MC LCLI NI U...2 GII THIU V CNG TY IBS......3

CHNG I : TNG QUAN V H THNG BMS5 I.1.Khi nim BMS...5 I.2.ng dng ca BMS5 I.3.Li ch khi s dng BMS..6 I.4.Cu hnh chung ca h thng BMS,cc thit b phn cng tng ng vi cc cp..7 I.5.Gii php xy dng BMS.11 CHNG II : TRUYN THNG TRONG BMS II.1.Cu hnh phn cp ca mng truyn thng trong BMS.. II.2.Cc chun truyn thong trong BMS CHNG III : CC H THNG K THUT TRONG TA NH B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG. III.1.Cc h thng k thut chnh III.2.Cu trc h thng chiu sang s dng cng ngh EIB. KT LUN

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LI NI UThc tp tt nghip c mc ch a n cho sinh vin c hi tm hiu hot ng ca x nghip cng nghip trong thc t ,nh :cc hot ng sn xut, dy chuyn cng ngh, trang thit b, my mc v c bit l vai tr ca ngi k s trong qu trnh sn xut. Ngoi ra sinh vin cn c c hi pht trin thm nhng k nng sng trong thc t cn phi t mnh gii quyt. Tm hiu xu hng pht trin ngy nay,h thng t ng ha ta nh v h thng qun l ta nh, trong nhng nm gn y, cng vi s gia tng v s lng cc ta nh cao tng v khu th mi, tr nn quen thuc khng ch trong lnh vc t ng ha m cn dn tr nn ph bin i vi cuc sng sinh hot hng ngy ca con ngi. V vy,nhn t thc tp tt nghip,em c dp thc tp ti cng ty IBS vi vic thi cng BMS ti cng trnh to nh b ti nguyn v mi trng thc s em n cho em thm nhiu kin thc v tri nghim trong thc t. Qua y em cng xin gi li cm n chn thnh ti Thy gio TS. Dng Minh c, vi kin thc, nhit huyt v s tn tuy ca mnh, cng s nhit tnh ca ton th cc anh cn b v cng nhn vin cng ty IBS gip em hon thnh t thc tp tt nghip. Sau y l bo co qu trnh thc tp ti cng ty IBS. Trong bo co cn c nhiu thiu st knh mong cc thy ch bo. Em xin chn thnh cm n.

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GII THIU CNG TY IBSCng ty c phn Gii Php Ta Nh Thng Minh - Intelligent Building Solution joint stock company (IBS., Jsc) l n v cung cp gii php v thit b h thng qun l ta nh thng minh ( iBMS ), Nh thng minh ( Smarthome ) hng u ti Vit Nam. Cng ty hin l i tc chin lc ca cc hng thit b iu khin cng nghip danh ting trn th gii nh: HONEYWELL, ALSTOM, REGIN, TAC, ABB, HAGER, ALTENBUGER .v.v. IBS c iu hnh bi i ng lnh o nhiu nm kinh nghim cng i ng k thut chuyn mn, dy dn kinh nghim vi cc cng trnh tm c quc gia vi cht lng c kim chng nh: Trung tm hi ngh quc gia, Ta nh tng cng ty du kh Vit Nam, Ta nh tng cng ty vin thng Vit Nam,ta nh Grand Plaza .v.v. Trong c ta nh b ti nguyn v mi trng l ta nh nhm em c phn cng thc tp. u nm 2008 cng ty c phn Gii Php Ta Nh Thng Minh chnh thc p dng qui trnh qun l cht lng ISO 9000 2001 vi cam kt m bo cht lng ca tng sn phm c phn phi bi cng ty c phn gii php ta nh thng minh. SN PHM CUNG CP o o o o o o o

Gii php H thng qun l ta nh (IBMS) H thng in nh (ELV) Nh thng minh Cng nghip Dch v Bo tr, bo dng & nng cp Cung cp vt t ph tng thay th Lm sch cng nghip

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VN PHNG TI VIT NAM

Vn phng H Ni: Tng 25 Thp B- 173 Xun Thy, Cu Giy, H Ni in thoi : 04 39 723 435 Email : info@ibs.com.vn Vn phng H Ch Minh : Lu 3, 293 in Bin Ph, P.15, Q.Bnh Thnh, HCM. in thoi : 08.222 88 218 Fax : 08.222 88 216 Fax : 04 39 723 433

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CHNG I: TNG QUAN V H THNG BMSI.1.Khi nim BMSNgy nay, vic th ha mnh m dn n vic xy dng cc to nh cao tng lm cng s, trung tm thng mi, khch sn,nh ngy cng tr nn ph bin. Trong cc cng trnh s ny s dng nhiu h thng k thut trong ta nh, nh: h thng chiu sng, h thng thng gi, h thng in nng, h thng phng chy v cha chy Chng ngy cng tr nn hin i, tin nghi phc v cc yu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi. p ng vn ,cn thit phi c gii php qun l,phi hp vn hnh cc h thng mt cch hp l,ng b nh l mt h thng thng nht, m bo tin cy, an ton, tin nghi, tnh kinh t trong khai thc vn hnh ta nh v tnh hin i ca ta nh. Cc h thng qun l to nh (Building Managerment System - BMS) ra i gii quyt bi ton ny, da trn c s cng ngh t ng ha pht trin v tch hp tng th. H thng BMS ra i tr gip cho vic qun l cc ta nh. Tuy vn ban u u t cho thit b v cc phn mm qun l l khng nh, nhng so vi chi ph khai thc lu di th rt hiu qu v kinh t. BMS l vit tt ca Building Management System, ngha l h thng qun l ta nh, l mt h thng tch hp iu khin v gim st cc h thng k thut trong ta nh nhm phi hp vn hnh cc h thng ny mt cch thng nht v linh hot, gip cho vic qun l cc ta nh mt cch hiu qu v kinh t.

