tm 5-270 standard stream crossing equipment, 1940

7/30/2019 Tm 5-270 Standard Stream Crossing Equipment, 1940

1/218

SING

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1j

SINGEQUIPMENT'

MENT,

ember31,1941.

40,ischangedasfollows:

nt.a.Authorityforissue.Assault

ngineertroopsaspartoftheir organiza-

gineercombatbattalionandsquadron

mbatregiment(squaredivision),and

ts;eachcombatregiment(corps),30boats;

y,80boats.Thelightpontonunits are

.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

aultboat.

anizationalequipmentofengineertroops

ck

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

8

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

nmentofequipment.a.Bridge

e equipment,whichprovidesforthe

footbridge,consistsofthefollowing:

ter,galvanized,6by19,cast

chorcable),withreel2

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

equipment.a.Duckboard.(1)

ne,consistsofaseries oftransverse

eTrainingCircularNo.1,WarDepartment,1941.

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3/218

crosssection.Theweightofthe

proximately100pounds.Theslatsare

aintto giveanonskidsurface.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

ration.

e.

Onemanstandsinthewaternearthe

edbridge.Heattachesthe cable

upstreamendofthefirst floatand

ookson theupstreamendsofthe

ermanonshorepaysoutthe cable

eelturnsabouta stickmounted

sa pairofforkedsticksdriven

,theholdfastforthe cablewillbeat

evelofthewater,so thatitwillbe neces-

blei nthehooksoftwoor morefloatsat

ordertopreventthemfrom beingpulled

cableismadefastandtightened.When

t300pounds.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

cipalcomponentsofoneunitofthe

pontons,and thefloorsystemtransported

o-wheeltrailers,withcertainspare

eunitofequipageprovidesabout250

acityor 160feetof20-toncapacity.The

entsofoneunitofequipage.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

nisrectangular* * * fastened

ubdividedinto fourcompartmentsby

eswhichreachtoaheightof 9inchesbelow

hepontonconsistsof woodgratingsrest-

mribsystem.Cleatsare located* * *

Thirty-twoofthesefastenersareofa

pe.Eightadditionalfasteners,whichare

ovidedasspares andaresecuredtothe

at theycanbereadilymovedtoreplace


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ers.Acarryingrail* * * andone

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

stenersintheintervals4-5 and13-14shouldbeshownas

,model1938.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

upbeam* * * inthecolumnabove

completetrestle,lessthechainhoists,

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

balk,4'3"shouldbe shownas4'9".

andsill.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

basicitemsofaunitofponton

onsixsemitrailerseachdrawnbya

26)and onfourtwo-wheeltrailers

otruck(see fig.27).Inaddition,

tors,eachofwhichistransported

ya4-toncargotruck.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

semitrailercarriesasprincipal

nbalk,and 32chess.Thebalkand

edofthesemitrailer.Thepontons

oneon topoftheother.Theyare

eel cablesdrawntautbyreeltype

ghteners.Eachcablehasaprotect-

of y2-inchsteamhose.

umatic-tired,heavyduty,fifth-

with aremovabletoolsandacces-

hcarriessuchauxiliary"bridge

hcables,oarlocks,pumps,siderail

fbeing towedunderfavorable

mumspeedof60 milesperhour.

kesandwithhand-operatedme-


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bya 4-ton,four-wheeldrive

hacargobodywhichcarriesponton

ment,accessories,andspareparts.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

o-wheeltrailersaresimilarto

withthe10-tonpontonequipage,

.Theloadings(principalitems)

railersare loadedwith1trestle

and2sills each(seefig.28);the

dedwith 1trestle,complete,24

oat, each.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

ngtrailerhas abedwhichtilts

omoveonoroff thetrailerquickly

viatesthenecessityforauxiliary

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

The4-ton,six-wheeldrivecargo

efour two-wheeltrailersofone

twotiltingtrailerscarryinglight

ngbed12feet 3incheslongde-

hestandardchess.Forty-eight

edoftwoofthe fourtruckspulling

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

a.Eachsemitrailerisequipped

device.Ahand-operatedpump

ks,oneateachrearcornerofthe

ppedwitha2 Viz-inchdiameter

ongunwalesroll.The Jackshave

he pontonslOVginchesabovethe

thebottomponton restingonthe

dingpontons,theforwardendof

xiliaryroller, designedtoroll

sstoredtopmostbeneaththepon-

ottomponton.The rearendofthe

the hydraulicjacks.Thetwo

thereartoallowthe groundcrew

bottompontonon theground.The


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ngementoftwo-wheeltrailer.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)


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sthefrontend ofthetwopontons

d forwardbyitsprimemover

ont endofthecombinedloadis

.

he firstpontonisplacedwiththe

emitrailerandrearendrestingon

ntonisthen slidintopositionon

9.)Theremainderofthe loading

ereverseofthe unloadingoperation.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

hp.motor.

water,theoutboardmotorshould

erinclineddownwarduntilall

mtheunderwaterexhaustsystem;

etintothe cylindersiftheexhaust

hardstarting evenifthemotoris

fthemotor isstored,serious

esult ifitis storedwitheither

ylinders.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

-hp.motor.

cludedin eachunitofpontonequipage,

nedto combatunitsandlightpontoncom-

oruse withthelightmotors.Asmall

ilesperhour instillwater.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

TION(executedasunderindividualin-

ethemselvesintheorderin whichthey

rightoarsman(strokeoar) takingthe

othersalternating,theeven numbers

instructorthendirectsoneortwo of

movethemoorings,andprepare topush

(Cl,Dec.31,1941.)


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sandtrailers.a.Specialatten-

thetechnicalreconnaissanceof

testothe feasibilityofbringing

versapproximatelytothewater's

clearingatrailin advance.Under

onsthetwo-wheeltrailerscanbeun-

cksandpulledforwardtothe un-

ctor.Afterthetrailersare

dforbringingforwardother loads

alk,chess,etc.Itis alwaysdesir-

imemoverstobeable tobringboth

rwardalltheway tothebridge

ailers,andtrucksare unloaded,

sportationtoconcealedcoverat

sfromthebridgesite.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

al.Thissectioninstalls* * * by

.Thissectionwillnormallyrequirethe

AtthecommandCONSTRUCTTHE

sitsequipmenttothe siteoftheabutment.

eground,approximatelyhorizontal,per-

e bridge,withitscenteronthe center

itsnarrowfacesvertical.Ninepickets

versideofthesill, oneneareachendand

cedalongthesill. Twopicketsusually

re sideofthesill. Assoonasthe

l.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

allowwatermethod.


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aidonitsside ontopofthe twotrestle

embledwiththetransominthis position.

achedtothefootofthe columns.One

shoeshouldbesecuredinthe eyeatthe

othershouldbe securedinthebottom

soonastheyareclearedbyraising the

.'(See fig.22.)One-halfinchsteel

totheshoesand anchoredtopickethold-

e trestlecolumnsfrom"kicking

avyloads.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

oassemblethedeepwatertrestle,* * *

trestleshoesareassembledtothe columns

he hookschainedtotheshoes.One-half

attachedtoshoes andanchoredto

sdescribedforthe shallowwater

inchlinesusedbythe siderailsection

onaremadefast, byclovehitchesattheir

mntops.Thefour * * * intheriver

(C1,Dec.31..1941.)

ess.Thechesslayersplacethem-

earshoreonthe baytobecovered,oneon

otheronbalk Nos.7and8.Theyreceive

andplace themonthebalk,shovingeach

cedingchess.Eachchesshastwoscore

alinedwiththealternateupstream

balkNos.1and 8.Referringto

arkswillbe alinedwiththedown-

1 and8ofodd-numberedfloating

medgesof balkNos.1and8 of

pans.Scoremarkswillbealinedon

efundamentalsenunciatedin


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scarrierdelivershischesstothe chess

idgekeepingwell totherightof theroad-

y* * * whenthecallisagainmade.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

a.Todoublethecapacityofthenormal

ollows:

venadditionalbuoyancybyinterposing

eachpontonspan,thepontonbeing

of thechesstoholdit inplace.Thepon-

ithsufficientmen(or withwater)

ndfacilitatefloatingit underthe

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

y.Thisraftconsistsoftwonormal

.It providesaplatform10%feetby

nofsixesclosedup soastodis-

overtheroadwayof theraft.

s.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

).Arevisionofthissectionwillbe

arisingfromtheadoptionofsemitrailers,

argotrucks(primemoversfortwo-wheel

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

.

thecareandmaintenanceforthe

generallyprescribedformotorvehicles.

giventolubricationandtire inflation.

edfrequently,especiallywhengoinginto

eness.Whenthe trailersarestored,


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Theclampingbeamsshouldneverbe used

egeneralrulesforcareandmain-

o-wheeltrailers.However,the

obebackedbytheir primemovers.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

pairstothe ponton.

ntvaryingdifficulties,dependingon

rtion.Minorcorrectionshavealready

orwhichthe toolssuppliedintheponton

ethodsofcorrectingmoreseriousdistor-

e 46.Inallthese cases* * * facili-

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

ueboat

uipage,model1938l

transportationoflightpontonequipagewill necessitatemanychangesintableI.

ued.


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ed

(C1,Dec. 31,1941.)

4-ton4by 4primemoversinoneunit ofbridge.)

bodies.

ds.

dsontop of

bodies.

obodies.

2trailer

rsinoar

e.

cargo

bodiesand

y.

ownoverload

gobodies.

horsincargo

00-foot

gobodies.

bodies.


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dies.

eltrailers.

ads.

dies.

bodies.

obodies.

s.

trailers.

obodies.

dies

4truck

4truckcargo

trailers.

railers.

trailers.

