three gorges dampanos/444_09_4_9.pdf · three gorges dam matthew morioka, alireza abrishamkar, yve...
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THREE GORGES DAM
Matthew Morioka, Alireza Abrishamkar, Yve KayCEE 491
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Specifications
• Dimensions:
Length: 7,661 Ft.
Height: 331 Ft.
Width (at base):
377 Ft.
• Location:
Sandouping, Yichang, Hubei, China
• Impounds the Yangtze River
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Project Overview
• Construction time:
1992 – 2011
• Construction Cost:
Est. $29 billion
•32 Generators :•32 Generators :
Capacity of 700MW EA
•Total electric generating capacity:
22,500 MW
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Materials Used/Excavated
• 35,600,000 yd.3
concrete
• 463,000 tonnes of steel
• Moved 1.342 x 108 yd.3
of earthof earth
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Technical Innovations
• River Close-off and Cofferdam in deep water
• Concrete placement on the TGD
• High Slopes outside the Three Gorges Ship
lock and Metal Structures
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Technical Innovations
• Main Generators
� Weight:
6000 tonnes
� Outer diameter of stator: � Outer diameter of stator:
21.4m (70.2 ft.)
� Power produced:
700 MW
� Generator Efficiency:
94% - 96.5%
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Finance
• Cost of Construction
¥ 64.6 Billion = $ 9.5 Billion
• Cost for Relocation of Affected Residents
¥ 68.6 Billion = $ 10 Billion¥ 68.6 Billion = $ 10 Billion
• Cost for Interest of Financing
¥ 15.2 Billion = $ 2.3 Billion
• Total Cost (2008)
¥ 148.4 Billion = $ 21.8 Billion
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Source of Funds
• Three Gorges Dam Construction Fund
• Profits from the Gezhouba Dam
• Policy Loans from the Chinese Development Bank
• Loans from domestic and foreign • Loans from domestic and foreign commercial banks
• Corporate Bonds
• Revenue from the Three Gorges Dam before and after it is fully operational
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How is Three Gorges Dam good for
China’s economy?
• Three Gorges Dam, (TGD) will substantially benefit China’s economic development.
• TGD improves navigability of upstream waterways.waterways.
• TGD benefits tourism in China.
• TGD will help citrus production.
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Economy
Construction of Three Gorges Dam has:
• Greatly improved Hubei's economic growth, as well as other provinces surrounding TGD.surrounding TGD.
• Sparked 1,344 projects supporting the dam in the Hubei reservoir area.
• Created huge demands for steel, wood and concrete.
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Social Benefits (1/3)
First Target of Three Gorges Project is Flood Control:
- Protection of 1.5 million hectare of farmland and towns, and 15 million of
people from flood damage
- 10-year flood � 100-year flood
- Prevention of mass damages or injuries even in a 1000-year flood
- Avoidance of social problems such as environmental deterioration and
epidemics related to the flood
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Social Benefits (2/3)
-Direct reduction of air pollutant and greenhouse gas emission:366 grams of coal is used to generate 1 kWh of electricity, thereforethe dam will reduce (per year):
- The coal consumption by 31 million tonnes
- Emission of 100 million tonnes of greenhouse gas
- Millions of tonnes of dust
- 1 million tonnes of sulfur dioxide- 1 million tonnes of sulfur dioxide
- 370 thousand tonnes of nitric oxide
- 10 thousand tonnes of carbon monoxide
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Social Benefits (3/3)
Reduction of greenhouse gas due to navigation:
198 million tonnes of goods passed through
the dam ship locks (2004-2007)
� Saved fuel is quivalent to 4,100,000 tonnes of standard coal comparing to highway of standard coal comparing to highway transportation
Other Benefits:- Improvement of the weather in the area
- Improvement of water quality
- Increase in river shipping from 10 million to 100 million tonnes annually
- Transportation cost cut by 30 to 37%
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Social Impacts- Relocation:- 1.24 million local residents were relocated until June 2008
- Accusations of corruption over money sent for the purpose of relocation for 13,000 farmers
- Impacts on the fauna:- Impacts on the fauna:- Siberian Crane
- Baiji
- Impacts on local culture:- The 375 mi long reservoir has flooded or will flood some 1,300 archaeological sites
- It covers some undiscovered relics
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Any Questions/Comments
Appreciated
Thank You!Thank You!