I.2.ng dng ca BMSH thng BMS c xy dng da trn nn tng ca h iu khin phn tn ( DCS Distributed Control System). H thng BMS c chc nng tch hp phn tch v x l d liu nhn c t cc h thng lin quan t a ra phng hng x l v vn hnh cho ta nh sao cho t c mc ti u nht. Trong ta nh c nhiu h thng k thut khc nhau, s dng cng ngh khc nhau v mc t ng ha khc nhau. BMS s tch hp cc h thng trn thnh mt th thng nht thng qua mng truyn thng, cc giao thc truyn thng quc t nh l BACnet, MODbus, LONworks, OPC... Qua cc h thng c th trao i thng tin vi nhau v BMS dng cc thng tin ny ti u ha hot ng ca cc h thng k thut ta nh.

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H thng BMS s iu khin v gim st cc h thngnh vo h thng cc b DDC (Direct Digital Controller) v phn mm qun l iu khin. H thng BMS s nhn bit tnh trng hot ng v iu khin cc h thng khc theo s ci t ca ngi s dng. phn mm iu khin ng vai tr giao din ngi - my gia my tnh vn hnh v cc b iu khin k thut s (DDC - Direct Digital Control). H thng hot ng n nh bi cc chng trnh trong cc b iu khin s DDC, k c trong trng hp mt truyn thng hay cc my ch b li. C th, mc tiu ca mt h BMS l: Cung cp chc nng gim st v vn hnh thi gian thc i vi cc thit b k thut trong h thng. Cho php s quan st ton din v iu khin n gin thng qua giao din ngi dng thn thin. Qun l tt c cc im d liu. Cung cp kh nng lu tr v hin th li d liu trong qu kh trong trng hp ngi dng c yu cu. Trao i d liu vi cc h thng kt ni ti BMS My trm ca h thng BMS c th t ti phng iu khin trung tm hoc ti hin trng, c kt ni ti h thng qua mang LAN. C kh nng kt ni ti nhiu my trm trong cng mt thi im. Cung cp kh nng truy cp vo h thng t Internet Explorer bng user name v mt khu. Tt c cc hot ng truy cp u s c ghi chp li, v t ng truy xut khi h thng sau mt thi gian di khng hot ng.

I.3.Li ch khi s dng BMSTa nh hin i c trang b nhiu h thng dch v t tin nhm p ng nh cu ngy cng cao ca ngi s dng, phi p ng c cc yu cu:

m bo cht lng Hot ng tin cy Hiu sut

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Ko di tui th

Vic ng dng gii php qun l tch hp cc h thng dch v trong ta nh c th p ng cc yu cu ny bi cc li ch chnh sau: 1/ n gin ha vn hnh : cc th tc ,cc chc nng c tnh lp i lp li c chng trnh ha vn hnh t ng. 2/ Gim thi gian o to cho nhn vin vn hnh : Do c cc ch dn trc tip trn mn hnh cng nh giao din trc quan ca ta nh. 3/ Phn ng nhanh i vi cc i hi ca khch hng v s c. 4/ Gim chi ph nng lng : qun l tp trung vic iu khin v qun l nng lng 5/ Qun l tt hn vi cc thit b trong nh : nh bo v h thng gi liu lu tr, chng trnh bo tr bo dng v h thng t ng bo co cc cnh bo. 6/ Linh hot trong vic lp trnh theo nhu cu,kch thc, t chc v cc yu cu m rng. 7/ Ci tin h thng vn hnh: bng vic tch hp h thng phn mm v phn cng ca nhiu h thng con khc nhau nh :bo chy,an ton,iu khin truy cp hay iu khin chiu sng. u im ln nht ca h thng qun l ta nh l cung cp cho ngi s dng mt mi trng thoi mi, an ton v thun tin. Ngoi ra, ngi s dng cng nh ch s hu ta nh c th qun l ta nh thng qua cc d liu lch s, cc chng trnh bo tr, bo dng, h thng cnh bo t gim xc sut li xy ra trn h thng. Vi vng i khong 40 nm, chi ph u t ban u ca mt ta nh hin i s tr nn rt nh b so vi tng chi ph vn hnh ta nh :Chi ph vn hnh chim khong 75% tng chi ph, trong khi chi ph u t cho thit k v xy dng c bn ch chim 11%.

I.4.Cu hnh chung ca h thng BMS ,cc thit b phn cng tng ng vi cc cpV bn cht v cu hnh mng, BMS ging nh mt h thng iu khin phn tn thu nh, n ch khc h thng iu khin phn tn trong cng nghip ch l n khng yu cu tnh thi gian thc cao nn cc b iu khin trng ca n thng c cu hnh thp hn v phn mm qun l, gim st, iu khin th c nhiu tnh nng gn vi cc tin ch trong dn dng, thng mi hn. Phn mm iu khin v gim st y ng vai tr l giao din gia

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ngi v my tnh iu khin. Di cc my tnh iu khin l cc b iu khin s trc tip DDC (Direct Digital Controler) iu khin cc h thng con v mng con. Cu hnh phn cp h thng gm 3 cp: Cp iu hnh v gim st Cp iu khin Cp trng

Cu hnh phn cp ca h thng qun l ta nh BMS 1.4.1.Cp iu hnh v gim st: Thc hin thu nhn v x l thng tin t cc h thng v vn hnh iu khin cc h thng thng qua giao din ha. Cc trm vn hnh v gim st ch yu giao tip vi cc nhn vin vn hnh. Cc trm vn hnh cp ny ch yu l cc my tnh PC. Cc thit b chnh cp iu hnh gim st bao gm: My ch chnh. My ch d phng. My trm vn hnh.