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

0).Rescinded.(Amanualfortheheavy

940,willbeissuedwhenavailable.)

(C1,Dec.31,1941.)

TARYOPWAR:


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SINGEQUIPMENT

MENT,

ruary14,1942.


raft.

pontonbridgenormallywillbe

espanraftreinforced.Allrefer-

tainingtheretohereinwillconsider

nge silllocatedinthecenterof the

nconstructionwillreducethe

structedbridgetoabout214 feet.

chesswhichwillbeunusedasa

econsideredasspares.Asuggested

thereinforcedhingespanraftis as

TRUCTTHEBRIDGE,thebalkfastener

erailsection,securesthreepontons.

ngers,anddetachablebalkstir-

terpontonbyfourmenofthe balk

esepontonsisheldagainst and

omenofthesiderail section;the

ethe shorepontonbyfourmen

lightshore linestotheriver pon-

edownstream,areprocured,made

mainingtwomen ofthesiderail

sareusuallyspottednearand up-

t.Fourmenfromthebalk fastener

ontons.

heshorepontonreceivetheriver

pontonbalkfromthebalk carriers

balkfastenersintheriverponton

balkintheirproperplaceson the

eandpartiallytightenthefasteners.

rsengagedatthis time.

EOFF,givenbytheleaderof the

iverpontonispushed outintothe

until theshoreendsofthe balk

oper placesontheshoregunwale


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SINGEQUIPMENTC2

enterof thecenterpontonisthen

he balk.(Duringtheshovingoff

ereafterduringtheconstructionof

keptonline andmaneuveredby

nsofthe temporaryshorelines

anddownstreamendsoftheriver

sheldto theshorebyhand.As

ownstreamanchorlinesare de-

onthelight shorelinesarecoiled

ncommissionedofficerinchargeof

fthebalkareengagedat their

onsproperlyalined,detachable

the balknearbothgunwalesofthe

asteners,andthenallbalk fasteners

andtightened.

redpontonbalkarereceivedfrom

ndfastenedintheir properplaces.

kstirrupsareplacedoneacheven-

nwalesofthecenterpontonand

dethecenterpontonapproximately

k.Hangersaremadefasttoall balk

dgesite.If theraftisto beem-

deepwatertrestle,threeadditional

s placedontopofand perpendicu-

hecenterofthe centerponton.Two

balkNos.1and2, theotherbetween

endedshorewardabout5feetand

he shoregunwaleoftheriverpon-

hetrestle israisedclearofthe

xtra pontonbalkareremovedand

idge.)

(C2,Feb.14,1942.)

TARYOFWAR:


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SINGEQUIPMENT

MENT,

ember18,1942.


cing.Trestlebracingisdesignedto

etrestle spansofthe10-tonpontonbridge.

sentiallyofbracingstruts,22-footsectionsof

whichareclampedtothecolumnsofthetrestle

mistablefoundations,itisdesirabletocon-

singlediagonalbracingwithoneend ofthe

of theshorewardtrestlecolumnandthe

ewaterlevelon thenextriverwardtrestle

dations,itisdesirabletomakean integral

bracing.Twostrutsareutilizedon each

hisso shapedthatitmaybe screwedinto

e endofeachstrut.Thetwo strutsare

ottomtosecurea firmbearing.Theyareso

romabove,theyareapproximatelyatright

a45 anglewiththeaxisofthe bridge.

C3,Dec.18,1942.)

TARYOFWAR:

INGOFFICE:1943


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RDEPARTMENT,

NorrmTirr1,/.9f).

SINGEQUIPMENT

oftheChiefofEngineers

10-23

model193824-102

3-ton,model1924103-110

1-132

calmanualisdesignedtosupplyall

thevariousstandardtypesofstream-

ooutlineconstructionprocedure.Tactical

directlyaffectingthetechniqueofputting

enot developed.

sgivenforthe organizationofwork-

ualassemblyanderectionofequipment

ecessarytoconformtounusualconditions.

htheportablebridges ofH-10and

eparedwithoutbenefitofmorethanlimited

wotypesofequipmenthavenotyetbeen

cetests.Changeswillbepublishedwith

equipmentdevelopedasappeardesirable.

parturesandmodificationsinprocedure

ouldbereportedto theChiefofEngineers


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fequipment2

3

uipment4

ment5

ent(i

on7

S

ltboat9

eof equipment.a.Transportof

assaultboatisdesignedtocarrythetroops

ombatwavesacrossanunfordableriver

d.Theconstructionofeventhesimplest

arilybestarteduntil securityhasbeen

edhostilesmallarmsfire.Therefore,

osedrivercrossingtheleading assault

ablishthebridgehead,mustbelandedon

annerotherthan bybridges.Small

ghmaneuverability,whichmaybeeasily

havebeendemonstratedasthemosteffec-

theseforemostwavesofthecovering

ssessingthesecharacteristics,aswellas

itability,hasbeenadoptedas anarticle

pment.

ardassaultboat.Thesmall,light

apacityisadaptedtothe firststagesofa

rietyofconditions.Thatdegreeofsur-

o thealwayshazardousoperationoffirst

edbyanalert enemymaybemuchbetter

saultboatsthanbythatof rafts,locally

es,orpontonsusedasferries.Groups

ught totheriverbank,launchedandloaded,

withmuchless likelihoodofapprisingthe

derwaythancaneither footbridgesor

rmitcrossingonawidefront,and sodo

sdofootbridges.Pontonsalsopermit

sing,buttheyare muchmoredifficultto

maneuverinthewaterthanassaultboats.

onsasferries isliabletoresult inserious


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SINGEQUIPMENT

rselyaffectingthelatprconstructionof

conjunctionwithothercrossingequip-

boatsforcarryingtheleadingwavesacross

loymentoffootbridges,orpontonsand

oat.


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S'

utmakesit possibletodelayutilization

ablemeansofgreatercapacityuntilthe

heenemybankandthus assuredsomepro-

onanduse.Assaultboatsarenormally

pplementingtheotherformsofequipment

ouse,untiladequatefacilitiesforthecross-

bridges) havebeencompletely

nt.a.Authorityforissue.As-

to engineertroopsaspartoftheir organi-

engineercombatbattalionandsquadronis

batregiment(squaredivision),andarmored

ombatregiment(corps),30boats;eachlight

ts.Thelightpontonunitsarethe chief

saultboatsareissuedtothe engineer

onthebasisof normalneeds,andadditional

eedwill bemadeavailablebyhigher

ssionofthecapacityoftheboat,see

quipment.a.Generaldesignfea-

ofconventionalskifftype,withflatbot-

nsom,andmoderateoverhangatbowand

eprofilelengthis about13feet6inches

othetopof thetransom,andthemini-

oot 8inches.Theweightofthe hull

Theframes(usedonthebottomonly)

heplankingand bottomareofanim-

dfirplywood,whichisunaffectedbymois-

maple,andahickorycarryingrail

ofthegunwaleand aroundthecornersofthe

ybereinforcedbymeansofa removable

achmentofan outboardmotor,asshown

gesofstem,chine,andtransomends,are

luminumangle-stripsrivetedto the

eof thebottomiscoveredbyaflooring of

ames,whilestrip skids,alsoofoak,run

sideofthebottomforprotectionduring

hboatisequippedwith sevencanoepad-

the standardshadeofolivedrab.


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SSINGEQUIPMENT4

assaultboat.(The oarryingmildocsmilextendacrossthe

el.)


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S

out5inchesoffreeboardamidships,

eboatis approximately3,000pounds.

will safelycarryanyofthefollowing

0machinegun withtripod,and13

0machinegunwith tripod,and4boxes

ardmotorattachedtotransomofassaultboat.

un(model1916) onitsmount,and4

37-mmantitankgunonpneumatictires

mortar,and50 roundsofammunition.

pmentoftheadvancedechelonofthe

nicationsection.

wo-manengineercrewreducesthese

ensofaras theInfantryisconcerned.

pment.a.Carefulhandlingneces-

edto beaslightas possible,theassault


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SINGEQUIPMENT5

edthanthe heaviertypesofsmallboats

ever,quitestanchlyframed,andtheply-

eofconsiderablestrength.Thusthe boat

nts,butshouldstillbehandledwith care

ainingoperationswhennoelementof

edfromthe interiorbypumpingor

beenbeached,bygentleandgradual

ewateroveronegunwale.Theboatshould

ningwater.

tothebottomorsides canreadilybe

dtotheoutsideof thehull.Inpractice,

beenfoundverysatisfactoryforeffecting

eningofregularshape,square,or

oodtofittightlyinthe enlarged

ches(pontonrepairkit)of the

ocovertheenlargedopeningand

iling.

lacealuminumpatches,oneonout-

inplace.

deofsheetmetal,preferablycopper,laid

andfastenedwithshinglenailsclinched

esshouldbereplaced.Bulletholesmay

thwadsofclothor paper,pegs,adhesive

yissueolivedrabpaintis satisfactory

arein thewaterforshortperiodsnly.

s,andthesearesowellprotectedby metal

rialin whichtheyarelaid,thatrecaulk-

sary.However,whenitdoesappearad-

ecaulkingcompoundshouldbeused.

verbeusedona small,lightboat.It

soaktheboatbeforeuse.

setheboatsshould bekeptundercover,

eather.Beforebeingplacedinstoragefor

atsshouldbe driedout,cleaned,inspected,

tedif necessary.Ifstoragespaceis

edinsmall stacksafterthebottomofthe

ehasbeencarefullychockedupin such


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circulationofairandto supportthehull

ment.Theallaroundoverhangof

hemto facilitatetheirtransport.Ten

ardloadfor boththe1%-toninfantry

nengineerdumptruck.Normally,the

eexceeded,butin anemergencyasmany

arriedby thedumptruck.However,the

10boats becomestopheavyandunstable,

oatsof theloadbecomespossiblebecause

ondumptruckwithnormalloadoftenassaultboats.

