tools for learning history
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Tools for Learning History. Section 1.1 Telling Time. Telling Time by Years. The history of mankind is divided into two great time periods that are referred to as BC and AD. BC means “Before Christ” AD comes form the Latin, Anno Domini, meaning “in the year of our Lord”. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Tools for Learning Tools for Learning HistoryHistory
Section 1.1Section 1.1
Telling TimeTelling Time
Telling Time by YearsTelling Time by Years
The history of mankind is divided into two great time periods that are referred to as BC and AD.
BC means “Before Christ”
AD comes form the Latin, Anno Domini, meaning “in the year of our Lord”
Some people have chosen to mark history in a non-religious way by referring to the two great periods of history as BCE and CE
CE means Common Era and refers to the same period as AD
BCE means Before Common Era and refers to the same period as BC
AD dates count forward from 1 AD. AD dates count forward from 1 AD.
BC dates count backward from 1 AD.BC dates count backward from 1 AD.
1 AD100 200100 BC200 BC
Left Right
Telling Time by Telling Time by CenturiesCenturies
1 year = 12 months1 year = 12 months
10 years = 1 decade 10 years = 1 decade
100 years = century100 years = century
1000 years = 1000 years = millennia millennia
CenturyCentury DatesDates
1st1st 1-1001-100
2nd2nd 101-200101-200
11th11th 1001-11001001-1100
20th20th 1901-20001901-2000
Converting Years to Converting Years to CenturiesCenturies
In history, you may hear or read that In history, you may hear or read that an event took place in the 15an event took place in the 15thth century century or the 20or the 20thth century. For these time century. For these time references to make sense, you’ve got references to make sense, you’ve got to know what dates they refer to. As to know what dates they refer to. As you’ve seen on the previous slide, the you’ve seen on the previous slide, the 2020thth century does not refer to the century does not refer to the 2000s as you might automatically 2000s as you might automatically assume. It refers to the 1900s. assume. It refers to the 1900s.
Converting Years to Converting Years to CenturiesCenturies
How do you convert form a century How do you convert form a century to a year and vice versa?to a year and vice versa?
By understanding dates, it’s easy to By understanding dates, it’s easy to convert for one to the other. convert for one to the other.
1945
One less than the number of the century----In this case, 19 + 1 = 20, so this date is in the 20th century.
Represents which year in the century --- in thiscase, the 45th year.
RememberRemember
If the year ends in 01-99, the century If the year ends in 01-99, the century is one more than the first two digits. is one more than the first two digits.
Ex. Ex. 191973 19 + 1 = 2073 19 + 1 = 20thth century.century.
If the year ends in 00, the century is If the year ends in 00, the century is the same as the first two digits.the same as the first two digits.
Ex. Ex. 202000 00 20 = 2020 = 20thth century. century.
Time LinesTime Lines
A A time line time line helps you see the big picture, helps you see the big picture, whether it represents a few months or a whether it represents a few months or a few thousand years. A time line is a visual few thousand years. A time line is a visual representation of a period of time. It is representation of a period of time. It is marked off in equal intervals that show marked off in equal intervals that show when events occurred and how each event when events occurred and how each event relates to the other events that happened relates to the other events that happened during that period.during that period.
The period of time covered by the The period of time covered by the time line is called the time line is called the time spantime span. . Time span can be calculated by Time span can be calculated by subtracting the beginning date from subtracting the beginning date from the ending date. Look at the time line the ending date. Look at the time line below. Its time span is 1600 – 1450 below. Its time span is 1600 – 1450 or 150 years. or 150 years.
1450
Beginning Date
1500 1550 1600
Ending Date
Time Span
1450
Beginning Date
1500 1550 1600
Ending Date
Time Span
The equal divisions on the time line are The equal divisions on the time line are called called time intervaltime interval. To calculate a . To calculate a time interval, subtract the start of an time interval, subtract the start of an interval from the end of an interval. If interval from the end of an interval. If the first interval starts with 1450 and the first interval starts with 1450 and ends with 1500, the time interval would ends with 1500, the time interval would be 50 years (1500 – 1450)be 50 years (1500 – 1450)
Time Interval
1450
Gutenberg invents the printing press with movable type
1450
1500 1550 1600
1492
Columbus arrives in the New World
1504
Michelangelo completesstatue of David
1505
da Vinci completes Mona Lisa
1513
Machiavelli writesThe Prince
1519
Magellan begins his voyage around the world
1595
Shakespeare writesRomeo and Juliet
Seeing the events in order as they Seeing the events in order as they relate to other events of the period relate to other events of the period helps you develop helps you develop chronological chronological thinkingthinking. That term just means that . That term just means that you remember history in the order you remember history in the order that it happened. The graphic makes that it happened. The graphic makes the dates much easier to sort than if the dates much easier to sort than if they were simply given in a list.they were simply given in a list.
1450
1500
1550
1600
Gutenberg invents the printing press with movable type
1450
Columbus arrives in the New World1492
Michelangelo completes statue of David
1504
1505 da Vinci completes Mona Lisa
1513 Machiavelli writes “The Prince”
1519 Magellan begins his voyage around the world
1595 Shakespeare writes “Romeo and Juliet”
One thing you will notice is that when One thing you will notice is that when several events occur close together, several events occur close together, it’s easier to put them on a vertical it’s easier to put them on a vertical time line than on a horizontal one.time line than on a horizontal one.
The information is the same, and the The information is the same, and the analysis is the same. The only change analysis is the same. The only change is in the direction the time line runs.is in the direction the time line runs.
TablesTables
Another way to organize dates and Another way to organize dates and events is to use a table. A events is to use a table. A table table is is divided into columns and rows. divided into columns and rows. Columns go down and rows go across. Columns go down and rows go across. The placement of information in a table The placement of information in a table shows relationships between the facts.shows relationships between the facts.
DateDate EventsEvents
14501450 Gutenberg invents the printing press with Gutenberg invents the printing press with moveable typemoveable type
14921492 Columbus arrives in the New WorldColumbus arrives in the New World
15041504 Michelangelo completes statue of David
1505 da Vinci completes Mona Lisa
1513 Machiavelli writes “The Prince”
1519 Magellan begins his voyage around the world
1595 Shakespeare writes “Romeo and Juliet”
Major Events of the Renaissance Title
Headings
Columns
Rows
When you have only a few facts that are When you have only a few facts that are related to a central theme, it’s easier to related to a central theme, it’s easier to use a graphic organizer to present the use a graphic organizer to present the information than a table. A information than a table. A graphic graphic organizerorganizer uses geometric shapes to show uses geometric shapes to show how a few facts or ideas are related to a how a few facts or ideas are related to a central theme. The information is placed central theme. The information is placed inside the shapes, and lines are drawn to inside the shapes, and lines are drawn to show the relationships.show the relationships.
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BreakfastFoods
bagels pastries
Bacon & Eggs
cereal
oatmeal
Cream Cheese Pop Tarts