My ch chnh:

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Trn my ch chnh ci t phn mm h thng qun l ton nh BMS v cc phn mm ng dng khc. My ch c nhim v thu thp d liu t cc b iu khin (DDC) v chia s d liu vi cc my trm. My ch d phng nng: My ch v my d phng phi c cu hnh tng t nhau. Ti bt c thi im no, mt my tnh s hot ng ch yu, my kia l d phng nng, khi my ch gp s c th ngay lp tc my ch d phng nng c kch hot v m nhn nhim v ca mt my ch chnh. My trm vn hnh: Vi cc giao din ha, ngi vn hnh c th gim st v iu khin cc thit b ca ta nh trc tip t phng iu khin trung tm. Mt trm vn hnh thng bao gm cc gi phn mm ng dng sau:An ton h thng,Xm nhp h thng,nh dng d liu,Ty bin cc chng trnh,Giao din,Lp bo co,Qun l vic bo tr bo dng,Tch hp h thngQun l nng lng v ti nguyn. Ti cp ny, vn hnh vin c th yu cu d liu v ra lnh ti cc im t bt k u trong h thng. Vn hnh hot ng thng nht l chc nng thng thng ca b x l cp hot ng. Tuy nhin, iu khin ton b c th c chuyn sang cho b x l cp qun l trong nhng trng hp khn cp. B x l cp qun l thu thp, lu tr, x l d liu lch s, nh: mc tiu th in nng, chi ph vn hnh v hot ng cnh bo, cc bo co lm c s hoch nh qun l v vn hnh lu di. 1.4.2.Cp iu khin: Cp ny gm ch yu l cc b iu khin s trc tip DDC v cc b iu khin v gim st mng NC (Network Controller). o B NC y kh nng lp trnh cho ngi s dng. B iu khin ny s gim st ton b cc b iu khin ni n n (cc DDC) v chia s cc d liu gia cc DDC. N giao tip vi cc NC khc v trm vn hnh da trn nn tng mng ngang hng peer to peer vi tc truyn d liu ti thiu10Mbps.

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o Mi DDC-NC s h tr mt hoc nhiu hn cc mng con, mi mng con s qun l ti thiu 100 b iu khin. Mi b iu khin mng c kh nng ni kt vi nhng thit b ca nhng nh sn xut khc thng qua cng h thng dng m. o Mi DDC-NC c th c mt trang Web da trn giao din ngi dng, tt c cc my tnh kt ni t nhin vi mng t ng ha u c kh nng truy cp trang Web da trn giao din ngi dng, cho php dng nhng thit b di ng m khng lm gin on nhng hot ng thng thng. o Phn x l ca b iu khin s hot ng thng qua b vi x l (CPU) v tc qut chng trnh cao nht t mt ln l mt giy. B vi x l ny s thc hin c nhiu nhim v, nhiu ngi s dng cng lc v l b vi x l hot ng theo thi gian thc. u khi c

DDC l mt b iu khin, trong tch hp chc nng h iu khin t ng v chc nng gim st t xa s dng b vi x l x l d liu.

B iu khin DDC c dng iu khin cc thit b nh cc h cung cp kh, h iu ha trung tm v h thng lm mt, iu khin nh sng. B iu khin DDC giao tip trc tip vi cc thit b c iu khin thng qua thit b chp hnh v cm bin, hoc giao tip gin tip thng qua cc bus lin lc vi b iu khin cp vng. B iu khin DDC c mt cng kt ni vi cc thit b u cui lp trnh v vn hnh cm tay trong sut qu trnh ci t ban u v cc cc ln iu chnh sau ny. B iu khin DDC c kh nng hot ng c lp theo chng trnh c lp trnh trong trng hp b mt lin lc vi cp iu khin. 1.4.3. Cp trng. Cc thit b chnh ca cp trng gm: B iu khin thit b cp trng (Terminal Equiment Controller) ring cho mi h thng c kh nh AHU (air handling unit), VAV. Van iu khin iu khin lu lng gi, nc. Van i k m vi b truyn ng. B ng ct ng c: ng c cho cc van c iu khin nhp nhng nh c giao tip vi cc b iu khin s.

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H thng cm bin: cm bin chnh p, cm bin nhit (gi, trong phng, ngoi tri), cm bin bo chy, cm bin m.

Cc r le ng ct, cc b chuyn i o m in nng. Cc thit b chp hnh (Actuator).

Cc thit b trng ny kt ni vi cc b DDC bng cc tn hiu dng DI, DO, AI, AO. Cp kt ni. Tt c cc cp ni kt t cm bin, van iu khin (ng vo/ra dng tng t) n t DDC l loi cp i dng xon c lp chng nhiu Tt c cc dy kt ni t cc thit b u vo/ra nh phn v cc r le n t DDC l loi cp ng c kch c ti thiu l 1.5 mm2. Mng dn cp in v mng dn cp tn hiu i ring ng lun cp cho cc dy tn hiu v iu khin l loi UPVC hoc ng st chng chy c ng knh D20 mm, khong cch gia kp gi ng L=12m i vi cc ng i ni, khong cch gia hai hp ni ng lun cp l 12m.

