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TRANSCRIPT
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Title slide graphics source: http://innovationcharter.pbworks.com/f/islam.jpg
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Islam = the religion
Muslim = the person who follows that religion
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The star and crescent moon (or just the crescent)
is the most common
worldwide symbol of the Islamic
religious community.
http://blog.timesunion.com/opinion/files/2011/03/0310_WVislamhearings.jpg
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an OKC mosque
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The Arabic word “Islam” translates
two ways: "surrender"
and "peace” –
surrender to the will of God and the
peace that comes with that surrender.
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Islam was started by Muhammad. He was born in
570 A.D. in Mecca (Saudi Arabia).
Mecca is also written Makkah.
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For Muslims, Muhammad is NOT a God, or God’s son. He is viewed as
the greatest prophet of God.
Why don’t I show a picture of Muhammad
here?
After Islam was about 800 years old, it became accepted that no one should make statues, paintings, or any other
images of Muhammad – or of any other Muslim religious leaders.
Leaders of Islam came to this agreement because they didn’t want Muslims to
worship Muhammad instead of worshipping God.
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The Qur’an (also written “Koran”) is the holy book of Islam.
According to Muslim belief, the Qur’an is the word
of God and was revealed to
Muhammad by the angel Gabriel.
http://www.irfan-ul-quran.com/quran/english/tid/20/Buy-Holy-Quran-with-English-Translation.
Is anything about this Qur’an cover
surprising to you?
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All Muslims are required to read the Qur’an, and it must be read in its
original language – Arabic.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Quran-Mus'haf_Al_Tajweed.jpg
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But obviously, not all Muslims grow up speaking Arabic. So how are they
supposed to read the Qur’an in Arabic?
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Muslim_population_map.png
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Many Qur’ans are bilingual – two languages.
http://www.hilalplaza.com/images/products/detail/quranenglish2.jpg
But even then, the Qur’an never
translates God’s name out of
Arabic. It stays “Allah” in any
language of the Qur’an. (Muslims,
however, often translate it in
regular conversation.)
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Many stories from the Old and New Testaments are included in the
Qur’an. Moses and Jesus are both accepted as Muslim prophets.
http://insideislam.wisc.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/esusinIslam.jpg https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/53/12/fc/5312fcae928977b49e79b73ce6e999ee.jpg
PBUH = “Peace be upon him” is typically added after a major prophet’s name.
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They also do not believe that the Romans were allowed to finish killing Jesus. They believe that God saved
Jesus from death and took him to heaven before he died on the cross.
However, Muslims do not believe that Jesus was God.
http://www.zbrushcentral.com/showthread.php?183642-My-first-work-Crucifixion-of-Jesus
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The 'Five Pillars' of Islam
http://thecenterschool.info/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/5-pillars-of-character.jpg
The declaration of faith: "There is no god but the one God, and Muhammad is his messenger.”
“Allah” is just the Arabic word for “God.”
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1 - before sunrise2 - mid-day 3 - late afternoon4 - sunset5 - bedtime
Prayer:
Pray at five specific times each day.
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BUT – there are two branches of Islam:
Sunni (majority)
and
Shiite.
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Shiites pray 3 times a day instead of 5. They combine some prayer times:
1 - before sunrise2 - mid-day/late afternoon3 - sunset/bedtime
https://sp2.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607993878371764874&pid=15.1
Many Iranians have stayed in the United States since the 1979 Iranian Revolution. So if you know a Muslim from Iran, you probably know a Shiite Muslim.
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https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.608036316947350764&pid=15.1
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But all Muslims – Sunni and Shiite –
face Mecca (Makkah) when they pray.
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Shiite Muslims believe that after the Prophet Muhammad's death, leadership should have
passed directly to a blood relative, to his son-in-law.
Sunni Muslims believed the new leader should be elected – chosen from the best
leaders.
Background note:
Why two branches of Islam?
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This all came up after Muhammad’s death in 632 C.E. (A.D.). Sunni and Shiite
Muslims have been the two branches of Islam ever since.
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Compassion: Give to help the needy.
Islam teaches that everything we have comes from God. Every year, Muslims are to give 2.5% of their total wealth to help those in need.
