tm 5-271 light stream-crossing equipage 1943

7/30/2019 TM 5-271 LIGHT STREAM-CROSSING EQUIPAGE 1943

1/67

EQUIPAGE

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icDomain,Google-digitized

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ARDEPARTMENT,

April10,1943.

GEQUIPAGE^^^'

___________ 1-2

----------------------------'------3-11

ortraft.

osition,andassignmentof

_ ______________ _ __ 12-14

_____________________ 15-23

______________________ 24-27

_____________ :_________ 28-32

ysupport____________ 3335

____ 36-39

______________________ 40-42

tbridges______ ,_________ 43-50

dtransportationofraft

page_____________ 5157

M1938___________________________ 58-71

nceboatand6-tonfloat,pneumatic.

__________ 72-73

______________________ 7477

_____________________ 78-82

____________ 83-89

_______ _ ...65

manualsuppliestechnicalinforma-

tion,use,andmaintenanceofthefollowing

quipage:

2.

dexpedientassaultboat bridge.

anceboatand6-tonpneumaticfloat.

oO

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3/67

S

eringotherstream-crossingequipageare

274(whenprinted),and TM5-275(when

calconsiderationsinstreamcrossings

gisdividedinto threephasesasfollows:

singofthefirst infantrytroopsbymeans

atsor transportaircraftmaybeusedto

ats.

tructionofinfantrysupportraftstocarry

ponscarrierstothefarshore.Someof the

peration.Wheneverpracticableafoot-

gthisphase.In someinstancesexpedient

econstructedofinfantrysupportraft

ridgesarebuilt.

ybecontinuedinoperation.Ponton

terdirectartilleryfireandall small-arms

rombridgesites.


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4/67

GEQUIPAGE

ge3

ent8

ipage.Assaultboatsarelight, easily

arrythe leadingelementsoftheassaultin

M2assaultboats arealsousedin construc-

raft andtheexpedientassaultboatbridge.

.Assaultboatsareissuedtoengi-

eInciuded m

eTotal

2142

norengineer

.a.Designfeatures.(1)Theas-

2)is ascowtypeplywoodboatwitha square

htlytaperedbow.Eachboat isequipped

ER-,rTREADWAYSPACER-INNER/ HINGE

2.


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sandoneboat-connectingpin,sothattwo

therstern-to-sterntoformanassault boat

acers,tosp;icetheplywoodtreadways,are

ftheassaultboats andareusedwhenthe

ridge.

fassaultboatM2.

asthefollowingspecifications:

ches.

ches.

0pounds.

oardof4inches5,300pounds.

oardof8inches(ap-

tboatare',{6-inchmahoganyplywood,

wood,andthe transomis%-inchfirply-

thebottom,sides,andends oftheboatare

ipswhicharefastenedtothe boatwith


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EQUIPAGE5

deofthe bottomiscoveredwithaflooring

frames.Thestripskids,fixedtothe

ngloadingandtransport,aremadeof oak.

edrab.

eingpaddledbythree-manengineercrew.

arrying12infantrymenandthree-manengineercrew.

mancrewisneededtooperatetheas-

Theboatwillcarrysafelyanyone ofthe

-equippedinfantrymenandweaponsinaddi-

neercrew:

n)withindividualweaponsandcombat


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unsquads(tenmen)withtwocaliber.30

boxesof ammunition.

squad(sevenmen)withcaliber.30heavy

sofammunition.

anheavymachine-gunsquad,three-manengineer

caliber.30,and13boxesofammunition.

arryingseven-man81-mmmortarsquad,three-manengineer

50roundsofammunition.

nsquad(sevenmen)withcaliber.50

esofammunition.

ads(tenmen)with two60-mmmortars

on.


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EQUIPAGE5

evenmen)with81-mmmortarand 50

onplatoonwiresection(eightmen)

.

beingloadedwith37-mmantitankgun.

carryingfive-manantitankguucrew,three-manengineercrew,

100roundsofammunition.

edtogetherare bestusedtocarrythe

tsfive-mansquad,anengineercrewof at

st 100roundsofammunition.


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ecombat-equippedsoldiersarerequired

eapons,equipment,andammunition.The

ila point100to200 yardsfromthestream

turnedover,carrieduprighttothewater's

arrieduprightbytwelveinfantrymen.

anengineercrew,Theengineerin

t thesternandsteers.Theother twoen-

elateithersideof thebowandpaddle.

engersalsopaddle.

ment.Theboatsarenestedfor

maybecarriedon2V^-tontrucksoron

Handling.(1)Tosaveweightthe

edthan heaviertypesofsmallboatsin

andledwith care.

breakeasily.Caremustbeexercisedto

readway.

airstothebottomor sidesoftheassault

yingplywoodandmetalpatchesto theout-

ingmethodissatisfactoryforeffecting

etheholetoan openingofsquareorrec-

eofplywoodto fittightlyinthe enlarged


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EQUIPAGE

esofaluminumorother metal,eachpiece

he enlargedopeningandprovidespacefor

otheopening,placeone metalpatchon

the inside,andnailtheminto place,clinch-

osening.

pairedwithpatchesofsheetmetal,pref-

coatingofwhite leadontheoutsideand

clinchedontheinside.Bullet holesmay

thpegs,wadsofpaper,adhesivetape,or

bereplaced.

ive-drabpaintissatisfactorysincethe

elativelyshortperiodsoftime.The boat

e arewellprotectedbyconstructionand

sseldomrequired.Whenrecalkingis

rinecalkingcompoundsuchascanoeglueis

dneverbeusedin theseboats.Itisnot

tbeforeusingit.

houldbestoredundercover,protected

orebeingplacedinstoragefor protracted

d,cleaned,inspected,and,ifnecessary,

aceis limited,boatsmaybenestedin

The bottomofthelowermostboatineach

refullysoastosupportit andallowfree

ofassaultboatMl.

assaultboatMl(fig. 10)hasbeen

boatM2.Sincea considerablenumberof

,thisboatis describedbriefly:

e,flat-bottomedboatconstructedof

heslong,weighsabout200pounds,andhas

mately3,000poundswitha5-inchfree-

mallerthanthatof theM2assaultboat).


