Dr Yamini Thankachy

MBBS.MPH.

Tobacco products

TONGUE CANCER

GANGRENE

LUNGS FILLED WITH TAR

Smoking: A Risk Factor for TB

• ↑ risk of TB infection by 1.73 times as compared to non-smokers.

• ↑ risk of TB disease by 2.3 to 2.7 times compared to non-smokers.

• ↑ risk of TB mortality by 1.60 times compared to non-smokers.

Bates et al.. 2007 CoreGen

Second-hand Smoking & TB

• Exposure to second-hand smoke increases the risk of getting TB infection by 3.3 times than the non-smokers.

• The risk of TB infection due to passive smoking exposure is significantly higher among children than adults.

• Dose-response relationship between exposure intensity and risk of TB infection depends on number of cigarettes consumed by family members & proximity of contact with smoking members

CoreGenLin et al. 2007

Smoking – TB Clinical Manifestation, Conversion & Relapses

• TB smokers has higher possibility of experiencing pulmonary TB, clinical manifestations, having cavitary lesions, and to be smear-positive.

• Smoking is not associated with sputum conversion two months after treatment, but smoking prolongs the conversion time among smokers than among non-smokers.

• Smoking is an independent predictor of TB relapse, in addition to irregular treatment and drug resistance

GenOpChiang et al., 2007

Cessation Messages: TB Patients

• 66% TB patients in India (Kerala) received general or TB specific message about quitting four or more times during treatment 98% received advice at the beginning of treatment 69% received advice at the end of treatment

• 1.3% of TB patients were never advised about quitting

• 50% of TB patients who received messages were only given general advice to quit smoking.

OpSupPradeepkumar AS, et al. 2008.