tips on note taking:

Please enter the room quietly and make note of the daily objective, class work and homework in your agendas.

Will the person responsible for retrieving the journals for your row please do so.

TIPS ON NOTE TAKING:GREEN - Don't write it down if you don't want. It is there for to read and make a mental note.

BLUE - You should write this information down, but put it in your own words. Don't worry about coping it exactly. Put it in a way that you'll remember.

BLACK - You need to write this down. It is important. If you can find a way to write it using less words that okay, but make sure you are getting this information in your notes.

RED - This is very important and needs to be written in your notes EXACTLY as it is on the board.

The Western Empire Collapses.

How did internal weaknesses and external threats lead to the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

What kind of impression does this picture give about what happened the Western Roman Empire?

BIG IDEA: Power takes many forms.Essential Question: How does power evolve?

Change

Question: How did power evolve or change after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

Vocab Word Search (pages 16 - 20):citizenship -

corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -

membership in a political community that brings both rights and responsibilities.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -


the use of a position of trust for dishonest gain.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -



became the Huns’ chief.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -




self-governing.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -




self-governing.

king of the Franks.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -


to take part in an activity or event.



self-governing.

king of the Franks.


corruption -

Attila -

autonomous -

Clovis -

participate -

emphasize -


to take part in an activity or event.



self-governing.

king of the Franks.

show that something is important.

Quick question: Which emperor divided the empire into two parts (East and West)?


Diocletian


Diocletian

Why did he do this? Was it successful?

DIRECTIONS:There are ten stations. Each one shows either and INTERNAL or EXTERNAL cause for the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

1) You and your group will have three minutes at each station to do the following:

a) Read all the information at the station.b) Make note of the title of the station and if it was an INTERNAL or EXTERNAL weakness. c) Make notes on the information written in BLUE (DO

NOT try to copy it down exactly - just summarize theinfo).

d) Select a member of your group to write a quick response on the white paper to the GREEN focus question.

e) If you like another groups response give it a star (*)d) There are QR Codes at each station, scan them and learn more about each internal or external weakness.

When the time has expired you will move on to the next numbered station. When you are done at station nine go to station one.

Invasion by the Barbarians (Video):

1) Who were the Huns, where did they come from and what did they do to their neighboring barbarian tribes?

2) Where did Alaric leader of the Goths settle his people and what did he want?

3) Who assisted the Goths in their invasion of the city?

4) What did the barbarians try to do after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire?

5) How did the Eastern Roman Empire respond to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire?

Quick write: Which reason out of the ones you see below, do you believe is the most responsible for the fall of the Western Empire and why?

Question: How did power evolve or change after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

Please enter the room quietly and make note of the daily objective, class work and homework in your agendas.

Will the person responsible for retrieving the journals for your row please do so.

TIPS ON NOTE TAKING:GREEN - Don't write it down if you don't want. It is there for to read and make a mental note.

BLUE - You should write this information down, but put it in your own words. Don't worry about coping it exactly. Put it in a way that you'll remember.

BLACK - You need to write this down. It is important. If you can find a way to write it using less words that okay, but make sure you are getting this information in your notes.

RED - This is very important and needs to be written in your notes EXACTLY as it is on the board.

Use pages 16 - 20 in your textbook to complete your worksheet:

expensive

Growth of Christianity

Foreign troops

Destroyed farms, hurt trade and made many poor.

Higher taxes.

Changed Roman society.

Romans became to lazy to fight.

Huns

Germanic

Attila

autonomous self-governing

The Visigoths settles in Spain.

The Ostrogoths took over Italy.

Quick Write: Answer this question on the top section of your worksheet.

1) What effort did Emperor Caracalla make to strengthen the empire? Why?


2) What are some motivations the Huns might have had to travel all the way from Central Asia to attack western Europeans and the Roman Empire?



2) What are some motivations the Huns might have had to travel all the way from Central Asia to attack western Europeans and the Roman Empire?

3) What was the immediate effect of the Huns’ arrival on the empire’s outskirts?


Turn to page 18 in your text book and match which barbarian tribe invaded which Roman territory.

TRIBE ROMAN TERRITORY

Roman citizenship:

Read the section Expanding Citizenship on page 16 and answer the following questions.

1) Who began to offer Roman citizenship to free men in 212 A.D. and why?