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tiontothetwo-manengineercrew,anyone

mbat-equippedinfantrymenandweapons:

idualweapons.

lightmachinegun,andtwentyboxes

heavymachinegun,andthirteenboxes

machinegun,andfourboxesofammu-

mmortar,and50 roundsofammunition;

ortar,and150 roundsofammunition.

entofinfantrycommunicationplatoon

otequippedwithhingeconnections

ntons.


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EQUIPAGE12-14

position,andassignmentofequipage.12-14

15-23

2

ysupport33-35

2

tbridges43-50

dtransportationofraftand

e51-57

ANDASSIGNMENTOF

4

trysupportraftisusedto ferrycom-

aneight tonsgrossweight.Construction

hesecondphaseofa rivercrossing.

n constructionoftheraftsmaybeused

theinfantrycoveringforce.Assoonas

ableandthesituationpermits,raftsare

peration.

ftrequiressix assaultboats(M2)con-

ern,toformthreeassaultboat pontons;

sixfordeckingontheraftand twofor

twelvesiderailclamps;one22-horsepower

paddles;andfourguylines.All ofthe

raft(pluscertainspares),constituting

tableI),iscarriedon onetruckandtrailer.

ge.Thelightpontoncompanyis

upportrafts,andarmyengineerdepots

age.Nootherengineerorganizationis

ortraft.


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rtraft

carriedononetruckand trailer)

withconnectingpin

2feet-.....

epowerwithaccessories,

carryingcase(sevenper

g-._ _

_.._

ot(guvline)

pletewithtwoconnecting

GE

17

saultboatM2is describedinpara-

Aplywoodtreadwayhasanover-all

of7inches,and awidthof3 feet1inch.The

s12feet.Eachtreadwayis equippedwith

whichare heldinplace,whennotin use,by

din thesidesofthetreadway.A flexible

he fingersandinsertingaconnectingpin

holesoftwotreadways.Arigidjoint ismade

ofone treadwaywiththefingersofthe


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EQUIPAGE

URFACE

LES

adway.

pin.Twotreadwayconnectingpins,

plywoodtreadway,areheldinplaceinthe

inspringlocks.Thepinis L-shapedand

feet11%inches long,%inchindiameter,

esistingsteel.

sareusedtostrengthenthe raftand

avingthetreadways.Thesiderailsare

12feet.Inthe constructionofaraft,the

heinside edgesoftheplywoodtreadway

lclampsto theunderedgesoftheassault

eefig.12.)

mpsareusedin eachrafttoholdto-

odtreadways,andassaultboatpontons.

thesiderail clampusedwiththe10-ton

sabout10pounds.

nesareused toalinetheraftduring

during loadingandunloadingofve-

d200feet of%-inchmanilaropeforthis

achraftunitincludesone22-horse-

mpletewithaccessories,spareparts,and

heemptychestweighs100pounds;with

esitweighs150pounds;the motorweighs

s40 minutesononefilling(2%gallons)

mationisprintedon thegastankof

ssofthe motorswhiletheyareinuse,

mthemotortothehandrailof thefloat.

t.Onewoodenchestisincludedwith

ail clampsandspareconnectingpins.

eelutilitytrailerusedtotransportthe

ruck-typesuspensionanda rectangular-


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15/67

ERS

elmembers.Thedrawbaristelescopic,

entsoflengthforvariousloadings.The

oximately2,000poundsandwillcarrya

whenthe traileristowedbya 21^-ton

eed3,300pounds.Hand-operatedscrews,

eusedto holdtheloadin position.

6

siteshouldpossessthefollowing

silyconstructedapproachroadsfrom

riorconstructionofthenear-shore

linorderto getraftequipmenttotheriver.

oresitesneednotbe directlyoppositeone

rrentisdesirable.Locationofsiteina

ndis favorable.

dbefreefromsnags,rocks,shoals,

chwouldinterferewithmovementof

notbesohighor steepastorequire

pproach.Theyshouldbefirmenough

clearedareaatthenear-shoresitei s

stackingassaultboats,treadways,clamps,

Tacticalconsiderationsgoverningse-

in FM5-6.

heapproachroadfromtheexisting

d,andthesiteclearedto providespace

ndloadingofrafts.Theraft equipage

t constructionsites.Preparationof

tionofthetreadwaysupport(sec.V),

etimethe assaultboatsareavailablefor

e.Theraftcanbebuilteitherdi-

ruckloads, orfromequipagepreviously


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16/67

GEQUIPAGE

equipageshouldbeplacedclosetothe

eisrequired forraftconstructionwhen

ayconnectingpinsarebent,when boat

t,fouled,oriced,or whenthereisdirtor

fingers.

portraft(sketch).

Theequipageforastandardraft

8 plywoodtreadways,6siderails,12side-

tor,and4 guylines.Acompletedraft,

uylines,is showninfigure12.Oner aft

roximately5minutesas follows:

placedstern-to-stern,paralleltoshore,

htwoboatconnectingpinsto makean

3).A lineisfastenedtoeach endandheld

t.*

ysarebalancedacrossthegunwalesof

dwayspacers(fig.14).

recarriedforwardandtheir endsin-

irstpair(fig.15);two treadwayconnecting

ointtoformthe rigidconnection.


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boatsM2beingjoinedstern-to-stern.

eadwaysplacedonfirstassaultboatponton.


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EQUIPAGE

edtreadwaysareliftedto allowsecond

enteredundersecondpairof treadways

oatpontonisshiftedintocorrectposition

ysis connectedtosecondpair.Shore-

eraisedto permitthirdassaultboatponton

econdpairoftreadways.

ultboatpontonbeinginstalled.

tionunder them(fig.18).Jointbetween

eadwaysshouldbe nesttoriverward

atponton.A guylineisfastenedto each

onton.

boveinsideedgeofeachtreadway.

areusedto fastensiderails,treadways,


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19/67

ogether.Screwpartofclampis placed

edpartovertopof siderail,andclampis

nloadandloadraft areplacedacross

ultboatpontoninstalled.

tboatpontoninstalled.

pedtodownstreamendofcenterponton

aredforoperation.

dreadyto transportinfantryammuni-

tofarshore. Constructionofanother

ybyconstructiondetail.Raftloadsfrom

port(sec.V).