I.5. Gii php xy dng BMSTrong cc ta nh hin i c nhiu h thng k thut khc nhau, mi h thng k thut li dng cc thit b iu khin v tch hp khc nhau, khng mt hng no c th m bo thit k v cung cp ton b cc thit b cho h thng. Do yu cu tin quyt ca mt h thng BMS ca ta nh l phi tch hp c nhiu thit b khc nhau; ng thi, p ng c cc tiu ch nh : Phi c tnh n nh cao : c kh nng tng thch v hot ng lu di vi ta nh. Phi linh hot : c kh nng tch hp, qun l nhiu thit b m bo d dng thay th, sa cha cc thit b khi s c m khng lm nh hng n s vn hnh n nh ca h thng. Phi thn thin, d s dng v vn hnh. Gi thnh phi hp l.

Nhm p ng cc yu cu v tiu chun k trn, hng Honeywell a ra kin trc m Excel 5000 (Excel 5000 Open System) l mt kin trc ton din s dng cc b iu khin

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DDC ca h Excel 5000 cng nh h tr cc b iu khin DDC ca cc hng khc nhau. Hu ht cc b iu khin Excel 5000 u s dng giao thc truyn thng m LonMark mt giao thc chun, ph bin trong iu khin ta nh. Ton b h thng Excel 5000 s dng trn cng mt mng, s dng cng giao thc truyn thng v chia s trn cng mt kin trc vt l thng thng, h thng ny d dng thch nghi vi cc thit b ca cc hng khc. Giao din Web h thng c th kt ni vi mng Internet ton cu v vi quyn truy nhp cho php ta c th qun l ta nh t xa, cng nh kt hp vi cc ta nh khc. Chnh v th Excel 5000 l mt gii php v cng linh hot, p ng mi nhu cu trong vic iu khin v qun l ta nh,d dng s dng v m rng,ty chnh cho cc ng dng hin ti cng nh pht trin trong tng lai. 1.5.1. Phn cng cp qun l ta nh Phn cng ca cp ny bao gm cc my ch v cc trm vn hnh thc cht l cc my vi tnh thng thng c cu hnh m bo yu cu (tc chip vi x l, RAM, ROM), thit b ngoi vi, dung lng cng (dung lng ca trm trung tm thng ln hn trm vn hnh), c b phn sao lu d phng, card ha, b chuyn i giao thc, my in Cc my tnh ch v mt s my vn hnh thng c t phng iu khin trung tm. Mi trm vn hnh kt ni mng LAN vi nhau v vi my ch s c kh nng xem xt, kim tra hin th ty chnh t my ch. Ti cp ny ngi vn hnh c th xem v p ng cc cnh bo, iu hnh cng c lp lch, cu hnh phn cng v phn mm, xem hin th ty chn, iu khin, qun l cc thit b ta nh 1.5.2. Phn mm cp qun l ta nh

a. Phn m m qu l

ao d n EBI:

EBI l phn mm qun l ta nh, n l mt mn hnh Window c kh nng ng dng web, n cho php iu khin mi th t h thng HVAC, nng lng, an ton v h thng an ninh cho n cc bn ghi c nhn, ti chnh, iu khin mi trng, cung cp c s d liu EBI cho php ngi vn hnh thc hin cc tc nhim chnh sau:

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Hin th v iu khin cc thit b trng Nhn bit cc cnh bo theo mc u tin Hin th thng tin trng thi, thng tin lch s ca cc im thng tin nh ngha v sa i cc chng trnh nh thi Hin th, sao lu v truy lc cc s kin ng nhp Gim st cc knh truyn thng d liu Cu hnh cc thng s h thng Chn v iu khin camera CCTV Xy dng cc im thng tin To cc giao din ha mu Ghi v hin th cc video s Hin th v truy vt cc ti sn ngi di chuyn. EBI c tch hp y vi Microsoft Windows, chun mng cng nghip v lm vic da trn BACnet, LONmark. Giao thc TCP/IP chun bao gm LAN, WAN, ni tip, truy nhp in thoi. EBI c xy dng da trn cu trc khch/ch (client/server). Mt c s d liu thi gian thc c duy tr bi cc my ch. iu ny cung cp thng tin thi gian thc cho vng hoc my khch (clients) mng c s (LAN,WAN) nh l cc trm, hoc cc ng dng khc nh c s d liu lin quan. V bi l module trong thit k, EBI l mt gii php rng v rt hiu qu. b. c l ARE

CARE (Computer Aided Regulation Engineering) l mt cng c lp trnh ha c thit k lp trnh cho cc b iu khin s trc tip DDC ca Honeywell, tng t nh cc phn mm lp trnh cho PLC ca Siemens. CARE l mt phn mm ng dng chy trn nn Windows (thng l trn cc my PC ca trm vn hnh), chng trnh sau khi c lp trnh trn CARE s c m ha v xung cc b DDC tng t nh vi cc PLC. CARE c mi trng ha thn thin, d s dng c thit k h tr mnh nht cho cc chng trnh m phng chy trn cc b iu khin ca h thng Excel 5000. Ngi s dng c th thc hin cc chc nng iu khin mong mun cho cc b DDC m khng cn

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mt kin thc rng v ngn ng lp trnh. Ngi dng c th chn la mt cch r rng v trc quan cc thnh phn ha ca h thng iu khin nh chiu sng, gia nhit, thng gi, iu ha v to cc chui iu khin trong mi trng Windows. CARE h tr cc thit b v b iu khin nh sau : Cc b DDC : Excel 10/50/80/100/500/600/800. B iu khin Excel Smart. B iu khin Excel Web. Cc m un vo ra thng minh v vo ra phn tn. B iu khin kt ni Excel. Cc thit b theo chun LON/BACnet ca hng khc

