tokugawa shogunate finished(2)

8/7/2019 Tokugawa Shogunate Finished(2)

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TokugawaTokugawa

ShogunateShogunateBy: Elena ChaoBy: Elena Chao

Francis TienFrancis TienJason WuJason Wu


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Main PointMain Point

SamuraiSamurai

BushidoBushido

Sengoku PeriodSengoku Period

Tokugawa ShogunateTokugawa Shogunate


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8th

Century

12th

Century

17th

Century

19th

Century

The emperor of Japan

held control of the

land.

Generals controlled

all power, and

created Shogunate.

Tokugawa

Leyasu

became the

winner of

the civilwar ,and

created the

Edo Period.

After Meiji

Restoration,

Japan became

the country

that we seetoday


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Tokugawa ShogunateTokugawa Shogunate

Sengoku Period Edo Period.

Built by the Tokugawa Shogunate (1603 to 1868).

During this period of time, Japan went through pieceand quiet--- even warrirors called samurai had leisuretime to study martial arts, tea ceremony etc.

Strict 4 class system listing from top to bottom: samurai,peasants, artisans, and merchants.


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The Rise of SamuraiThe Rise of Samurai

Samurai warriors were retainers of the emperor. AfterSamurai warriors were retainers of the emperor. Aftermany years, warriors amassed enough power, andmany years, warriors amassed enough power, andcreated the samuraicreated the samurai--dominated government.dominated government.

AA samurai usually takes one kanji from his father orsamurai usually takes one kanji from his father orgrandfather and another new kanji for their name, butgrandfather and another new kanji for their name, butthey usually use only a small part out of their wholethey usually use only a small part out of their wholename.name.

EXAMPLE) Oda Nobunaga's(EXAMPLE) Oda Nobunaga's(

)) whole name wouldwhole name wouldbebe::Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo NobunagaOda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga (())..


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The Change of SamuraiThe Change of Samurai

During theDuring the Tokugawa Shogunate (Edoperiod),instead of being warriors, many

samurai became courtiers, bureaucrats,and administrators.

Then, the katana, a long ancient sword,became the emblem of power.


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The Falling of SamuraiThe Falling of Samurai

1873: Emperor Meiji tried to end the1873: Emperor Meiji tried to end thepower of Samurai, and tried to be morepower of Samurai, and tried to be more

westernwestern--style.style.

The rule of the Samurai class was not over.The rule of the Samurai class was not over.

19th Century: the Samurai class was19th Century: the Samurai class wasfinally abolished.finally abolished.


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B

ushidoB

ushido The idea ofThe idea of BushidoBushido came fromcame fromKojikiKojiki (the book written by Yamato(the book written by YamatoTakeru, the son of emperor Keiko).Takeru, the son of emperor Keiko). "Way of the Warrior", which was a"Way of the Warrior", which was a

code of conduct for warriors.code of conduct for warriors.

symbolized loyalty, selfsymbolized loyalty, self--sacrifice, duty,sacrifice, duty,obediece, and honor.obediece, and honor.

teaches that the katana, a long narrowteaches that the katana, a long narrowsword, is the soul of a smaurai.sword, is the soul of a smaurai.

Carl Steenstrup is known forCarl Steenstrup is known for

translating several works of Japanesetranslating several works of Japaneseliterature. Most of them were aboutliterature. Most of them were aboutthe history of Bushido.the history of Bushido.

(( = Bu shi , warrior)= Bu shi , warrior)((-- Do u, way)Do u, way)


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Sengoku PeriodSengoku Period 15th century to 17th century15th century to 17th century The time of social upheaval, and wasThe time of social upheaval, and was

ended by the Tokugawa Shogunate.ended by the Tokugawa Shogunate. Important people during that time:Important people during that time:

Oda NobunagaOda Nobunaga

Toyotomi HideyoshiToyotomi HideyoshiTokugawa LevasuTokugawa Levasu


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Oda NobunagaOda Nobunaga June 23, 1534June 23, 1534 JuneJune

21, 158221, 1582

lived a life oflived a life of

continuous militarycontinuous militaryconquest.conquest.

counquered a third ofcounquered a third of

Japanese territoryJapanese territorybefore his death inbefore his death in1582.1582.


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Rise of PowerRise of Power

1551: Oda Nobuhide died unexpectedly.1551: Oda Nobuhide died unexpectedly.

Shiba Yoshimune challenged Nobunaga'sShiba Yoshimune challenged Nobunaga's

place as Owari's new ruler.place as Owari's new ruler. Nobunaga allied with the Imagawa andNobunaga allied with the Imagawa and

Kira clan.Kira clan.

1559: Nobunuga became the ruler of1559: Nobunuga became the ruler ofOwari (Unification of Owari Province ).Owari (Unification of Owari Province ).


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Old AgeOld Age

1582: Hashiba Hideyoshi ( Toyotomi Hideyoshi)1582: Hashiba Hideyoshi ( Toyotomi Hideyoshi)invaded Bichu Province.invaded Bichu Province.

Nobunaga ordered Niwa Nagahide to prepare forNobunaga ordered Niwa Nagahide to prepare foran invasion of Shikoku , and ordered Akechian invasion of Shikoku , and ordered AkechiMitsuhide to assist Hideyoshi.Mitsuhide to assist Hideyoshi.

Mitsuhide decided to betray Nobunaga at theMitsuhide decided to betray Nobunaga at theIncident at Honnoji, causing NobunagaIncident at Honnoji, causing Nobunagas suicide.s suicide.


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Toyotomi HideyoshiToyotomi Hideyoshi February 2, 1536

September 18, 1598

Became a daimyo due

to his former liegelord, Oda Nobunagasdeath.


