UNIT INSTRUCTOR: MRS. JUSNANI

UNIT TITLE: PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATION

WEEK ONE

DATE PRESENTATION:

25/1/2012, WEDNESDAY

INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE STUDIES

W O R K T E A M S

HOW DO EFFECTIVE TEAMS MINIMIZE SOCIAL LOAFING AND GROUP THINK?

Question ONE

CONTENT

• SOCIAL LOAFING

• GROUPTHINK

• EFFECTIVE TEAMS

• CONCLUSION

SOCIAL LOAFING

• Definition: The tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually.

• Causes:CAUSES: EXAMPLE:

Belief that others in the team are not carrying their fair share

Following other team members habits – lazy

Dispersion of responsibility Team members responsibility – taking for granted (to relax)

Sub-maximal goal setting Team members well defined goals & working it out – less work for it

Non-cohesive team No bonding with team members and created low-quality relationships

• Effect of Social Loafing: it can cause negative consequences that affect both team and individual. Example, lack of satisfaction can lead to disappointment or depressed.

• Confronting the Social Loafing: after trying to address the problem with the team members, they should figured out the solution as a team.

• Preventing Social Loafing: team leaders need to develop rules of conduct, create appropriate group sizes, encourage team loyalty, specifically define the task, create personal relationship, highlight achievement, manage discussions and more.

• Reducing Social Loafing: motivating each team members by doing Collaboration (everyone involved in the team), Content (completing tasks properly) and Choice (opportunities to choose the task they want to fulfill).

GROUPTHINK• Definition: Phenomenon in which the norm

for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.

• Recommendations for avoiding Groupthink:i. Team should discuss the symptoms of

groupthink and how to avoid them.

ii. Individuals should monitor their own behavior for signs of groupthink and modify behavior if needed.

iii. Team Leaders should break the group into two subgroups from time to time.

EFFECTIVE TEAMS• Definition: An effective team has unity of cohesion and effort towards

a common goal.

• Characteristics: A team has a clear purpose, rules and goals. open communication

Team members participation consensus decisions-making

Listening to the instructions Conflicts and disagreements are openly resolved

Team members understand the team process and priorities

constructive criticism and encouragement are extended to team members

Team members know about their roles, work assignments, honest, trust and

responsibilities.

external relations

Team members commitment in their works Shared their experiences, success and leadership, and more.

• Identifying Successful Team: by identifying some common characteristics of effective teams that may have contributed to the team’s success.

• Effective Teams:Problem-solving focus is on how to improve the processes rather than on how to fix people or correct mistakes.

• Team Effectiveness:Context, Composition, Work Design, and Process.

• Teams need the following skills to perform effectively:i. Technical expertise and knowledge, skills and

experiences.ii. Problem-solving and decision-making skillsiii. Interpersonal skills

EFFECTIVE TEAMS MINIMIZE SOCIAL LOAFING and GROUPTHINK

CONCLUSION

• The introduction of teams into the work place has greatly influenced employee jobs.

• High-performing teams have common characteristics.

• Managers should have select individuals with interpersonal skills, provide training to develop teamwork skills, and reward individuals for co-operative efforts in order to handle the difficulties in creating team players.

• The effective teams in Social Loafing undermine this tendency by holding themselves accountable at both the individual and team level. They can motivate each other and inspire people.

• Conflicts on a team in a groupthink is no necessarily bad. It is often beneficial and good because it lessens the likelihood of group think. Effective teams will be characterized by an appropriate level of conflict.

REFERENCES

NOTES:• TOPIC 10:

GROUP BEHAVIOR

• TOPIC 11: WORK TEAMS

WEBSITES:• http://celsim.com/teamwo

rk-matters/• http://www.docstoc.com/

docs/33418644/Effective-Teams

• http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Managing_Groups_and_Teams/Social_Loafing

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_loafing

• http://www.web-books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B58/070MB58.html

• http://www.docstoc.com/docs/33418644/Effective-Teams

• http://www.dive-hq.com/team-building.html

• http://www.healthyteams.com.au/services/teamdevelopment/

END OF PRESENTATION

PRESENTED BY:

NUR HIDAYAH BINTI ZULKIFLI

GROUP CODE:

HNDBM 11/02 (G1)