thonline technological innovaons in workplace safety

Technological Innova�onsIn Workplace Safety

26th

23rd and 24th April 2021

Supported By V.P.M's Polytechnic, Thane'Jnanadweepa', Thane College Campus,Chendani Bunder Road, Thane - 400 601,MS, IndiaContact : 022-25339866 / 9619651156Email : [email protected] : www.vpmthane.org

ONLINENational Conference on

Organized By

23rd & 24th April 2021 Technological Innovations In Workplace Safety

www.vpmthane.org V.P.M.’S POLYTECHNIC, THANE 1

Messages Message from the Chairman

Dr. V.V. Bedekar, Chairman, Vidya Prasarak Mandal, Thane

Message from the Convener

Dr. D.K. Nayak, Principal, V.P.M’s Polytechnic, Thane

Message from the Organizing Secretary

Mrs. V.A. Joshi, HOD Instrumentation Department, V.P.M’s Polytechnic, Thane

CONTENTS

Paper Title and Author’s Name Page No.

Keynote Address: Technical Innovations in Workplace Safety

Chandrashekhar Limaye 5

Leveraging Technology by using “MOBILE App” for Safety at Construction Sites

Rishikesh Ahirrao 7

Legal Understanding about Punishment and Penalties to Industrial Professionals for Offenses

Under OSH Code, Factories Act and IPC

Paras Kamble

11

Safety Innovations in Process Industries

Onkar Gokhale 12

Ergonomic Challenges of Working in Hybrid Workspace

Dr. Reena Valecha 21

Using Technology to Upgrade Safety Knowledge and Demonstrate Compliance

Mandar Phadke 23

Framework for Laboratory Leadership: Learning about Bio Safety levels

Dr. Rashmi Chowdhary 28

Disaster Preparedness

Rajendra Lokhande 31

Technology and Systems Synergy for Achieving Excellence in Safety

Sameer Pendse 33

Digital Transformation in Process Industries from Safety Perspective

Sagar Jorapur 35

Dr. D.K. Nayak Mrs. V.A. Joshi

Mrs. S.D. Khandagale Mrs. Hemangi Sawant Mrs. Rupali Kane

Editorial Committee

Technological Innovations In Workplace Safety 23rd & 24th April 2021

2 V.P.M.’S POLYTECHNIC, THANE www.vpmthane.org

Message from the Chairman Towards a Safe and Innovative Life

Dear Delegates,

Warm Greetings!!

The COVID-19 crisis is present everywhere on the planet, leading to travel restrictions and confinement in Maharashtra as well as in many countries. Of course, our thoughts are with all those who have been directly and indirectly impacted by the virus in this unprecedented situation.

Under these force major circumstances, we have decided to turn this crisis into an opportunity, so, it is my great honour and pleasure to announce the Online / Virtual 26th National Conference on “Technological Innovations in Workplace Safety” on Friday 23rd and Saturday 24th April 2021.

Objective of the conference is to create a forum for facilitating the exchange of practical and continuous advancements that are designed to provide us with easier lives and safer environments. These innovations

enhance overall workplace safety and decrease potential accident risk for their employees. This also has a major impact in company culture and practices, empowering organizations to make better, more informed decisions.

Some of the key topics that will be addressed during the conference are Digital Transformation, technology innovation, Legal understanding, Framework for laboratory leadership, among others

The online conference will enable participants to interact amongst peers through keynote presentations, exchange of ideas over debates and panel discussions, and acquire new skills. The virtual platform will provide opportunities for wider networking among safety personnel, industry professionals, staff and students.

I appreciate organizing committee and their efforts for showing keen interest in arranging this Conference and contributing new ideas & research findings. I wish all the participants, good luck to spread knowledge and make the maximum benefit out of it.

Best Wishes,

Dr. V.V. Bedekar Chairman

Vidya Prasarak Mandal, Thane

Dr. V.V. Bedekar MBBS, DGO

Founder President-Institute for ‘Oriental Study’ & ‘Satya Shodha

Sanstha’, Thane Life Member-Asiatic Society,

Mumbai Friend-(Life) British Library,

London, UK



Message from the Convener Dear Participants,

It gives me pleasure to present proceedings of the 26th National Conference organized by the Polytechnic. Owing to the present circumstances, event is organized online and we wish all the delegates a wonderful enriching experience. The theme of the Conference is Technological innovations in Workplace Safety.

Workplace around the globe are the places where the interaction of people and machine or equipment are involved. Unless and otherwise workplaces are smart, safe, healthy and productive for the stakeholders, there shall be disruptions in the economy and social values. To bring the safe workplace productivity and flexible quality, the timely tool is the innovation that looks into the mechanism that changes the dynamics of workplace. The workplace innovation for any organization results in improvement in productivity with safety & well-being as one of the key variables. This shall lead to sustainable development. The outbreaks like COVID-19 pandemic have more negative effect on workplace and productivity of the employees. To minimize impact of such sudden and unpredictable outbreaks, workplace innovation can be useful in setting a new mechanism to work in controlling such outbreaks to sustain the economy.

Due to the growing trends of employment with attrition, the workplace safety demands serious attention. Research findings elaborate that the workplace organization, layout, human resource management, top management, workers’ participation, policy and training demand attention considering the need for strong workplace safety and health improvements through innovative approaches. At various levels, especially at the national level, OSH problems lack top management commitment, national policy and uniform standards. In addition to these factors, absence of awareness within the enterprise, organizations and at individual

employees’ level, dearth of cultural norms of workplace health and safety are areas often misunderstood for the workplace improvement.

Engaging the workforce throughout the organizational structure is a critical strategy to accomplish effective change. The powerful combination of innovation and workforce engagement can deliver not only safety improvements, but also a loyal workforce focused on helping to drive on-going positive changes, which ultimately improves the bottom line.

We are confident that the Conference will help to show new focus on technological innovations for sustainable development of the industrialized society.

Greetings and Best Wishes, Dr. D.K. Nayak

Convener and Principal V.P.M.’s Polytechnic, Thane

Dr. D.K. Nayak Ph.D. (Technology) in Electronics Engineering, VJTI, Mumbai 2017

Member, Governing Council, BOAT, Mumbai (2006-2009)

Member, Special Committee, MSBTE Mumbai (2006-till date) Over 35 years of experience in

Teaching Publications – 23 Conference Papers and 4 Journal Papers

Recipient of ISTE Rajarambapu Patil National Award for Promising Engineering Teacher for creative

work done in Technical Education (Polytechnics) for the year 2008

Received “ISTE-Ranganathan Engineering College National Award for Best Polytechnic

Principal” from Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE), New

Delhi for the year 2014



Message from the Organizing Secretary Harnessing Technological Innovations in HSE to Drive Safety and Productivity

Workplaces are hazardous by nature. The various equipments, toxic chemicals and gases etc. can pose life-threatening risks that industries must understand and deal with to ensure safe environment. Fortunately, safety practices have begun changing In this era of Industry 4.0 with the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) based technologies, such as wearables and sensors which are being integrated into "smart" personal protective equipment (PPE). Smart wearables can track a worker's movements, monitor their posture and even monitor vital signs such as skin temperature, heart rate and respiration rate. These wearables are usually designed as a wrist band or safety vest and can include a hard hat that integrates GPS, sensors, real-time locating systems and wearable computers. Some of these devices have communication capabilities to expedite emergency response time with SOS alerts, should an emergency occur. Contact tracing devices have been implemented in warehouses to track employee interactions. These technologies help to understand unsafe conditions or near misses, helping companies take an unbiased, honest look at their specific safety.

In addition, augmented reality (AR) can be used to visualize hazards in complicated areas of the project using AR glasses. Virtual reality (VR) simulators have been used for many years to train pilots, but now they're also used for safety training. Workers can experience severe work conditions like height, high pressure environment etc. in a safe, controlled environment with Virtual Reality. Robotics eliminates the need for the worker to venture into hazardous work environments, reducing the risk of injury and can also be used for cleaning and sanitizing purpose. Contact tracing devices have been implemented in warehouses to provide management with granular information about employee interactions while remaining respectful of individual privacy

The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed how businesses across wide spectrum of workplaces operate No workplace can truly be considered safe for employees if it is not also a clean, healthy environment. As a result, infection fighting technologies have quickly become best practice for safety-minded; be it hospitals, private offices or industries. Work from home has posed newer challenges, never faced before.

Through this platform, we wish to create awareness and 3600 view about the latest technological developments in the field of safety in a wide spectrum of industries ranging from construction industry, process industry, and service industry to even hospitals as well as new legislations.

I am thankful to the management committee of VPM for giving me the opportunity to organize the conference on this very important topic and to all the speakers for giving valuable safety insights from all walks of life.