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GEQUIPAGE

ft.

n30

ingpartiesrequiredfortheconstruc-

t-carrying,thetreadway-carrying,the

ylinesections.A suggestedorganization

ws:

srapidconstructionofthe initialraft

thesamesite.Whentheraft iscon-

theshore,sufficientpersonnelispro-

t atime;whentheraftis constructed

theboat-carryingsectionisreducedto

rtheboatsintoplace.


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ERS

.a.Thissectionconsistsofone non-

sixteenmen,additionalmenbeingadded

ongdistance.'Eightmenarerequired

ches,anddeliverstwoboatsat atime

on.Thesectionthencarries,launches,

thenext twopontonsoftheraft.The

pontonsintoplacebeneaththetreadway.

s,places,andfastensthesiderails after

placedandspacedbythetreadway-carry-

tions.

ction.a.Thissectionconsistsofone

ndsixteenmen.Eightmenare required

enumbermust beincreasedwhenitis

ce.

aysisbroughtdownandbalancedacross

n.

waysisconnected.Thetreadway-car-

oreends oftheconnectedtreadwaysso

tionmaypushthesecondassaultboat

aysisconnectedandthethirdassault

scribedinc above.

thetwoapproachtreadways,asdirected

thenear-shoreendoftheraft treadways.

n.a.Thissectionconsistsofonenon-

fourmen.Thesectiontakesitsplacein

firsttwo boatsfromtheboat-carrying

ontonisassembledandheldin position

onwhilethefirst pairoftreadwaysis

arryingsection.

treadwaysis connected,theriveras-

iningthemtogetherand theninsertsthe

gpinsineachjointtoformthe rigid

ontonisshiftedintoits correctposition

on.

the treadwaycarriersinconnectingthe

ssectionconsistsoffourmen.The

guylinetoeachend oftheriverwardassault

nposition(fig.12).Thelines arepayed


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EQUIPAGE32-35

ast pontonisplaced,guylinesareat-

near-shoreponton.Theguylinesection

hileitis beingloaded.

WAYSUPPORT

ortmustbeprovidedasa bearingfor

etreadwaysofthe raftwhenloadingor

.Dependingonthesite,thissupportmay

wwateror onshore.

.a.Theshallowwatersupportis

rclosetoshoreis tooshallowtofloatthe

a shoresupport.Itispreferablethat

nchesdeepwithinlessthan 20feetofshore,

treadwaysareconnectedtoshoretread-

ntsas shown.Thetopofthesupport

4to6 inchesabovewaterlevel.Itmay

oundtogetherwithrope,orof planks,logs,

he shoretreadwayoftheraftdeckrides

the raftisloaded.Duringloading,the

estheend oftheshoretreadwaydown

pport(fig.21).Whenthevehicleis loaded

yisdisconnected,theshoretreadwayof

thesupportasshown.Ifthe raftcan-

0feetofshore,the approachcanbeextended

adways.

resupportisutilizedif thesitehas

0inchesor more)closetoshoretofloat

dingtheassault boatpontons.Thesup-

showninfigure22 withitstopsurface

aterlevel.Itmayconsistof firmearthcut

ce,orofasill laidattheproper elevation.

equiredasshownforloadingthe raftbut

ng.Withsiteconditionsasshownin

nkmaybe utilizedasashoresupport

on.Theendsofthetreadwaysareheld

eslopingbank byguylinesasvehiclesare


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ersupport.

ofshallowwatersupport.


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GEQUIPAGE

rt.

motor38

_ 39

rryoneloaded2y2-tontruck (fig.23),

uscombinationsoflighter vehiclessuchas

e^4-tontrucks.

.Thefollowingprecautionsshould

unloading:

mlysecured.

elyplacedwith respecttotreadway

and offraftatslowspeed.All-wheel-

withvehiclessoequipped.

ardmotor.Trainingandpractice

useof outboardmotorstopropelrafts.

nstreamsofsufficientdepth.Thepropeller

ood,anditmust bekeptfreefromweeds

Onemotorattachedto thecenterponton

Theraftshouldapproacha landingwith

ts pointingeitherintothewindor against

onwhichisthe stronger.Thispermits

eraft.


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g2^-tontruck.

ing.Thewidthofthestreamde-

fora rafttocross.Araft consistingof

spropelledbyone22-horsepowermotor

urunloaded,and2 to3milesper hour

ftpropelledbytwo22-horsepowerout-

milesperhourwhenemptyand5 to6

erfavorableconditions,about2minutes

nloadonevehicle;thetimerequiredvaries

raft41

raft42

nallydesirabletoutilizetheinfantry

onstructraftsofgreater capacitythanthe

tonraft.Thisraft(fig.24)utilizes

nda deckofeighttreadways.Theeffec-

.Theraftisspeciallydesignedto accom-

ertowedbya21/2-tontruck.

tonraft.Thisraft(fig.25)utilizes

nda deckofsixtreadways.Itisdesigned

ithangledozer.


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GEQUIPAGE

t-boatpontonraft.

boatpontonraft.


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ERS

TBRIDGES

tion44

dgewithdouble-treadwaydeck46

eadwaybridge47

9

dgewithtriple-treadwaydeck50

Asanexpedient,infantrysupport

to constructabridgethatwillcarrythe

scarriersofaninfantrydivision.Sucha

2^-toncargotruck.However,thebridge

nuoususe,becauseofthelightconstruction

ys.Thebridgeis heldinpositionwiththe

dinchapter6.Approximately190feet

mthematerialsofsixrafts.

aration.Theselectionofthebridge

actorsastheinfantrysupportraft site

a satisfactoryfar-shoresitedirectlyopposite

proachroadstothe expedientbridge

andmaintenancethanraftsiteapproach

ervolumeoftraffichandledby thebridge.

expedientassault,boatbridgemay

ble-treadwaydecksimilartothedeckofthe

ha solid,ortriple-treadway,deck.

tbridgewithdouble-treadway

adwaybridge(fig.26)has thefollowing

-treadwaybridge(fig.29):

requickly.

ays.

ructionparty.

ridgehasthefollowingdisadvantages

e-treadwaybridge:

afficcapacity,especiallyatnight,when

pon treadways.

nghorsesormules,becauseofcenter

ngsolomotorcycles.

e-treadwaybridge.Construction

dgeisgenerallysimilartothat ofthein-

owingorganizationissuggestedfor


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GEQUIPAGE

efloats,usingtheequipageas itisunloaded

truction

bridgewithdouble-treadwaydeck.

