Emission System Emission System Nite-Hawk Raptor - Isuzu NPR Nite-Hawk Raptor - Isuzu NPR

Diesel Diesel

Why Complex Emission Why Complex Emission Systems?Systems?

May 2004, EPA signed new rules regulating diesel emission May 2004, EPA signed new rules regulating diesel emission standards - to be phased-in over 2006-2014 (categorized in Tiers standards - to be phased-in over 2006-2014 (categorized in Tiers 1-4) 1-4)

Per this directive, 85% of nitrogen oxides must be removed from Per this directive, 85% of nitrogen oxides must be removed from diesel engine exhaust compared to earlier systemsdiesel engine exhaust compared to earlier systems

Why Complex Emission Why Complex Emission Systems?Systems?

May 2004, EPA signed new rules regulating diesel emission standards - May 2004, EPA signed new rules regulating diesel emission standards - to be phased-in over 2006-2014 (categorized in Tiers 1-4) to be phased-in over 2006-2014 (categorized in Tiers 1-4)

Per this directive, 85% of nitrogen oxides must be removed from diesel Per this directive, 85% of nitrogen oxides must be removed from diesel engine exhaust compared to earlier systemsengine exhaust compared to earlier systems

Tier 1-2 standards were met by improved engine and fuel control Tier 1-2 standards were met by improved engine and fuel control systemssystems

Tier 3 standards were met by implementation of Diesel Particulate Tier 3 standards were met by implementation of Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) System, effective on 2007 and forward modelsFilter (DPF) System, effective on 2007 and forward models

Tier 4 standards are met by adding a Selective Catalytic Reduction Tier 4 standards are met by adding a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System, effective 2011 and forward models(SCR) System, effective 2011 and forward models

Emission System – How Emission System – How It WorksIt Works

Exhaust system routes first through a Diesel Particulate Filter Exhaust system routes first through a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)(DPF)

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) is injected into exhaust streamDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) is injected into exhaust stream The heat of the exhaust turns the DEF into ammonia gas, water The heat of the exhaust turns the DEF into ammonia gas, water

vapor and carbon dioxide vapor and carbon dioxide In the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Assembly, ammonia In the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Assembly, ammonia

gas transforms the exhaust’s nitrogen oxide (NOx) into harmless gas transforms the exhaust’s nitrogen oxide (NOx) into harmless nitrogen gas, and is exhausted to atmosphere.nitrogen gas, and is exhausted to atmosphere.

Emission System – ComponentsEmission System – Components

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)

• Located at vehicle centerline (adjacent to driveshaft)• Traps “smoke and solid particulates” in filter, which are cleaned / burned off during a Regeneration Cycle

• Regeneration occurs by controlled regulation of fuel flow to engine - this increases exhaust temperatures, which will burn off trapped particulate matter

Emission System - Emission System - ComponentsComponents

Diesel Exhaust Fluid

• Reservoir located on driver side (between curb broom and head). • Injector located on passenger side, next to the rear of the DPF• DEF is a combination of Purified Water (70%) and Urea (30%)• DEF is injected into the exhaust stream, (downstream of DPF, upstream of SCR) – the heat of the exhaust turns DPF into ammonia gas and water vapor

DEF Injector

DEF Reservoir

Emission System - ComponentsEmission System - Components

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

• Located on passenger side of vehicle, forward of the sweeping head• Inside the SCR, ammonia gas reacts with the catalyst and transforms the nitrogen oxides (Nox) into harmless nitrogen gas• The SCR is last component in system, and the byproduct gases are exhausted out the tailpipe

The Multi-Information Display found on the The Multi-Information Display found on the console gives status level of particulate matter in console gives status level of particulate matter in filter, as well as warning lights indicating system filter, as well as warning lights indicating system requirements (use MID selection button to show requirements (use MID selection button to show this display)this display)

Emission System – Operation & Emission System – Operation & MaintenanceMaintenance

Diesel Particulate Filter - REGENERATION

REGENERATIONREGENERATION is the process used to is the process used to remove particulate matter from the DPF. remove particulate matter from the DPF. This takes approx 20 minutes to complete, This takes approx 20 minutes to complete, during which time exhaust temperatures during which time exhaust temperatures are increased to “burn off” particulate are increased to “burn off” particulate matter from the filtermatter from the filter