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CHNG II: TRUYN THNG TRONG BMSII.1. Cu hnh phn cp ca mng truyn thng trong BMSMt h thng BMS c 3 lp mng tng ng vi 3 cp trong h thng: Lp mng mc trng (FLN - Field level Network) Lp mng mc t ng (ALN - Automation Level Network) Lp mng mc qun l (MLN - Management Level Network)

a) Lp m ng mc qu l Mng ny kt ni cc thit b cp qun l, mng thng dng l mng Ethenet, LAN s dng giao thc TCP/IP, s dng chun ny khng nhng to c tc truyn cao m cn p ng c nhu cu v khong cch truyn m khng cn b lp, hon ton p ng c yu cu thi gian thc ca h thng BMS. Tc truyn trn mng t 100Mbps Ngoi ra cng c th s dng mng BAC Net/IP hoc LON Talk/IP b) Lp m ng mc t ng

y l lp mng s cp (Primary Network) dng kt ni cc b iu khin DDC s cp (Primary Control Unit) vi nhau, thng s dng mng Ethernet IP hoc BAC Net/IP hoc P2P... s dng ng truyn RS485 v giao thc ngang hng peer to peer.Lp mng ny c th c thm cc b Gateway kt ni vi cc h thng ph khc ... Cc h thng ph thng s dng giao thc BACnet hoc LONwork. Lp mng ny c th ni chung vi mng mc qun l MLN to thnh mng chnh ta nh, khi cc b DDC c ni vi nhau v ni vi vi my tnh iu khin ca h thng BMS. c).Lp m ng mc ng FLN (Field level Network) y l mng th cp (Secondary Network) dng kt ni tt c cc b iu khin ng dng (secondary control unit), cc thit b o lng c kh nng ni mng. Mng ny s thng s dng cc giao thc nh BACnet MS/TP, LONworks dng ng truyn RS485 dng ch/khch, cc b DDC ng vai tr l ch iu khin cc b iu khin th cp.

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II.2. Cc chun truyn thng trong BMSII.2.1. Gii thiu mt s chun truyn thng a) c c n RS232/422/485 Cc chun ny l cc chun truyn thng ni tip (truyn tng bit d liu trn 1 ng dy) quy nh v cc thng s vt l nh in p, tc truyn, giao din u cm, chc nng cc chn giao tip... c th thc hin truyn thng gia cc thit b vi nhau. B 3.1. c RS422 ca c c c n RS RS485

RS232 Kiu truyn

in p dy tn in p sai lch in p sai lch gia hai dy hiu so vi t gia hai dy tn tn hiu hiu

S lng nt iu 1 khin S nhn Ch lm vic Bn song cng Song cng lng im 1

1

32

10

32

Bn song cng (2 Bn song cng (2 dy), song dy), song cng (4 cng (4 dy) dy)

Khong

cch 15m

1200m

1200m

truyn ln nht Tc ln nht 20 Kbps ti 12m v 1200m (1 Kbps) Mc nhy u vo 3V b nhn Di u vo b 15V nhn in p u ra ti 25V a b pht 6V -7 12V 10V -7 12V 10Mbps (100Kbps) 200mV 35Mbps (100 Kbps) 200mV

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in p cc tiu 5V u ra b pht b) E e e

2V

1.5V

Ethernet l phng php truy cp mng my tnh cc b LAN (Local Area Network) c s dng ph bin nht.. V cn bn, Ethernet l mt mi trng mng LAN c mi trng truyn thng c chia s (shared media LAN). Tt c cc trm trn mng (network station) chia nhau tng bng thng ca mng (LAN bandwidth). Bng thng ny c th l 10Mbps (megibit per second = megabit/giy), 100Mbps hoc 1000Mbps. Mng Ethernet c th s dng cp ng trc (coaxial cable), cp xon i (twisted-pair cable), cp quang (Optical Fiber) hoc v tuyn (wireless). Mng Ethernet s dng c cu trc tuyn tnh (bus) v hnh sao (star). Nguyn l hot ng ca mng Ethernet: tt c cc trm trn mng LAN u c quyn truy cp mng (gi, nhn, thm d thng tin). Cc thit b c kt ni, truy cp vo mng s dng giao thc Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD),l giao thc a truy cp nhn bit sng mang v c pht hin xung t, tc l tt c cc trm ca mng c ni vo mt bus chung (a truy cp) mt cch ngu nhin v do vy rt c th dn n xung t, khi pht hin ra s "va chm" ca nhiu gi thng tin khc nhau trn mng th ton b cc gi thng tin s b "loi b" (drop) truyn li v gim xc sut xung t ln hai xy ra khi c gng truyn li. iu ny ngc li vi nguyn l truy cp da vo th bi ca mng Token Ring LAN: khi trm no nm gi c "th bi u tin" (Token) th trm mi c quyn truyn, sau khi truyn xong th n li th "th bi" lu hnh trn mng "trao lt" truyn cho ngi s hu th bi tip theo. Ethernet c tc cao nhng yu cu phn cng v phn mm kh phc tp, t hn nhiu so vi cc chun khc. Ngoi mt s chun truyn thng nu trn th cn c rt nhiu chun khc cng ang c ng dng rt nhiu nh: USB (Universial Serial Bus) l mt chun truyn d liu cho bus ngoi vi c Intel v Microsoft pht trin, chun my in Cenntronics (IEEE-1284) mi my tnh u c chun ny, MBP l chun p ng yu cu nhim ngt v an ton chy n v ngun cung cp cho cc thit b trng (Manchester Code, Bus Power)