Boat-carryingsection.Thissection,

missionedofficerandsixteenmen,carriesthe

efromthetrucksto theriverandlaunches

hboat.

tion.Thissection,consistingofone non-

sixteenmen,carriesthetreadwaystothe

ayfingersinto thoseofthetreadwaysin

ebridgeso astoforma rigidjointbe-

.26.)Treadwaysarespacedbetweenthe

ersas intherafts.Eachtreadwayis

derailsection,consistingofonenon-

eightmen,delivers,places,andclampsthe

t pontons.Asiderailisplaced abovethe

aywiththe 6-inchsidevertical.Theyare


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drailswithsiderailclampsplacedscrew

curedtoapproachtreadwaysbysiderail

partsdown,and,ifnecessary,holesaredug

lowerendsoftheseclampsfromstriking the

sovertheapproachtreadways(fig.26).

beplacedon their6-inchsidesontheinside

ccommodatethey-tontruck.

(1)Theriverassemblysection,con-

sionedofficerandtenmen,connectsthe

ultboatpontons andplacesthetreadway

dwayjoints.Thefirst bayofthebridge

ayslocatedthesameontheassaultboat

upport raft.Thesecondandfollowing

paced10feetapart, center-to-center.

saultboats toformassaultboatpontons,

Fourmeninserttreadwayconnectingpins

pontonsunderthetreadwaysasrequired.

ficerdirectsthenear-shoreassemblyofthe

uylinesectionconsistsof onenoncom-

manperguyline. Guylinesmaybeused

ge doesnotexceed150feetandthe current

r hour;otherwise,anchorcablesshouldbe

attachesguylines totheupstreamand

r-shoreassaultboatpontonandto every

herefrom.

Whenananchorcableistobeused,one

ndmaintainthe anchorcable.Thesection

ssionedofficerandeightmen.

oadsthematerialsandthe assaultboats

able.

tthenear-shoreholdfastcarrythe

oneratchetchainhoist,fourcableclips,

cessarytoolsto thepointdesignatedbythe

sthelocationfor thenear-shoreholdfast

oad intotheboattheanchorcable,

es,fourcableclips,oneholdfastwithnine

ytoolsandlashingsforthe construction

r-shoreholdfast.(Seefig.27.)

bleispassedfromthe boattothetwo

-shoreholdfast.Thenoncommissioned

movesacrossthestream.


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EQUIPAGE

hanchorcableattached.

hore,range polesmarkingthefar-shore

replacedbythenoncommissionedofficer.

ationofthe far-shoreanchorcableholdfast.

e completedholdfastbymeansoffourcable

dbythetwomenonthe nearshore(fig.28).

e farshoretomaintainthefar-shore

sionedofficerandtheremainingfivemen

ore.

inhoistusedwithcablegripstoadjustanchorcabletension.


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aintainthenear-shoreholdfast.

dofficerdirectstheattachmentofthe

ablefromtheassaultboat pontons.One

hethirdassaultboatpontonfrom thefar-

dtoeverysixthassaultboat pontonthere-

neendof abridlelineto theanchor

nassaultboatpontonasdirected bythe

,adjuststhelengthofthebridleline as

ovesacrossthe stream,andmakesthe

leline whenthebridgereachesthefar

dtothefar-shoreendofthe bridgeto

towardthefar shoreasthebridgeis

s.Theendsofthefloatingportions

dto shorebyhinge-joint-connectedtread-

orunloadingsimilarto thoserequired

lsorequiredforexpedientassaultboat

uy linesareattachedtoassaultboat

assistinholdingthe bridgeinplace

tbridgewithtriple-treadway

heexpedienttriple-treadwaybridgeuti-

waysperbaytoprovidea soliddeckof8

Theconstructionofthisbridgeis similar

dwaybridgewiththefollowingexceptions

, 1i.

W

ORT

ssaultboatbridgewithtriple-treadwaydeck,


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EQUIPAGE50-54

edin placeoftwo.

onsareinsertedbetweeneachouter

eadway.

onoutsideedgesofoutertreadways;

withscrewpartup.

of spacersonthepontonsareused.

anizationforthetriple-treadwaybridge

ctionofthedouble-treadwaybridgewith

thetreadway-carryingsectionisin-

eriverassemblysection;hisdutyi s

nsbetweenadjacenttreadways.

Theabutmentconnectionsaremadein

edouble-treadwaybridge.(Seepar.49

DTRANSPORTATIONOFRAFT

EQUIPAGE

page57

maintenanceofassaultboatsiscovered

Sincetreadwaysaremadeofplywood,

d,dry,andwell ventilatedatalltimeswhen

esorlessin thesandedflooringofthe

redwithsheetmetalfastenedwithsmall

ndleavesfromenteringand causingthe

aystorot anddecay.Treadwayswith

aced.Afingershould notberepairedin

oneinshops.

ouldbecleaned,inspected,andpainted

eoperationofoutboardmotorscanbe

nstructionscontainedinthemanufacturer's

nedintheuse ofmotorsshouldberespon-

dmaintenance.Thefollowingpointswill

ainingoutboardmotors:


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ERS

eprovidedandmust alwaysbeusedwhen

ck.Motorsmustriotbe dropped,whether

d becoveredwhennotinuse.

anufacturerregardingpropermixture

ardingsparkplugsareespeciallyimportant

tly.

sfrequentlycausefailureofanoutboard

eproperly.Operatorshouldalwayscarry

rysparkplugsin hispocketsothatplugscan

ary.

hibitedfromdisassemblingmotor,except

nsertingspareparts,and removingand

Otherrepairsshouldbeperformedin

fskilledmechanics.

edin replacingshearpin,damagedpro-

whichsparesarefurnishedwiththemotor.

edrained ofallwaterwhilestill ina

entswaterfromenteringcylindersthrough

tingandhardstartinglater.Motor should

anddirt.

