tissues and body system
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
1/29
Tissues and bodysystem
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
2/29
Introduction
There is a similar organization within
living things
the first thing we saw were cells
Specialized cells are given specific
functions eg. carry messages, digest food etc
Cells work along side other cells in what
we call tissues
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
3/29
Introduction contd
there are billions of individual cells
working hard in specialized jobs
These cells join into tissues, organs,
and systems
A tissue is a group of similar cells that
all work together on the same job
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
4/29
Tissues
Eg tissues in your lungs are made up
of millions of similar cells working
together to transport oxygen to the
blood
Blood itself is a liquid tissue that
transports oxygen, food and waste
throughout the body
Different types of tissues come
together to form organs
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
5/29
tissues
For example, the heart is an organ
made up of muscle tissue, blood
tissue, and nerve tissue
An organ has an important job, that
keeps the living thing alive
Like animals, plants also have
organs. Common plant organs are
leaves, stems, and roots.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
6/29
Categories of tissues
Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
7/29
Epithelium
Lines, covers, and protects othertissues and organs.
Characterized by:
Cells tightlyjunked togetherjunked together
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
8/29
Connective Tissue
Tissue protects and supports.
Types of Connective tissue
Adipose- fatty tissue
Cartilage-
Bone
Blood
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
9/29
Adipose (Fat)
Function as storage cells for adipose (lipids)
Adipose cells contain a large vacuole which inthe live cell contains lipids.
Cell nucleus and cytoplasm are pushed out toedge of cell membrane.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
10/29
cartilage
Jenna Hellack Jan
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
11/29
Bone
Jenna Hellack Jan
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
12/29
Blood
Jenna Hellack Jan
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
13/29
Muscle Tissue Tissue with cells having fibers specialized for
contraction.
Skeletal Muscle (Striated, voluntary) Parallel elongated cells (fibers), multinucleated and each cell is
the length of the muscle.
Smooth Muscle ( involuntary)
Cells are long and tapered. Organized into sheets of muscle.
Cardiac Muscle- heart muscle
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
14/29
Nervous tissues
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
15/29
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
16/29
NervousSystem
MuscularSystem
SkeletalSystem
CirculatorySystem
EndocrineSystem
IntegumentarySystem
11 Major Organ Systems
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
17/29
Lymphatic
System
RespiratorySystem
DigestiveSystem
UrinarySystem
ReproductiveSystem
11 Major Organ Systems
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
18/29
Respiratory
System Why do we need to breathe? All the cells in your body require oxygen. Without it, they couldn't move,
build, reproduce, and turn food into energy. In fact, without oxygen, they
and you would die!
What is the primary function of the Respiratory
system? It's purpose is to bring oxygen into your body. One of the products of
cellular respiration is carbon dioxide. Your respiratory system helps your
body get rid of that carbon dioxide.
Respiration is achieved through the mouth, nose,
trachea, lungs, and diaphragm.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
19/29
Respiratory system
So, it all starts at the nose? Yup. About 20 times a minute, you breathe in.
You inhale air and pass it through your nasal passages.
where the air is filtered, heated, moistened and enters
the back of the throat. When we eat, a flap -- the epiglottis -- flops down to
cover the windpipe so that food doesn't go down the
windpipe.
It flows down through the windpipe, past the voice box
or vocal cords, to where the lowermost ribs meet the
center of your chest.
There, your windpipe divides into two tubes called
bronchi, which branch into even smaller tubes much like
the branches of a tree called bronchioles. At the end of
these tubes are millions of tiny bubbles or sacs called
alveoli
Your alveoli bring new oxygen from air you've breathed
to your bloodstream. They exchange it for waste
products, like carbon dioxide
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
20/29
circulatory
system What it does? It keeps the cells of the body alive. It is an important system
as it joins all the other systems.
The blood takes to the cells : food, oxygen and hormones.
The blood brings from the cells :carbon dioxide, heat, water
and other wastes.
White cells help to defend the body against infections and
platelets play a role in clotting.
The organs of the circulatory system
:the heart and blood vessels (arteries,
veins and capillaries)
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
21/29
Circulatory
system
How it works?
Heart muscles do not need to rest.
The muscles work together so that the heart receives
blood into the atria and then pumps it to the lungs and
the rest of the body from the ventricles.
The arteries carry blood at high pressure and they have
thicker walls
The capillaries are only made of epithelium so materials
pass through them easily to and from the cells.
The veins have thinner walls than the arteries andreturn blood to the heart.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
22/29
Digestive System
What it does?
Food is taken into the mouth
and passed along thealimentary canal (gut).
Lining of the gut produces
digestive juices called enzymes.
The food is broken down or
digested. Undigested food
passes out as faeces.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
23/29
Digestive system
Organs of the digestive system
Mouth
Oesophagus Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
Associated glands
Liver
Pancreas
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
24/29
Digestive system
The alimentary canal run as a very longtube from mouth to anus.
Its muscles are smooth muscles whichcontracts and relaxes automatically topush the food along as it is digested
Inner epithelium is specialised toproduce digestive enzymes or to
absorb food.
The liver produces bile, which breaksfat into small pieces. Pancreasproduces digestive juices
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
25/29
Nervous System
What it does?
It gathers and stores informationand is in overall control of thebody. Allows us to think andrespond to changes.
How it works?
Nerve cells collect informationfrom the sense organs and otherbody parts.
Info goes to the spinal chord orthe brain.
Responding messages are sentto muscles which respond.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
26/29
Nervous System
The organs
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves to body organs such
as the sense organs and
muscles
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
27/29
Reproductive system
What it does?
It makes sexual reproduction
possible.
A special cell division occurs to
make sperm and eggs.
Sperm are produced in the
male which can be transferred
to the female
Eggs are produced in thefemale and after fertilization,
the embryo grows in the
uterus.
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
28/29
ReproductiveSystem
The organs
Males: testes, sperm duct,
prostate gland, urethra, penis
Females: ovaries, oviduct(fallopian tube), uterus and
vagina
-
8/6/2019 Tissues and Body System
29/29
Enjoy your weekend and remember
to start preparing for your for
presentations next week