Mrs. V.A. Joshi Organizing Secretary

HOD, Instrumentation Department V.P.M.’s Polytechnic, Thane

Mrs. V.A. Joshi M.E(Instrumentation and Control)

Over 30 years of experience in Teaching

Life Member-Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)

Associate Member-Instrument Society of America (ISA)

Publications – 5 Conference Papers and 1 Journal Paper



Technical Innovations in Workplace Safety

Technological developments have made the workplace much safer and secure. Several safety standards have been developed based on these innovations. However, the lax attitude of the people in general towards enforcement of safety standards is not allowing us to reap the benefits of the technical innovations. Three technical innovations – Improved communication systems, IoT and Safety Instrumented Systems and how they have improved the safety at workplace is described in this paper. It should not be left to the people whether to follow or not to follow safety standards. It must be mandatory, and violation must dealt with firmly.

KEYWORDS: SIS; IoT; Communication

1. INTRODUCTION

Safety at workplace has always been a matter of grave concern, whether the workplace is a manufacturing unit, an office, a shooting studio, a shopping mall and now “home” which has become a popular workplace in the pandemic situation prevailing for over a year. In my opinion, Safety is more of an “attitude” issue than a “technology” issue.

In spite of tremendous developments in technology, it is painful to see so many fires taking place in buildings, factories, warehouses; so many road accidents despite the most advanced technology used in automobiles; so many accidents in construction work and so many people getting infected in a pandemic.

Nevertheless, one must accept the fact that the technological innovations have made the workplaces much safer. They have helped in reducing the severity of emergencies and shortening the response time to an emergency situation.

2. MAJOR TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS IMPACTING WORKPLACE SAFETY

I would like to mention here a few technical innovations that will have a great impact in making the workplace more secure.

2.1 IMPROVED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (MOBILE & WIRELESS)

With the advances in Mobile technology, employees can access the work from anywhere. During an emergency, the information can be quickly passed on to the concerned persons. Many companies use systems that send SMS message alerts in case of abnormal situations

Chandrashekhar Limaye Director, Supertech

Instrumentation Services (I) Pvt. Ltd.

B.E (Instrumentation Engineering), Diploma in Management Studies

(Mumbai University) Specialized in application of

advanced instrumentation and control systems in process

industries. Senior Life Member-ISA

Served ISA in various capacities such as President of ISA

Maharashtra Section, Chairman of ISA India Region and the District Vice President of the ISA District

14 (Asia-Pacific) Associated with various

Educational institutions guiding them in Curriculum development,

faculty training etc. [email protected]



that can lead to an emergency. In case of an emergency, people within specific groups, sub groups or within a geofence area can be alerted by sending out broadcast push notifications, SMS and e-mails.

2.2 IOT DEVICES FOR EMPLOYEE HEALTH & SAFETY

Wearable IoT devices such as an ID card or Watch are available which:

Allows employees as well as monitoring team to raise an SOS alert through web-based application dashboard

Triggered upon detection of anomaly in health parameters such as heart rate, fall, height or immobility.

Allows Geo Fencing, creating restricted zones in the work environment, and instant alerts in case of any breach.

2.3 SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMS (SIS)

Chemical industries handling hazardous chemicals are increasingly using safety instrumented systems (SIS) to complement their process control systems. A SIS is utilized when the risk of an accident needs to be reduced. SIS is defined by ISA S84.01 and IEC 61508 as: SIS loop: “An SIS is a distinct, reliable system used to safeguard a process to prevent a catastrophic release

of toxic, flammable, or explosive chemicals.”

The risk involved in case of failure of an automation system to prevent an emergency is determined by the Safety Integrity Level (SIL). It is a statistical representation of the integrity of the SIS when a process demand occurs. IEC 61508 defines SIL levels 1 through 4, with SIL level 1 representing the lowest acceptable risk level, and SIL level 4 representing the highest acceptable risk level. In India, in some of the high-risk installations such as petroleum terminals it has been made mandatory to install emergency shutdown systems suitable for SIL 3 level in addition to the process automation systems. Many other hazardous industries have started using Safety Instrumented System voluntarily to increase the safety of their plants.

3. CONCLUSION

Technical innovations are making the workplace safer. The technical innovations should get converted into standards. It should be made mandatory to follow the safety standards if we have to reap their benefits. In India, all organizations are legally obliged to conduct regular health and safety risk assessments to identify any occupational hazards that might be present in the workplace and take steps to alleviate them. They are required to regularly undertake safety audits and plug loopholes that could be found as a result. There should be statutory mechanism to ensure that these regulations are strictly followed. Some of the technical innovations such as the mobile and wireless communication, Internet of Things and Safety Instrumented systems are three examples of such technical innovations that have significantly contributed to the improving the safety at workplace.



Leveraging Technology by using “MOBILE App” for Safety

at Construction Sites Construction industry or sector is the one, which is highly unorganized and where hazardous conditions are part of everyday working environment. The industry is prone to many hazards and incidents can happen if safety is ignored. Construction materials, tools, machinery and handling techniques all come with their own dangers. Different job sites have different set of procedures, conditions or topographical issues & identifying the sources that poses challenges to Safety of the workforce remains critical. Identification of unsafe conditions and unsafe acts at construction sites is always a huge challenge as we experienced less participation from stakeholders particularly Contractors & Supervisors as they never have access to management systems. Due to conventional, time consuming and tedious process there is always an inconsistency in reporting, recording and closing of issues & thereby trends & results are not available or achieved as desired.

In order to address the operational challenges of delivering Safe projects with the aim of “Zero Incidents” the organisations are looking at the task of exploring Technological innovations and providing a platform for quick redressal of safety concerns and improvement in existing safety processes. The paper explains how a mobile App was developed by collaborating with all internal stakeholders and how it succeeded in improving the safety performance of the organisation.

KEYWORDS: Challenges, Technological & Innovative initiatives, Hazard Identification

1. INTRODUCTION

The intrinsic nature of construction activities gives rise to safety hazards galore. Massive infrastructure projects like, Express Highways, New Airports, Urban rapid transportation like Metros, Flyover etc. are poised to grow exponentially within next 10 years. Many activities like Civil work, MEP work, as well as Finishing works are carried out simultaneously by multiple agencies, and that too under pressure to meet the deadlines, resulting in a ‘perfect storm,’ having many dangerous hazards at its core. Hazard identification is fundamental to construction safety management and it is often the unidentified hazards that present the most unmanageable risks. Maximum hazard identification levels were found to be 89.9% for a construction project within the nuclear industry, 72.8% for a project within the railway industry, and 66.5% for a project within both the railway and general construction industry sector. The results indicate that hazard identification levels are far from ideal and an IT tool for construction project safety management is helpful. The safety aspects and

Rishikesh Ahirrao Deputy General Manager – EHS,

ITD Cementation India Ltd. B.E (Civil), ADIS (CLI), PGDBA

Lead Auditor-ISO 45001 Business Excellence Assessor

Played the role of Management Coordinator for Kaizen & BBS

Implementation Nominated on Panel of NSC India

& Maharashtra Chapter as External Faculty Member

[email protected]



risk minimization benefits of drone technology continues to grow in many countries and develop in line with the requirements of many emergency services such as fire, search and rescue. Apart from this many industries have started using technological innovations like Virtual reality, 3D Models, Mobile App, QR codes etc. This examples certainly suggest that construction industry lags behind many others in the rate of adoption of cutting edge technologies in the area of safety management. Advances in information technology could provide great benefits to this important aspect of construction operations and innovative use of these tools could result in safer jobsites. The paper demonstrates advantage of Leveraging technology for Developing an In-house Mobile Application with

collaborated approach of all concerned for Hazard Identification at construction projects.

2. CHALLENGES / PROBLEMS WE FACED…

Frequent changing workforce at construction projects

Real time information about hazard available only with the individual observing hazard

Less participation from all stakeholders

System inaccessibility leading to reluctance in filling up the formats etc.

Reporting done only when on duty.

Non-availability of any user-friendly system at sites.

Inconsistency in Hazard reports received

Delayed recording and closure of safety issues System generated Trends Analysis not available

Cumbersome to make available trends and their analysis for safety improvements.

3. WHY TECHNOLOGICAL & INNOVATIVE INITIATIVES???

Most of the hazards are generally ignored until something untoward happens,

typically, an accident. Even after accidents, corrective actions are taken only in few cases whilst many hazards remain not acted upon, therefore accidents waiting to happen. It is therefore essential to have efficient system leveraging technology for timely actions & innovative initiatives to strengthen OHS culture. The main objective was always to focus on the organizational goal of ZERO INCIDENT by bringing enthusiasm in site team apart from enhancing Accountability & Responsibility in line managers. The whole

As per 2017 report, in India 48,000

people died due to occupational

accidents and the construction sector

contributed to 24.20% of the fatalities.