.Siderailclampsshouldbetight-

connectingpinsatthejointsshouldbe

ns donotworkout.Damagedequipage

mentofthebridgeshouldbe maintained

Theclampsandguylinesshould

mpnessseriouslyaffectsthelife ofrope;

emadeforcleaning,drying,andcoilingthe

tsgrit fromworkingintoandcuttingthe

he clampsshouldnotbelubricated;this

ofdirtand dustthatcausesmoreserious

oeslackoflubrication.

quipage.Attachmentofraftsto

rmallyin incrementsofsixraftstogether

whichareloadedonsix2^-tontrucksand

s.Acompleteraftsetis carriedonone

x assaultboatsandsixsiderailsare

ultboatmaybe carriedupsidedownon

mulationofwaterinsidethe boats.Tread-

dtheremainingsmallpartsofthe raftare

etwoferrysets canbecarriedonanytwo


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GEQUIPAGE58-60

entofequipage59

ipage60

2

bridgesite63

onbysuccessivebays64

5

quipage70

dgeisusedforrapidpassageoffoot

enreinforced,it willalsocarry37-mm

nmentofequipage.a.Bridge

ffootbridgeconsistsof

oothandle-__.

footlengths,withsnapsoneachend(bridle

0-footlengths(handraillines)

0-footlengths(guylines)

nized,6by19,caststeel,600-footlengths,

anchorcable).

bridgeisissued toeachlightponton

equipage.a.Duckboard.(1)

)is madeofwhitepineandconsists ofa

by7by22 inchesmountedontwolongi-


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nchesby 12feet.Theduckboardweighs

s.Thefloorsurfaceoftheduckboardis

aint.Eachendofthe duckboardhasa

ith whichtoattachtheduckboardto

acerblocksareplacedbeneaththeduckboard

boardonthe floats.

onnectors.

onnectors,latched.

s,forcethewedge-shapedmalefas-

the femalefasteninguntilthelugssnap

ofthe malefastening.Thefasteningsmay

tingatthe topofthehandrailpost.The


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EQUIPAGE

holeintheduckboardslator crosspiece

lefasteningandrotateduntiltheleaves

priedopen enoughtoreleasethemale

efig. 33)isawhite-pinecrate10 feet

sincrosssection.Thecratecontains

,thedisplacementofwhichgivesbuoyancy

s approximately85pounds.Itwill

ndhandrailposts.

eis providedateachendofthe float,

okisprovidedforthefloat cable

sareprovidedontopof eachfloatfor

uckboardorduckboards(threepairsof

theduckboard,theduckboardisplaced

gfastenersonbothsidesof theduckboard

the duckboardstringers.Thehandles

vedclearofthefootway.(Seefigs.34

minumhandrailposthasabronzefitting

areceiverforthehandrailmanilaline and


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37/67

etheduckboardfasteners.Thepostisat-

tringerbymeansofa slotinthebottom

bayareused,oneoneachside ofthe

anchorcableandbridlelinesare used

construction,toaidinaliningit aftercon-

finalposition.Theguylines areusedfor

chorcableand bridlelinesbutguy lines

ge isbuiltin stillwater.Thefloatcable

andoverturningofthefootbridgebyswift

in use;thecableisattachedto theup-

hesiterequirementsaresimilarto

rfloatingbridges.Tacticalrequirements

6.


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EQUIPAGE

edtodupkboard.

uckboardtofloat


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39/67

ERS

naroad,path,or otherclearedapproach

thebridgeequipmenttothe siteand

ntoffoottroopsacrossthe bridge.

thenearshorelargeenoughfor shore

cilitatesconstruction.

ottomatthesite shouldbefirmand

about 6inchesdeepisreachedat adistance

e.It ispreferablethatwaternotover

hed20to 30feetfromshore.

nsareseldomfound;the timeofcon-

ntheyarenotfulfilled.

on.a.Bysuccessivebays.Thenor-

onisbysuccessivebays.Abayconsistsof

,andtwohandrailposts.Singlebaysare

onshore,carriedintothewater,andconnected

e completedportionofthebridge.The

ridgeisthen movedthelengthofonebay

othat thenextbaymaybefloatedand

andbridlelines, orguylines,maybe used

on.Thebridgecanbe constructedin

20to30 feetperminute.

smethod,twoormorebaysareassembled

tachedasaunit totheshoreendof the

ethodrequiresmoremen,moretime,and

ngpartiesthanconstructionbysuccessive

chingasawnit.Theentirebridgemay

donshore,pickedupasaunit,carried out

acrossthe waterway.Thismethodis

ofabridge acrossanarrowandsluggish

mpracticablewhensteepbanks,brush,

present atthebridgesite.

stobridgesite.a.Thefootbridge

ardintrucksto apointnotfarfrom the

disthen hand-carriedtothesite.Equip-

hore assemblysiteinthefollowingorder:

s,tools,duckboards,floats,andhandrails.

oadedanddispatchedinthat order.


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EQUIPAGE

and-carries,theloadsshould bedis-

n.