posedweight.Consequently,whenitis

ultboatloadof greaterthanthestandard

perlysecuredandthetruckdrivenwith

wbodiesandhighsides, itmaybe

oadin orderthatthegunwalesofthe

onthesidesandtherebysupport thewhole

tion.a.Finalassemblyareas.

aredesignatedinthe ordersforastream

seassemblypointstheassaultboatsare

final carrybyhandtothe launching

herethe engineercrewsareassignedto


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SINGEQUIPMENT7

thearrivalof theinfantrytroopsofthe

rceintheirmovementforwardfrom

broughttothefinalassemblyareasby

roadnet, andtherequirementsofsecrecy

loadtheboatsanddistributethem along

rsothattheymay bereadilypickedupby

boatiscarriedby theinfantrymenwho

ompaniedbythetwo-manengineercrew.

characteristicsofthefinalassembly

ghtinthe reconnaissancepreliminaryto

forthecrossing,are

ks(orcarryingparties)bringing up

stilegroundandaerialobservation.

tionwith,numerouseasilyfollowed

crossingfronts."

he fronttoallowbothfor crossing

rontandforproceedingdirectlyandwithout

points.''-?

tionfromsuchenemyrifle andartillery

eventhoughsecrecymaybepreserved.

Thetwoengineersoldiers,habitually

oatascrew,supervisethe finalapproach

andloading oftheboats,andall move-

gineerpersonnelis chargedwiththe

mentoftheboats,fromthe timethecarry-

gersgoesforwardfrom thefinalassembly

thdrawnfromuseupontheestablishment

alassemblyareatothe river.(1)The

ultwavecarrythe boatfromthefinalassem-

erthedirectionoftheengineercrew.The

sinchargeof themovementfollowsclose

niedbythemanincommandofthe infantry

ersoldieractsasguideat theheadofthe

boat.

ulesshouldbe observedduringthe

shouldattempttocarrytheboat at

than4shouldbeused forevenashortcarry.


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parturefromtheassemblyareauntil

verbank isreached,theforwardmove-

shouldbe generallyuninterrupted.Mo-

eenroute topermitthechangingof

rial detectionthroughmovementwhen

hstopsshould befewandbrief.Ashort

nearedgeofthewaterfor theloading

ns.

ncarryingposition.

bethemostdirectpracticablerouteto

entsalongthenearbank,orin thewater,

redangerousandshpuldbeavoided.

ardfromthe assemblyareashould

ntial,for thebunchingofcolumnsona

ersedroutesmay bedisastrous;route

dispensable.

mencefromthevariousassemblyareas

ethatallboatsof thefirstwavewillbe

ythesamemoment,withoutdelayatthe

rikingthe sidesorbottomsofthe

oudly,andthereforegreatcaremust


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SINGEQUIPMENT

bepreserved.Nothingwhatevershould

ngthehandcarry.Kiflesshouldbe slung

mtheboat andthebuttsnotallowedto

th.Atthemostconvenientcarryingheight

ebottomoftheboatandthe groundisnot

ceeveryprecautionmustbetakento

ks,andotherobstructionswiththeboat,

frombeing droppedordraggedonthe

csketchillustratingtypicalmovementofassaultboatsfromfinal

gfront,andfirstround tripafterbeinglaunched.(Notto

(1)Immediatelyuponarrivalatthe

angeinthecarryingformation,theboat

ewateruntila depthsufficienttofloat

ached.Ammunition,machineguns,and

uipmentarefirstquietly placedinthe

en,the passengersmoveaboard,keeping

oidingthe noisewhichwillcertainlybe

tof theboatwithheavyfootgear,weapons,

er,caremustbe exercisedtoprevent

,withitsattendantnoiseand delay,is


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histime.Oneengineersoldierstations

bow;the other,whocommandstheboat,

n balanceandthatpaddlersareproperly

gaboardhimselfatthesternand then

oshoveoff.

ng,shouldkneelon theonekneenearer

paddlerstoeachside.Otherpassengers

erior oftheboat,holdingtheirrifles

withtotalloadoftenmen andequipment.

ewaterisdeepclosetothe bank,the

oweredorslid fromthebanktothe water.

lleltothebankat bowandsternbythe

ddirectlyfromthebank.Ropelashings

willassist inthis.

h.boatstartsacrossassoonasloaded

possible,and bythemostdirectroute,to

mptshouldbemadeto maintainformation

ater,althoughintervalsbetweenboats

ertainextent.Neithershould anyeffort

hatupstreamin.orderto counteractdrift,


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SINGEQUIPMENT

soflandingand embarkationpointsand

ve ledtopriorand explicitorderstosuch

fcompletedarkness,orofheavyfogor

onoftheboatmaybe mostreadilymaintained

mpass.

eirpaddles awayfromthecarrying

void thesoundsofscrapingorstriking

lsobe avoided.Passengersshouldnot

eboatshouldneverbe attemptedand

bitedbeforedeparturefromassembly

eparedto unslingpacksandbeltsand

tofcapsizing.

disembarkingfromassaultboats.

urnofboats.(1)Uponarrivalatthe far

intained,unlesstheenemyhasdiscovered

re.Theboatshould notbebeachedexcept

seistobe avoided.Paddlesarelaidon

assengersstepintothewateror directly

y.Anycargoisunloaded.Controlofthe

otheircombatleaders.

promptlypaddlesbackfora second

cabletoreturnboatsatnightor

dunderfire,to thepointfromwhich

hecurrentis atallswift.Therefore,

ats fromdriftingdownstreamhasbeen


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S

besuccessfullymade,allboatswillarrive

ndoftheround tripacertaindistance

re.Hence,theinitialcrossingfront

avesafterthe firstmaycrossatpoints

nstreamandstillaccordwiththeplanof

Theamountofdriftduring eachround

dvance.

uldfollowthefirstfromtheassembly

insuretheirarrivalat thebankjustprior

Thelocationsofthereturningboats

approacheddirectlysothatmovement

eunnecessary.

dassault boatequipmentattachedto

crossingnormallyreverttoengineer

antryunit(less thepersonnelandve-

rbyother means)hasbeentransported

ng.Ifnotconfusedanddelayedby

ssault boatwaveshouldcrosseach200feet

boutfiveminuteswherethetotalwidthis

metakenfor themovementfromassembly

will varywiththeterrain,thedistance,

andwillbe greaterforthefirstgroups

s.Thespeedof thismovementshouldbe

ngproperallowanceforthedelaysimposed

thecrossingwillusuallybe made)andthe

e,inorderthat thefirstwavemayarriveat

ntintended.

aultboat.a.Purpose.Toferry

vercrossing.

anizationalequipmentofengineer

ron10

division)orarmoredbat-

30

120

ck

ytontruck.


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SINGEQUIPMENT9

ipment9

r.46.)


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37/218

SINGEQUIPMENT10-12

priseactionbutconstitutetheleastvul-

incasethe operationisdiscovered.When

ssecuredafootholdsufficientto prevent

tomaticweaponsonbridgesites,thecon-

mberoffootbridgeswillpermitamore

passageoffoottroops.

beenextendedsufficientlytoprevent

nthesites,the constructionoflightponton

rtillery,other arms,andtrainsare

nmentofequipment.a.Bridge

heequipment,whichprovidesforthe

footbridge,consistsofthefollowing:

oothandle2

s32

meter,30-footlengths,with

thends(bridle lines)36

meter,500-footlengths(hand-

meter,750-footlengths(guy


atcable),withreel2


atcable),withreel2

nit(or bay)ofthefootbridgecomprises

,andtwohandrailposts.Thereare36 such

teunitof thebridge.

ridgeis issuedtoeachengineercombat

nitsareassignedtoeachlight ponton

equipment.a.Duckboard.(1)

ne,consistsofaseries oftransverseslats,

ntwolongitudinalstringers,12 feetlong.

hmaterial,andthestringersare 1%


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tion.Theweightoftheduckboard,complete,

ds.

hedtotheunder sideofthestringersfor

erpositionwhen thebridgeisassembled.

cesectionsofthebridge,areattachedto

teningsatthe endsofthestringers.There

lefasteningateachendofeachduckboard.

malefasteningbetweenthetwospring

ning,untilthelug isgrippedandheldby

effectstheconnection.Thefasteningsmay

thefitting atthetopof thehandrailpost,

onnectors.

eholein theduckboardslatorcrosspiecedi-

fastening,mayberotateduntiltheleavesof

edopensufficientlytoreleasethe maillug

white-pinecrate,10feetlongand

s-section.Thecratecontainslayersofex-

cementofwhichaffordsbuoyancytothe

t100poundsand willsupportabout

nementofthe duckboardstringers

thefloatcrate.Foldingcarryinghandles,

launching,areprovidedateachendof


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SINGEQUIPMENT

formed,theduckboardsaresecuredto

g fastenerswhichareattachedtothetop

ed shanksthatmaybehookedovereach

oatsareprovidedwithhooksateach

lemaybeplaced.

onnector,latched.

erattachedtoduckboard.