The

construction

workers are

therefore one

of the most

Vulnerable

Segment of

this

unorganized

industry.

In India, the rate of fatal accidents in

construction Sector is four to five times

that of the manufacturing sector.



purpose of bringing technology was to bring in user friendly practices and involved every stakeholder working for the company apart from having a paperless record

4. RATIONALE FOR ADOPTING A MOBILE APP

No formal training required: The world has seen rapid rise of mobile users who use variety of apps for online shopping, banking apps, etc. The main advantage of a Mobile App is that there is no formal training required for usage.

Ease of Hazard Reporting & Closing: The organization wanted to identify all hazards however insignificant and ensure proper capturing & transmittals to the authorities concerned for prompt corrective action & analysis. The App had to be a perfect mix of an automated, streamlined, paperless process that made reporting hazards at sites instantaneous, traceable and easier.

Acts as a Lean Tool for ensuring Psychological Safety with Stakeholder Empowerment: The App was named “I Report” App and the prime requirement was to boost psychological safety to empower construction workers, supervisors, contractors, and management staff by encouraging hazard reporting and their immediate closure thus creating a medium for fast action using the user friendly App.

Increased scope of continual improvements Help address Lead Indicators versus Lag Indicators for consolidated performance and benchmarking apart from futuristic safety improvements across construction activities.

5. LOGIC APPLIED

6. PROCESS FLOW



7. BENEFITS

Tangible Intangible

100% Stakeholder Participation

Improved Quality of reporting

Root Cause Analysis

Enhanced Responsibility and Accountability

Trend Analysis Avoid Serious Incidents

Increase in Reporting

Waste Minimization in terms of Time, Cost & Resources

Consistency in Reporting

Improved Morale

Paperless Record: Green Initiative

User Friendly App

8. CONCLUSION

Safety philosophy helps to create culture of Accountability & Responsibility apart from respect to human life & improved morale. It is important to regularly monitor the effectiveness of all technological initiatives and the top management needs to intervene to help reinforce its implementation & wherever necessary. This is also essential for gaining competitive advantage and create a safer work place for the employees and stakeholders engaged on the project Workplace safety has come a long way since the use of simple hard hats and safety glasses. Today, Safety technology in the workplace has not only improved employees' health but has also made them happier and more productive. Technology gives workers the right tools for adequate data collection and faster reaction times. It can also have a significant impact in the reduction of injuries and deaths in workplace and thereby help push bottom line of the company.

9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to V.P.M.’s Polytechnic, Thane for giving me the opportunity to present this paper. Also I would like to extend my gratitude to Dr. D.K. Nayak, Principal and Staff Members of V.P.M.’s Polytechnic, Thane with whom I interacted during the process.

I am grateful to management of ITD Cem India & Godrej and Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. for giving me the opportunity to work on developing & implementing the Mobile App.

The information mentioned in this technical paper is based on the work done in development & results of the APP, self-experience & the information available on social web site. By reading & accessing this technical paper, you agree (1) that any disputes arising from your accessing this page, or relating to the information contained in this, shall be governed exclusively for the training & learning purpose (2) that any litigation arising through your accessing this pages, or relating to the information contained in this pages are accepted and author is not responsible and (3) not liable to any party for any claim attributable to errors, omissions, or other inaccuracies in the materials or information available on or through this pages.

10. REFERENCES

1. Journal of Construction Engineering & Management- Gregory Carter & Simon Smith

2. The Latest Technology in Construction Safety –Buildsoft-David Cartwright

3. How to use Technology to improve Workplace Safety – Sandra Melo

4. Book on Lean Construction by Luis Alarcon.

5. www.safesitefacilities.co.uk



Legal Understanding about Punishment and Penalties to Industrial Professionals for Offenses Under OSH Code,

Factories Act and IPC The post Fatality scenario is most challenging part for the industrial professional in any establishments. And some time its very difficult for professional to tackle these problems as per the prevailing law applicable to the establishment and the personas involved in the activities.

The challenges normally faced by the professionals are like

Police officer make party to the any random Industrial Professional as per Section 304-A of IPC 1860 police to close the matter.

Its for the purpose of harassment which are problem not in line with the criminal procedure codes.

Its very wise to make familiar the technical professional about the law and the legal formalities to addressed in the court.

The professional must understand the importance of general laws and specific laws.

The prosecution procedures and provisions of penalties and punishments under various laws. Like IPC, Factories act, BOCW act or OSH codes.

The professional needs to understand the difference between the employers and principal employer.

Understanding the The Courts judgments are Based on Certain Principles:

Authority Can Not Prosecute Twice for The Same Offence.

As per Section 300 of Criminal Procedure Code (CRPC) & S.71 Of Indian Penal Code (IPC) Provides Protection on the Principles Of "A Person Must Not Be Put In Peril Twice For The Same Offence That Is To Say 'No One Ought To Be Punished Twice For One Offence.

Special Law Prove More Powerful Or Superior Than The General Law As The Prosecution Is Under The Culpable Homicide By Police -Hence OSH Code, 2020 Is Superior Than IPC.

Paras Kamble Chief Safety Expert (Head),

MMRCL (MOHUA) Underground Railways Construction

B.E (Mechanical), MBA, ADIS (Ministry Of Labor, Government

Of India), LLB (Pursuing) Expert of Industrials Labour laws with OHSEF and IR Responsibility

Project Management Systems- Qualified Internal Auditor for IMS

by BVC. Certified External and Internal

Auditor for ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001.

Member of IEI, FSAI. Nodal Officer in MHA in

Intelligence Bureau for Expat monitoring and MOUD and BMC

for Disaster Management. [email protected]



Safety Innovations In Process Industries

Process safety and risk management remain a significant challenge for the process and manufacturing industries. Digital systems have been applied over last few decades to assist in process safety management throughout the lifecycle of a process plant.

There has been much hype in recent years regarding Industry 4.0, digitalization and digital twins regarding the transformative potential that exists within these technologies to improve operational performance and reduce process safety accidents.

In this article, a fundamental system thinking approach is provided for the implementation of new era of Digitalization or Industry 4.0 within the process industries. Regulatory compliance in the process industry is in flux owing to fragmented processes and growth in business. Process industries worldwide are beleaguered with issues, such as skills gap, regulatory compliance, and most importantly, an increase in workplace safety costs. We will discuss use-cases and forms of the various forms to improve safety within the process industries. The article summarizes Advanced Technology equipment and their use in Process Safety related opportunities and threats associated with the application of digitalized dynamic models in Industry.

KEYWORDS: Design Methodology, Virtual Reality, Augmented Interface, Process Modelling

1. INTRODUCTION

One of the most critical factors that need to be considered in any process industry is the safety of the employees, workers, contractors, vendors, on-site supervisors, operators and many more personnel who are working from Construction till Commissioning to Production, Post-production, and Packaging. Some working environments such as construction sites are inherently prone to dangerous situations. After all, individuals with jobs in the construction sector are mostly moving heavy loads, dealing with potentially dangerous machinery, handling rough materials, working in confined spaces, and working at heights.

Though varying considerably, most work environments are associated with a significant level of danger that negatively affects both the employers and the employees. Safety education could be an effective intervention in ensuring occupational safety. However, for the sake of enhanced safety, there is a need for introducing more advanced teaching methods that increase occupational safety.

There are several risks related to process safety: environmental, regulatory, human safety, plant assets,

Onkar Gokhale Sr. Engineer – I&C – Worley

Engineering, Singapore B.E (Instrumentation)

More than 20 years of overall Engineering Design experience in Proposal Review, Pre-FEED, FEED, Basic Detail Engineering and Site

Engineering Support with Site Supervision during Construction,

Pre-Commissioning, Start-up activities and other Extra-Low

Voltage Systems (Fire & Gas, Fire Alarm & PAS) and DCS, ESD and

Burner Management System [email protected]



public image and litigation. An incident may involve all or several of these categories.

For example, a plant explosion may cause fatalities, major equipment destruction, major environmental impact, a negative corporate image, regulatory compliance issues, legal consequences or significant shutdown time. Thus, several safeguards including modern advanced process control (APC), pressure-relief systems and automatic trips have been put in place to prevent these issues. So why do process safety incidents continue to happen? A process safety incident is several times more likely to occur during startup than any other time. During startup, most APC systems are turned off and plant processes are in manual-run mode. Alarms are likely turned off or ignored as these signals are designed to monitor process variations at a steady state. Sometimes units are required to run close to their trip's set point to achieve production output. This can lead to more shutdowns and create more startups. Even though there is a lot of information and data collected about the process, much of the information is located in different data silos and minimally analyzed or integrated in a way that allows the facility to effectively monitor process safety risks.