0 perman.

erman.

n.

men.

ontonunit)10 men.

dto carryanentireunitof thebridgeat

ckboardsstackedatsite.

e site,equipmentshouldbestackedin

lsforanchorcablesandholdfastsarepre-

sareplacedatonesideof thetemplateand

postsontheother.Whensufficientspace

tionsite,materialsmaybe stackedashort

dup asneeded.

ructionbysuccessivebays.a.

isusuallyconstructedbysuccessiveaddi-

ear-shoreend.

tructionshouldbeunderthe supervisionof

onedofficer.Supplyofbridgematerialsto

ya secondofficerornoncommissioned


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nddutiesofsections.

astmate-

noncommis-

eceiveand

omfar-shore

ghtenand

ponorder of

officer.Assist

carry assem-

nunit-

oatwith

sforpreparing

dfast.(Mate-

efloatcable

henfloatcable

orcableto

tofarshore

mboat.

orcable

oldfastand

tightencable.

mblysec-

twobays

ore,shore-

duckboard

ableis

fastandnear-

ghtencable,

bridgefast

lelines to

irected.

horcable

an.One

ofcompleted

nderare

oper inter-

ed.Alinement

andlingof

ssriver.As

shore,final

lelines made

enmoveto


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GEQUIPAGE

d down-

ayofbridge.

irectmove-

rway;two

andfasten

ownstream

rbays of

ytwo men

fastenlines.

allguy lines

ssemble

menhandle

eeachduck-

rails:'total

ateforalin-

rdmaybe

.Noncom-

ork.Place

ceduckboard

twofloats,

easeto

n.

bayfrom

rewardendof

e(oneman

ts).Launch

ssembly

om

n,movebayto

andcouple

ionofbridge

aleduckboard

holdcom-

dassist in

ommissioned

ge and

bridgeout


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43/67

ction

ndoffirst

postonbridge

dshandrail

soneachside

womenre-

streamand

ge,topayout

o picketson

completed.

near-

opointdesig-

edofficerof

tcable

omenprepare

ay outcable;

ofcableto

scableinhook

oat,except

re.a.Officerincharge.Theofficer

erinchargeofconstruction

med.

whetheranchorcablesorguylines

reupstreamendsoffloatsenter waterat

ronfar shore.

structtheirsections,givescommand:

rvisionoverallpartsof work.

es.(1)Anchorcable.(a)Theanchor

ed exceptwhenthethewaterwayhaslittle

mustbeplacedandsecuredbeforebridge

nchorcablesectioncarriestheassaultboat,

unit,andthe necessarymaterialstothe

cableisto crossthestream.Theboatis

bleonits reel,astickonwhichreelmay turn,

ges.

ar-shorepartofthesectionremain

heanchorcablewhileit isbeingunreeled


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EQUIPAGE

orcable.

holdfastwhenasuitableonedoesnot

bleto theholdfast.Thenoncommissioned

etailofsix menpaddleacrossthestream.

the reelinthecenterof theboatand

boatcrossesthestream.Thenoncommis-

eremainingmenpaddle.Uponreachingthe

aded.Thenoncommissionedofficerutilizes

mp)for theanchorcableifoneis available;

llationofapreparedholdfast.Anchor

thenear-shoregrouporderedtotightenit.

ebeingcarriedacrossstreaminassaultboat.


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g.39) isused,asecondholdfastis pre-

e.Thefar-shorementhen standbyto

e.Atthemomentwhenonlytwomore

etebridge,thenoncommissionedofficer

rshore.

ableandanchorcable.

oinsthe assembly-carryingdetailwhen

mpleted.

eused toguidethebridgeacrosswater-

esareattachedasthe bridgeisunder

mmissionedofficerinchargeoftheguy line

andnumberoflinestobe attachedand

elines.Linesare madefasttoduck-

re madefasttotheriverwardend ofthe

.) Mentakepositionsatdesignatedhold-

OARD

es.


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EQUIPAGE

bbing aroundtheholdfastswhennecessary

ebridge.Whenthe bridgeiscompleted,

esaremadefast totheshorepickets.

Theshoreassemblysectionattachesthe

ndfastensthehandrailsto theduckboards.

deof driftpinsorstakesdrivenintothe

one endofeachofthe twofloatsfacilitates

acingtapestretchedbetweenthesestakes

ewhenthebridgeisconstructedatnight.

rassemblyofbay.

oat, procurefloatsandplacethem

achthehandrailpoststo theduckboard

educkboardonthe floats(seefig.42).

connectthemtothe duckboardbymeans

theduckboardisplaced.(Seefig.35.)

dbaytobridge.Theassembly-carrying

mtemplate,carriesthemtoriver,and

feachfloat ofbay.Bayispickedup

owater,andturnedovertor iverassembly

mpletedportionofbridge.(Seefig.43.)

etedportionofbridge.Theriveras-

hebaytotheshorewardendof thecom-

tionismadeasfollows:Fourmenmove

f bridge.Thenoncommissionedofficer

e,guidesthejointstogether,andassists

efig.44.)Twomenofsectionwhohold


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ealso assistinmakingconnection.After

vebeenconnected,completedportionof

12feetand heldtherebytwomen.

embledbaytowaterway.

Onemanofhandrailsectionmakes

stduckboardandthentakespost on

readinghandraillinesthrough handrail

geispushedout.(Seefig. 44.)Thetwo


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EQUIPAGE

onnectedtocompletedportionofbridge.

linesattachedbeingconnectedtobridge.


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oneupstreamand onedownstreamfrom

ines andmakethemfasttonear shore

Far-shoredetailmakesfastthefar-shore

eachesfar shore.Handraillinesarefas-

figure49.

ckboards.Twomenfromshoreas-

picketsapproximately1footfromshore-

ckboardandlashduckboardstringersto

oreassemblysectionperformsameoper-

of bridge.(Seefig.48.)

oatcabletofloat.

Menshouldcrossatdoubletimeand

ttwopaces.Toogreatconcentrationof

useaportionofit tosubmerge.

ueatdoubletime untilrearelements

utecancrossthebridgein daylight

thedark.

icerinchargeofbridgeconstruction

ops.Hestationsanoncommissionedofficer

andcontrolmovement.Priorityoftraffic

e localorhighercommander.Inthe

dgetrafficiscontrolledbythe engineer


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EQUIPAGE67-68

Workingsectionsfordismantlingare

as forconstruction.Ingeneral,thepro-

dge assembly.Anexceptionisthefloat

oncetoexpeditetheremovalofbays

fbridlelines (floatcableinplace).

stenedtoshore.

oatcablehas beenremoved,caremust

adthebridge.

