Also evident even when features are unidentifiable
Topographic or geographic location
Used to eliminate options
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Location of features relative to otherfeatures
Used when other diagnostic characteristics fail
Provide profile view from above
Increasesperception of topography
Usually avoided
The “Multi” approach Spectral Panchromatic and IR photos
Date Fall and summer photos
Stage Early and late growing season
Direction Verticals and obliques
Disciplines Pedologist and botanist
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Stereoscopic Viewing Ancillary Data
Maps Other photos Reports, etc.
Interpretation Keys Selection Keys Elimination Keys Dichotomous Keys
Standard Classification Systems Land Use/Cover Classifications Vegetation Classifications