today’s standard- *analyze works of literature for what is suggested about the historical period...
TRANSCRIPT
Today’s standard-Today’s standard-
*Analyze works of literature for what *Analyze works of literature for what is suggested about the historical period in is suggested about the historical period in which they were written.which they were written.
Objective- Gather information to Objective- Gather information to better understand Shakespeare better understand Shakespeare and his work Romeo & Juliet.and his work Romeo & Juliet.
William Shakespeare
Parker Presents
Life of William ShakespeareLife of William ShakespeareElizabethan Period 1558-1603Elizabethan Period 1558-1603
FamilyFamilyBorn around April 23, Born around April 23,
1564 in Stratford–on–1564 in Stratford–on–AvonAvon
33rdrd of 8 children of 8 childrenFamily was well offFamily was well offMost quoted, other than Most quoted, other than
the Biblethe Bible
The Dirt !The Dirt !Married Anne Married Anne
Hathaway at 18 - she Hathaway at 18 - she was 26!was 26!
Three childrenThree childrenAbsentee fatherAbsentee father
Life of William ShakespeareLife of William Shakespeare
Stratford-on-AvonStratford-on-Avon
Stratford-on-AvonStratford-on-Avon
London During ShakespeareLondon During Shakespeare’’s s DaysDays
No running water No running water or electricityor electricity
PovertyPoverty
Bathing considered dangerousBathing considered dangerousChildhood diseasesChildhood diseasesChildren often died youngChildren often died youngSmall Pox & Bubonic PlagueSmall Pox & Bubonic Plague
killed thousandskilled thousands
London During ShakespeareLondon During Shakespeare’’s s DaysDays
No running waterNo running waterChamber PotsChamber PotsOpen SewersOpen SewersCrowdedCrowded
London During ShakespeareLondon During Shakespeare’’s s DaysDays
ClothesClothesOne set used all year One set used all year
long, rarely washedlong, rarely washedUnderclothing slept in, Underclothing slept in,
rarely changedrarely changedClothes handed down Clothes handed down
from rich to poorfrom rich to poor
London During ShakespeareLondon During Shakespeare’’s s DaysDays
Theater in LondonTheater in London
The TheaterThe Theater First public theaterFirst public theater Demolished in 1599 Demolished in 1599
Theater in LondonTheater in London
The GlobeThe GlobePenny admissionPenny admissionHard to believe? ThinkHard to believe? Think
about admission to the about admission to the
movie theater in the movie theater in the ‘‘50s 50s
Theater in LondonTheater in London
Theater in LondonTheater in London
ActorsActorsAll menAll menFemale parts played by young boysFemale parts played by young boysNo actual kissing or hugging on stageNo actual kissing or hugging on stage
Audience Audience
2000-3000 people from all walks of life2000-3000 people from all walks of life Rich audience sat in covered galleries Rich audience sat in covered galleries
around stagearound stage Most stood in the pit around platform Most stood in the pit around platform
stage – stage – ““groundlingsgroundlings””
The groundlingThe groundling
Poor audience Poor audience membermember
Stood around stage Stood around stage in in ““the pitthe pit””
Threw rotten Threw rotten vegetables at bad vegetables at bad performancesperformances
The PlaysThe PlaysTragedyTragedy
Ends in the death Ends in the death of one or more of of one or more of the main the main characterscharacters
Most of Most of Shakespeare’s Shakespeare’s tragedies tragedies involved involved historicalhistorical individuals or individuals or events. events.
Tragic Endings Tragic Endings Most tragic heroes are partly to blame for Most tragic heroes are partly to blame for
their own fates and end up dying as a their own fates and end up dying as a result.result.
All of Shakespeare’s tragedies have a tragic hero.
Tragic HeroesTragic Heroes
All of Shakespeare’s tragedies have a All of Shakespeare’s tragedies have a tragic hero. tragic hero.
Often makes more than one bad judgmentOften makes more than one bad judgment Usually recognizes his mistakesUsually recognizes his mistakes We feel sympathy for him.We feel sympathy for him. The hero is often a man of high rank, such The hero is often a man of high rank, such
as a king or prince.as a king or prince. Will dieWill die
Line ReferencesLine References
Romeo & Juliet, II. i. 35
The play’s title is written in italics
The scene is in small Roman numerals
The act is written in capital Roman numerals
The line number is written as a normal number
New WordsNew WordsIn Shakespeare’s time . . . In Shakespeare’s time . . .
There were no dictionaries.There were no dictionaries.
There were no spelling rules.There were no spelling rules.
Shakespeare created over 2,000 Shakespeare created over 2,000
words.words.Wordplay, bawdy jokes, and lofty language Wordplay, bawdy jokes, and lofty language appealed to Elizabethan audiences.appealed to Elizabethan audiences.
Shakespeare’s WordsShakespeare’s Words
Hint eyeball majestic laughable generous gloomy
fashionable undress
Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet
Think & WriteThink & WriteWhen family differences stand When family differences stand between two people, it can be between two people, it can be destructive because_______________.destructive because_______________.