.Assemblyofbays.Thereinforced

educkboards,sixfloats,andtwohand-


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omoneunitof bridge144feetof

onstructed.

blesandfloatcablesarerequiredwith

nthebridgeis carryingmaximumloads

tresistancetothecurrent.

able,bridleline,handrailline,and

thesamesizeas forthenormalbridge

shoreassemblydetailsare required,

ommissionedofficerandtenmen.The

increasedtoonenoncommissionedofficer

asttwo shoreassemblydetailsworking,

beconstructedinabouttwicethe time

thof footbridge.

eadyforuse.

ridgewillcarry

owedbyhand.

f threesatawalk,at rateof100men

f twosatarun,at rateof150men

withwide intervalswhenfloatcables

hsidecarsmayalsocross.

ebayarevirtuallyuselessas ferries

pacityandtheextremedifficultyofcon-

evenin stillwater.Eaftsmadeofone

roftwo bayswithfloatsdovetailedand

fsomeutilityin ferryingoperations,but


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52/67

EQUIPAGE

adaptedto thepurpose.Theserafts

dbymeansof cablesorropes;without

ageable.

eofequipage.a.General.All.

ouldbe carefullyinspectedatfrequent

kenpartsshouldberepairedor replaced,

ted,andgreasedas required.Awell-

shouldbe usedforstoringequipment.

ouldbekeptfromcontactwithgroundand

ayofreinforcedbridge.

lationthroughthestacks.Standardolive-

aintingpartsofequipmentrequiring

emblingthebridgetheduckboardfast-

ouldbehandledcarefully.Thereis much

e dismantlingoperationifeachbayis

whileitis stillafloat.Indisconnecting

ebridge,the lugonendofhandrail post

eytoseparatethespring leavesbyturning

anangleof90.Whenthe jointdoesnot


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53/67

onshouldbeaccomplishedbyjigglingand

anby attemptingtoforcethemapart.

apartwiththehandrailposts resultsonly

rds andhandrailposts.

oroil damagestherubberblocksused

atsshouldnotbe storedindoorsnext

ampipes,noroutdoorsin thesun.The

ksbecomebrittleintime. Tearsand

celeratedeteriorationofthematerial.The

oatstoduckboardsshouldbesecuredbythe

ngof2%-tontruck.

sefastenersshouldbekeptcleanand

ndoiledbeforethe floatsareplacedin

ndrailpostsarenotdesignedfor useas

usedas such.

keptdryandcleanandshould becare-

oiledbeforestoring.Theharnesssnaps

houldbecleaned,dried,andoiledbefore

eshouldbetakentoavoidkinkingcables.

a cabletoholdfasts,asuitableloopshould

hthecableclips provided(seepar.48/).


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EQUIPAGE70-71

nfasteningeitherend.Formationof

f thecableshouldbeavoided.

ourli/z-tontrucks.Thestandardload

etofbridge.Fouriy2-tontrucksare

f thebridge.

Thestandardloadfor2i/-tontruck

e21/^-tontrucksarerequiredtocarryoue

.51.)


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55/67

ERS

AND6-TONFLOAT,

4-77

reconnaissanceboatsand6-tonpneu-

ngineerunits tosupplementothertypesof

ofacilitatereconnaissance,andtocrosssmall

eams.

hisequipmentismadeofrubberized

sarelight inweightandeasilyportable.

6

eumaticreconnaissanceboat(fig.52)

feet wide.Ittaperstoa pointatthebow

untendatthestern. Itisformedof rub-

chesindiameter,whichis dividedbybulk-

ents.Theboathasaflooringof rubberized

oundthe outside.Therearetwoinflat-

10 incheswide,and6inchesdeep.Inside

hcontainsanemergencyrepairkitandtwo

atweighsapproximately55poundsand

mentof1,600pounds.Itwillcarrysix men

reissuedwitheach boat.Deflated,the

ntoa carryingcase3feetlongand18


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56/67

GEQUIPAGE

ssanceboat.

Handpumpsareusedto inflate

nflationbyanair compressorisnotrecom-

nflatedin 10minutesbyuseof twohand

heboatcan beinflatedbymouth.Air

nttoround outtheairchambers.Air

utnot hardandshouldyieldto pressure

hand.

nt. Thepneumaticboatisused pri-

work(fig.53).Inflatedit canbecarried

edtosupplementassaultboatsinsecond

ssings (fig.53).

Thedirectionsinparagraph82for the

pneumaticreconnaissanceboat.The

dwiththereconnaissanceboatis similar

onfloat.

___ 78

____________ 79

_____ -_____________________ 80

_______________ 81

_________ 82

6-tonpneumaticfloat(figs.54and 55)

,and2 feetdeep.Itismadeof rubberized


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57/67

tertube, afloor,andaremovablecentral

esindiameter.

reconnaissance.

rcrossing.

ofpneumaticreconnaissanceboat.

dedbybulkheadsintoeightcompart-

teinflationvalve.Strapsonthe outertube

rstructuretothefloatwhenconstructingex-


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58/67

EQUIPAGE

tubeisdividedinto twocompartments.

place.Thiscentraltubeincreasesthe

aintainsbuoyancywhenthefloatissub-

ovedwhenthefloatis usedasapersonnel

undtheoutsideofthefloat;it isnot

reattachedtothe floatforcarrying

vationof6-tonfloat.

eumaticfloat.

imately375poundsandhasa maximum

ounds.Itiscarriedfoldedin acanvascase

sdeep.Includedineachcaseisan emer-


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ddlesina canvascaseareissuedwitheach

a.Pneumaticfloatsmustbein-

edshould befreeofoil.The floatmay

ly3minutesbyusing afour-hoseinflation-

estandardaircompressor.

the floatshouldnotexceediy2pounds

essuretheairchambersarefirmbut not

appliedbytheheelof thehand.Addi-

ngtobuoyancyandwill damagethefloat.

houldbeanticipated.Floatsinflatedto

meoverinflatedifairis notreleasedasthe

stbeaddedas thetemperaturedrops.Air

kedregularly.

movingvalvecapsandallowingair

airshouldbe drawnoutwiththeinfla-

makethefloateasiertopackin asmall

edfloatsshouldbecarried,not

sthefabric.

nt.a.Personnelcarrier.Thefloat

sar econnaissanceboatoras anassault

g.56).Asanassaultboat, itshouldnot

sit istoovulnerabletosmall-armsfire.

arrypersonnelorequipment,thecentral

sabletolayplanksontheflooring to

bric.Thefloatwillaccommodate15men

maticfloatemployedasanassault boat.