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II.2.2. Cc chun truyn thng thng dng trong BMS a) BACnet BACnet (Building Automation and Control networks): giao thc truyn thng cho mng iu khin v t ng ha ta nh.BACnet da vo m hnh khch/ch (client/server), mi bn tin BACnet c gi l mt yu cu dch v. M hnh khch/ch l my khch gi i mt yu cu dch v cho my ch, my ch sau thc hin dch v v bo co kt qu cho my khch. b) Point - to - Point Truyn thng gia duy nht hai im vi nhau v khng c nh dng d liu hay gi tin. My khch phi ph trch ton b vic nh dng d liu truyn gia chng. Vic kt ni thng c thc hin thng qua giao din RS-232 hoc mt s giao din khc tng t. Cc my tnh gn nhau c th ni trc tip bng dy mng gia cc card mng ca chng. Khi kt ni vi khong cch xa, cn c modem chuyn i tn hiu cho vic truyn i xa. c) Modbus Modbus l mt giao thc bn tin thuc lp ng dngcung cp truyn thng gia cc thit b c kt ni vi nhau theo kiu bus hoc network (mng). Modbus c th c thc hin trn cc thit b vt l khc nhau nh RS322, RS485 v Ethernet. d) BACnet/IP BACnet/IP s dng UDP/IP chun gi v nhn cc bn tin. Cc gi tin tng t nhau c gi gn trong gi UDP/IP v c gi l BACnet IP. Cc thit b s dng a ch IP ging nh cc thit b mng UDP/IP khc. Cc thit b ch n gin truyn d liu cho thit b nhn v Ethernet s lo cc vn khc nhu xung t hay gi li d) MS/TP MS/TP l vit tt ca Master Slave/Token Passing. Trong mt kt ni, cc thit b oc xem nh l master khi n c token. Nu n khng c nhu cu s dng token tc th, n c yu cu chuyn token ti thit b tip theo.Tt c cc thit b hin thi khng c token c xem l slave, v s nghe bt c bn tin no master hin thi gi. e) LonTalk Giao thc Lontalk l cng ngh ct li trong LonWorks. N thc thi ton b chc nng ca chun giao thc OSI 7 lp.

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CHNG III: CC H THNG K THUT TRONG TON NH B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG

H thng BMS cn phi c kh nng tch hp hon ton ti cc h thng khc ( cc h thng khc p ng y cc yu cu tch hp ca h thng BMS ). Khi , mi hot ng ca h thng con s c thc hin hon ton trn h thng my ch BMS. i vi to nh B Ti Nguyn v Mi Trng, h thng BMS c nhim v kt ni n cc phn h k thut di y: + H thng in ngun + H thng iu khin chiu sng EIB. + H thng iu ho VRV. + H thng thng gi. + H thng bo chy v cha chy. + H thng nc sinh hot, nc thi. + H thng truyn thanh ni b PA. + H thng thang my. + H thng An ninh. Cc h thng k thut ny s dng cng ngh khc nhau v mc t ng ha khc nhau. BMS s tch hp cc h thng trn thnh mt th thng nht thng qua mng truyn thng, cc giao thc truyn thng quc t nh l BACnet, MODbus, LONworks, OPC.... Qua cc h thng c th trao i thng tin vi nhau v BMS dng cc thng tin ny ti u ha hot ng ca cc h thng k thut ta nh. thc hin vic tch hp h thng, cc nh thu cung cp thit b ca iu ho thng gi, h thng thang my v h thng an ninh phi tun th cc yu cu v cung cp phn cng, giao thc kt ni, n h thng BMS. Trn c s cc h thng ny m chng ta nh gi cht lng ca cc ta nh t tiu chun hay khng t tiu chun ca h thng BMS. Sau y l mt s h thng chnh, trong , trong phm vi bo co ny, em tp trung vo h thng chiu sng(h thng ny cng do cng ty IBS thc hin)

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III.1. Cc h thng k thut chnhIII.1.1. H thng iu ha thng gi a) H th a VRV (Variable Refrigerant Volume)

Server BMS BAC Net/IP SWitch

VRV Server

H

1.5. H th

a

VRV dng giao thc BACnet/IP

H thng BMS theo di h thng VRV thng qua m un tch hp vi cc chun truyn thng BACnet, OPC... Cc thng s c hin th trn mn hnh ha my tnh gip ngui vn hnh d dng quan st trng thi hot ng, ch vn hnh, nhn din cc li trong h thng v qua ngui vn hnh c th gii quyt cc li k thut mt cch nhanh chng, nng cao hiu sut cho my hot ng. H thng qun l ta nh BMS tch hp vi h thng qun l ta nh BMS qua giao din mc cao. H thng iu ha khng kh c chc nng lp cc ma trn im tn hiu cng cp cho h thng qun l ta nh BMS v thc hin kt ni cho cc chc nng sau y: - Gim st trng thi Bt/Tt ca cc thit b iu ho. - Gim st trng thi cc b lm mt, gia nhit, thng gi (Cooling, Heating, Ventila-tion) - Gim st v hin th gi tr nhit thc trong phng (Indoor). - Gim st trng thi my nn kh, qut kh. - Gim st tng cng sut in (S lng cc khi Indoor hot ng) b) H th

H thng thng gi bao gm: Cc qut cp kh ti, qut ht kh thi v qut tng p cu thang, qut ht khi. H thng qun l ta nh BMS c tch hp vi cc qut cp kh tui, qut ht kh thi v qut tng p cu thang thng qua b DDC iu chnh vn tc qut, trng thi hot ng

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ca tng qut trong iu kin hot ng bnh thung v trong iu kin tnh trng khn cp c thot him hoc cha chy. H thng thng gi kt ni vi h thng qun l ta nh BMS theo giao din mc thp:

Server BMS

SWitch BAC Net/IP DDC Panel

Output

Ventilation system

H

1.6. H th

dng giao thc BACnet/IP

III.1.2. H thng bo chy, cha chy tch hp mc cao vi H thng bo chy, BMS phi c giao din vi chun truyn thng BACnet TCP/IP tc 10/100 Mbps v t bo chy trung tm ca h thng bo chy cng phi c cng giao din truyn thng vi chun BACnet TCP/IP.