Skills for this Unit: Skills for this Unit:
• Understand globe theater Understand globe theater • Summarize and paraphrase complex text Summarize and paraphrase complex text • Analyze characters Analyze characters
(protagonist/antagonist, flat/round, (protagonist/antagonist, flat/round, static/dynamic, stock)static/dynamic, stock)
• Analyze conflicts (internal/external),Analyze conflicts (internal/external),• Analyze stage directions, dialogue and Analyze stage directions, dialogue and
dramatic speeches (monologue, dramatic speeches (monologue, soliloquy, aside)soliloquy, aside)
• Analyze themeAnalyze theme
What are we about to read? What are we about to read?
This play is a tragedy-it traces the downfall of This play is a tragedy-it traces the downfall of the main character, often called the tragic the main character, often called the tragic hero. hero.
Tragic hero-admired character, but has a Tragic hero-admired character, but has a major flaw that causes his downfall. major flaw that causes his downfall.
Overall Structure Overall Structure
Called a “five act play” Called a “five act play” Act 1-IntroductionAct 1-IntroductionAct 2- Rising ActionAct 2- Rising ActionAct 3-ClimaxAct 3-ClimaxAct 4-Falling ActionAct 4-Falling ActionAct 5- Resolution Act 5- Resolution
Romeo and Juliet: BackgroundRomeo and Juliet: Background
• Act I
The Elizabethan audience expected a drama to unfold in five predictable segments.
Introduction Climactic moment, resolution
Crisis, or turning point
• Act IV
• Act III
• Act II
• Act V
Rising action
Falling action
Globe TheaterGlobe Theater
The Globe- most famous theater in the history The Globe- most famous theater in the history of English stage, for many more of of English stage, for many more of Shakespeare’s plays were performed there. Shakespeare’s plays were performed there.
It was a round theater with a central stage It was a round theater with a central stage open to the sky. open to the sky.
Summarize and Paraphrase: Summarize and Paraphrase: What’s the difference?What’s the difference?
Summarize-briefly stating the idea of a text in Summarize-briefly stating the idea of a text in a few sentences. a few sentences.
Paraphrase-summarize a text LINE by LINE.Paraphrase-summarize a text LINE by LINE.
Analyze CharactersAnalyze Characters
Dynamic-a character changes and grows Dynamic-a character changes and grows Static- a character remains the same Static- a character remains the same Flat-one dimensional; has only one or two Flat-one dimensional; has only one or two
qualitiesqualities Round-multi-dimensional; has many qualities Round-multi-dimensional; has many qualities Stock character-a stereotypical character Stock character-a stereotypical character
(villian, mean librarian, etc.) (villian, mean librarian, etc.)
Remember a character can be flat and static. Remember a character can be flat and static. Most flat, static characters are also Most flat, static characters are also stereotypical, or stock characters. stereotypical, or stock characters.
A character can be dynamic and round at the A character can be dynamic and round at the same time.same time.
Analyze ConflictsAnalyze Conflicts
Internal- man vs. self (Example: Should I Internal- man vs. self (Example: Should I cheat?)cheat?)
External- man vs. man External- man vs. man
DialogueDialogueDialogue= conversation between characters. Dialogue= conversation between characters.
Prose dialogue is written in quotation marks.Prose dialogue is written in quotation marks. In drama, it generally follows the name of the In drama, it generally follows the name of the
speaker- seen belowspeaker- seen below
BENVOLIO. My noble uncle, do you know the BENVOLIO. My noble uncle, do you know the cause?cause?
MONTAGUE. I neither know. MONTAGUE. I neither know.
Stage Directions Stage Directions
• Notes in a play that describe how the Notes in a play that describe how the work should be performed, or staged- work should be performed, or staged- such as scenes, lighting, sound such as scenes, lighting, sound effects and character actions. effects and character actions.
• Usually set in italics and are Usually set in italics and are sometimes set off in brackets or sometimes set off in brackets or parentheses. parentheses.
• Example:Example:• Scene iii. Friar Lawrence’s cell [Enter Scene iii. Friar Lawrence’s cell [Enter
FRIAR LAWRENCE alone, with a basket.]FRIAR LAWRENCE alone, with a basket.]
Stage DirectionsStage Directions
Sally: Good Morning, teacher.Sally: Good Morning, teacher.Teacher: Good Morning, Sally.Teacher: Good Morning, Sally.Sally: What do you want us to do this Sally: What do you want us to do this morning?morning?Teacher: I want you to get out your Teacher: I want you to get out your homework.homework.Sally: Great.Sally: Great.
Same skit with stage directions included. Same skit with stage directions included.
Sally: (loudly) Good Morning, teacher.Sally: (loudly) Good Morning, teacher.Teacher: (acting irritated) Good Teacher: (acting irritated) Good Morning, Sally.Morning, Sally.Sally: (laughs rudely) What do you want Sally: (laughs rudely) What do you want us to do this morning?us to do this morning?Teacher: (sternly) I want you to get out Teacher: (sternly) I want you to get out your homework.your homework.Sally: (sarcastically) Great.Sally: (sarcastically) Great.
