three-dimensional bubble-velocity determination … · 2015. 7. 31. · (1998) measure pha...

ISFV15 – M

TH

1CentracCor

KEY

Astructures. Aschematic of on the pipe cWMS can alacquired phadimensional velocity is debefore subseThe validity flow structur

IN

to predict twflow is cruciaaddress simptwo-phase flo(PTV) basedvelocity profvalve methodthree-dimensspatial resolulocal void frainvestigatingmeasurementthree-dimensvelocity to imto investigateclarified by d

Previously, estimate the phasic velocisignals, befolocation. Thevisualize a sw

Minsk / Belar

HREE-DIMA

T. KA

al Research In

rresponding a

YWORDS: Main suFluid: twVisualizOther k

ABSTRACT:AA Wire-Mesh Sf the WMS usecross-section,so acquire phasic velocity bubble veloc

etermined by equently seekiof this metho

re.

NTRODUCTwo-phase flowal to validate

ple experimentow dynamics.

d on high-speefile monitor (d acquires infsional measureutions, a wire-action with prg the signal timt has been simsional complemprove the thre the flow evodecomposing t the acquiredthree-dimensity is determin

ore subsequene validity of wirl flow struc

rus – 2012

MENSIONALGORIT

ANAI1, c, M.

nstitute of Elec

author: Tel.: +

ubjects: flow vwo-phase flowzation methodkeywords: ima

A gas-liquid twSensor (WMSed in this stud, according to

hasic velocity bwas limited

city accordingthe tracking b

ing pairs of sid is demonstr

TION: Recentw in simple ge

such CFD codtal correlation. Optical methed camera ima(UVP)(1) and formation in ement of two--mesh sensor rinciples basedme-delay betwmply one-dimex behavior bree-dimension

olution using Wthe void fracti

d phasic velocional bubble vned by the tra

ntly seeking pthis method

cture.

NAL BUBTHM WI

FURUYA1,

ctric Power In

81334802111

visualizationw, air-water d: wire mesh sage processing

wo-phase flowS) consists of dy. The WMS o the electric based on the tto one-dimeng to each of bubble. The pimilar bubblesrated for a swi

t computing aeometry. An ades. Extensivens. Several mehods such as pages are non-ia void probe time-averaged-phase flow w(WMS) has b

d on local conween two WMmensional and

by nature, henal two-phaseWMS. The meion according city was limitvelocity accoracking bubbleairs of similais demonstra

15th In

BBLE-VEITH WIR

, T. ARAI1, K

ndustry, 2-11-

1; Fax: +81334

sensor g, tracking, cr

w in a large ditwo parallel wmeasures insconductance btime lag of vo

nsional. The athe WMS m

proposed algors in two sets irl flow and th

advances haveaccurate expee studies of theasurement tecparticle imageintrusive, but sensor(2) acqu

d form. Therewith these metbeen proposednductivity mea

MSs via cross-caxial, wherea

ence the impe flow analysisechanism of b

g to the bubbleted to one-dimrding to eache. The proposar bubbles in ated for a sw

nternational

ELOCITYRE-MESH

K. SHIRAKA

1 Iwado-Kita

4882844; Ema

ross-correlatio

iameter pipe ewire layers inttantaneous twbetween two oid signals betauthors propo

measurement lrithm first ideof WMS data

he proposed m

e enabled comerimental datahe characteristchniques havee velocimetry only applicabuire informatiefore, it has bthods. To mead by Prasser easurement andcorrelation anaas the two-phaportance of ess codes. Furthbubble coalesce size classificmensional. Th WMS measued algorithm two sets of W

wirl flow and

SymposiumJune25-28

Y DETERH SENSOR

AWA1, Y. N

, Komae, Tok

ail: t-kanai@c

on, bubble velo

exhibits comptersecting at ri

wo-dimensionaintersecting wtween two setose an algoritocations. Thentifies each ba according tomethod can su

mputational fluabase on a thrtics of two-phae also been use(PIV) and pa

ble for low voion as one-po

been difficult asure void fracet al.(3). (1998)d measure phaalysis(4-6). Howase flow in a stimating the

hermore, Prasscence, break-uation(7-9).

he authors nowurement locatifirst identifies

WMS data accthe proposed

m on Flow V8, 2012, Min

RMINATIR

NISHI1

kyo 2018511,

criepi.denken.