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minumhandrailposthasatthetop A

sbothasa receiverforthehandrailline

ngtheduckboardfasteners.Thepostis

dstringerjustinsidethe floatsofeachbay

ottomofthe post.Twopostsperbay

natecornerof theduckboard.

nchorcableandbridlelines,as wellas

entdirectlytotheendsofthebridge,serve

uiding thebridgeduringconstruction

stenedI

ttachedtochickixmrd

nwhileinuse. Thefloatcableprevents

eamendsofthefloatsunder theactionof

slistedinparagraph11 areforuseas

anchoringandguyingthebridgevary

gth ofthebridge,asindicatedin

uipment.a.General.Allpartsof

arefullyinspectedatappropriateintervals,

oredawayforan extendedperiod.Any

houldberepairedor replaced,andall

dgreasedasrequired.Awell-ventilated

usedforstoringtheequipment.Floats


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SINGEQUIPMENT13

keptfromcontactwiththegroundand

lationthroughthestacks.Standardolive

aintingthepartsofthe equipment

eoftheduckboardfastenersandthe

refullyavoidedindisassemblingthebridge.

of damageinthedismantlingoperationif

thebridge whileitisstill afloat.Indis-

remainderofthebridge,thelug onthe

houldbeusedonlyas akeytoseparatethe

epost aboutitsaxisthroughanangle of

culty,separationshouldbe accomplished

parts ratherthanbyanyattemptto

hebridge apartwiththehandrailposts

ndamageto boththefloorboardsand

toroftheearliertype,model1935,of

vice,isthepart oftheduckboardmost

torrepair.Thespringsteel leavesofthe

eapproximatelyparallelwhenconnection

soiftheleaves,whennot connected,in-

sucha waythatthereispositivecontact

erendsonly.These leavesmay,however,

entsothattheyare parallelordivergebe-

g; ineithersuchconditiontheywill not

ctoryconnection.Leavesnotincorrect

dtoproperconditionbyplacingthe duck-

ga driftpinintothe groundagainst

dbetweenthetwoleaves,andthentying

dpullingso astosecureapermanentset

mount.Theotherleafmaythenbeset

emanner.

rubberwhichistheprincipalbuoyant

bjecttodamagebyexposuretoexcessive

atsshouldnotbestoredindoorsnextto

oroutdoorsin thesunduringperiodsof

ceptwhencovered.Whenexposedout-

careshouldbetakento avoidaheatab-

asablackbituminousortar road.The

ubberboardsbecomebrittleintime.

surfacewilltendtoacceleratesuchdeterio-

oughtheywill havenoeffectuponits


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ERS)

erialmaybepuncturedbybulletsor other

blereductioninbuoyancy.Draggingthe

ermittingcollisionwith sharpprojections

thefloats aswellasthe expandedrubber

ded.Duringassemblyofthe bridge

out intowaterinwhichtheywill float

heyshouldbe pickedupwhilestillafloat.

stenersforconnectingthefloatstothe duck-

bythespring clipsprovidedforthepur-

yinuse-Thesefastenersshouldbekept

ed,dried,andoiled beforethefloatsare

ndrailpostsarenotdesignedfor usas

otbeused assuch.(Seepar.136(1).)

keptdryandcleanandshould becare-

oiledbeforestoring.Theharnesssnapson

obe cleaned,dried,andoiledbefore

eshouldbetakentoavoidkinkingthe

eendsofthecableto holdfasts,asuitable

securedwiththe cableclipsprovided.

nfasteningeitherend,andthe formation

d ofthecableshouldbeavoided.Thecable

stat thefarshoremostquicklyandwith

ageto thecablebyattachingtotheside of

ap which,whenengagedintherunningend

herturningofthe reel.Aftersnapping

eelmaybecarriedaroundthe holdfastthree

andingendofthecable,andfinallyboth

eelitselfthrownoverthecable.The cable

ndthoroughlyoiledbeforestoring.

pment.Thestandardloadfora

bridge,aquarterofthe 432-footunit.

equiredto transportasinglecomplete

ybesomewhatexceededinemergency,

thsofbridge maybecarriedintrucksof

.Technical.Thetechnicalrequire-

re asfollows:

h, orotherdefinitelineof approachto

cilitatecarryingoftheequipmenttothe

chofinfantrytroopstothebridge.


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SINGEQUIPMENT15-16

thenearshore,eitherflat orwitha

totheedge ofthewater,largeenoughin

e baysandtheconvenientpilingofthe

rshorenotmorethanwaist deep,but

loatthebridgeandso facilitatethecon-

stothecompletedportionofthe bridge.

especiallyonthenear shore,andof

edetheconstructionofthe bridgeand

sturdytreesorotherusableanchorages

chorandfloatcablesand guylinesmaybe

toprepareholdfasts.Suchnaturalanchor-

onthefar bank,fortheanchorandfloat

nk,for theguylines.

calstandpointitisdesirablethatthe

ntsmostsuitabletotheschemeof

celine,orsimilarfeatureroughlypar-

will facilitatereorganization,control,

ertheir crossingandengagement.

rtilleryobservationposts,orother

ts.

ntinclosevicinityfortroopsimmediately

ootbridgesites,andthebestapproach

edaftercarefulreconnaissanceandwith

andtacticallydesirablefeatures.Dataas

thestream,whichareaffordedbythe

basisofthedecisiontouseanchorand float

nstruction.a.Normalmethod

Ordinarilythemostrapid,effective,and

structionisbysuccessivebays.Bythis

ccessivelyassembledandconnectedto

completedportionofthebridge,whichis

othe wateradistanceequaltothe length

onstructionthecompletedportionof

andalinedby guylinesorananchorcable,

uire.


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's.Thebridgemaybeconstructedina

exceptthatsectionsoftwoormorebays

ofthenormalmethod)areassembled

thecompletedportionofthebridge.

equiresmoreworkingroom,moremen,

nizationandtraining,thandoes the

structionis,however,morerapidthanthat

bridge.Underparticularlyfavorable

andapproach,thebridgemaybeassembled

yhand,andlaunchedin asingleunitas

gehas scarcelyanylateralandlittle

er,andthismethodbecomesimpracticable

terizethesite,orwhenbrush,trees,or rough

themethodpracticableoverswiftor

nlandwillordinarilybelimited tothe

onofthebridge acrossanarrowandslug-

enthenbesubjectto favorablesite

enthestreamis wideorthecurrentswift,

arybothforconstructingthebridge and

terithasbeenbuilt. Thiscableiscon-

le lines.Underconditionsrequiringthe

efloat cablealsoisrequired,exceptfor

thetable in(2)below.Thefloatcable

heendsofthe floatsprovidedforthe

upstreamendsofthe floatsfromsub-

rningthebridgewhenthebridge islong

erlesssevereconditionsonlythe guy

ebankarerequired,toaline thebridge

secureitonceit hasbeencompleted.

variouscableandguylineaids, accord-

urrentvelocity,isoutlinedinthefollowing

esgivenarethoseprevailingin themain

edataincludedreferto thefootbridge

dge,seepar.22.)


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SSINGEQUIPMENT

es

or

ation.a.Movementtothebridge


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ootbridgeusinganchorcable,bridlelines,and floatcable.


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SINGEQUIPMENT

orfootbridgeconstructionmustin-

dingofequipmentandits issuetocarry-

versoractualoperationsthisworkshould

nareassecurefromhostile observation,

rytroopsconcerned.

ootbridgeusingguylines only.

utedfor carrybyhandapproximately

15-20perman

ngth1man

2men

th2men

ngth4men

ired tocarry,withoutrelief,asingle

e.

about300yards,provisionforperiodic

ade.Thefloatswillprovethemostdifficult


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48/218

find itnecesarytostopand change

e.(1)Asthehandtransportedloads

horewherethebridgeis tobeconstructed,

rrangedandpiledi nconvenientorder.

one side,cluckboardsontheother;hand-

ndhalfon theother;andtheremainder

stancesmayrequire.Often,spaceat the

einsufficientto permitsucharrangement

andpieceswillhave tobebroughtforward

yingparties,inthe orderandatthemoment

bridgeassembly,fromsomepointslightly

gemaybe startedassoonasthe first

site.

tructionparties.(1)Theconstruction

derthedirectgeneralsupervisionofan offi-

atednoncommissionedofficer.

ngthsof thefootbridgemaybecon-

ncommissionedofficerand10men,orin

commissionedofficerand16men.These

oluteminima.Withbridgepartspiledcon-

footbridgemaybe mostexpeditiously

workingpartiesorganizedasoutlinedin

nhavecompletedtheir dutieswiththeanchorcabledetail, theyreporttothe

sreliefwhenrequired.Additionalcrewsof 4menshouldbeattachedto the

hentheamountofmaterialto behandledandthedistancefromthe shoreassem-

kesuchanincreasein strengthdesirable.

fromtheunloadingpointto theshoreassemblypoint.