2) What the two main benefits did Roman citizenship?

3) What problems did citizenship not solve?

Pull Quotes from a Text

The Fall of the Western Roman Empire

How did internal weaknesses and external threats lead to the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

Today we are going to discuss the reasons why the western half of the Roman empire collapsed.

The Gap between the Rich and Poor grows

These are portraits of how rich Roman society lived. What words come to mind when you see these pictures?

The rich used slave labor instead of hiring average Roman citizens to work for them. This caused the rich to get richer and the poor to become poorer. Most poorer Romans had to either work for very little money or had to join the army as a way to make money. Other Romans turned to crime in order to support themselves and their families. With a lack of jobs, money and resources riots and general civil unrest became common.

*INTERNAL*

Question for discussion in your group: Imagine you are an average Roman citizen who is having trouble making a living. How would you feel if you saw the rich like they are shown in the picture above?

A Constant state of Warfare

These pictures show the Roman army in combat and the types of weapons and tactics that they used.

Since it was created to the moment of its collapse the Roman Empire was in a constant state of warfare. It either was expanding outward and conquering lands or defending itself from attack. The cost of maintaining an army was very expensive. Most of the battles that were being fought to protect Roman from invasion were being fought in the countryside where the food to feed the empire was grown. The damage that these battles caused often led to food shortages. Also the wars constantly disrupted trade.

Question for your group to discuss: Aside from the damage to crops and trade what other reasons would a constant state of warfare be bad for the Roman empire?

*INTERNAL*

A Weaker Army

This picture shows two Roman army units fighting each other. Before you read any further ask yourself why you think they would be fighting.

The Roman army was one of the most powerful in the world, but as the empire began to expand they needed more people to fight in their army, which meant they had to recruit soldiers from conquered lands. Most of these soldiers were not as loyal to the Roman Empire as those who were born in the Roman empire. Other recruits were Romans who came from very poor families, and were only in the army because they needed the money, not because they were loyal. Also since the empire was divided it wasn't uncommon for armies from the Eastern and Western empires to fight each other and also not to come to each others aid if they were attacked by a foreign invader.

*INTERNAL*

Question for discussion in your group: If you were forced to join the Roman army and had to fight in a battle where you might die, would you stand and fight or run away?

Corruption in the Roman Government

These pictures are of the Roman senate meeting to discuss issues that effected the Roman people. What if they used their power and influence for their own purposes rather than for the benefit of the average Roman citizen?

Keeping the Roman government and army working was very expensive. The way to pay for the government and army was by way of taxes, which were paid mostly by the rich. Often times though the rich would give bribes to Senators and tax collectors so they wouldn't have to pay their fair share of taxes. Also Senators would use their position and influence to obtain more power in the Roman government. This ongoing corruption lead to a weaker government in the Western Empire.

Question for discussion in your group: How do you think the average Roman citizen felt when they learned about the massive amount of corruption that was occurring in their government?

*INTERNAL*

A Lack of Education

These pictures show some examples of the Roman educational system. What are some similarities that you see to current education in these pictures?

At the height of the Roman Empire all Romans were provided a basic education, but towards the end of the western empire only the rich could afford to pay teachers and receive a quality level of education. Most of the poor were only provided with a basic level of education that left them without the knowledge and basic skills to survive. In time even the rich began to neglect their education. They figured that since they already had all the money and resources what good would a formal education do for them? This decline in education caused more and more generations being unable to sustain the great Roman structures, like aqueducts, that Romans had become dependant on.

Question for your group: How do you think the collapse of the western empire might have been prevented if the Romans had provided everyone with a good education?

*INTERNAL*

Social Problems

These pictures are of a latifundia and the slaves that were used to work these country estates for the rich people who lived there.

The rich who feared the growing civil unrest in the cities and constant infighting among Roman armies moved to country estates known as latifundia that could be independent from the rest of the Roman Empire, which meant that they had their food supplies and a small military force that could protect it. They would mostly use slave labor to help them maintain their estates. The rich people were moving away from the cities and took their slaves with them the number of people that were living in the cities declined. Also since less rich people living in the city it meant less jobs and less money that was spent in the cities. The poor either had to work for very little on the farms in the latifundia or join the army.

*INTERNAL*

Question for your group: If you had the choice between joining the army or working as almost a slave at a latifundia which would you choose?