ocity

plex three-dimright angles. Fal void-fractiowires in a twots of WMS. Pthm to estimae three-dimenbubble in the Wo bubble size

uccessfully vis

uid dynamics ree-dimension

hase flow haveed successive

article trackingoid fractions. oint, while a to precisely d

ctions at high ). The WMS

asic velocity dwever, such phlarge diamete

e three-dimenser et al. propup and lateral

w propose anion. The threes each bubblecording to bud method can

Visualizationnsk, Belarus

ION

JAPAN

or.jp

mensional flowFig. 1 shows aon distributiono-phase flow.reviously, theate the three-

nsional phasicWMS signals,and location.

sualize a swirl

(CFD) codesnal two-phasee been used toely to measureg velocimetryAn ultrasonicquick closingdetermine thetemporal andcan acquire a

distribution byhasic velocityer pipe showssional phasicosed methodslift force was

n algorithm toe-dimensionale in the WMSubble size andn successfully

n s

w a n . e -c , . l

s e o e y c g e d a y y s c s s

o l

S d y

ISFV15 – M

EX

(FzR, Germaintersect at 9instantaneoubetween the conductance,used as a tranFig. 1(a) sh

(equal to the mm. The (hoFig. 1 (b) showith a negligmm. The samsampling freq

Fig. 1 (a) Scheconsists of 64 40 mm. Fig. 1 Fig. 2(a) s

compressor, pipe (i.d. 224D and downsinjector. TheFig. 2 (b) shopipe (i.d. 220and it was suExperiment

test section vreceiver tankDownstreamatmosphere aCelsius by th

Minsk / Belar

XPERIMENany) and cons90o with a sms two-dimenslocal instantan, while the gansmitter and thhows a schem

test pipe). Thorizontal) gap ows a cross-s

gible influencempling frequenquency is set

ematics of WMx 64 parallel w (b) Cross-secti

shows a scheair receiver ta

4 mm), while stream 3.7 D,

e test section hows a schema0 mm). The S

ubject to countts are performvia the lowerk with the ai

m of the test seand the separahe heat exchan

rus – 2012

NTALARRANsists of a pair

mall gap and easional void-frneous conduc

as phase acts ahe other as a r

matic view of the WMS consi

between the wsectional mease on the flow ncy of such deto 1000 fps.

MS used in this swires. The (horizional measurem

ematic view oank, air-water the total heigh where D (mm

has sixteen airatic view of a Swirler is inseterclockwise r

med in an air-wr plenum by tir compressorction, air and ated water recnger. The wat

NGEMENTS:of parallel wiach intersectioraction distribctivity of the twas an insulatorreceiver planethe WMS useists of 64 x 64wires is 3.5 msurement signfield and suffievice can be s

study. The innerzontal) gap betw

ment signal of th

of the test faseparation tan

ht of the facilim) is the inner-injection nozSwirler, whic

erted 5.8 D uprotation. water system. the circulatingr and with thwater were se

circulated intoter flow rate i

15th In

: The WMS wire layers locaon acts as an

bution over thtwo-phase flowr. During the

e. ed in this stud4 parallel wire

mm, which repnal of the two-ficient intensitset to a maxim

r diameter of thween the wires he two-phase flo

acility, whichnk, heat exchaity is about 6 mer diameter of zzles (i.d. 10 mch consists of pstream of W

Water is passg water pump

he air receiveeparated at the

o the water tans measured by

nternational

was developedated at the croelectrode. Th

he cross-sectiw. For a two-psignal acquisi

dy. The inner es, with both lpresents the ho-phase flow. Tty. The distanc

mum of 1250 f

he two sensors iis 3.5 mm. Theow.

h mainly conanger and testm. The straigh

f the pipe. Figmm) on the cifour vanes, an

WMS. The cent

sed through anp. Air is supp

er tank used te separation tank. The water y a magnetic

SymposiumJune25-28

d at the Forscoss-section ofhe WMS allowion of a pipephase flow, thition, one plan

diameter of tayers intersecorizontal spatiThe diameter oce between twframes per sec

is 224 mm (eque distance betwe

sists of a wapipe. The tes

ht run pipe up. 2(c) shows aircumference n inner pipe (ter angle of th

n ion-exchangplied to the teto control theank, the separatemperature iflow meter (K


chungszentrumf a pipe. The ws the measue, based on the water phasene of the elec

the two sensocting at 90º anial resolution of the wires w

wo layers of thcond (fps). In t

ual to the test pieen two layers

ater circulatiost section conspstream of the a schematic v14.3 D upstre

(o.d. 110 mm)he vane was a

ge resin and suest section the inlet pressurated air dischis maintained KEYENCE fu


m Rossendorfparallel wires

urement of thethe differencee shows slighttrode wires is

rs is 224 mmd a gap of 2.8of the sensor.

was 0.25 mm,he sensor is 40this study, the

pe). The WMSof the sensor is

on pump, airsists of a PVCWMS is 20.3iew of the aiream of WMS.) and an outerabout 30 deg.

upplied to thehrough the airure alteration.arged into theat 30 degrees

ull-duplex-UH

n s

f s e e t s

m 8 . , 0 e

r C 3 r . r .

e r . e s

H

ISFV15 – M

100H) and cCo. Ltd., MCof the WMS.