Plants likely have accumulated years' worth of data in their distributed control systems regarding plant operations and in their maintenance systems regarding how and when things get repaired. This is where the power of Industry 4.0 comes into play. These data silos can now be combined and analyzed. This data integration can reveal which parts of the plant are vulnerable and prone to more problems or higher risk. Data may also indicate which parameter set is optimal to avoid issues and may help predict the next problem. Some plants are even beginning to build virtual

environments. Prior to startup, operators can have a hands-on experience through simulation to identify the right settings for temperature, pressure, flow rate, valve position, etc. These VR methods help operators with decision guidance in different scenarios to reduce errors and confusion.

2. EXAMPLES OF INDUSTRY 4.0, PROCESS SAFETY INTEGRATION

There are significant process parameters that can help plants improve threat identification such as pump temperature, fouling, valve position, pressure drops, compressor energy usage, relief-valve triggering or plant trips. If parameters are integrated into a single data silo, monitored and analyzed, early warnings will become more recognizable and manageable. Here are some examples of real-time monitoring projects that can help catch potential threats before they develop:

Startup optimization: Usually a plant's APC is off during startups, but data from previous safe and efficient startups can be used to develop guidance for the facility to correctly ramp up to normal operations.

Pump maintenance: Analytic monitoring enables planning maintenance based on what is appropriate rather than an established schedule. For example, pump maintenance may be based on usage, temperatures, filters, etc. If feed materials are unusually dirty, maintenance may be required sooner than normally scheduled. The opposite can also be the case when pumps are taken out of service too often.

Process safety is a prime candidate for Industry 4.0 applications. By using data to identify early warning signs, plants will be able to keep processes closer to their



optimal parameter windows. Process safety experts will now have the ability to implement far better decision guidance than ever before.

Here are some important innovations that can improve safety in the industrial sector.

Virtual Reality

3-D Scaffold Design

QR Codes

Smart Wearables

Smart Devices For Safety Audits

Drones Or Uavs

Augmented Reality

Robotics

3. VIRTUAL REALITY TRAINING

Virtual Reality is gaining popularity and is widely accepted. Though this development is plausible, it is important to gain an understanding of how virtual reality safety training improves occupational safety. There exists an array of safety training interventions, but virtual reality-based training is believed to be the new way in providing insight regarding occupational safety. Virtual reality (also called VR) is a digitalized environment that can mimic real life situations. It’s not just for gaming. It can be utilized as an immersive and interactive teaching method (Seidel & Chatelier, 2013). Virtual reality offers an interactive and highly customizable form of information delivery.

3.1 WHY VIRTUAL REALITY IS EFFECTIVE IN ENHANCING OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

Virtual reality makes training more engaging and enjoyable. Sometimes workers complain that boring training methods (like a toolbox that is read aloud) are barriers to learning. Virtual reality avails a chance to learn in an immersive, varying environment that captures and

holds the learners' interest. The ability to engage more in a training could help to capture more information, and learning in settings varying from the conventional classroom, help in the retention of information. This makes even the hardest lessons easier to learn.

The utilization of virtual reality in training occupational safety is becoming increasingly important. Research indicates that virtual reality helps people in retaining their knowledge longer compared to the traditional learning methods (like reading), reduces the number of errors made by healthcare students, and also reduces the time it takes to learn new information. In learning basic wound care and the Heimlich maneuver, the traditional training methods offer a 20% knowledge retention rate a year after training compared to virtual reality-based training, which offers 80% knowledge retention (Banerjee, 2017). Most studies on virtual reality training efficiency note that information retrieved through virtual reality-based training is stored in a more detailed form in an individuals' memories compared to video training. Virtual reality training is also easy to repeat.

4. 3-D SCAFFOLD DESIGN

Three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold designs are artificially intelligent processes that can provide insight for planning and managing projects more efficiently and economically, reducing hours spent constructing or modifying scaffolds. This reduces a scaffold builder's exposure to hazards such as working at heights and other dangers inherent to building and dismantling scaffolds.

3-D modeling is an intelligent process that provides insight for creating and managing projects faster and more economically. 3-D modeling also provides an opportunity for



collaboration and input from all contractors involved with the project.

The use of 3-D design facilitates collaboration. At any point in the project, the on-site installation can be checked against the 3-D model. Every component of the installation is contained within the model, providing an important quality control tool and point of reference for the client.

In addition, 3-D design can highlight safety features of the scaffold such as handrails, ladders and access points, as well as the location of yo-yos for scaffold users during the planning phase. Location-specific safety issues, such as "head knockers" or tripping hazards, can also be identified and planned prior to the installation. Ultimately, 3-D models can provide customers with better insight into their projects through more accurate documentation and the ability to simulate projects before they are built, allowing project teams to pre-plan for safety conditions and potential hazards earlier in the process.

5. QR CODES

Quick response (QR) codes can be used to imbed information about hazards in the

workplace. They can also be placed on-site at the location of the hazard, allowing a worker with a QR code reader to quickly scan a code and determine what safety or health hazard may be present and what steps should be taken to mitigate exposure.

As anyone with experience on-site will tell you, even the simplest things can sometimes go wrong, and these can soon add up to downtime and unwanted costs. Using QR codes to help workers avoid a hazard can help reduce downtime and increase safety.

6. SMART WEARABLES

Smart wearables can track a worker's movements, monitor their posture and even monitor vital signs such as skin temperature, heart rate and respiration rate. These wearables are usually designed as a wrist band or safety vest and can include a hard hat that integrates GPS, sensors, real-time locating systems and wearable computers. Some of these devices have communication capabilities to expedite emergency response time with SOS alerts, should an emergency occur.



Smart wearables can provide constant monitoring of the workforce, managing high-heat exposure in working environments that exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Smart wearables help ensure body temperatures are within the safe range, or they help measure biometric vitals for craftsmen working in confined spaces.

6.1 SMART DEVICES FOR SAFETY AUDITS

Safety audits are an integral part of a health and safety program, as they measure what is important when ensuring safe work practices are followed. Safety audits provide the raw data for evaluation to determine trends in behavior that could impact the safety and well-being of the workforce. With the use of smart devices, such as phones or tablets, auditors are able to report their findings in real time, allowing much quicker analysis of safety data and response to alleviate any trends or issues found in the audits. A monthly report can easily become a daily report, and if it tracks leading or lagging indicators, preventive actions can be taken along with corrective actions.

These devices can be manufactured to be Class I Division 2 intrinsically safe, or they can be placed in intrinsically safe cases for use in the oil and gas industry.

7. DRONES OR UAVS

Drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are being utilized to conduct inspections and identify potential hazards through aerial videography and photography, which offer different vantage points in real time. This allows safety concerns to be addressed that could have otherwise gone

unnoticed. The use of drones or UAVs to view high elevations benefits the workforce. They don't have to work from heights and be exposed to potentially

hazardous environments or jobs, such as vent inspections that are releasing gases. The drone's photography can also be used to create built-in models, which can keep the workforce up-to-date on changing work conditions as the project progresses.

7.1 INVENTORY TRACKING

Inventory management is an arduous task when it comes to mining. Estimating stockpiles and other similar materials are very difficult to be handled by the workforce alone. Therefore, many operators are now streamlining their job of inventory tracking by using drones.



7.2 STOCKPILE VOLUMETRIC MEASUREMENT BY DRONE SURVEY IN INDIA

The drones assist the staff to get a clear and accurate calculation of the stockpiles at regular intervals. This has also improved the protection and security of the workers as they can now labor positioning themselves at the safer locations for surveying the stockpiles.

7.3 SITE SURVEYING

The site survey is the primary step that is involved while carrying out the operations of digging and extraction metals from beneath. Multiple companies are now rendering the services of site surveying and execute periodic surveys to provide accurate and more polished details of a landscape.

7.4 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Various vehicles, trucks, and massive machines are used to achieve the desired results regularly. Thus, to reduce the chances of vehicle casualty and accidents, drones are very crucial.

Timely construction work data is essential for recording and designing the new haul roads, scaffolding, loading platforms, stockpile positions, etc.

7.5 BLAST PLANNING

While creating a pit, an overview of the location is very crucial. The geologists now

produce the quarry or pit by using the drone derived digital mechanism.

7.6 WATER MANAGEMENT

Digging out the mines also enhances the danger of water bodies exposing and causing disasters. Therefore, a company



can use drones to take an aerial view of the water bodies surrounding the mining site. Mapping the flow of watersheds, dams, and drainage systems help to carry out the entire operation without any obstacles.

Thus, using drone technology can entirely change the current state of a mining company. It saves time, energy, fuel, and workforce for surveying a mine and landscape.