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SINGEQUIPMENT17

e builtina 2-milecurrent,about300

of anchorandfloatcableswith6bridle

oncommissionedofficeringeneralcharge,

ers,and41menforthevarioussections;

1-milecurrent,builtwith6guy lines(3

fficerornoncommissionedofficeringeneral

edofficers,and33men.

ariedoutin theformofadrill, the

n doublerank,withanintervalbetween

commissionedofficersinfrontoftheir

dualdutiesareassignedtothemenwithin

leader,andat thecommandforcon-

ctionsproceedtotheir varioustasks.

e. (1)Officerincharge.Theofficer

erinchargeofconstructionhastheworking

ructionsastothe useofanchorand

signatesor hasmarkedthepointsat

ofthefloats aretoenterthewaterat thenear

k;and,assoonasthe sectionleadershave

ftheirparties,givesthe commandtobegin

ter,heexercisesgeneralsupervisionoverall

Theanchorcablesectioncarriesfor-

om thebridgeandascloseas practicable

arshoreanchorcableconnectionistobe

s:anassaultboator othersuitableboat,

rcableon itsreel,astickon whichthereel

e,pickets,lashing,sledges,andother

ourmenofthenearshorepart ofthesection

nd oftheanchorcablewhileit isbeing

rig theblockandtacklefortighteningthe

holdfastwhenasuitable onedoesnot

ethecableto theholdfastbytheblock

issionedofficerincharge,ofthesection

onof theapproximatenumberandlength

enoncommissionedofficerandthefar

enloadthecableandthe neededaccessories

womenholdthereel inthecenterofthe

unreelastheboatcrossesthe stream.

ficersteersandtheremainingmenpaddle

arshore,the boatisunloadedandthe

esignatestheholdfast,ifoneexists, or


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50/218

one.Theancnorcablethenis madefast.

ofbridlelinesrequiredcouldnot be

dgiven,thenoncommissionedofficersends

eline sectiononthenearshoreby

engerintheboat. Thenearshoredetail

ablewiththeblockandtackle,andmakes

ndisevenundesirable,toattempttoput

the anchorcable.Themoresagthe

s,the moreeffectiveitbecomesinresisting

nwhile,thefarshoredetailfindsor

arriedacrossriverinassaultboat.

float cable,andmakesitfastwhenit

ee(3)below).Whenthemenof the

fastthe floatcable,theystandbyon

ndingthebridge.The noncommissioned

enonlytwomorebaysare required

transmitsthis informationtothenear

bysending amessengerbackoverthe

ridge.

ssoonasthenoncommissionedofficer

eivesinformationfromthenoncommis-

rcablesectionasto thenumberofbridle

directsthepreparationbythesectionof

attachmenttotheanchorcablebythe

tributesthesectionon thebridgeatthe


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SINGEQUIPMENT17

ctsthealinementofthebridge.He places

n,withhisline,onthe riverwardendof

hebridge,andthe remainder,withtheir

perintervalsasitis completed.Asthe

ridgeispushed acrosstheriver,themen

nementbypulling inorslackingoff

sthebridgemeetsthe farshoreitsaline-

ncommissionedofficer,andthenmadefast

totheduckboards.Inaswiftlyflowing

mancebythissectionofitsduties isboth

tance.

Onemanofthissectionridesthe river-

sectionofthe bridgeandpaysoutthe

sinthewater,nearthe inshoreendofthe

cesthecableinthehookson theup-

Generally,theholdfastfor thecable

bovethe levelofthewater,sothat itwill

ngthecablein thehooksoftwoor

thebridge,inorder topreventthemfrom

terwhenthecableismadefast and

ereachesthefarshore,the anchorcable

endof thefloatcable,andthefloat cable

earshore andappliesthenecessarytension

tensionneednotbe overabout300

enoncommissionedofficerinchargeof

testhenumberof linestobeused, where

othebridge,andtheholdfaststo beused

hore.Thelinesaremadefast totheduck-

requiredas thecompletedportionofthe

ver,thefirsttwolines beingmadefast

ebridge.Thementakepositionat the

payoutthelineas thebridgegoesout,

astswhennecessary.Underthedirection

officer,thesemenmaintainthedesiredposi-

ridge.The menupstreamanddown-

intainalinementbypayingout andtaking

en areassignedtoeachline.When

oldfasts,this isdonebythe menwhose

achedto thebridge.Holdfastsareso

menstationedat suchdistancesalong

hebridge,aswill causetheguylinesto


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52/218

glewiththe lineofthebridgeto permit

nallyitmayheadvisabletoattachsome

ndusethemto assistinpullingthe bridge

place.Whenthe bridgeiscompleted,

epropertensionandmadefast.

y.


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SINGEQUIPMENT17

n.Theseparatebaysofthebridgemay

bledbytheuseof atemplate.Suchatem-

ningwith driftpinsorstakesdriven into

neendofeachofthe twofloatsofone

,twotoeachfloat,procurethefloats

ecarryingparties,andplacethefloats

lates;twomenbringupthe duckboards

ts;and twoadditionalmenattachthe

board.Themenplacingthe floatscon-

dsbythefastenersas soonastheduck-

ssembledbayisthenimmediatelyremoved

ection.Thenoncommissionedofficerin

tsthework.

tion.Theassemblycarryingsectionis

reremovedfromthe shoreassemblypoint

ndpromptlycarriedandturnedovertothe

eassembledbaysarecarriedfarenough

attheywillfloatfreelybeforebeing put

e riverassemblysection.Thesectionmay

ear shoremenoftheanchorcablesection

havecompletedtheiroriginalduties.When

dditionalpartiesoffourmeneachmaybe

arryingsection.

.Sincetheassembledbaysaremost

edtothecompletedportionofthe bridge

ethehabitualmethodofassemblyunless

acenttothenearshoreis toodeep.The

nchargeofthe sectiontakespositionon

,onthe inshoreendofthecompletedpor-

destheincomingcompletedbayssoas

operconnectionbythe duckboardfasteners,

opartstosecureproperengagementof

semblycarryingsectionplaceseachbay

oat,itis takenoverbyfourmenofthe

homoveitinthe wateratthedirection

officerinordertomakeconnection.The

dbyengagingonepairofconnectorsata

d outoflineofthe completedportion

ectorsononesidehasbeenfitted.The

he bridgeawayfromtheshoretomake

remainingtwomenofthesectiontake

fthecompletedportionofthebridge,moving

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54/218

ERS

ofthenoncommissionedofficer,andassisting

mbledbaytothe bridge.

Onemanofthehandrailline section

eriverendofthe firstduckboard,andthen

earitsinshoreendand threadsthehandrail

postson eachsideasthebridgeis pushed

enear shore,oneupstreamandonedown-

payout thehandraillines:andmakethem

ckboardwhenthebridgeiscompleted.

ions.Materialcarryingsectionsare

sary.Thecircumstancesrequiringtheuseof

widelythatno definiteorganizationor

blysectionatwork.

ed.However,itisofthe utmostimpor-

nizedand supervisedbyofficersandnon-

atthepartsoftheequipmentwillarriveat

nthe properorder(seepar.17#(2)). At

tbetakenforthe properguidingofthese

newill goastray.Whitetracingtape

purpose.

tructionofbridge.a.Factors

ntothetacticaleffectoftheenemy,therate

edbythewidthandstage ofthestream,the

econditionssuchasthe natureofthebanks

eweather,visibility,andtheconditionand


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SINGEQUIPMENT

andwell-trainedmenhavecompleted

ilecurrentinas littleas814minutesin

sat nightwithouttheuseofany lights.

ditions,ashoreassemblydetailhasassem-

d in8seconds.Whilethismayserve as

ofengineertroopsin thetechniqueof

sideredcompleteuntilerectionofthebridge

anunfamilarsiteunderunfavorable

nderordinaryserviceconditionsratesof

becauseof unfamiliaritywiththesite,the

elaysimposedbybattle,andthefatigueand

ofthetroops.Assuminga fairlygood

mblyarea,troopssomewhatfatiguedbut

trainingwiththeequipment,andwith

xceptionallygoodnorexceptionallypoor,

lowingtableaffordabasisfor timeesti-

tbeincreasedordecreasedasconditions

Duringpeacetimetraining,.therates

ytroopswho haveattainedproficiencyin

a.Limitationsofequipment.The

ouse asanassaultbridge,thatis, one

erastreamwithoutthe knowledgeof

endlycoveringforcehasbeen crossedto

eptunderveryfavorableconditions,the

mbledinrearofthe riverandthencarried

hedasaunit.Becauseofthenature of

attheriverbankis certaintocreatenoise

medistance.

uringactualoperations,itwillsooften

thebridgeundercoverof darknessthat

abitualprocedure.Ingeneral,construc-


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ERS

denticalwiththatindaylight.However,

tructionatnightisevenmoredependent

secontrol,andadequatetraining.Prior

ouldalwaysbegivenwhenpracticable,pref-

arkness.Noparticulardifficultyisin-

ndividualbaysand incorporatingthem

ness,althoughtheprocessis somewhat

yarisesintheproper placingandhandling

inthedirectingofthe bridgetothe

ore.Thesedifficultieswillvarywidely

d forceofcurrent,andwiththedegree

minimizedbycarefulprior reconnaissance

dorganization.Suitablearrangements

unicationduringtheprocessofconstruc-

ableinnightconstruction.Exceptwhen

or whenthereismoonlight,theanchor

ht, because,eventhoughitmightnot

hedirectionandalinementofthebridgecan

ntainedbythismeans.A singleflashlight

nbeusedon thefarbanktoindicatethe

chorcable,andthenthepointof landing

no likelihoodofdetectionbytheenemy.

hieldedflashlightsmay bepermissible

ollingthehandlingorplacingofcables

lightstoaidinthe assemblyofthebridge

ssary.Ifavailable,luminousmarkersor

orwhitepiecesofcloth areusefulinout-

turessuchastheassemblytemplateand

y.Althoughactualconstructionwillordi-

the needforsecrecyhaspassed,com-

cebywordofmouthmaybe expectedto

esoundsof battleinthevicinity.More-

be permissibleexcepttoaverylimited

auseeventhoughthenecessityforavoid-

st, itwillseldombedesirableto dis-

thebridgeto aerialandgroundobservers

ights aroundtheconstruction.

ngbridge.a.Controlofcol-

rryeithermenandtheirequipmentor small

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SINGEQUIPMENT20-22

antryaccompanyingweapons.Themen,

ossat doubletime,maintainingintervalsof

parationisrequiredtoprovidesufficient

concentrationofloadson thebridge.

particularlywarnedagainstclosingup

fconsiderablecurrent,asitispossible

erturnbyoverloading.Thebridgewillcross

ylightforbridgelengthsoffrom 100to

doubletime,but75menper minuteisa

gnconditions.Thesefiguresshouldbe

uringadark night.Therateofcrossing

dnessofthecrossingtroopsthanby the

f.

icerinchargeofconstructionofthe

yoftroopsupon thebridge,andstations

edofficers,orofficers,atthefarend ofthe

gtheclearingofthetroopsfromthat end.

aininplaceforsometimeafter itiscom-

ardshouldbe mountedinordertoadjust

inthebridge inpropercondition,andto

singtroops.Thepriorityoftrafficonthe

governedbytheordersofthe localor

absenceofsuchorders,trafficisregu-

eror soldiersinchargeofthebridge.