Fig. 2. The tesof the WMS is(b): Photograpview of the air

Minsk / Belar

ontrolled by rCF015) and co.

st section consiss 20.3 D and theph of the swirlerr-injector nozzl

InlInle

R

rus – 2012

regulating andontrolled by th

sts of a PVC pie test section har, which compre.

let superficial liet superficial ph

WMS samplinMeasureme

Ratio of LengthInlet Noz

SwirleSwirler v

d bypass valvhe air supply

pe (i.d. 224 mmas sixteen air inrises an outer pi

Table 1. Experiiquid velocity; jhasic velocity; j

ng frequency (fpent duration (s)

h to Diameter (Lzzle to WMSer to WMS vane angle (o)

15th In

ves. The airflosystem. Table

m), with a total njectors (i.d. 10 ipe (i.d. 220 mm

imental paramejL(m/s) jG(m/s)

fps) )

L/D)

nternational

ow was measue 1 shows the

facility height mm) on the cir

m), inner pipe (

eters and swirle

Run 1Run 2Run 3Run 4

(5 ca

30, N/A

SymposiumJune25-28

ured by 16 maflow conditio

of about 6 m. Trcumference 14o.d. 110 mm) a

r 0.63

1000 5

ases per parame

14.3 5.8

A (without gene


ass flow meteons and measu

The straight run4.3 D upstream and four vanes.

0.05 0.21 0.42 0.63

eter)

erator)


ers (Yamatakeurement setup

n pipe upstreamof WMS. (c): Schematic

n s

e p

m

ISFV15 – M

B×5000 (i×j×kdata. Bubble bubble volumvelocity and

whereVB i

and ∆t the saThe coord

belonging to example of thidentificationseldom contrwind through

Fig

Minsk / Belar

BUBBLE IDEk). Each of th identificationme is given bthe geometric

s the bubble vampling perio

dinates of the cthe selected b

he bubble idenn processes thribute to flow h the test pipe

g. 3. An exampl

rus – 2012

ENTIFICATIhese data contn is via a specby Eq. 1. Thec structure of t

volume, εi,j,k thod (1 msec) (8).center of massbubble using tntification, wie bubble signadynamics. La.

e of bubble iden

ION: The twotains two-dimeial algorithm e bubble voluthe WMS. Mo

VB=Ug∆x∆y∆

DB=3

he void fractio

s can be obtainthe local void ith flow condial of about VB

arger bubbles a

xc=∑ ji,j,k∑i,j

yc=∑i,j,k∑i,j

tc=∑ ki,j,k∑i,j,

ntification. The

15th In

o-phase flowensional voidand a bubble

ume can be ooreover, the bu

∆t εi,j,ki,j,k∈B

6VBπ

on at i, j, k, Ug

ned by averagfraction valueitions of jG= 0B ≥ 300 mm3 (Dappear interm

j·∆x·εi,j,kεi,j,kj,k

,

i·∆i·εi,j,kεi,j,kj,k

,

k ·∆t·εi,j,kεi,j,k,k

,

e flow condition

nternational

data consist d distributions

is defined as obtained by subble diamete

Ug the bubble v

ging the measues as a weight0.21 m/s, jL=0.DB ≥ 8 mm), s

mittently, as a r

ns are jG= 0.21

SymposiumJune25-28

of a three-dimof 64 × 64 W

a region of coummating the

er is calculated

velocity, ∆x, ∆

urement coordfunction (Eqs

.63 m/s and a since smaller bresult of xc and

m/s, jL=0.63 m/


mensional maWMS and 500onnected gas ee bubble elemd by Eq. 2.