REGENERATION REGENERATION can occur automatically can occur automatically during normal operation of truck - but during normal operation of truck - but during stop and go or slow speed during stop and go or slow speed operation of truck (ie. sweeping), operation of truck (ie. sweeping), Regeneration may need to be performed Regeneration may need to be performed manuallymanually

Diesel Particulate Filter - REGENERATION

Depending on truck Depending on truck operation, operation, Regeneration may Regeneration may occur automatically, occur automatically, or may need to be or may need to be performed performed “selectively” by “selectively” by driver.driver.

Listed in the table to Listed in the table to the right, are the the right, are the various messages the various messages the driver may see and driver may see and the appropriate the appropriate action required (this action required (this table can also be table can also be found on the driver’s found on the driver’s sun visor in the cab)sun visor in the cab)

Emission System – Operation & Emission System – Operation & MaintenanceMaintenance

The Multi-Information Display found on the The Multi-Information Display found on the console gives status of level of DEF as well as console gives status of level of DEF as well as warning lights indicating system requirements. warning lights indicating system requirements. The reservoir found on the driver side of vehicle The reservoir found on the driver side of vehicle is equipped with an external sight gage.is equipped with an external sight gage.

Emission System – Operation & Emission System – Operation & MaintenanceMaintenance

DEF & SCR System

DEF consumption is approximately DEF consumption is approximately 1% of fuel used – ie. 1 gallon of DEF 1% of fuel used – ie. 1 gallon of DEF to every 100 gallons of diesel fuel. to every 100 gallons of diesel fuel. Plan to refill the DEF tank once for Plan to refill the DEF tank once for every 20-25 times the fuel tank is every 20-25 times the fuel tank is refilledrefilled

DEF tank stores 7.4 gallons of diesel DEF tank stores 7.4 gallons of diesel exhaust fluid. exhaust fluid.

DEF can be purchase at auto parts DEF can be purchase at auto parts stores or Isuzu dealers, and will cost stores or Isuzu dealers, and will cost approx. $3.00 / gallonapprox. $3.00 / gallon

Emission System – Operation & Emission System – Operation & MaintenanceMaintenance

DEF & SCR System

Do not service vehicle Do not service vehicle with anything other than with anything other than certified DEF fluid – this certified DEF fluid – this will result in engine will result in engine malfunction and require malfunction and require dealer servicing.dealer servicing.

Listed in the table to the Listed in the table to the right are the various right are the various messages the driver may messages the driver may see and the appropriate see and the appropriate action required (this action required (this table can also be found on table can also be found on the driver’s sun visor in the driver’s sun visor in the cab)the cab)

Emission System – WarrantyEmission System – Warranty

Isuzu Warranty Information

Engine emissions are under a 0 - 60 months, 0 - 100,000 miles Engine emissions are under a 0 - 60 months, 0 - 100,000 miles coverage (whichever comes first). This includes parts and labor*coverage (whichever comes first). This includes parts and labor*

Complete and current information regarding your warranty can be Complete and current information regarding your warranty can be found in your truck’s warranty bookletfound in your truck’s warranty booklet

Items not covered under warranty are damage due to accident, Items not covered under warranty are damage due to accident, misuse, alteration, insufficient or improper maintenance, misuse, alteration, insufficient or improper maintenance, contaminated or poor fuel qualitycontaminated or poor fuel quality

Bio-Diesel Fuel above a 5% blend will void the Isuzu warrantyBio-Diesel Fuel above a 5% blend will void the Isuzu warranty

*see warranty booklet for California specifications*see warranty booklet for California specifications

Emission System InformationEmission System Information

Useful Links

Emissions Overviewhttp://www.isuzucv.com/nseries/n_emissions.html

Emissions System Orientation (Video)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Befljdfub4M

DPF Overview (Video)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XcKDTwXheA

Summary of EPA Regulationshttp://www.epa.gov/cleandiesel/documents/420f03022.pdf

www.nitehawksweepewww.nitehawksweepers.comrs.com

800-448-9364800-448-9364