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EQUIPAGE81-82

mnumberthatcanbecrowdedonis30.

rtube andpropelthefloatwithpaddles.

able,asmanyas 15maybeusedto propel

Raftsmaybeassembledofpneumatic

eadways,siderails,andsiderailclamps

equipment(seech.3).Siderails,used

theoutertubesof thefloatsandare

dwaysarelaidacrossthe floatsillsand

esidesofthe floats.Siderailsare

ideedges ofthetreadways.Araftmade

tsandsix plywoodtreadwayshasaca-

0tons.

t.

s notavailable,superstructuremay

materials.Planksmaybeusedas float

esorlarger,telephonepoles,orlogsmay

planksatleast2inchesthick willserveas

dtotie partsofthesuperstructureto-

ceonthefloats.

e constructedwithcentraltubesfrom

milarplanks.(Seefig.57.)

.Storage.Becauseheatandsunlight

ber,pneumaticfloatsshouldbestoredin

eyshouldbekept thoroughlycleaned

dshould bekeptoffthegroundon planks

oatsarestoredon a,beach,theyshould

opreventtheirbecomingfilledwithwater.


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ted,allvalvecapsshould beontightto

yrepairkit.Packedineachfloat-

encyrepairkitcontainingpiecesofrub-

atcher,abottleofrubber cement,valve

oller,a pairofscissors,andwoodenplugs.

Cementrepairs.Smallleakscanbe

atandcoveringthe outsidewiththick

locatedthesurfacearoundthehole

escratcher,andwashedwithbenzine,

,andallowedtodry.At leasttwocoatsof

sofcementtoonepart ofbenzineorgaso-

ea.Whilethisisdrying,a pieceofrub-

eandpreparedinthe samemanner.The

he holeandrolledor presseddown

s,it isnecessaryfirsttopreparethe

a patchinsideofthetube;whereneces-

gedto permitthis.Aftertheinside

allowedtodry anoutsidepatchisapplied

gs.Temporaryrepairofsmallleaks

woodenplugsintherepairkit.They are

twistedtight.

ussionof floatrepairs,seeTIM5-275,

,M3(whenprinted).


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EQUIPAGE83-84

86

setconsistsmainlyofrope,snatch

sewithraftsand otherfloatingequipage

eferries.Theequipmentin theferry

is describedinchapter3.Construc-

uipageis describedinTM5-273.Any

nbe usedasaferryboat.

rryprinciplemaybe usedtopropel

entexceeds2milesper hour.(Seefig.

ssthe streamandmadefasttosuitable

stsare used,thecablemaybeelevated

ameerectedoneachbank.Ratchetchain

cesssagoutofthecablefrom timetotime

ockis attachedsothatthesheaveis

aneuveringlinesarerunfromthe hook

upstreamportionsoftheraft.

edasfollows:Bymeansofthema-

omthefloatsto theblock,theraftis

urrentsothatthe upstreamendsofthe

eshoreto whichitisdesiredto move

sagainstthe upstreamsidesofthe

moveacrossthestream,thesnatch

e.Speedofthe raftincreasesasitsfloats

rentuptoabout45.


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gferryworksonthesameprinciple

at theraftisheld inthestreambymeans

dwellupstreamfromthecrossingsite.

estcurrent.isnearoneshore,theanchor-

he oppositeshore;ifthecurrentis uni-

dbelocatedinmidstream.Thelengthof

oneandone-halftimesthewidth ofthe

rtedatintervalsby floatstokeepitout

madefasttotheraft atitscenter,and

ningtherafttowardoneshore ortheother

e.Astheraftmovesfromshoreto shore,it

railferry.

e,thecenterofwhichis theanchor.The

entvelocityofat least2i/2milesperhour

el.

sion.Theoutboardmotormaybe

etrail ferryorflyingferryto addspeedand

downstream.Twoormoreraftsmayuse

henumberto beuseddependinguponthe

eloadingorunloadingtime.Outboard

one,if thecurrentisnotsufficientforself-


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GEQUIPAGE

yingferry.

satisfactoryarrangementwhenthereis

erryby meansofropes.

dingstagesarenotrequiredforthe

agebutareused forthe10-tonor25-ton

etsarepart oftheorganizational

gengineerunitsandare issuedinthequan-

gineercombat battalion,engineersquad-

any;andfourto eachheavypontonbat-

setis apartofeach unitoflightand

ysetsarecarriedonvehiclesassigned

pportrafts.

nilarope

pe

ckets

and3-toncapacity

alvanizedplowsteel (on

t._

byl}i-inch


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30

2

33

31

0

5026

ansportation51-57,7031,51

3

4930

4,6514,38,39,42

4

,4726

819, 27

,98

dges43-5026

raft4224

3

raft4124

3?


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___________ 12-5711

75-7955,58

______ 8763

________________ 3723

6-23

1

___________________ 1_________ 2113

bridgesite______________________ 6338

__ 36-3923

________ 21,3813,23

______________ 78

__________ 16,5212, 31

float____________________________ 72-8254

__ 8662

____ 33

326

_________ 58-7133

_____ .______________________ 1211

_________ 2213

_____________________________ 51-57 31

_______ 12-5711

___ 40-4224

____________ 72-77 54

_ _______________________________ 68 49

_______ 40-4224

..._______________ _____________ 31 20

______ .______ ._________ 28-32,4819,27

___ _____________________________ 3421

____ _______________ ____________ 3521

_________ 18,5313,31

______________ 4426

_______ 6136

_______________ 24,2514

___ 78-8255

____ 109

____________ 77 55

___ 8259

____ 22

______ 11

________________ 3924

_ 8461

313


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n

TARYOFWAR:

, 10, 17(5); IR 5, (10);B n5(5);

.

lsseeFM21-6.)

www.h


use#pd-google

tm 5-271 light stream-crossing equipage 1943

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