The Rise of Christianity

Toward the final days of the Roman Empire a new religion was born. Christianity, which was started by Jesus Christ and his followers, began to appeal to the lower classes of Roman citizens. They began to believe that God and Jesus were the true authorities of humanity and began to ignore and challenge Roman authority. Roman emperors at the time were seen as the ultimate authority and the people higher up in the social standing were supposed to hyave more authority than the common citizen. In Christianity, the ultimate authority is God and Jesus. Christians felt only the law of their God was the one that they had hold themselves accountable to. This obviously caused conflict between the Roman authority and the Christians.

*INTERNAL*

The pictures above are symbols used by Christians during the time of the Roman Empire. Do you see any similarities to between these symbols and symbols used by the modern Christian church?

Question for your group: Are you religious? If so how does your faith influence who choose to lead you? If you are not religious who influences you and who do you choose to lead you?

Invasion by the Barbarians

This map can be found on page 18 of your text book. If the empire wasn't divided do you think that it could have stopped these invasions by the barbarians?

Barbarians lived on the other side of the Rhine and Danube rivers. These rivers marked the eastern boarders of the Roman Empire. The Romans looked at the barbarians as uncivilized and kept them out using military force. For a while the Roman army was able to keep these barbarians from crossing the borders into Roman territory until a hostile and fierce tribe known as the Huns began attacking these tribes and forcing them into Roman territory. A weakened Roman army who spent time fighting itself as well as invaders eventually failed to stop barbarian tribes from crossing the borders of the Roman Empire.A great Hun leader known as Attila took control of the Hun army in 430 AD and began attacking the Roman Empire directly in areas like Gaul and Italy.

Question for your group: What internal weakness helped to cause the invasions by the barbarians?

*EXTERNAL*

Attila the Hun

Autonomous Kingdoms in Roman Territory

Barbarian tribes from the east began to cross the Roman Empire’s border and set up their own kingdoms which were autonomous and independent from the Roman Empire. These kingdoms grew so powerful that the weakened Roman army could no longer stop them from growing and seizing Roman territory. In 476 a tribe known as the Visigoths, who invaded Roman territory from the North, forced the emperor of the Western Roman Empire to leave the capital city of Rome. Ten years later the King Clovis who was the king of the tribe known as the Franks who invaded Roman territory from the east defeated the last of the major Roman armies in the western empire. By 500 AD the Western Roman Empire no longer existed.

*EXTERNAL*

The first picture is of Alaric and his Visigoth army taking over the capital city of Rome. The other is of the Frankish King Clovis. These two tribes set up self-governing kingdoms in Roman lands.

Question for your group: Do you think it is possible for a group set up an autonomous kingdom in the United States? Are there autonomous groups already here? (hint: there are).

A Lack of Leadership

This is a picture of Romulus Augustulu, who is the last official emperor of the Western Roman Empire. His rule was one of the Rome's shortest because shortly after he assumed power the city of Rome fell.

During the later years of the Western Roman Empire the emperors who assumed power become more corrupt and also less powerful and capable to rule the empire. When Diocletian first split the empire he was hoping that each ruler selected to govern over their portion of the empire would have the qualifications and capabilities to do so successfully. Unfortunately with each new ruler there were more problems. Since obtaining power, over being qualified to hold power, became a constant theme among the new rulers the Western Roman Empires leadership became weaker and more disorganized. In the end it was a lack of leadership that was a primary reason why the empire collapsed.

Question for your group: Leadership in our country is very important. The leaders in our government are responsible for many things that affect us daily. Do you believe our leaders are doing a good job? Why or why not?

*INTERNAL*

Important Things to Remember:

* List of the causes for the collapse of the Roman  Empire:

 1) Autonomous Kingdoms 2) Invasion by Barbarians 3) Rise of Slavery 4) Lack of Education 5) Corruption in Government 6) Political Struggles 7) Increase cost of goods. 

Quick Write:

Exit Ticket: Use the note card you received to answer the following question.

Of all of the weaknesses and threats that you learned about today which one do you believe was the most responsible for the fall of the Western Roman Empire, why?

tips on note taking:

Documents

vocab word search pages

citizenship corruption

attila autonomous

political community

dishonest gain

position of trust

huns chief

western roman empire