When a device is pertained to carrying out a procedure, the time involved reduces by a significant amount. For business, time is money, and thus, it’s very beneficial for the mining industries to acquire the services rendered by drones to intensify the profit and productivity. Drones are also inexpensive as compared to the traditional methods of surveying and analyzing. The maintenance and repair costs don’t push to such great heights as correlated to the conventional mechanisms used for process industries.

Drones have the potential to be just as much as important as any other tool on a jobsite. In terms of safety, drones can be used to reach locations that are hard to access or would normally require additional equipment.

8. AUGMENTED REALITY

Augmented reality (AR) is useful in highlighting hazards in complicated areas of the project. This technology also allows managers to identify all the unusual or

complex features and any unsafe points in the project schedule. AR can be seen in computer software on tablets or, in some cases, visualized through AR glasses, which allow supervision and inspectors to "see" a structure or scaffold while standing at an unraised site. In this fashion, both AR and virtual reality can be used to scan physical buildings against designs. This will help minimize risks and enhance the overall quality and safety of construction.

9. ROBOTICS

Robotics remove the worker from hazardous work environments, reducing the risk of injury. Robotics limit workers' exposure to confined-space hazards when working on interiors of tanks or vessels. When the project requires working at heights, such as the side of a tank or ship hull, robotics will limit risk to the worker as well.



Robotics can be especially effective in the abrasive blasting and waterjetting trades, where high pressure and blast media create very hazardous conditions. In addition, robotic abrasive blasting with a vacuum system can mitigate exposure to respirable particulates found in the dust created while blasting.

10. REAL-TIME ASSET TRACKING

Any process plant industry during Construction phase is a very dynamic situation. Hence, executives must amass real-time data whenever required. The Mining industries that have accepted this technology have now acknowledged its supremacy and how it’s apt to accomplish the extraction of metals and other materials. The real-time asset tracking adds value to the overall business of mining.

11. ADVANCED TRAINING

Properly training employees should not be limited to the onboarding process. It should also serve as an absolutely vital component to ongoing workplace safety.

Not only will all employees be on the same page of both federal and

company regulations, but training modules will provide a platform to hold

everyone accountable as well.

A comprehensive approach reduces the risk of liability, as it provides a level of transparency between



the employer and employee on what guidelines and procedures are in place for safety. Additionally, this provides an accessible reference point to properly guide workers through the channels and steps necessary to complete a task.

12. CONCLUSION

There have and will continue to be technological advances in equipment, tools and methods intended for use at manufacturing sites. Several notable ones of late include database driven software tools, advanced process control systems, new leak detection systems, and the increasing use of wireless forms of communication for maintenance, operator rounds, process control, and data communication. There are process safety lifecycle aspects that should be considered throughout the development, engineering and implementation of these technologies. This session is soliciting papers that focus not only on emerging technologies and tools but also on their integration and practical application at the plant and/or company level. Submitted papers should focus on potential positive and/or negative impacts on process safety. Consideration should be given to such items as management of change, hazard assessments, integrity management, control of hazards and integration with

management systems as applicable to the subject.

One day, the industry will see the number of incidents hit zero. Until then, new technologies will need to be created and

used to help make everyone safer.

Thoughtfully implementing each of these strategies will help to prevent downtime, chances of injury, and improve overall safety on a construction site.

13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The information mentioned in this technical paper is based on the various data available on social media and through entire 20 years of experience in process plant industry. I am thankful to V.P.M.’s Polytechnic for giving me an opportunity to present this paper in front of many industry experts, my teachers and share my knowledge with new generation engineers from V.P.M’s Polytechnic. I would like to extend my thanks for Mrs. V.A. Joshi and staff members of V.P.M’s Polytechnic with whom I had interacted during the process.

14. REFERENCES

1. Improving occupational safety virtual reality by Sander Kraaijenbrink

2. Safety compliance and changing industry practices by Divya Bhatt Sept. 2017 – Control Engineering

3. Latest Innovations in Safety – Considerate Construction Scheme Best Practise Hub



Ergonomic Challenges of Working in Hybrid Workspace

Working from home was unheard of across many sectors of the Indian economy. Even in the other sectors, it was largely adopted as the exception rather than the norm when limited work from home facilities were offered to employees in special cases, but COVID-19 outbreak and the nationwide lockdown changed everything. Today, almost all enterprises have resorted to working from homes to keep business processes running. Now as lockdown restrictions get eased in phases, social distancing norms and the risk of infections are prompting organizations to consider extending the WFH period for weeks, or even months more. Even as organizations try to define processes and support systems in line with this move, there has not been any widespread attempt to understand what the employees feel.

An over whelming majority of India’s professional workforce has not been used to working from home. This has been a drastic shift for them, especially when coupled with the pandemic-driven disruption to their personal and family life. At Godrej Interio, we surveyed over 1500 employees, working in different sectors like IT/ITES, MNCs, Educational Institutes, Government

Organisations, Financial Institutions, PSUs from 50 cities in India to capture the voice of the Indian professional. We tried to identify the challenges being faced by them while working from home, as well as the benefits that they are enjoying. We also attempted to understand the effects of WFH on the health of the remote working employees with the objective of helping them overcome the challenges and stay healthy and productive.

A major change in lifestyle always has its downsides along with the advantages. Being able to work from home is a dream that many Indian professionals have had for a long time now. The COVID-19 outbreak has forced 90% of the Indian workforce indoors. As this has happened, many of their expectations of benefits have been met but several other challenges have emerged. It seems clear that the WFH story played out differently from what many thoughts initially.

Despite early expectations of great benefits and employee acceptance, it is evident from the findings in our survey that some important problems exist that are preventing employees from becoming productive. That apart, it is also apparent that employees miss several things about working in the office and are longing for human contact and social connect working with their colleagues brought them. In that light, perhaps it is not surprising that 81% of the respondents don’t prefer to work from home always, while 93% of employees want flexibility between working from home and offices.

Dr. Reena Valecha Principal Ergonomic Consultant,

Workspace & Ergonomics Research Cell, Godrej Interio,

Mumbai 10 years’ experience in

Occupational Health and Consulting corporates for

Ergonomic services. (Audits, Trainings and Risk analysis)

Member of Ergonomics Committee, BIS PGD – 15 GOI and

Active member of COVID task force CII western region.

Nominated as 100 women achievers by Ministry of Women

& Child Development for constant efforts in educating young

workforce of India on Occupational injuries. [email protected]



Distractions, infrastructural issues, feelings of isolation, and health issues have become apparent. The drastic change is a significant reason for the stress and anxiety that many employees report facing.

Organizations everywhere are looking to increase the Office Wellness and Productivity quotients. To this end, Godrej Interio’s Ergonomics Cell has been

partnering with various companies across India, charting out customized programs exclusively for their employees. Our team

of expert ergonomics has lots for you to choose from when it comes to engaging your staff in Wellness initiatives.

In view of this working from home necessity, we are providing online program based on ergonomic trainings about how to sit right and how to utilize the home space ergonomically so that you are not made to face pain issues arising out of

awkward and wrong postures adapted at home.



Using Technology to Upgrade Safety Knowledge and

Demonstrate Compliance Industrial Safety has many branches including Occupational Health and Safety, Process Safety, Functional Safety, Hazardous Areas, Chemical Safety, Industrial Cyber Security and so on. The field of Industrial Safety has grown in scope & complexity over the past few decades. New legislation in many jurisdictions, makes compliances stricter and wider in scope. Also, newer legislations related to Industrial Safety are being framed and on the verge of being announced in countries like India.

This paper is about using Information technology effectively, so that that safety related knowledge can be disseminated and a lot of safety compliances can also be done efficiently, saving costs for process industry related organizations.

KEYWORDS: Safety Training, Online Safety Training, Safety Training Compliance, Documentation, Safety Compliance, Safety Management, Learning Management System

1. INTRODUCTION

Safety is defined as freedom from harm. In our daily life, we always either consciously or unconsciously, look out for our safety and that of our loved ones. In the world of Industrial Safety, we modify the definition a bit, to include a few more words, so our definition of Industrial Safety becomes "Freedom from harm that is reasonably practicable". Why do we say this?

It is because there is always a possibility of an accident or harm happening in any industrial activity. We cannot reduce this possibility to zero, but we can take all reasonable steps to ensure that this possibility is very low in practice.

2. INDUSTRIAL SAFETY HAS MANY PARTS

Although Industrial Safety might seem simple to a non-technical person, in reality it is not just one area of specialization, but it is a very broad area with many specialized categories.

We will only discuss this from the perspective of the process industries (such as Oil & Gas, Chemicals, Petroleum Processing, Fossil fuel power generation, etc), where bulk materials are processed, rather than discrete parts manufacturing (such as for example a mechanical workshop that does machining of parts).