Workingsectionsinthesamenumber

ectingthebridgeare requiredfordis-

smantlingprocedureisthereverseof

ceptionisthatthefloat cable,whichis

opreventOA'erturningoftheloadedbridge,

etopermitreadydismantling.

.Assemblyoflays.Thereinforced

bridgeinthat eachbayconsistsofthree

ndabuttingalongtheirsides,and six

perbay,onenear eachoutsideduck-

eadoftwo.Thus oneunitoftheequip-

of bridge.

f cables.Althoughitwouldbeprac-

dgeunderfavorableconditionsinlengths

kelythat itwillbebuilt inlengthsex-

eofthequantityofmaterialrequired.Al-

eaterresistancetothe currentthanthe

erigid andstablelaterally.Becauseof

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58/218

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SINGEQUIPMENT.22

t cableisnotusuallyrequired.Therein-

edifficulttopush outacrossthestream

useofitsgreaterresistancetothe current

waysbeused, exceptforveryshort

n.Thegeneralmethodsofconstruction,

paratorymeasuresandtheconstruction

revirtuallyidenticalwiththose forthe

ngprocedureisalsothesame.Thefloat

ill berequiredonlyinthe rareinstances

uresis applicable.Anchorcable,bridle

rassemblydetailsof thesamesizeand

orthefootbridgearerequired.Twoor

ilswillberequired,eachto consistof1

nd10men.In constructingthefootbridge,

ssufficientbecauseitcan assemblethe

epupwith thespeedoftheirconnection

fthebridge bytheriverassemblydetail.

nedbyone shoreassemblydetailforthe

moremenareas manyascanbeadded

gthe mengetineachother'sway,addi-

ed.Eachassemblycarryingdetailmust

missionedofficerand12men,andthe ma-

tbecorrespondinglystrengthened.With

ydetailsworking,thereinforcedbridge

uttwicethetimethat wouldberequired

ncesforafootbridgeofthesame length.

cedbridgewillcarry

gweaponsoncartswithmulesnose

wnbyhand.

f threeatawalkat therateof100

f twoatarun,at therateof150

otorcycleswithsidecars.

ent.Thereinforcedbridgewillseldom

asmadeoriginallyinorderto provide

ngthe animaldrawncartsthatwere

sportinginfantryaccompanyingweapons.

omeobsolete,oneofthemainreasonsfor

eenremoved.Moreover,pastexperience

necessarytocrossthe infantryaccom-


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60/218

al-drawncarts,andthatoftenitwasdis-

ftheensuingcongestionatbothendsof

yatthefar end.Occasionallythere-

efulforcrossinginfantryaccompanying

nwheeledmounts,whicharestillprovided

eseweaponswhentheirmotortrans-

Themostprobableuseof thisbridge,

eafootbridgeof greatercapacityover

dgeinuse.

orsectionsofthefootbridgeareless

ingmenthanaresmalllogsor other

gfloats.Thefloatsand duckboardsare

sistancetothecurrentand toforward

atherthanassist theswimmer.Kaftsof

ssas ferriesbecauseoftheirlimited

difficultyofcontrollingorpropelling

Raftsmadeofonebay ofreinforced

thefloatsdovetailedandlashedtogether,

erryingoperations,butevensuchunits

urpose.Theserafts mustbeguided

blesor ropes,sincewithouttheseaids


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61/218


62/218

ERS!

ons,whichissufficienttopass alltheloads

Corps fueltruck.

sign.Thebridgeconsistsofafloat-

bypontonsandconnectedtoshore abut-

e spans.Thefloatingpartisconnectedto

ans hingedbothtotheshore pontonsand

cipalcomponentsofoneunitofthe

pontons,and thefloorsystemtransported

ithcertainsparepartsand accessories.

desabout250feet ofbridgeof10-ton

oncapacity.Theexactlengthofthe

varyingthe locationofthehingeineither

tableI(par.102) forcompletelistof

tofequipage.

equipageareassignedtoeachlight

ompanieswillbeassignedtotacticalorgani-

ationdemands.

FEQUIPMENT

0

nisrectangularincrosssectionbe-

scowtypeends,eitherofwhichmayserve

tlong, 5feet6incheswide,and 3feet

ofaluminumalloysheets andshapes

ontonissubdividedintofour compart-

eadframeswhichreachtoa heightof9

s.Astoragecompartmentforaccessories


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65/218

SINGEQUIPMENT

heponton.Thefloorofthe pontoncon-

ngon thetopofthebottomrib system.

nds forthesecuringofanchorandother

ocksareplacedinthegunwalestopermit

oars andasteeringoarat eitherend.A

eachsideof thepontontowhichareat-

stenersusedforclampingthebalktothe

Thirty-twoofthesefastenersareofa

pe.Fouradditionalfasteners,whichareof

videdassparesand aresecuredtothe

at theycanbereadilymovedtoreplace

ers.Acarryingrailissecuredalong the

ponton,andthebottomoftheponton is

ids.Inuse,eachpontonnormallyis

,oneanchorcable,twoboathooks,eight

nepump.

0poundsandhas atotaldisplacementof

ingtablegivestheponton'sdisplacements

boards:

eisdesignedtocarry themaximum

ngpart.Thetrestle partsarethetransom,

nhoists.

upbeamofaluminumalloy,tothetop of

nthis tubetheendfittingsof thetrestle

atswhichare usedinfasteningthe

transomare providednearthebottomof

s13 feet10incheslongby9 inches

etwo columnsarealuminumalloytubes

hicha verticalrowofholesisprovided,the

rton centers.Twopinholesareprovided

transom.Oneoftheseholespassesthrough

doneperpendiculartothe centerlineof


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66/218

dat1% inchesvertically.Apinis

etransomby achain.Eachendofthe

nthecolumnbypassingoneof thesepins

es inthecolumnwellanda holeinthe

ahalfinch adjustmentsinheightcanbe

olesinthetransom.If,for anyreason,

deemeddesirable,itispossibleto makethem

oughanangle of90 withawindlassstick

restle.

nthetransom.Two1-tonchainhoists

stleforadjustingthe heightofthetransom.

swiveledhangersat thetopofthe trestle

oksengageinstirrups integrallyattached

placedonthetopof thetrestlecolumn

nes.Theshoes arealuminumalloywith

dare 24inchessquare.Ashoeis attached

e columnbyaballandsocketjoint and

eendofa chainwhichisattachedtothe

e onthehemisphericalendofthecolumn.


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67/218

SINGEQUIPMENT

eifthishookcomesout,anotherhook,also

hain,isengagedinthefirst pairofholesin

e.(Seefig.22.)The completetrestle,less

00pounds.

ns.Floatingspansare15%feet,

sare 15feetinlength.Fixedspans are

eor fromtrestletotrestle.Thehinge

riverwardtrestleto thehingesill.The

balkofthefirstfloatingspan byabout6feet,

cationofthehinge sillinthefloating bay

mustbea fullbalk'slengthfromtheri ver-

16FT

ndplanoftypicalshoreconnection,usingtwotrestlespang.

Thedeckof fixedandhingespans

.The pontonbalkspantwoadjacent

ns.In otherwords,thepontonbalk

otherat eachpontonbythewidthofa

ecurelyfasteneddownonfourgunwales.

mentgivescontinuousbeamactioninthe

e.A considerableportionofaloadcon-

onepontonwill betransmittedtoadja-

ortionto thetwonextadjacentpontons.

derailsinthefixedspans,hinge spans,and

nd ofthebridge,andpontonbalk inthe


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68/218

ERS'

derailslapover ateachpontonasdothe

placewithclampsthatsecurethemto

htheyare laid.Theclearroadwaywidth

ches.

andtrestlebalkare4 inchesby6

tdimensions.Thebalkaremade ofhigh-

tonbalkweighsapproximately140

kapproximately100pounds.Eightbalk

tringers,andtwoassiderails,i nthe

t4%inchesin length,withametal

ndofthe balkandformingasemicircular

theend.Thisfittingengagesthetube

nsom.Nineinchesfrom'thelatter fit-

metal,whichissecuredtothe underside

teningthebalkdownon thetrestle

olocatedprovideaspaceto receive

esill. (Seefig.24.)

eet5inchesinlength.Eachend is

n theundersideofwhichisfitted aclip

overtheoutsideedgeofthe pontongunwale,

readily assembledintobays.(Seefig.

remetalstraps aroundthebalk,ending

oksofthebalkfastenersin theponton

epontonfitsbetweenthetwo endfittings.

emadeofhighgradeDouglasfir andare

%inches,netdimensions.Ateachend

sthewidthisreducedto 10%inches

cingof thesiderailclamps.(Seefig.

theendsofthechessand theouterends

ventsplitting.A chessweighsapproxi-

eof highgradeDouglasfirandare

%inches,netdimensions,metal-bound

their ends.(Seefig.24.)Asill weighs

s.

hesiderailsaresecuredbyascrew

bout10pounds,whichengagesunderthe

esiderail,clampingthechessin placebetween

utilized withtheM1869pontonequi-

stitutefasteningintheabsenceof the


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SSINGEQUIPMENT


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70/218

madebypassingalashing, twiceif

single, aroundthebalkandsiderail,tying

t,andthentwistingittightly witharack

skitincludesspecialtools,material,

ofthepontonsandthe trestletransom.

listedontheinsideof thelidofthe chest

itemsoftheequipmentaretrans-

rs.Therearefourtypesof trailerloads

heeltrailer,asfollows:

eponton,oneanchor,oneanchorcable,

,andonepump.

llashing(usedonlyinabsenceofmechanicalfasteners).