∆y the wire gap

dinates of all es. 3-5). Fig. 3 swirl flow. Thbubbles (DB <d yc shows the

m/s and a swirl f


atrix 64 × 6400 time-serieselements. Thements, bubble

(1)

(2)

p (3.5 mm),

elements shows an

he bubble < 8 mm) e bubbles

(3)

(4)

(5)

flow.

n s

4 s e e

ISFV15 – M

B(left) shows measured bylocation. SubTable 2 showtime range (∆at measuremhorizontal raconditions uDB,2nd≥ 8 mm(right) showsbubbles are gGroup 3 is athe matchingmatching ratbubbles fulfiThe matchi

result of bubgas-phasic vcorrelation anand Run4-Grwith Run4-Gtracking. Moreover, t

bubble velocwhile Fig. 7 shows compaby bubble traestimated bytracking meth

(V

Ve

Minsk / Belar

BUBBLE TRAthe upstream

y upstream anbsequently, paws matching c∆T) of 10≤∆T≤

ment points (-3ange is -7 ≤ ∆used to judgm) and severas the result ofgenerally dividabout 30≤DB<g ratio falls. Mtios comparedll the conditio

ing ratio is higbble velocity dvelocity calcunalysis concur4-VR1 show

Gr4-VR4. In t

the validity ocity of the swir(right) showsarisons of bubacking, while y cross-correlhod.

MatchingVolume Ratio: V

Tracking ran

Tracking rangertical velocity r

Bubble cla

rus – 2012

ACKING: Thand downstre

nd downstreaairs of similaronditions, track

T≤200. In the c5 ≤ ∆X, ∆Y ≤∆XWMS, ∆YWMge whether aal matching cf matching ratioded into four g

< 60 and GroupMoreover, the md with Groupson. gh with a loo

distributions wulated via crour. Moreover, s fast and slowthis study, the

f this methodrl flow, jG= 0.

s a top view. Tbble tracking the black lineation analysis

Table 2. Matg condition VB,1st/VB,2nd (VR

nges (∆X, ∆Y)

ge (∆T) (10-3s) range (uG,v) (massifications

he three-dimeneam WMS bu

am WMS, resr bubbles are king ranges ancase of the sw≤ 35 in millimMS ≤ 7 in measan identical onditions (Vo

o versus matchgroups by bubp 4 is about 60matching ratios 1 and 2, sinc

ose matching cwhen the matcoss-correlationsmall bubbles

w distributionse matching co

d is demonstra21 m/s, jL=0.6

The bubble traand cross-cor

es show the avs. Both result

ching condition

R))

V

m/s)

15th In

nsional phasicubble identificspectively. Thsought in tw

nd bubble classwirl flow, the hmeter units). Co

surement poinelement is

olume Ratio: hing conditionbble size, Gro0≤DB. As theo also declinece large bubb

condition, butching condition analysis bys are generallys, respectivelyondition of V

ated for a swi63 m/s using backing result rrelation analyveraged bubblts effectively

ns, tracking ranVR 1 VR 2 VR 3 VR 4 VR 5

Vertical upward

Swirl flow

Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4

nternational

c velocity is dcation results.he circle size

wo WMS data,ifications. The

horizontal rangonversely, in tnts (-24.5 ≤ ∆present or nVR, shown in

ns (VR 1-5) atoup 1 is about e matching cos in the large

bles generally

t the number ons (VR) are c

the bubble y slower than y. Run4-Gr1-VVR4 (0.8 ≤ VB,

irl flow and abubble trackineffectively shysis. The bluee velocities. Fmatch and d

ge and bubble c0.33

flow

-

10 ≤ ∆0.22 ≤

SymposiumJune25-28

etermined by The red and and location

, according toe tracking range (∆X, ∆Y) isthe case of th∆X, ∆Y ≤ 24.5not are VB,1sn Table 2) in jL=0.63 (m/s)

8≤DB< 20, Gonditions becobubble grouphave conside

of mistakes ichanged and thgroup. The rlarge bubbles.VR4 shows sl1st/VB,2nd ≤ 1.2)

a vertical upwng. Fig. 7 (leftows the swirl

e circles showFinally, the reddemonstrate t

classifications 3 onethird ≤V

0.5 half ≤V0.5(-50%) ≤V0.8(-20%) ≤V0.9(-10%) ≤V

-7 ≤ ∆XWMS, ∆-24.5 ≤ ∆X, ∆

10 ≤ ∆XWMS, ∆-35 ≤ ∆X, ∆

∆T ≤ 180 ≤ uG,h ≤ 4

Bubble di8 ≤D

20≤30≤

60


tracking the bblue circles

n refer to bubo bubble size nges are as fos -10 ≤ ∆XWMShe vertical upw5 in millimetest, B,2nd ≥ 300