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IntroductionIntroduction

He was born of no traceable samuraiHe was born of no traceable samurailineage.lineage.

Had no surname, and his childhood givenHad no surname, and his childhood givenname was Hiyoshiname was Hiyoshi--maru (Bounty of themaru (Bounty of theSun).Sun).

1561: Hideyoshi married Nene who was1561: Hideyoshi married Nene who wasAsano Nagamasa 's adopted daughter.Asano Nagamasa 's adopted daughter.


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1557:he returned to Owari Province and joined the Oda1557:he returned to Owari Province and joined the Odaclan , then stayed with Odaclan , then stayed with Oda Nobunaga as a lowly servantNobunaga as a lowly servant(sandal(sandal--bearers).bearers).

1567: Nobunaga captured1567: Nobunaga captured Inabayama Castle because ofInabayama Castle because ofHideyoshi's efforts.Hideyoshi's efforts.

Hideyoshi became one ofHideyoshi became one ofNobunaga's most notedNobunaga's most noted

generals, eventually takinggenerals, eventually taking the name Hashiba Hideyoshithe name Hashiba Hideyoshi..

1582: Hashiba Hideyoshi1582: Hashiba Hideyoshi defeated Akechi Mitsuhidedefeated Akechi Mitsuhide atatthe Battle of Yamazaki.the Battle of Yamazaki.


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The Climax of Toyotomi HideyoshiThe Climax of Toyotomi Hideyoshi

After Nobunaga died, Hashiba Hideyoshi tookAfter Nobunaga died, Hashiba Hideyoshi tookthe power into his own hands.the power into his own hands.

1586: Hideyoshi was given the name Toyotomi1586: Hideyoshi was given the name Toyotomiby the imperial court. Afterwards, Hideyoshiby the imperial court. Afterwards, Hideyoshiconquered Kii Province and Shikoku.conquered Kii Province and Shikoku.

took control of Etchu Province and Kyushu. Fewtook control of Etchu Province and Kyushu. Fewyears after, His health began to worsen. Heyears after, His health began to worsen. Henamed his nephew Hidetsugu, who became hisnamed his nephew Hidetsugu, who became hisheir.heir.


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Tokugawa IevasuTokugawa Ievasu

January 31, 1543January 31, 1543 June 1, 1616June 1, 1616

seized power in 1600 (Battle ofseized power in 1600 (Battle ofSekigahara).Sekigahara).

1603: the emperor assigned Ieyasu as1603: the emperor assigned Ieyasu asShogun, who established his governmentShogun, who established his governmentin Edo (Modern Tokyo) which became ain Edo (Modern Tokyo) which became amajor fishing indusrty.major fishing indusrty.

1605: renounced from office, but1605: renounced from office, butremained in power until his death in 1616.remained in power until his death in 1616.

Ieyasu was the most powerful man inIeyasu was the most powerful man inJapan after Toyotomi Hideyoshi had diedJapan after Toyotomi Hideyoshi had died

in 1598.in 1598.

1615: Toyotomi Clan was destroyed,1615: Toyotomi Clan was destroyed,allowing the Tokugawa to capture Osakaallowing the Tokugawa to capture OsakaCastle.Castle.


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Ieyasu decided to ally with the Oda clan.Ieyasu decided to ally with the Oda clan. In 1561,Ieyasu broke with the Imagawa and captured the base ofIn 1561,Ieyasu broke with the Imagawa and captured the base of

Kaminojo.Kaminojo.

After that,Ieyasu employed many strong generals:After that,Ieyasu employed many strong generals:1.1. Ishikawa KazumasaIshikawa Kazumasa

2.2. Koriki KiyonagaKoriki Kiyonaga3.3. Hattori HanzHattori Hanz4.4. Sakai TadatsuguSakai Tadatsugu5.5. Sakakibara YasumasaSakakibara Yasumasa They were the saviours of the ending Sengoku Period, then Ieyasu createdThey were the saviours of the ending Sengoku Period, then Ieyasu created

Tokugawa Shogunate.

During the Battle of Sekigahara: Ieayasu defeated many of Hideyori's

loyalists, giving him wealth and power.

Ieyasu redistributed the land other daimyos had gained, which broughttight control to ancient Japan.

Ieyasu traded with western countries and established connections withthe English and Dutch.


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Collapse of the TokugawaCollapse of the Tokugawa

GovernmentGovernment Gov. was declining for some reasons:Gov. was declining for some reasons:

A.A. Riots started to formRiots started to formB.B. Disasters and famines occurred frequentlyDisasters and famines occurred frequentlyC.C. Financial problems dealing with high taxes.Financial problems dealing with high taxes.

18th century: Pressure18th century: Pressure occurred whenoccurred when Russians tried to conduct trade with the JapaneseRussians tried to conduct trade with the Japaneseandand failed.failed.

19th Century: European and19th Century: European and American nations teamed up withAmerican nations teamed up with Russia and forcedRussia and forcedTokugawa to open trade ports.Tokugawa to open trade ports. However, there was very limited trade until the MeijiHowever, there was very limited trade until the MeijiRestoration(1868).Restoration(1868).

Tokgawa's calm was shattered when Matthew Perry's U.S. steamships arrived in JapanTokgawa's calm was shattered when Matthew Perry's U.S. steamships arrived in Japanin 1853.in 1853.

18671867--68: the Tokugawa government collapsed due the anti68: the Tokugawa government collapsed due the anti--government feelings ofgovernment feelings ofcitizens who wanted restoration of imperial power.citizens who wanted restoration of imperial power.


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THE ENDTHE ENDThanks for listening!Thanks for listening!

tokugawa shogunate finished(2)

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