InputCentre Fire detector Box

Server BMS BAC Net/IP SWitch

H

1.7. H th

b oc

y c a c y dng giao thc BACnet/IP

H thng bo chy s dng cc cm bin pht hin chy v khi, gi tn hiu v phng vn hnh gim st tnh trng ca ta nh. ng thi BMS gim st gi bo co v tnh trng h thng cp in cho bm cha chy, trng thi cc bm, mc nc b cha phc v cha chy, p sut nc trong h thng cha chy.

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Khi c tn hiu bo chy v h thng BMS s thc hin cc thao tc sau : Lin ng c lp v in, ct in khu vc b chy. Tt cc qut thng gi v h thng iu ha, ng cc van ng gi khu vc xy ra ha hon. Gim st thng s p sut trong cu thang, a cnh bo thot him nu cn thit. III.1.3. H thng an ninh th truy nhp Card Access v camera quan st CCTV a, H th ng CCTV H thng camera quan st, camera gim st, hay cn gi l CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) theo di tnh trng hot ng, kt ni qua cng giao tip khi h thng CCTV c h tr cc chun giao thc BACnet TCP/IP, LON. BMS c th xem hnh nh trc tip cc v tr Camerra trn mt bng tng khi di chyn n v tr . H thng sau khi tch hp ti mn hnh BMS cho php theo di tnh trng hot ng ca cc ca vo ra, bo li trn mn hnh gip ngui vn hnh nhn bit v khc phc nhanh chng. BMS cho php iu khin m ca khi cn thit, kt hp vi h thng CCTV s c ghi hnh ti v tr ca c bo ng. BMS s lu ton b cc d liu, thi gian ngui vo ra, s th hp l hay khng hp l, cho php truy xut d liu nhanh chng khi cn thit. b, H th ng th truy nhp H thng th truy nhp (Card Access) l h thng kim tra vo/ra bng cch gn cc thit b kim tra th t ti cc cng ra vo ca ta nh. H thng th truy nhp v camera quan st c kt hp thnh h thng anh ninh, h thng sau khi tch hp c hin th ti mn hnh BMS cho php theo di tnh trng hot ng ca cc ca vo ra, bo li trn mn hnh gip ngui vn hnh nhn bit v khc phc nhanh chng. BMS cho php iu khin m ca khi cn thit, kt hp vi h thng CCTV s c ghi hnh ti v tr ca c bo ng. BMS s lu ton b cc d liu, thi gian ngui vo ra, s th hp l hay khng hp l, cho php truy xut d liu nhanh chng khi cn thit. Khi kt ni ti H thng ny cc thng tin v H thng an ninh s c qun l bi cc my ch. Cc thng tin ca H thng an ninh c xem trn mn hnh ho ca my ch BMS. H thng thc hin c vic tc ng ti cc u ra ca H thng an ninh, thc hin

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chc nng iu khin ti tt c cc ca phc v vic thot him trong trung hp khn cp khi c lp trnh trn my tnh ca H thng BMS. III.1.4. H thng qun l thang my: H thng thang my vi BMS theo phng php kt ni qua giao din im n im. H thng thang my cn c a ti u ra ca chng cc thng tin p ng kt ni ti H thng BMS, qu trnh kt ni s c c th ho v phn cng cng nh phn mm i vi Nh thu thang my c th hin th, gim st ch vn hnh theo yu cu k thut.

III.2. Cu trc h thng chiu sng s dng cng ngh EIB:a) EIB:

H thng in thng:Sensor pht hin chuyn ng TeleCng tc Hn gi

Ngun 230Vac

iu khin trung tm

H thng EIB:

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Trungtm inthoi Sensor pht hin chuyn ng

Bus EIB,24VdcLocal Control

Power Supply 230VC

16A Chp hnh

Trong h thng in thng thng, mi chc nng cn c mt cp ring v mi h thng iu khin c mt mng ring. Tuy vy vi mng EIB tt c chc nng v cc qu trnh u c th iu khin, gim st c s dng chung mt cp n. iu ny c ngha l h thng cp in c th ni trc tip n cc thit b tiu th m khng phi i ng vng. u im ca h thng EBI l lp t cc thit b trong to nh kh n gin nhng cng rt d dng khi m rng cng nh thay i. Nu mc ch s dng hay cu trc trong to nh c thay i , h thng mng EIB cng d dng sa li cho ph hp bng cch thay i cc thng s ca cc thit b m khng cn phi i thm dy. Li th ln na l trn mng EIB c th lp ln hoc b sung rt nhiu thit b ca cc nh sn xut thnh vin ca Hip hi EIB. iu to li ch cao nht cho ngi s dng. Cc thng s ny c th t li bng cch ni my tnh vi h thng mng EIB v s dng phn mm ETS (EIB Tool Software) cu hnh v a thit b vo hot ng. Phn mm ETS c pht trin chung cho tt c cc nh sn xut ca hip hi EIB Vi giao din trn h thng mng EIB c th ni vi trung tm iu khin ca h thng qun l v t ng ho ca to nh (BMS, BAC) hay vi h thng in thoi cng cng. iu ny gip gim bt chi ph khi s dng mng EIB trong cc to nh, bit th, cc cao c a chc nng, to nh thng mi, vn phng b) H th ng chi in nng dng cho iu khin chiu sng trong mt to nh chim mt t trng kh ln so vi in nng tiu th tng. Vic qun l tt vn chiu sng khng ch em li mi