0pontonbalkand16chess requiredfor

0 trestlebalkand16chessr equiredfor

sillsor 2coilsof1-inchropein addition.

stles.

ngularshapedopenchassisofsteelmem-

e;pneumaticheavydutytires7.00 by20;

of commercialtrucktype;andsprings

(Seefig.26.)Auxiliarylashingrings

nersofthechassistoassist inmanhandling

itdownsteepgrades.Theseringsalso

lashingsto securetheloadsshouldthe

gdevicesbelostorbroken.

rtelescopictype,permittingthree

equiredfor theseveralloadings.The

peradjustmentbyapin,andis further


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SSINGEQUIPMENT


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72/218

ERS'

estis providedforthedrawbarsothat

tedina horizontalpositionwhenunhooked

sresthas akneebrace,whichcanbe

hthe drawbarandtheresecuredbymeans

edwithbrakesandwhenparkedon

rfacethewheelsshouldbechocked.

s1,500pounds,andthe loadedweights

ws:

eaboveloadsmaybetowedby the

wever,underfavorableconditionsa

d.

trailerby meansofclampingbeams

operatedscrewsandchainlinks.When

heclampingbeamsaresecuredinbrackets

tpurpose.(Seefig.26.)Thechainsthat

pingscrewsontheside ofthetrailerframe

etrailerandthentightenedup withclamp-

ng.Beforethetrailer canbeloaded(ex-

allthese itemsareremovedfromtheir

nvenientlocationforuseas thetraileris

thepontonisloaded,thepontonclamp-

ts keeperandplacedcrosswiseofthe

willallowthebeamclampingpinto

the drawbarthroughthepineyes,which

thethrustscrew,therebyclampingthe

fig.27.) Thefourloadclampingbeams

rkeeperswhenthetrailer iscarryingthe

\PONTONCLAMPINGHOOK

PublicDomain,

Google-d

igitized

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_use#pd-g

oogle


73/218

SINGEQUIPMENT

eduprightand loadedsymmetrically

fourpointsbyhooksengagedoverthe

and clampedtothesidemembersofthe

mpingscrews.Thepontonisalsoclamped

complishedbymeansofthepreviously

eam,onwhichthebottomoftheponton

e endofthebeamareplacedover the

nd thenthepontonisclampedsecurely

he wingnutsofthehooks.

sarefirstloadedflat,in fourstacksof

eclampedtothetrailer bymeansoftwo

dthechainsfrom thetwooutsideclamping

nthebeamdevicesandsecurelytightened.

thenplacedontopof thechessclamping

bythesamemethodasused forthechess.

overthebalkhavebeentightened,the

placedlengthwiseinthemiddleof theload

e clampingbeamsoverthebalk.The

edintheeyesof thefoldingstirrupslo-

bolsters.Thebeamissecuredinplace

sof thehooks.Unlessthepontonbeam

dicated,thedeflectionin thebalkclamping

debalkloose.

oadissecuredwiththesameclamp-

d."Thechessand trestlebalk,insteadof

arearrangedand clampedasinloading

ddition,ontwoof thetrailers,twosills

M

ad.


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74/218

,oneoneithersideofthe pontonclamping

ingtherings intheendsof thesillstothe

athirdtraileran assaultboatislashed.

stletransomsareloadedonthetrailer.

edon theirsides,oneeachoneither side

stheponton clampingbeamwhenthetrailer

eamsareplacedacrossthetransomand

outsideor shortchainclampingscrewsare

e fourtrestlecolumnsareplacedonthe

ngthetransomsandareheld downwiththe

eams.Thelatterclampingbeamsarese-

e insideclampingscrews.Theponton

inthesamemanneras withthedeckloads.

placedonthetrestlecolumns,twooneither

gbeam,andlashedto thecolumns.

eral,unloadingtrailersisthereverse

Assoon asthetraileris unloaded,all

gthepontonclampingbeam,mustbecare-

and securedasdescribedinparagraph

peciallyimportantthatthepontonclamping

drawbarofthe trailerafterthepontonis

pontonshouldbeunloadedondryland.

stationedoneachsideofthe ponton.At

alltakeholdofthecarryingrail ontheside

mandRAISE,theyraisethe pontonclear

ommandFORWARDMARCH,theycarryitin

edrawbar.Ifthe truckisstillattached

etrailerout fromunderthepontonas

edclear.Whentheapproachtotheriver

y,thepontonshouldbecarriedintowater

ofloatit throughoutitslength.

sthepontoncanbemostrapidly and

therbytiltingthetrailerandletting the


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75/218

SINGEQUIPMENT41-44

hewaterin caseofasteepbank,or by

riveruntilthewateris deepenoughto

se ofashelvingshorewitha gravelbottom.

id offthetrailerintothe waterwhen

the pontonmaybedamagedbystriking

ore orslightlysubmergedalongthewater's

motors47

motor48

.motor49

organizationalequipmentofeachunit

efollowing:

.

-hp.motorweighsapproximately110

lengthof about52inchesandanover-all

carriesathree-bladepropellerwitha

a pitchofabout8inches.It isanon-

ope-startingmotor,ratedat22 hp.at4,000

for theoperationandcareofthe

hmotorand describesindetailtheparts

ts andaccessoriesfurnishedwitheach

par.102).

Anattachmentbracketisfurnished

fastenedtothesternof theponton,

e pontonandhookingovertwolugson

rmscarryaboardto whichthemotor

or details.Theboardisraisedor lowered

ellermaybekept submergedattheproper

ftof theponton.


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76/218

racketfor22-hp.motor.

etowingadapterisadeviceforfacili-

powerpontonto araftinbridging or

stenedtothe bowofthepowerponton

woof thepontonsintheraft. The

changesindraftduetoraft loadingand

he steeringcomponentofthepropeller

rcontrol.However,inmanycases,attach-

rdirectlyto oneofthepontonsforming

ntpowerand controlsothataseparate

rwillnotbe required.

mallmotorofabout4.5horsepower,for

theassaultboat,weighsabout45pounds

of about46inchesandan over-allwidthof

wo-bladepropellerwithadiameterof

out1-yzinches.Itshouldoperateat about

ylinder,rope-startingmotorwhichis

Completeinformationonoperatingthe

structionbook.Thesparepartsand

heachmotorarelistedintable I(par.102).

eofthemotors.Successfulandde-

boardmotorsisassuredprovidedthe

emanufacturer'sinstructionbookarefaith-

d,andthemotorsareoperatedonlyby

Otherwisetheoperationofoutboard


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77/218

SINGEQUIPMENT47-48

ndunsatisfactory.Thefollowingpoints

phasis:

edfortransportationofmotorsby

sed.Motorsmustnot bedroppedonthe

xesor not.Motorsshouldbecovered

anufacturerregardingsparkplugs

gasolineareespeciallyimportantand

sarethemostfrequentcauseof failure

rt ortooperateproperly.Themotor

rryatleastoneextraset ofclean,dry

soastobe preparedtomakeimmediate

sary.

beprohibitedfromdisassemblingthe

andreplacementofsparkplugsand

toffuellinescreens.Otherrepairsare

dunderthesupervisionofaskilled

hp.motor.a.Thismotorisfor

gein bridgingandferryingoperations.

nit hasmanyuses,suchasferryingtroops,

tonstotheirplacesinthe bridge,patrolling,

efar shoreandsimilarwork.Incurrents

more,theefficiencyofbridgingandferrying

asedbytheuse ofoutboardmotors.

tboardsarenecessary.Foratwo-

be attachedtoonepontonoftheraft.

hould beattachedtothesternof aseparate

powerponton,fastenedtotherearof the

wingadapter.Toholdthepowerponton

theraft,linesshouldberun fromthesides

e powerponton.(Seefig.32.)Training

yforefficiencyintheuseof motorsinponton

n streamsofsufficientdepthtoprevent

hepropellershouldbe raisedandcleaned

sary.Driftwoodmaydamagethepro-

sed.


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78/218

y-outforoutboardmotorsusedwithpontouraft.

speedsofindividualpontonsandrafts

torareas follows:

_ ___

_

-hp.motor.a.Thismotorisfor

othersmallboatswhenlightboatsare needed

or ferryingoperations.Someoftheuses

singoperationsare

water.

mallpartyto thefarshore.

oat.

bedifficultor impossibletomovea

watertransportationmaybeneededforre-

orinspections.Alsoallthepontonsmaybe


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79/218

SINGEQUIPMENT49-52

uch caseslightmotorboatswillbe of

htofanassaultboatis about200pounds.

dedin eachunitofpontonequipage,and

tocombatunitsand lightpontoncompanies

th thelightmotors.Asmallpieceof

wosmallbentmetalstripsfor hangingit

ernisfurnishedfor eachmotortoserveas

cketmaygripthe sternproperly.The

hthelight outboardcanmakefrom5to

er.

iseisusuallysoughtinferryingthe

tboardmotorsshouldnotbe usedwith

tions.

uctedengineersoldiermustbeagood

xercisesshouldbethoroughlytaughtand

introopstomaneuverapontonexpertly.

a.Individualinstructioninthe

d boathooksshouldbecarefullysupervised

ersofthecompanytoseethateverypart of

.

noncommissionedofficer)embarkshis

f6oarsmen,andpushesoutintodeepwater

epontonisprovidedwith 7oars,2boat-

able.Theinstructor,placinghimselfin the

ninturnto practicewiththeoar,theothers

hedrill.