Industrial Safety in the Process Industries is composed of broadly the following categories:

Mandar Phadke CEO, Abhisam Software Pvt Ltd

B.E (Mumbai), Post-Graduation in Business Management (LaTrobe

University, Australia). Editor of the Abhisam Industrial

Cyber Security Report Worked with Marquee

Multinational Chemical Industries in leadership roles related to

Project Design and Engineering, Operations & Maintenance, IT,

Safety, Commissioning and Decommissioning

[email protected]



Occupational Health and Safety (think wearing Personal Protective Equipment, following Confined Space safety practices, work permit system, etc)

Process Safety & PSM (think about all the Safety studies that are carried out such as HAZOP, LOPA, QRA, Plant Design safeguards, etc)

Hazardous Area Management (this is about Hazardous Area Classification by classifying areas that have risk of fire or explosion, due to the materials handled, using the right kind of equipment in these areas, such as explosion proof motors, Intrinsically safe instruments or ATEX compliant mechanical seals and so on.

Functional Safety (this is about using automation systems in ensuring safety. Think Safety Instrumented Systems, Emergency Shutdown valves, High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS), etc)

Chemical Safety Management (this is about using systems such as GHS to classify and label chemicals, using Hazard Communication effectively to train workers, safe chemical warehousing and so on).

Industrial Cyber Security (this is about protecting your plant's automation, control and safety systems from cyber-attacks because in case these systems fail due to an attack, it can be disastrous. These systems are completely different from business IT systems, so the cyber Security of these systems is also handled differently).

Fire Engineering / Emergency Management / Disaster Management (this is about designing, installing, and testing Fire Hydrant Systems, Fire

Suppression Systems, Emergency Evacuation, etc)

Thus we can see that Industrial Safety by itself is a very large domain.

3. LEGISLATION & COMPLIANCE

All of the Industrial Safety categories mentioned above have extensive laws and regulations associated with them. For example, in the European Union (EU), the ATEX rules are mandatory for Hazardous Areas. There are rules for the owners/operators who own or operate these plants that have hazardous areas, as well as for the suppliers of equipment that is used in those areas. This is just one jurisdiction and one area of safety.

As another example, in all OECD countries, it is now compulsory to use the GHS (United Nations Globally Harmonized System for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals) for all chemicals that are manufactured or imported in their member countries. [3]

As another example, in the US, all Safety Instrumented Systems have to comply with ISA S84, [4] employers have to conform to HazCom (Hazard Communication Standard) where workers are informed about workplace hazards, chemical manufacturers have to adhere to GHS. All of this is mandatory by law.

In India GHS may become mandatory sooner or later and there are new rules being framed for the Chemical Industries, especially after the spate of accidents that occurred recently.

These are just a few examples, the actual list of safety related compliances is very large.

3.1 HOW IS COMPLIANCE TO THESE RULES ACHIEVED?

Since these rules are mandatory by law, the owner/operator of the facility has to



comply, or else penal action would be taken. Fines can be pretty large amounts and in addition to the financial cost, the reputation of the organization also suffers. This has impact on a number of issues such as the share price, insurance premiums and willingness of contractors and employees to work at such a place. So the actual costs can be very large indeed. We are only referring to non-compliance costs, not the costs of accidents that may occur because these compliances were not followed.

A facility could be a production plant, or a warehouse that stores chemicals, or a tank farm that stores liquid hydrocarbons, or a tank truck terminal that loads hydrocarbons like Petrol or Diesel into trucks.

Typically, a compliance workflow is achieved by following the steps below:

Understanding/ Learning/ Knowing about the subject itself

Studying the rules to understand what is to be done with regards to the above

Carrying out the compliance itself and then

o Demonstrating that you did everything as required

o You and your employees/colleagues know about it

o You have been trained in it / you undergo regular refresher training

o You are following the actual rules and have the necessary documentation

Please note, that all the above steps are to be done, in addition to what you normally do in your job (whether managing the production, or warehouse, or shipping, or whatever). Also every new compliance that comes along, has to be fulfilled using all

these above steps and there will be many such compliances in future too.

Cost of compliance, includes of course, not just the compliance related training, but also the actual systems that are used to comply such as an IT system to report lost time incidents, work permit documentation systems, Maintenance management systems and so on. The cost of compliance is usually much lesser than the amount of potential fines that could be levied on a business for non-compliance.[2]

It is also not just the job of the Safety Manager or EHS in charge, everybody concerned has to know the rules, follow them and also demonstrate to a third party that you are following them.

This also means that for ensuring compliances in various areas, those departments that get directly affected, will also be responsible. For example, adhering to GHS, will be also the responsibility of the Warehousing or Logistics/Supply Chain Management team, not just of the Safety Manager.

3.2 USING IT SYSTEMS FOR COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT

Lately there have been many IT systems that help you comply with various rules and regulations. They are broad based and not only for Industrial Safety. So you have software that helps you comply with various laws such as those for Provident Fund contributions or for paying tax on time and so on.

A few are also available that help you comply with rules related to safety such as an Incident Reporting System or a System that manages work permits, Maintenance management and so on.

However, there are hardly any systems for knowledge sharing, training or compliance. In many companies, this work is done



piecemeal by different departments and by different people. Though these systems work, they are tedious and if somebody (such as a Factory Inspector or an Insurance Surveyor) asks for documentation, then it is a massive task gathering all these documents and showing them in a reasonable amount of time.

4. A BETTER KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT SOLUTION

The author proposes a better solution as described below.

A Learning Management System (LMS) is normally used by organizations, to train their workers via online training courses. Currently many organizations do have such LMS but they are used mainly by the Human Resources department for imparting soft skills, or for onboarding new employees into the organization.

We can have a Learning Management System, that hosts all safety and safety related topics training programs online, where employees can access them anytime, via any smart device (smartphone, PC, laptop iPad, etc). The system also evaluates employees for their understanding, via tests and exams. Courses can be standard off the shelf courses, such as on GHS Essentials, or on Confined Space Safety, or Hydrogen Sulfide, for example. Additionally, customer specific courses that explain particular procedures, such as tank truck unloading, can also be hosted on the same system.

This allows a unified and rapid deployment of knowledge sharing across the organization, where thousands of employees can get trained simultaneously.

Additionally, the system generates records automatically for every employee, so that a manager can view them on a dashboard on his/her device, so that a dynamic picture of compliance training can emerge. The same records can also be shown to any third party who demands for such records.

A snapshot of such a Dashboard is shown below in Figure 1.

Of course one can have also have a detailed data in the form of a traditional spreadsheet too, with all records of employees, who took the training, whether they passed, their test scores, time and date training was taken and so on. This is possible using "drill down" features in the dashboard.

Figure 1- Safety Compliance Training Dashboard

The present safety training compliance system, in most large companies is a manual one, where depending on the time available, the manager or supervisor is expected to train employees themselves in these subjects, or hire external trainers to do this. Since this is a manual system, all records have to be generated and stored manually. Additionally, the employees have to be gathered in one place at one time.

This new system has none of these disadvantages, as employees can take the



training from anywhere at any time. Since these courses are self-paced e-learning courses, they utilize the combined knowledge of several subject matter experts, so employees get the best knowledge and practices in industry. They do not have to depend on the individual competency of one particular manager or trainer.

Note that these are not simple videos, or online Zoom calls of any kind. They have a mix of text, animations, simulations, exercises and so on, in order to have a complete learning experience. In the author's experience, such training formats are better appreciated by learners.

Furthermore, this new system also complies with COVID 19 pandemic restrictions, where unnecessary travel and unnecessary mingling of co-workers is avoided.

Remember that most compliances require a large amount of training & its documentation. If you can do this efficiently, then a lot of your time is saved. Not only that, you could easily demonstrate this to any third party who asks you, instantly!

For example, let imagine your company wants to implement GHS. Then the first step is training the managers and supervisors in GHS, next is making internal systems that comply with GHS including changing the labels on containers & modifying safety data sheets, third step is to train frontline workers on GHS. Steps 1 and 3 can be easily done by such a system and it will save a lot of time, money and organizational headaches.

Step 2 is to be done irrespective of whichever system is followed anyway.

5. DOES SUCH A SYSTEM EXIST?

Yes of course. We at Abhisam have such a system that is used by many organizations

to train their employees and not just in compliance related training. However, this system is well suited for such a role.

You can experience this yourself by visiting https://prettygoodcourses.com [1] and registering for any free course available. To see the dashboard in action, please contact the author who will arrange for it to be shown to you.

6. CONCLUSION

Safety Compliance related training, is a large part of meeting many local and international laws and regulations. It is possible to do this highly efficiently, using a Learning Management System that is tuned for this role. In most large organizations and even in smaller ones, such a system will pay for itself in less than a year and also reduce the hassles of meeting compliance requirements.

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author would like to thank the organizers of the conference for coming up with this theme.