And again.And again.
Sally: (cheerfully) Good Morning, Sally: (cheerfully) Good Morning, teacher.teacher.Teacher: (smiles) Good Morning, Teacher: (smiles) Good Morning, Sally.Sally.Sally: (sweetly) What do you want us Sally: (sweetly) What do you want us to do this morning?to do this morning?Teacher: (energetically) I want you to Teacher: (energetically) I want you to get out your homework.get out your homework.Sally: (excitedly) Great.Sally: (excitedly) Great.
Dramatic SpeechesDramatic Speeches
Monologue- a long, uninterrupted speech Monologue- a long, uninterrupted speech delivered to other characters on stage.delivered to other characters on stage.
Soliloquy- (solo) a speech in which a Soliloquy- (solo) a speech in which a character, alone on stage, reveals private character, alone on stage, reveals private thoughts that the audience is allowed to thoughts that the audience is allowed to overhear.overhear.
Aside-a brief remark a character makes to the Aside-a brief remark a character makes to the audience rather than to the other characters. audience rather than to the other characters.
Now use your guided notes paper- Now use your guided notes paper- AGAIN.AGAIN.
Romeo & Juliet!!Romeo & Juliet!!
Romeo and Juliet: IntroductionRomeo and Juliet: Introduction
Verona, ItalyVerona, Italy
Feud between Capulets and MontaguesFeud between Capulets and Montagues
The Montagues and the Capulets hate each other.
Romeo and Juliet: IntroductionRomeo and Juliet: Introduction
Is there such a thing as love at first sight? Is there such a thing as love at first sight?
Romeo Montague sneaks into a Capulet party.
He and Juliet Capulet can’t take their eyes off each other.
That’s before the well known romantic exchange on her balcony.
Romeo and Juliet: IntroductionRomeo and Juliet: Introduction
But the couple has a friend in the local priest—But the couple has a friend in the local priest—if only Friar Laurence can coax the families if only Friar Laurence can coax the families toward peace. toward peace.
Neither family is pleased with their interest in each other.
Romeo and Juliet: IntroductionRomeo and Juliet: Introduction
and even leads and even leads to revenge and to revenge and death.death.
But meanwhile, the feud between the families
is getting worse
Romeo and Juliet: BackgroundRomeo and Juliet: Background
• In Romeo and Juliet a prologue in sonnet (type of poem) form summarizes the play for the audience
Prologue- introduction before the first act.
• Most lines in the play, like the lines of a sonnet, are in iambic pentameter—ten syllables of a steady unaccented/accented pattern.•Creates a beat/rhythm when read.
Romeo and Juliet question Romeo and Juliet question
During the 1300s in Verona, Italy— in the setting During the 1300s in Verona, Italy— in the setting for for Romeo and Juliet—Romeo and Juliet—it was customary for a it was customary for a father to arrange a suitable marriage for his father to arrange a suitable marriage for his daughter.daughter.
Prologue activityPrologue activity
Do 1-5 thoroughly for homework.Do 1-5 thoroughly for homework.
Stage Directions Exit Stage Directions Exit Questions 1 & 2Questions 1 & 2
Choose the correct description for the following words in Choose the correct description for the following words in parenthesis:parenthesis:
(Reciting)(Reciting)(whistling)(whistling)(at the gate)(at the gate)
A They establish the setting and foreshadow upcoming A They establish the setting and foreshadow upcoming conflict.conflict.
B They contribute to the characterization and B They contribute to the characterization and relationship between the actors.relationship between the actors.
C They indicate how the lines should be spoken and C They indicate how the lines should be spoken and describe offstage activity.describe offstage activity.
D They describe what the stage looks like and how the D They describe what the stage looks like and how the actors should speak and move.actors should speak and move.
What would be gained if the drama were What would be gained if the drama were performed instead of read?performed instead of read?
A The emotions of the characters would A The emotions of the characters would be more apparent.be more apparent.
B The characters would be more essential B The characters would be more essential to the plot.to the plot.
C The plot would come to a conclusion C The plot would come to a conclusion more quickly.more quickly.
D The foreshadowing would be more D The foreshadowing would be more effective.effective.
2015 STOP HERE2015 STOP HERE
Literature book page 808 ACT I
Sampson: Nurse: Gregory: Mercutio: Abram: Servingman 1: Benvolio: Servingman 2: Tybalt: Servingman 3: Officer: Capulet: Lady Capulet: Montague: Lady Montague: Prince: Romeo: Juliet:
Romeo and Juliet Exit ticketRomeo and Juliet Exit ticket
Who is fighting in the beginning of Who is fighting in the beginning of Act I?Act I?
What does Aside mean?What does Aside mean?
Are you confused about the play? Are you confused about the play? Write your question here on your paper.Write your question here on your paper.