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In some places (such as Saudi Arabia), the government collects the money –
like a tax.
But in most parts of the world, Muslims are simply expected to do it. (There is a lot of social and religious pressure to do it.)
https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2943/15325040431_9a1e2eee5c_z.jpg
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That money is to be used for causes such as helping the poor (with food,
clothing, medical care), freeing people held in slavery (remember, the Qur’an was written
about 1400 years ago), and helping travelers who need help to return home.
(Qur’an 9:60)
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Fasting:Do not eat or drink from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan.
Ramadan evening meal
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Ramadan commemorates the giving of the Qur'an (Koran) to Muhammad by the angel
Gabriel.
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A meal is eaten before sunrise and another meal is eaten after sundown.
https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607992254904142934&pid=15.1&P=0
How this looks depends very much on the family and the
culture where that family lives.
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How could Ramadan get a bit complicated for Muslims who live in countries where
there are not many Muslims?https://sp1.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607997597838737501&pid=15.1&P=0
In countries where there are mainly
Muslims, life is adjusted for
Ramadan’s schedule.
BUT
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Why make fasting so
important?
https://sp1.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607986671446919723&pid=15.1&P=0
- as a reminder to focus on things that are important for your spirit instead of just things that are important to your body
- as a reminder that some people go without much of the time – simply because they are poor – and that we should help them out
- to practice self-control
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4. Fast during Ramadan
3. Give to help people in need.
2. Pray at specific times
each day.
1. Believe in one God and that
Muhammad is his prophet.
So, the first 4 pillars are:
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The Hajj: If at all possible, make the pilgrimage (Hajj) to Makkah (Mecca), Saudi Arabia, at least once during your lifetime.
The final pillar is
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Muslims go on the Hajj to Mecca every year. The Ka’bah, the holiest site in Islam, is visited.
http://www.emirates247.com/news/region/stunning-pictures-of-grand-mosque-in-makkah-2013-07-31-1.516176http://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/418748/hajj-2013.jpg
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The Qu’ran teaches that Adam (the first man) built the first Ka’bah and that Abraham
and his son Ishmail rebuilt the Ka’bah.
http://www.blessedislam.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Kaaba-71.jpg
Historians confirm that it has been a site of worship for thousands of years – long before Muhammad was born.
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Almost 2 million Muslims come to Makkah during the yearly hajj.
They are there for about two weeks.What challenges does this present to
Saudi Arabia?
Where will
they sleep?
Where will they eat?
Where will they use
the restroom?
What if they get sick?
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The government of Saudi Arabia sets
up a tent-city 4 miles from Mekkah.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_r3vIo5Hgk3Y/TOjNVdQe4VI/AAAAAAAABS4/SzPeyIl5qLo/s1600/18112010793-783220.jpg
Hundreds of busses take
pilgrims there from the airport.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Pilgrims_boarding_buses,_heading_to_Mina_at_the_start_of_Hajj_-_Flickr_-
_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg
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Tents are crowded, but are air-conditioned.
There are separate tents for men and women.
Bathrooms and kitchens are also set up throughout the tent city.
http://zamzam-travel.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/mina-tent.jpg
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The tent city is big!
http://www.hajinformation.com/jpghi/1205.jpg
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REALLY big!
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-b1fvNaTUZO8/TrEulD33YZI/AAAAAAAABvM/tTitzT1exnM/s1600/Mina+tents.jpg
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The Hajj is not just going to Makkah. Pilgrims visit five sacred sites. Different rituals are
performed at each site.
The Ka’bah in Makkah is the first and last site visited.
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Reasons Muslims go on the Hajj:
- to feel closer to God by walking where Mohammad, Abraham, and even Adam lived and walked- to feel unity with Muslims from around the world
- to ask forgiveness in a sacred place- to fulfill the command of the Fifth Pillar of Islam
http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01475/pilgrim_1475124c.jpg
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4. Fast during
Ramadan
3. Give to help
people in need.
2. Pray at specific
times each day.
1. Believe in one God and
that Muhammad is his prophet.
The Five Pillars summarize the most important beliefs shared by all Muslims.
5. Go on the Hajj