8. REFERENCES

1. Abhisam Learning Management portal at https://prettygoodcourses.com

2. Cost of Safety Compliance- UK Health and Safety Executive Report https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr174.pdf

3. Chemical Watch-OECD makes GHS mandatory for member states https://chemicalwatch.com/68828/oecd-makes-ghs-mandatory-for-member-states

4. OSHA Communication on Safety Instrumented Systems Standard ISA S84 https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2000-03-23

https://prettygoodcourses.com/

https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr174.pdf

https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr174.pdf

https://chemicalwatch.com/68828/oecd-makes-ghs-mandatory-for-member-states



https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2000-03-23





Framework for Laboratory Leadership: Learning about

Biosafety Levels Under Biosafety Research programme main emphasis is given to facilitate the implementation of biosafety procedures, rules and guidelines under Environment (Protection) Act 1986 and Rules 1989 to ensure safety from the use of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) and products thereof in research and application to the users as well as to the environment. Biosafety is a major concern in every biomedical and medical setting across the world. Laboratory associated infections (LAI) have caused diseases and fatal outcome to laboratory workers due to absence or failure of any one of the four basic controls (Engineering, Personal Protective Equipment, Standard Operating Procedure and Administrative Controls) of biosafety and thus biosafety level (BSL) 2, 2+, 3 and 4 laboratories were established all over the country.

KEYWORDS: Biosafety, Biomedical Research

1. INTRODUCTION

Biosafety is a major concern in every biomedical and medical setting across the world. The need of instituting biosafety and biosecurity norms/measures is increasing due to the possible dual use of microbial pathogens and increasing awareness13. Laboratory associated infections (LAI) have caused diseases and fatal outcome to laboratory workers due to absence or failure of any one of the four basic controls (Engineering, Personal Protective Equipment, Standard Operating Procedure and Administrative Controls) of biosafety1,2,3. In India, apex research institutes working for medical, agricultural, biotechnology, biodefence are playing important role in biomedical research and public health. These agencies have worked to frame up the codes of conduct, ethics and biosafety practices for the protection of the person working, protection of the material being handled, protection of the environment and finally protection of the machines/equipment being used.

Under the Indian Environment (Protection) Act of 1986, the Government has the power to take all the safety measures as it deems necessary for the purpose of protecting and improving the quality of the environment and preventing, controlling and abating damage to the environment, including laying down procedures and safeguards for handling hazardous substances, and carrying out and sponsoring

Dr. Rashmi Chowdhary Associate Professor

(Biochemistry), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)

Bhopal M.Phil, Ph.D, PDF

Completed Scientific Education at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate

Medical Institute, Lucknow, World Health Organization (WHO), India & Columbia University, New York Received Mario Escobar Award at the Clinical Virology Symposium,

Florida, USA (2009), and Best Research Paper UP MICROCON

Lucknow (2009) Member Secretary of IBSC for

BSL2 & BSL3 laboratories Rashmi.BioChemistry@aiimsbhop

al.edu.in

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216491/#ref1






investigations and research relating to problems of environmental pollution4. The Government enacted in 1986 rules for the manufacture, use, import, export and storage of hazardous microorganisms, genetically engineered organisms or cells. Under these rules, competent authorities have been identified to ensure implementation of the provisions of the Act and to provide guidelines on ethical and social responsibilities of scientists, institutions, industries, who conduct research, and of those who conduct, fund, administer and regulate work in the area of biological sciences5. Under this some of very important bodies such as Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RDAC), Institute Biosafety Committee (IBSC), Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM), Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC), under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Wildlife have been constituted, and some important guidelines such as Safety guidelines, by the Department of Biotechnology (1990)6,7, the Drug Policy of 20028, and National Seeds Policy, 20029 have ensured that all biomedical research and genetically engineered crops/varieties are tested for environment safety and bio-safety before their commercial release. Conditions have been specified for export of items, including requirement of a license10. In 2002, the DBT has developed Ethical Policies on the Human Genome, Genetic Research and Services11. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, has developed code of conduct for scientists engaged in biomedical research. The Ethical Guidelines developed in 2000 for the biomedical researchers are consistent with the Declaration of Helsinki, adopted by the World Medical Assembly in 1964, and amended in October 2006 based on

principles of autonomy, privacy, justice and equity12.

ICMR laboratories have a major role in supporting public health and hospital care settings in India by establishing better diagnostic facilities for detection of emerging diseases.

The Department of Health Research (DHR) has launched a programme of establishing a network of more than 160 virology laboratories throughout the country. ICMR network and the institutes supported by the DHR have already established sixteen BSL-2/BSL-3 laboratories to deal with many pathogenic agents of public health importance (2010-2017). To achieve this goal, ICMR and a number of other leading institutes has established several biosafety level-3 (BSL-3) laboratories at strategic locations DHR, Government of India1. In the laboratories, trained scientific, technical and engineering staff with proper knowledge of biosafety principles and practices are working. This timely taken decision and establishment of BSL3 labs at various institutes are playing extremely important role in the present pandemic situation in the country.

2. CONCLUSION

The core concept for the establishment of a BSL-3 laboratory, in various phases up to validation and functionality of the facility will be discussed. Also, briefly about the different types of BSLs and the risk assessments to establish them accordingly. Such facilities and their design are crucial for a reduction in the occupational exposures to pathogenic material but will also ensure safe handling and environment protection.

3. REFERENCES

1. Callaway E. Biosafety concerns for labs in the developing













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9. National seed policy. Ministry of Agriculture. Govt. of India. 2002. [accessed on June 23, 2013]. Available from: http://tnau.ac.in/eagri/eagri50/GPBR112/ pdf /lec02.pdf .

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Disaster Preparedness The human race has been facing disasters since its evolution. They are as old as mankind. The Earth has endured many natural disasters in the last several centuries. The human mind is shocked to see the effects of them. The disasters, sometimes minor and sometimes major, have caused most damage in Asia, it being the largest continent in the world. Asia covers 30 percent of the earth's surface and has the largest population in the world. As India is a part of Asia, we need to understand its importance during the study of disaster management.

For the human being the word ‘disaster’ is not new. The word that used to be heard rarely in the past has now become a part and parcel of our daily lives or we have made it an integral part of our ignorance. In fact, when the word disaster is uttered, dangers like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, landslides come to the foreground. Despite the tremendous development in science and technology, we observe that the incidences of disasters, be it natural or manmade, all over the world are on the increase. They are causing huge losses to human lives, property, environment etc. However, if we understand disasters properly i.e. why they are occurring, which hazards are responsible for that and what risk may arise from that we can take care of them in time and avoid disasters or at least can minimise its effects. Once

the risk is known, the chances of disasters are negligible, as they can now be mitigated.

It is clear that disaster management is not just about responding, it is also about preparedness, prevention and mitigation. History, to this day has been marked by a lack of awareness, a safe place, and of preparedness. Those who have mitigated, prevented and prepared before disaster strikes, have saved their lives from danger. The classic example of Japan and Haiti- a Caribbean country. In 2011 the earthquake and Tsunami hit Japan coast with very high intensity but due to very effective preparedness, she could control the human and other losses to a great extent. At the same time Haiti faced comparatively less intensity earthquake, but incurred huge losses.

Even though the administration is handling disaster management effectively, it needs the co-operation of the citizens. The administration has made a lot of preparations to respond, e.g. Central Level, State Level, District Level Disaster Management Authority, National Disaster Response Force, Emergency Operation Centre, Emergence Support Functions, Training Preparation, Capacity Building etc. Disaster management means minimizing the loss of life, minimizing property damage and reversing the situation as soon as possible. However, this will only be possible if the citizens think of mitigation, prevention, preparedness and readiness.

Rajendra Lokhande Shift Incharge, (Training) Disaster

Management Dept., Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai

Post- Graduate Diploma in Disaster Management, IGNOU M.Sc. in Disaster Management

Worked with MCGM for 25 years and 21 years in Disaster

Management Department Life member-Indian Red Cross

Commendation Certificate from Office of The Director,

Maharashtra Fire & Emergency Services & Fire Adviser,

Government Of Maharashtra for Appreciation To The Excellent Duty Performed During The

Terrorist Attack on 26.11.2008 [email protected]



There are three stages of disaster: pre-disaster, during disaster, after disaster where pre-disaster is most effective stage. And so, in my opinion, the true disaster management is preparation, preparedness, prevention and mitigation.

The Hon'ble Prime Minister has included the following 10 points for disaster risk reduction in 2016.

It includes:

All development sectors must implement the principles of disaster risk management

Work towards risk coverage for all-starting from poor households to multi-national corporations to nation states.

Encourage greater involvement and leadership of women in disaster risk management.

Invest in global risk mapping.

Leverage technology to enhance the efficiency of disaster risk management efforts.

Develop a network of universities to work on disaster issues as they have social responsibilities too.