TION,theoarsmaninsertstherowlockin

gaftplaceshimselfin themiddleofthe

ock,assumingastandingpositionand trim-

RS,hegraspshis oarandraisesit briskly

ecenterofhis body,thehandlerestingon

thebladeparalleltothe keel.Thehand

he oarattheheightof thechest,elbowand

steadiesit atapoint12 incheslower.


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80/218

LL,heside-steps18incheswiththe foot

allowshisoarto falloutwardsothatthe

lethe shaftisheld clearofthegunwale.He

erowlock,31/2feetfromtheendofthe grip,

Henextslips onehandtothegrip and

8inchesfromit,the backsofbothhands

wered,andmovesthefootnexttothe rowlock

y31/4feetoftheoar shouldbeinthe ponton.

AT,givenwhentheoar isatthefinal

TALL(oratHOLDWATER,inwhichcasethe

hisposition),heraises hiswristsandex-

eweightof thebodywellforward,drops

ewater,throwshis weightstronglyback-

agesitfrom thewater,andresumeshis

nsarerepeatedwithregularity,taking

,to keeptheoarnearthe water,andto

ewrists aftereveryemersionuntilthe

orOARSisgiven.Theinstructorwilltake

dbytheweightofthebody andnotbythe

NOTTGH,givenwhentheoaris inthe

onestroke,raiseshisoar toaverticalposi-

heponton,thebladetowardthe bow.

givenwhentheoaris inthewater,he

andresumesthe finalpositionindicated

tionHOLDWATER,thestrokeisomitted.

WATER,givenwhenthecaris inthefinal

ALL,theoarsmanraisesthegrip soasto

ater,andholdstheoarfirmlyat rightan-

ertical.Theobjectis tocheckthehead-

ALL,givenwhentheoaris atHOLDWATER.

catedforLETFALL,hereversestheopera-

underGIVE WAY,andbypushing

whenimmersed,givesthepontona motion

sesatthecommandsWAYENOUGHorOARS,

cribedabove.

sgivenwhentheoar isinthe finalposi-

L,andisexecutedbyremovingtheoar from

ail alongside,heldbythehandnextthe

sedwheneveritis necessarytoprevent

AtthecommandSHIPthe oarisrestored


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HINGEQUIPMENT58-53

AKSmaybegivenwhentheoaris inthe

LETFALLorat upOARS.Theoarsman

al,ifnotalreadythere,lays itquietlyon

n,bladetowardthebow,and takesthe

a.Theobjectofthis schoolisthein-

the managementofthesingleponton.

allofthecreware thoroughlyfamiliar

escribedunderindividualinstruction.

ctedundertheclosesupervisionofa com-

tandleftof aboataretheright and

ow.

orprovideshisdetachmentwithseven

ormsit insinglerank,withthe best

mandsLEFTFACE,andmarchesit

oathooksare carriedontheshoulder,

e oarsaredepositedinthe bottomof

des towardthebowandtheseventh

areplacedoutsidetheoars,prongs toward

din thebow,withthelowerendmade

andtheotherattachedtotheanchorby

orisplacedwithits flukesoverthebow

estingon theaccessorystorage

TION(executedasunderindividualin-

ethemselvesintheorderin whichthey

rightoarsman(strokeoar) takingthe

othersalternating,theeven numbers

abreastoftheoddnumbers.The instruc-

oofthecrewto stepashore,removethe

pushthepontonfrom thebank.

RS(executedasunderindividualinstruc-

ereversedoar himselfand,drawingit

adeoverthe stern.

EOFFthemenonshore,aidedby the

ry,byothersofthecrewwith theiroars,

mthebankandjump in.Alltheoarsmen

fUP OARS,andtheinstructorplaceshisoar

dinesstodirectthecourseofthe boat.

(executedasunderindividualinstruction)


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82/218

toexecuteinunisonthe following

underindividualinstruction,theafter

givingthecadence:GIVEWAY;WAT

ALL;OARS;HOLDWATER;STERNALL;UNSHIP;

nordertosecurethesimultaneousand

emovementsthepreparatorycommands

ybe used:STANDBYTOGIVEWAY;STAND

NDBYTOSTERNALL.Theseexerciseswillbe

rewcanexecutethemproperly.

rilledintheforegoingsimple exer-

omplicatedmovementswillbetaught:

dly,theoarsbeingat thefinalposition

einstructorcommandsGIVEWAY

FT(orRIGHT).Pullingand

withtheafteroar oftheirownside.To

orcommandsGIVEWAY,atwhichthe

ctstroke.Assistingwithhis ownoar,

pontonwith greatrapidityandina

ethod.

onis firstheadedtothecurrentand

mmandPREPARETOCASTANCHOR,theright

theiroars; theformerunshipsthebow

ndsees thatthecableisclear,whilethe

both handsneartheshank,andstands

Atthe commandCASTANCHORhetipsit

therightbowoarsmaninpayingout the

sdroppedastern(or beenbacked)about

water,theytakeasingleturnaround

holdstronglyuponthecableto makethe

om.Whenthis isaccomplished,they

muchmorerope,and thensecurethe

eats.TheinstructorthencommandsBOAT

ewbeingat ATTENTION,theinstructor

TOWEIGHANCHOR;2.UPOARS;3.LETFALL.

bowoarsmanloosensthecablefromthe

t bowoarsman,passesitoverthemiddle

readytohaulin.The remainingoarsmen

commandsasgiven.Theinstructorthen

causesthepontontobemovedslowlytoward

antakinginthe slackofthecableand

bow.Whilethecablebecomesvertical,

hecked,andthetwomen,pullingvigorously,


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83/218

SINGEQUIPMENT53-54

w,whereitisheld bytherightbowoarsman,

graspsthe stockwithbothhands,and,

sman,lifts ittoits positionalready

beremovedbyhandandtheanchorcleaned

metheiroars andtakethestroke.

ngthelandingplace,the pontonbeing

tion,theinstructorcommandsINBOWS.

oarsmantakesonestroke,and,boating

ndividualinstruction,takesaboathook

inthelanding.Whensufficientwayhas

rcommandsWAYENOUGH,andthe

emainingboathooktoassist intheland-

steeringoar thenbringstheponton

nvenientmanner,causestherowlockstobe

tobe properlysecured,andlandshismen

escribedforembarkingthem.

SANDGENEEAL

mbalk57

ridgesofvarioustypesmaybecon-

methods,"asfollows:

,whichmeansthatthefloatingportion

essivelyaddingonepontonafteranother.

thatparts consistingofthreebays,

ofbaysareassembledalongtheshoreor in

ercoverandfloatedtotheir placesinthe

materialrequiredforeffectingtheconnec-

ed.

hatrafts ofoneormorebaysof the

gtheshoreor insometributarystream

irplacesin thebridgeandconnectedto-

pontonsof adjacentraftstogether,side

orsomeothermeansto keeptheadjacent

ectionatthesamelevel.

hefirst two,constructionbysuccessive

pplicableto thelightpontonequipage,

ofconstructionbyraftsofferslittle,if any,


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84/218

ERS

odofconstructionbyparts,andabridge

ableofsupportingonlythe lightestloads

eamactionofthebalkis interruptedatthe

ontinuousbeamactionis requiredto

the bridgeisdesigned.

tionbypartswillbe particularlyappli-

whichprovidesconcealmentanddefilade,

ory.In suchasituationitmight be

he floatingpartsofthebridgeduring

vercrossingoperationandfloattheminto

econstructionofthepontonbridgeis

themostfavorableconditionssomeform

lablefor maneuveringthepartsinto

oardmotorona separatepontoncan

artin streamswhosecurrentdoesnot

nderno circumstancesshouldthemethod

attemptedunlessthetroops arethor-

escribeddrillfor thenormalmethodof

vepontons.

nallythewaternearthe abutmentsill

eventcontactbetweenthebottomofthefirst

whenthebridgeisheavilyloaded.How-

essarytouseoneormoretrestles toreach

enecessarydraftforthe pontons.The

le istofloatit intopositiononaraft which

tingbayof bridge.Whenseveraltrestles

onnection,therivertrestle willbeplaced

wateris tooshallowtofloatthetrestle

to allowfreeactionforthefirst boat

thismethod,itmustbe assembledonthe

ositionaspossibleand manhandledintoits

thismanualthe flotationmethodwillbe

atermethodandthemanhandlingmethod

hallowwatermethod.

llgovernthe erectionmethod.For

ayberequired,thefirsti nshallowwater,

noughto floatthehingespanraft butnot

useofthe shallowwatermethod,andthe

caseitis preferabletoerectthefirsttwo

ytheshallowwatermethod,addinganaddi-

orerectionofthesecondtrestle-No at-

unchmorethan onetrestlefromthehinge


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85/218

SINGEQUIPMENT

ormalmethodofsecuringthebridge

ctionisby anchorswith1-inchropeanchor

chorson thelineofupstreamanchors

elocityofthe current.Thedownstream

ytoprovide cablesforthemanipulationof

ementofthebridgeduringconstruction,

weavinginthecurrent.Thedownstream

datintervalsof62 feetorateveryfourth

oprovides

tm 5-270 standard stream crossing equipment, 1940

Documents