the tracking ), jG= 0.63 (m

Group 2 is aboome increasin

p. Groups 3 anerable deforma

increases. Figthe red solid lresults of VR. However, Rulow distributio) is adopted

ward flow. Figft) shows an ovl flow charact

w bubble velocd line shows tthe efficacy o

≤VR≤ 3.0 (threeVR ≤ 2.0 (twiceVR ≤ 1.5 (+50%VR ≤ 1.2 (+20%VR ≤ 1.1 (+10%∆YWMS ≤ 7 (poin∆Y ≤ 24.5 (mm∆YWMS ≤ 10 (poi∆Y ≤ 35 (mm)

iameter (mm) DB< 20 DB< 30 DB< 60

0≤DB


bubble. Fig. 4show bubblesbble size andand location.

ollows, with aS, ∆YWMS ≤ 10ward flow, theer units). The0 mm3(DB,1st,range. Fig. 4

m/s). In Fig. 5,ut 20≤DB< 30

ngly stringent,nd 4 show lowation and few

. 5 shows theines show the

R4 and cross-un4-Gr1-Mc1ons comparedin the bubble

. 7 shows theverhead view,teristics. Fig.8city estimatedhe velocity asof the bubble

e times)e)

%) %) %) nts)

m) ints)

n s

4 s d . a 0 e e ,

4 , 0, ,

w w

e e -

d e

e ,

8 d s e

ISFV15 – M

Fig. 4 (left). P

Minsk / Belar

Principle of bubb

rus – 2012

ble tracking. Red and blue circles s(right). Match

Fig. 5. Match

15th In

show bubbles mehing ratio versu

hing ratio versu

nternational

easured by upstreus VB,1st/VB,2nd.

us SB,1st/SB,2nd.

SymposiumJune25-28

am and downstre


eam WMS respec


tively. Fig. 4

n s

ISFV15 – M

Fig.6. The bub B

conditions ofwith increasiprofile, whilfeaturing a sedifference ofA quantitati

radial compo

Here, |uG,h

reference vecrotate countewhen the bub

Figs. 8 andupward and vertical upwashow almost

Figs. 10 anupward and sThese resultsstrong.

Fig. 12 shoare shown onunderside, upinteraction be

Minsk / Belar

bble velocity of

BUBBLE VELf jG=0.05, 0.6ing bubble sie conversely,econdary flowf the bubble veive estimationonent (|uG,rad|)

| is a horizontctors. In the cerclockwise obbles flow towd 9 show |uG,cswirl flows rard flow has npositive valu

nd 11 show |uGswirl flows res mean bubble

ows an exampn the circumfepper side and etween large a

rus – 2012

f the swirl flow,

LOCITY: Fig3 m/s, jL=0.63ize. When Ru, Run4-Gr1-Vw with large belocity by bubn of the multi-) of the phasic

|uG,c|uG,

tal componentcase of the |uGor clockwise, ward the centecmf| of all bubrespectively. |uno specific dires, which meaG,rad| of all buespectively. In es tend to mov

ple measuremference of the outside of theand small bub

, jG= 0.21 m/s, j

g. 7 shows the3 m/s and straun1-Gr1-VR4

VR4 shows a ubbles, turbul

bble size can bdimensional f

c velocity. |uG

cmf x,y | = | u

,rad x,y |=| uG

t of the phasicG,cmf| estimatio|uG,cmf| has a

er or outside, |ubbles (left) anuG,cmf|of the rectionality inan the large bu

ubbles (left) anthe region of

ve in the direc

ment of bubblelarge bubble.

e large bubblebbles can be ev

15th In

jL=0.63 m/s usi

e bubble velocaight flow. Th is comparedbroad profilelence considerbe evaluated.flow is perform

G,cmf| and |uG,r

uG,h x,y | cosθ

G,h x,y | sinθx

c velocity andon, the referen

positive or nuG,rad| have p

nd large bubblvertical upwa

n the circumfeubbles tend tond large bubblf radial positioction of the ce

e interaction. . The small bues. Using this valuated.

nternational

ing bubble track

city distributiohis result effed with Run4-Ge. This is becrably intensifi

med using a c

ad| are given a

θx,y ,

x,y ,

d θx,y is the annce vector turnegative valupositive or negles (right). Fiard flow showerential directio move in the dles (right). Fig

on at about 80 enter, and wit

Large bubbleubbles are clabubble trackin

SymposiumJune25-28

king. Overhead

ons of the fouctively showsGr1-VR4, Ruause, for highies. Via this b

circumference as Eqs. 6-7.