Utilize the opportunities provided by social media and mobile technologies and recognize the potential of social media and develop applications for all aspects of disaster risk management.

Build on local capacity and initiative.

Ensure that the opportunity to learn from a disaster must not be wasted. After every disaster there are papers on lessons that are rarely applied.

Bring about greater cohesion in international response to disaster.

I would like to thank VPM’s Polytechnic, Thane for taking up this topic, which will create awareness in the society and help in real disaster management.



Technology and Systems Synergy for achieving ‘Excellence’ in Safety

Occupational Health and Safety issues are very crucial since they influence human life at workplace. Over period of time, there has been tremendous change in which industry operates and it keeps on changing further. While some systems in line with national and international standards are developed to help organisations, these must work in tandem with changing industrial practices. This write-up and presentation makes an attempt to look at synergy between systems and technological development in achieving the ‘Excellence’ in safety.

KEYWORDS: Occupational Health and Safety, Synergy, Excellence

1. CONCEPT AND HISTORY

Occupational Health and Safety has assumed pivotal role in Industrial society over a period of time. Increased awareness towards matters pertaining to health and safety of people working in industries has led to improvement in overall performance in various parameters but has remained more so in organised sectors.

Looking back through spectrum Industrial revolution, journey from ‘safety being neglected’ to ‘safety first’ is very interesting and beneficial to human beings and all relevant stakeholders. With many actions being put in place, there has been paradigm shift from think and act only for production to safety being integral part of operations.

Various institutions – Both international (ILO, WHO etc.) to national (like ministries, NSC) have played key role in promoting role of occupational health and safety and also helped nations, states to build a regulatory framework to protect the interest of all working people.

2. ROLE OF SYSTEMS

Systems have played a leading role in achieving the great performance in safety. Various national and international standards being released from time to time, have not only helped governments but organisations too in checking the their performance in line with the standards and setting targets for achievement in due course.

Emergence of ISO series of standards has been a major breakthrough in developing ‘systems’ perspective all

Sameer Pendse Area Manager, Pune, Bureau

Veritas India Pvt. Ltd. Post Graduate in Environmental

Science, Master’s Degree in Personnel Management.

25 years’ experience in Quality, Environmental and Safety

Management Consultant to Manufacturing

Industries in the field of development of QHSE management systems.

Worked with R& D in Pulp and Paper Industry as well engineering

firm as Systems Manager [email protected]



across the globe. Unique feature of these standards has been the framework is same for all organisations world-wide irrespective of nature, scale, size etc.

Standards work on Dr. Deming’s P-D-C-A fundamentals– Plan–Do–Check and Act and therefore revisiting the performance is in-built in this model. It has become symbolic for checking any improvement in the organisation and/or system. This model gives opportunity to keep systems live and dynamic to facilitate continual improvement overall.

Gradually, standards have also undergone several revisions. Revisions are triggered through various sources and reasons and one of the prime reasons has been feedback from user community. It is customary that standards remain tandem with advancement of processes, technology, techniques

3. TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES

Needless to say, technological changes have taken major shift over last few decades and last decade especially. Such changes can be very simply described as ‘Manual to Robotics’ with lot of research and development efforts. The process is on always and bringing another revolution named as Industry 4.0!! Aimed primarily at increasing productivity, reduce cost, accuracy and avoiding manual interventions. It has helped industry in a significant manner!!

But by product has been also improving safety due to various in-built controls, inter-locks, alarms, signs and signals etc. It is helping society by and large in a great way!!

4. SYNERGY BETWEEN TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS

It will not be an exaggeration to say that it is systems only which helped organisations think radically and help Industries for technological advancement. Hence by no chance that with updates in technology, importance of systems will fade away. In fact, systems play integral role in technology and it gives further opportunity for improvement in bettering the technology to help all aspects – Safety productivity and cost!!

Hierarchy in safety systems – elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and finally PPE is a golden rule in managing safety and making best attempt to avoid incidents and accidents!!!

5. CONCLUSION

Technology and systems are not conflicting aspects of occupational Health and Safety. In fact, they support each other and can work in tandem. It cannot be said, the technology is free of any risks and no incidents and accidents can happen due to adoption of technology. However, advancement in technology can be best utilized for improving the safety performance and achieving the excellence in safety!!

6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I acknowledge all my mentors in the field of safety to impart and upgrade my knowledge from time to time.

7. REFERENCES

1. ISO 45001: 2018

2. ILO website

3. Industry adopted best practices!!



Digital Transformation in Process Industries from Safety

Perspective The grandeur of any organization is not just from its name and history, but also from its clean safety records. Technology today has pioneered in many domains and safety is one of them. It’s often-said technology comes at a price, but “Safety isn’t expensive, its priceless”.

Today’s world of digital transformation has introduced various avenues of workplace safety thanks to the technological advancement. Location Awareness provides a way for industries to digitally transform their safety operations by immediately identifying where personnel are located, real-time in the event of an emergency.

KEYWORDS: Digital Transformation, IIOT, Industrial Safety, Pervasive Sensing, Location Awareness

1. INTRODUCTION

Keeping people safe on job is the top priority for every facility. Although the concept of safety has made great walks over the past decades, there’s still plenty to be done to protect the assets. Wireless Instrumentation for industrial use has been with us over a decade. These extra sensors are put in use to improve reliability, efficiency and overall optimize the production. It is time we use these technological advancements for our personnel effectiveness and improve the safety.

Leveraging the proven Industrial WirelessHART architecture, the Location Awareness system from Emerson, is a robust digital safety monitoring solution that streamlines and revolutionizes safety practices for industrial facilities and provides personnel safety at an ease and simplified manner.

Industry needed an affordable and accurate system, as other technologies such as GPS, Wi-Fi or Low Energy Bluetooth were difficult to install, expensive and time consuming and they required cabling across the plant along with local power.

Sagar Jorapur Assistant Manager, Wireless and

Digital Marketing, Emerson Automation Solutions, India

B.E (Instrumentation and Control Engineering) VESIT, University of

Mumbai Drives Wireless Solutions in

Rosemount Business group of Emerson Automation, India office.

Awarded for Promoting Innovative solutions at the

Emerson Asia Pacific Region Overseas Sales Conference in

2018 [email protected]

SAFETY

MONITORING

FOR YOUR MOST

VALUED ASSET

‘PEOPLE’.



The Location Awareness system combines the power of software application with Wireless gateways, access points, location anchors and personnel tags, certified for use in hazardous conditions.

The Plantweb Insight Location Awareness from Emerson, analyzes the location data from the personnel tags and provides an interface that updates the management of key safety elements like mustering, safety alerts and geofencing.

The wearable tag is a Hazardous area certified active device that sends signal to the fixed location Anchor enabling location detection of the personnel.

The fixed location Anchor further communicates to the Wireless Gateway in the control room/ any other designated location via Wireless HART.

The Plantweb Insight Location application helps the safety department to monitor the personnel location and his status for more comprehensive prospects.

Safety of your most important asset is addressed by Location Awareness in a



most comprehensive and progressive manner.

Location Awareness uses Geofencing to manage the facility.

Define areas to have restricted access to individual/ group based on their needs.

Monitoring of the onsite contractors to arrest their visit to inappropriate areas.

Create geofenced /off-limit areas during critical operations such as shutdown.

Location Awareness provides Safety Alerts and Mustering.

Personnel with the tags are provided with a facility to press the tag’s button and initiate a safety alert on experiencing emergency. This triggers an alert notification in the software, enabling a quicker emergency response.

Personnel with the tags would be digitally checked in to the mustering station and would be accounted. Alert would be triggered for those, not accounted in the designated stations assisting the emergency response.

Location Awareness creates Safer Facilities While Maintaining Operational Continuity.

Geofenced zone can minimize the gathering of personnel in certain areas and Social Density calculation can assist in assigning a rule of maximum number allowed in a particular zone.

Generate records of personnel movement in the facility if needed for contact tracing.

Location Awareness provides the opportunity to digitally design safer facilities and improve personnel visibility.

The present technological advancement has brought industry very close to the goal of 100% safe operations. Emerson offers a wide range of other solutions such as Digitized Safety showers , Wireless toxic gas, Corrosion monitoring (pipeline integrity solutions) to avoid hazards due to leakage or spill overs, Hydrocarbon leak detection, Dyke valve monitoring, Pressure Safety and Relief Valve Monitoring. The advanced diagnostics from field devices, Wireless Instrumentation and the Pervasive Sensors together provides with an opportunity to design safe and efficient facilities.

Digital Transformation is no longer an option but is a necessity of today. The scalable Plantweb Digital Ecosystem from Emerson provides robust and real time insights with the help of pervasive sensors and use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to provide real time predictions to improve the asset health and plant safety.

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