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trng lm vic nh sng m cn nng cao hiu qu u t do vic tit kim in v chi ph vn hnh H thng in chiu sng trong ta nh thc hin cc chc nng sau: Lp ha ton b cc tuyn chiu sng cc khu vc hnh lang ca ta nh, khu vc nh v sinh, tng hm, khu vc nh n, sn khu ngoi nh nhm theo di c trng thi chiu sng t phng iu khin trung tm cng nh iu khin t xa ti phng iu khin trung tm. iu khin trn mn hnh ha, ngui vn hnh c th thc hin bt/ tt trn cc giao din mt bng tng ng vi tuyn n cn bt tt. Trng thi n bt/ tt c hin th trn mn hnh ha. iu khin ng, ct n tng cm chiu sng (theo s phn b mt bng s dng) theo cc tnh hung: lp trnh theo thi gian, ch khn cp, ch sa cha v mt s ch chiu sng c lp trnh sn (ngy L, ngy ngh) Cc thao tc ng ct chiu sng c thc hin c 2 ch : ch ti ch (theo yu cu ngi dng) v ch t xa (theo yu cu qun l vn hnh ta nh). H thng chiu sng gm rt nhiu t in v t iu khin chiu sng cp cho cc hng lang, snh, thang my, khu vc WC, nt nhn iu khin c thit k lp t ti tt c cc tng, t tng hm n tng k thut mi. Mi t iu khin chiu sng c th kt ni cc r le v cc nt nhn iu khin phi lp trnh c thng qua mng giao thc BACnet, Lonwork, Modbus. Mi r le iu khin v cc nt nhn c lp trnh iu khin cho mt l n hoc nhiu nhm n c th. H thng chiu sng s dng cng ngh iu khin chiu sng EIB, c tch hp bc cao vi BMS server theo chun giao thc OPC (Ole for Proress Control). Cc thit b EIB c lin kt vi nhau thng qua mt dy cp i duy nht vi in p 24V DC ( cp EIB) v lin lc bng cch gi tn hiu theo a ch nh trc ( mi thit b c thit lp theo mt a ch). H thng c kt ni ti my tnh vn hnh iu khin v gim st thng qua b chuyn i EIB LAN. Ta iu khin h thng chiu sng trong ta nh theo cc l n thng qua c cu chp hnh l cc cng tc t. Cng tc t nhn tn hiu t server EIB hoc t nt n thc hin ng/ct cc l n c sn.

Page 25

Mi tng c mt ng tn hiu ring,c mt bin p mt chiu 220VAC/24VDC cung cp ngun cho tt c cc thit b trong tng (bao gm h thng n, h thng c cu chp hnh, cm bin) v mt line-coupler chuyn tn hiu v server trung tm t ti phng iu hnh. Ring tng 3 do s lng thit b l ln (phng iu khin trung tm) nn ta chia ra lm 2 line ring bit. cc tang t 4 n 15 l do s lng thit b khong nhiu v kt cu tng i ging nhau nn c 2 tng s s dng chung 1 line. Khi tnh ton cu hnh h thng, ta c: Cm bin dng trong ta nh: o Cm bin pht hin vt: loi 6131-74-102-500 ca hang ABB pht hin s xut hin ca ngi, s dng trong khu vc v sinh. o Cm bin pht hin chuyn ng: loi 6197-AGM204 ca hang ABB pht hin mi chuyn ng trong phm vi hot ng ca n ( bn knh 16m),dng trong khu va hnh lang v thang my. o Cm bin nh sng trong phng :loi S0112b99 pht hin sng trong phng, s dng trong hi trng, c i k m vi b iu khin Dim. Mn hnh iu khin dng cm ng: 6136/100C-500-101 dng trong nhng khng gian ln: tng hm,tng 1,tng 2(showroom v snh),do yu cu cn kh nng iu khin ti ch v iu khin, gim st nhiu l n cng lc. Nt nhn: dng trong khu vc cu thang b v khu hnh lang,do yu cu kh nng iu khin ti ch v iu khin thng qua server.

Page 26

Kt LunSau thi gian ngn thc tp,tm hiu,thu thp ti liu ti Cng ty IBS v h thng qun l ta nh, c s hng dn tn tnh ca thy gio Dng Minh c, v cc anh cn b v cng nhn vin trong cng ty, vi s n lc ca bn thn, em hon thnh bo co thc tp ny. Ni dung bo co l v vn t ng ha ta nh b ti nguyn v mi trng, trong ,tp trung vo cu trc chung mt h thng BMS ni chung v h thng chiu sng ta nh b ti nguyn mi trng ni ring. t thc tp gip em c thm nhiu kin thc mi v hiu bit thm v cng vic thc t. Mc d c gng hc hi,tm hiu, c thm ti liu nhng do thi gian hn ch, trnh bn thn c hn,trnh ngoi ng cha cao nn khng trnh khi nhiu thiu st. Em knh mong c s ch bo, ng gp kin ca cc thy c gio. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio Dng Minh c v cc anh cn b v cng nhn vin trong cng ty tn tnh gip em hon thnh t thc tp ny.

Sinh vin thc hin

Dng Minh Tun

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