three categories of environmental survey for aquaculture
DESCRIPTION
Three categories of environmental survey for aquaculture were developed ranging from low cost simple surveys to highly detailed surveysTRANSCRIPT
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Development of 3 categories of environmental monitoring surveys
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Marine Environment and
Resources Foundation
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Uses of monitoring
• Check level of impact• Check extent of impact• Check if
– production over carrying capacity, – too many licenses issued
• Check if impact – getting worse, – staying the same, – getting better
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Production data
• Number of fish stocked
• Present size
• Food fed per day
• Market size
• Culture period
• Survival
• Food conversion rate
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Environmental data
• Cage layouts and net sizes
• Depth recordings
• Current readings
• Water dispersion
• Condition of the sea bed sediments
• Oxygen levels in the water column
• Turbidity of the water column
• Nutrients in the water column
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
3 categories of environmental survey
The project is developing 3 categories of environmental survey that can identify impacts of aquaculture.
Category 1. low cost simple survey that can be undertaken by local Government or farmer
Category 2. Medium level survey that requires some equipment that can be undertaken by Government regional offices, Protected Area Management and other aquaculture management organisations
Category 3. Comprehensive survey (baseline survey) to be undertaken by Government research Institutes or similar, scientists for EIA, baseline or detailed impact studies.
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Survey costs
CATEGORY I CATEGORY II CATEGORY III
Level Simple Intermediate Full Quantitative
Client Large Farmer/LGU
BFAR Regional, IFARMC, PAMBI
Science + Govt research Institutes
Equipment Cost
US $ 1,000 US $10,000 US $ 100,000
Consumables Survey cost
US$ 25 US$ 250 US$ 2,500
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 1
Scope: Simple cheap, cost effective survey Aimed at: LGU/Farmer
This survey measures the following parameters: • Cage layout and sizes • Depth recordings (bathymetry) of the area around the
cages • Current (water movement) – estimate speed and
direction of water movement around the cages • Condition of the sea bed sediments • Oxygen levels in the water column • Turbidity of the water column
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 1
CATEGORY I
Bathymetry Lead-line and Map
Turbidity Secchi disc
Salinity/temp/depth/O2/ Temp/Salinity (hydrometer), O2 test kit
Water col. Nutrients Water sampler (eg Marpet)
Benthos sampling Mini-corer
Taxonomy Sensory/presence/absence
Sediment (physical and chemical)
Hydrography --
MET data --
Waste feed Tray
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category I - US $ 1000 / 25
Equipment (US $ 440/25) Price (US$)
Thin rope + marker + weight 10
Secchi + rope + marker 20
Temperature 5
Hydrometer 10
O2 test kit 50
Nutrient test kit 200
Water sampler (cheap) 200
Coring device 75
Feeding tray 20
Ropes 25
Digital camera 250
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Classification
Classification Good Intermediate Impacted
Sediment Animals present Light colourNo smell
Some animals presentThin black on top of normal sedimentSome or no smell
Little or no animalsDeep black or all black layerstrong H2S smell
Water column Secchi depth Secchi depth less than 3 - 5 m
Secchi depth less than 3 m
Nutrients NH4 < 0.02 0.02 – 0.05 > 0.05
Nutrients NO2 < 0.05 0.05 – 0.10 > 0.10
Oxygen Above 6 mg/l Between 4 and 6 mg/l
Less than 4 mg/l
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Equipment for category 1
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 2
Scope: Can be undertaken by a technician, medium cost, cost effective survey
Aimed at: Government regional offices, Protected Area Management and other aquaculture management organisations
This survey measures the following parameters: • Cage layout and sizes • Depth recordings (bathymetry) of the area around the
cages • Current (water movement) – estimate speed and direction
of water movement around the cages • Condition of the sea bed sediments (semi-quantitative)• Oxygen, salinity and nutrient levels in the water column • Turbidity of the water column
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 2CATEGORY II
Bathymetry Hand-held sounder + GPS
Turbidity Secchi disc
Salinity/temp/depth/O2/ Temp/Salinity (hydrometer/refractometer? /O2 (O2 meter)
Water col. Nutrients Water sampler Niskin
Benthos sampling Grab (toy) or corer
Taxonomy Semi quantitative – major taxa
Sediment (physical and chemical)
Water content/PSA
Hydrography Drogues CM (cheap)
MET data MET station/handheld anemometer
Waste feed Tray
Analysis of results Semi- Quantitative analysis of aquaculture impact
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 2 - US $ 10,000 / 250Category II (US $ 7,170/200) Price (US$)
Handheld sounder 250
GPS 350
Secchi disk + rope 20
Temp/sal/O2 meter 800
5 L Water sampler/Niskin 600
Grab (toy) or corer 800
Drying oven 800
Scales + 0.001 500
PSA sieves (?)0.50, shaker (2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125) 2,000
Drogues 125
Met. Station 1,000
Handheld anemometer 200
Feeding tray 25
Rope 50
Weights 50
Nutrient test kits 200
Storage boxes 500
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Equipment for category 2
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 3
Scope: Comprehensive survey (baseline survey)Aimed at: Government research Institutes or similar,
scientists for EIA, baseline or detailed impact studies
This survey measures the following parameters: • Cage layout, sizes and GPS position • Depth recordings (bathymetry) of the area around the
cages using sonar and GPS• Current (water movement) – estimate speed and
direction of water movement around the cages • Condition of the sea bed sediments • Oxygen, salinity, chlorophyll and nutrient
levels in the water column • Turbidity of the water column
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 3CATEGORY III
Bathymetry Echo sounder + GPS
Turbidity Secchi + Turbidity meter
Salinity/temp/depth/O2/ CTDO
Water col. Nutrients Niskin bottle (field) + lab analysis (any depth)
Benthos sampling Grab (0.05 m2)/Core + equipment + chemicals
Taxonomy Quantitative (families)
Sediment (physical and chemical)
PSA/water content RedoxRedox/LOI
Hydrography Current meters and Drogues
MET data MET station
Waste feed Tray
Analysis of results Baseline survey. Quantitative analysis of impact
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Category 3 – US $ 100,000/2,500Category III (US$ 100,000/2,500) Price US $
Echo sounder + GPS (integrated) 1,500
Secchi disk 20
Turbidmeter + CTDO 16,000
Niskin 600
Chemicals/filters, Lab equipment 200
Grab (0.05 m2), core + sieves + equipment 200
Coultier counter or equivalent 250
Redox meter + probe + sol. 2,000
Muffle furnace 4,000
Current meters (3) 18,000
profiler + frame + batteries 34,000
Mooring equipment 400
Drogues 125
Met. Station 1,000
Feeding tray 25
Storage boxes 500
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THEME: Bridging the gaps in the Philippine Aquaculture “Hotspots”
Equipment for category 3