ngle between trns countercloe. In the case

gative values rgs. 8 and 9 sw almost zeroion. Conversedirection of thgs. 10 and 11 - 112 mm, |uG

th large bubbl

s arise intermassified into thng method an


d view (left). To

ur bubble grous how bubble un1-Gr1-VR4 h void fractio

bubble trackin

component (

the horizontalockwise. Whee of the |uG,rarespectively. show results oo values, whiely,|uG,cmf|of the center. show results oG,rad| show po

les this tenden

mittently and shree groups, nnd evaluation t


op view (right).

ups, with flowvelocity risesshows shape

on conditions,g method, the

|uG,cmf|) and a

(6)

(7)

l velocity anden the bubblesad|estimation,

of the verticalch means thethe swirl flow

of the verticalositive values.ncy is epically

small bubblesnamely on thetechnique, the

n s

w s e , e

a

d s ,

l e

w

l . y

s e e

ISFV15 – M

F

Fi

Minsk / Belar

Fig. 8. Circumfe

ig. 9. Circumfer

rus – 2012

Fig. 7.

erence (left) and

rence (left) and

Bubble velocit

d radial (right) c

radial (right) c

15th In

ty distributions

component of t

component of la

nternational

of four bubble

the bubble velo

arge bubble velo

SymposiumJune25-28

groups.

city in the verti

ocity in the vert


ical upward flow

tical upward flo


w.

ow.

n s

ISFV15 – M

Fi

Minsk / Belar

Fig. 10. Cir

Fig. 11. Circum

ig. 12. Large bu

rus – 2012

rcumference (le

mference (left)

ubbles which ar

eft) and radial (r

and radial (righ

rise intermittent

15th In

right) compone

ht) component o

tly and small bu

nternational

ent of the bubble

of the large bub

ubbles of the cir

SymposiumJune25-28

e velocity in the

bble velocity in

rcumference of


e swirl flow.

n the swirl flow.

f the large bubb


.

ble.

n s

ISFV15 – M

Ceach WMS mproposed algtwo WMS dawhich the probubble veloc

A

helpful suggKunihiko Nis

R

1. Aritomi, for Steady an2. Hogsett, p. 15-24. 3. Prasser, H4. Weerin, WTechnol 40, p5. Prasser, Hsecond. Proc6. Richter, S.sensor. Int. J7. Prasser, Haccording to 8. Manera, Atransient upw9. Kanai, T. eMesh Sensor

Minsk / Belar

CONCLUSIOmeasurement gorithm first idata according oposed metho

city due to bub

ACKNOWLEgestions. Thanshiyama of El

REFERENCEM. et al., 200

nd Transient MS. T. et al., 19

H. -M. et al., 19W. et al., 2003.

p. 932. H. -M. et al., 20c. Int. Congres. et al., 2002. . Heat Mass T

H. -M. et al., 20bubble size c

A. et al., 2006.ward flashing et al., 2011. Mr, Proc. ICON

rus – 2012

ONS: We proplocations. Th

dentifies eachto bubble siz

od can successbble size and t

EDGEMENTSnks also to Talectric Power

ES: 00. UltrasonicMultiphase Flo997. Local tw

998. A new el. Intrusive Eff

002. Fast wiress on AdvanceApproach tow

Transfer 45, p.002. Evolutionlasses using w Three-dimenflow. Int. J. M

Multi-dimensioNE 19, Osaka,

posed an algohe three-dimenh bubble in theze and locationsfully visualizthe interaction

S: The authorakeo YoshiokEngineering S

Doppler metows, Rossendo

wo-phase flow

lectrode-meshfect of Wire M

e-mesh sensore Nuclear Powwards spatial p. 1063. n of the two-p

wire mesh sensnsional flow paMultiphase Floonal Two-PhaJapan, CD-RO

15th In

orithm to estimnsional phasice WMS signan. The validit

ze the structurn between larg

rs would like tka of CERES Systems Co., L

thod for bubbdorf, Germany

measurement

h tomograph foMesh Tomogra

rs for gas-liquiwer Planes, Hophase reconstr

phase flow in asors. Int. J. Thattern visualiz

ow 32, p. 996.ase Flow MeasOM, (2011)

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mate three-dimc velocity is dals and subseqty of this methre. Using this ge and small b

to thank ProfeInc. and Yos

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SymposiumJune25-28

mensional bubdetermined byquently seeks hod is demonbubble trackin

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flows. Flow Miquid Flow M

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Workshop on

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